Battle of Cuito Cuanavale (English Wikipedia)

Saney, Issac (September 2006). "African Stalingrad: The Cuban Revolution, Internationalism, and the End of Apartheid" (PDF). Latin American Perspectives. 33 (5) (first ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications: 83–84. doi:10.1177/0094582X05281111. S2CID 144553335. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
Pazzanita (1991), p. 105. "The SADF and UNITA had relaxed the siege of the town by May, 1988, although at least several hundred South Africans remained on the outskirts." Pazzanita, Anthony (1991). "The conflict resolution process in Angola". Journal of Modern African Studies. 29 (1): 83–114. doi:10.1017/s0022278x00020759. JSTOR 160994. S2CID 145255649.
McFaul (1990), p. 126. "...Castro boldly responded that Pretoria was "no longer in a position to request anything south of Angola. Instead of attacking inside Namibia, however, the Cuban forces moved east along the border to cut off the South Africans still camped near Cuito Cuanavale. By August 1988, the strategy had worked, leaving some 400–500 South African soldiers completely surrounded for several months". McFaul, Michael (1990). "Rethinking the "Reagan Doctrine" in Angola". International Security. 14 (3): 99–135. doi:10.2307/2538933. JSTOR 2538933. S2CID 154628099.

fireandfury.com

Davies, R Mark. "UNITA Forces In The 'Border War' (Angola & South West Africa), 1980 to 1989L UNITA TO&Es (v.1.0) For 'Modern Battlefront'" (PDF). fireandfury.com.

flyafrica.info

"The Battle of Cuito Cuanavale". Paratus (SADF Magazine). March 1989. Archived from the original on 2 July 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2011.

historytoday.com

"Replaying Cuito Cuanavale". History Today. Retrieved 4 August 2014.

iol.co.za

Kasrlis, Ronnie (23 March 2008). "Turning point at Cuito Cuanavale". Independent Online. Retrieved 6 February 2015.

journals.ac.za

scientiamilitaria.journals.ac.za

Scholtz, Leopold (2010). "The South African Strategic and Operational Objectives in Angola, 1987–88". South African Journal of Military Studies. 38 (1): 81–97. Archived from the original on 27 January 2017.

jstor.org

Pazzanita (1991), p. 105. "The SADF and UNITA had relaxed the siege of the town by May, 1988, although at least several hundred South Africans remained on the outskirts." Pazzanita, Anthony (1991). "The conflict resolution process in Angola". Journal of Modern African Studies. 29 (1): 83–114. doi:10.1017/s0022278x00020759. JSTOR 160994. S2CID 145255649.
McFaul (1990), p. 126. "...Castro boldly responded that Pretoria was "no longer in a position to request anything south of Angola. Instead of attacking inside Namibia, however, the Cuban forces moved east along the border to cut off the South Africans still camped near Cuito Cuanavale. By August 1988, the strategy had worked, leaving some 400–500 South African soldiers completely surrounded for several months". McFaul, Michael (1990). "Rethinking the "Reagan Doctrine" in Angola". International Security. 14 (3): 99–135. doi:10.2307/2538933. JSTOR 2538933. S2CID 154628099.

justdone.co.za

Turton, Anthony (2010). Shaking Hands with Billy. Durban: Just Done Productions Publishing (published 1 December 2010). pp. 239, 453, 459. ISBN 978-1-920315-58-0. OL 22656001M. Archived from the original on 9 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.

justice.gov.za

Truth and Reconciliation Commission (1988), Chapter 2, pp. 42–61. Truth and Reconciliation Commission (29 October 1998). Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report (PDF) (Report). Vol. 2.
Truth and Reconciliation Commission (1988), p. 59. Truth and Reconciliation Commission (29 October 1998). Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report (PDF) (Report). Vol. 2.

keymilitary.com

"Clash of Armour II". Key Publishing. 3 September 2021. Archived from the original on 21 July 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.

mg.co.za

Gleijeses (2007) Gleijeses, Piero (11 July 2007). "Cuito Cuanavale revisited: analysis". Mail & Guardian Online. Archived from the original on 14 July 2007.
"Cuito Cuanavale revisited | Analysis | Analysis | Mail & Guardian". Mg.co.za. Retrieved 4 August 2014.

nb.co.za

Scholtz (2013), p. 253 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), p. 279 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 316–319, 338–339 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), p. 265 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 268–277 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), p. 288 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 290–291 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 292–297 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), p. 301 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 304–309 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 320–321 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 334–337 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 321–324 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), p. 332 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 341–345 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), p. 357 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 345–350 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), p. 358 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.

normangirvan.info

Saney, Issac (September 2006). "African Stalingrad: The Cuban Revolution, Internationalism, and the End of Apartheid" (PDF). Latin American Perspectives. 33 (5) (first ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications: 83–84. doi:10.1177/0094582X05281111. S2CID 144553335. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2016.

nytimes.com

Trainor (1988) Trainor, Bernard E. (12 July 1988). "South Africa's strategy on Angola falls short, enhancing Cubans' role". The New York Times.

openlibrary.org

Turton, Anthony (2010). Shaking Hands with Billy. Durban: Just Done Productions Publishing (published 1 December 2010). pp. 239, 453, 459. ISBN 978-1-920315-58-0. OL 22656001M. Archived from the original on 9 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.

saairforce.co.za

"Raptor 1 Glide Bomb (H-2)". Retrieved 2 December 2019. Buccaneer [414] successfully launched 'H2' and destroyed the Bridge at 10h31Z

sahistory.org.za

"Battle of Cuito Cuanavale 1988". www.sahistory.org.za. South African History Online. Retrieved 4 May 2023.

secretprojects.co.uk

"South African missiles/rockets/PGM's". 9 January 2014. Retrieved 3 December 2019. Images of the attack on the bridge

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Saney, Issac (September 2006). "African Stalingrad: The Cuban Revolution, Internationalism, and the End of Apartheid" (PDF). Latin American Perspectives. 33 (5) (first ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications: 83–84. doi:10.1177/0094582X05281111. S2CID 144553335. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
Pazzanita (1991), p. 105. "The SADF and UNITA had relaxed the siege of the town by May, 1988, although at least several hundred South Africans remained on the outskirts." Pazzanita, Anthony (1991). "The conflict resolution process in Angola". Journal of Modern African Studies. 29 (1): 83–114. doi:10.1017/s0022278x00020759. JSTOR 160994. S2CID 145255649.
McFaul (1990), p. 126. "...Castro boldly responded that Pretoria was "no longer in a position to request anything south of Angola. Instead of attacking inside Namibia, however, the Cuban forces moved east along the border to cut off the South Africans still camped near Cuito Cuanavale. By August 1988, the strategy had worked, leaving some 400–500 South African soldiers completely surrounded for several months". McFaul, Michael (1990). "Rethinking the "Reagan Doctrine" in Angola". International Security. 14 (3): 99–135. doi:10.2307/2538933. JSTOR 2538933. S2CID 154628099.

shakinghandswithbilly.com

Turton, A.R. 2010. Shaking Hands with Billy: The Private Memoirs of Anthony Richard Turton. Durban: Just Done Publications. http://www.shakinghandswithbilly.com

tufts.edu

sites.tufts.edu

Gourgoumis, Andrew (13 November 2023). "Russia Has Stumbled Upon Cuito Cuanavale In Ukraine". The Fletcher Forum. Tufts University. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 29 February 2024.

unredacted.com

"Angola, Unredacted" (PDF). Langley: Central Intelligence Agency. 20 November 1978. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 January 2017. Retrieved 14 May 2024.

unscr.com

"Resolution 602". Unscr.com. Retrieved 4 August 2014.

web.archive.org

"Clash of Armour II". Key Publishing. 3 September 2021. Archived from the original on 21 July 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
Scholtz (2013), p. 253 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz, Leopold (2010). "The South African Strategic and Operational Objectives in Angola, 1987–88". South African Journal of Military Studies. 38 (1): 81–97. Archived from the original on 27 January 2017.
Gleijeses (2007) Gleijeses, Piero (11 July 2007). "Cuito Cuanavale revisited: analysis". Mail & Guardian Online. Archived from the original on 14 July 2007.
Scholtz (2013), p. 279 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 316–319, 338–339 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Saney, Issac (September 2006). "African Stalingrad: The Cuban Revolution, Internationalism, and the End of Apartheid" (PDF). Latin American Perspectives. 33 (5) (first ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications: 83–84. doi:10.1177/0094582X05281111. S2CID 144553335. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
Turton, Anthony (2010). Shaking Hands with Billy. Durban: Just Done Productions Publishing (published 1 December 2010). pp. 239, 453, 459. ISBN 978-1-920315-58-0. OL 22656001M. Archived from the original on 9 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
"Angola, Unredacted" (PDF). Langley: Central Intelligence Agency. 20 November 1978. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 January 2017. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
Scholtz (2013), p. 265 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 268–277 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), p. 288 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 290–291 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 292–297 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), p. 301 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 304–309 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 320–321 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 334–337 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 321–324 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), p. 332 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 341–345 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), p. 357 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), pp. 345–350 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
Scholtz (2013), p. 358 Scholtz, Leopold (2013). The SADF in the Border War 1966–1989. Cape Town: Tafelberg (NB Publishers) (published 15 May 2013). ISBN 9780624054108. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
"The Battle of Cuito Cuanavale". Paratus (SADF Magazine). March 1989. Archived from the original on 2 July 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2011.
Gourgoumis, Andrew (13 November 2023). "Russia Has Stumbled Upon Cuito Cuanavale In Ukraine". The Fletcher Forum. Tufts University. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 29 February 2024.