Battle of the Trench (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Battle of the Trench" in English language version.

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academia.edu

Lecker 1995, p. 69. Lecker, Michael (1995). "On Arabs of the Banū Kilāb executed together with the Banū Qurayza". JSAI. 19: 66–72.

archive.org

Watt 1956, p. 35–36. Watt, William M. (1956). Muhammad at Medina. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-577307-1.
Watt 1961, pp. 167–174. Watt, William M. (1961). Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-881078-4. (An abridgement of Muhammad at Mecca and Muhammad at Medina)
Watt 1961, p. 166-167. Watt, William M. (1961). Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-881078-4. (An abridgement of Muhammad at Mecca and Muhammad at Medina)
Watt 1961, p. 169. Watt, William M. (1961). Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-881078-4. (An abridgement of Muhammad at Mecca and Muhammad at Medina)
Watt 1961, p. 168. Watt, William M. (1961). Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-881078-4. (An abridgement of Muhammad at Mecca and Muhammad at Medina)
Watt 1961, p. 166. Watt, William M. (1961). Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-881078-4. (An abridgement of Muhammad at Mecca and Muhammad at Medina)
Peters 1994, pp. 211–214; Buhl & Welch 1993, p. 369. Peters, Francis E. (1994). Muhammad and the Origins of Islam. Albany: SUNY Press. ISBN 0-7914-1875-8. Buhl, F.; Welch, A.T. (1993). "Muḥammad". Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. 7 (2nd ed.). Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2.
Watt 1961, p. 120-121. Watt, William M. (1961). Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-881078-4. (An abridgement of Muhammad at Mecca and Muhammad at Medina)
Watt 1961, p. 121-122. Watt, William M. (1961). Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-881078-4. (An abridgement of Muhammad at Mecca and Muhammad at Medina)
Watt 1961, p. 122. Watt, William M. (1961). Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-881078-4. (An abridgement of Muhammad at Mecca and Muhammad at Medina)
Watt 1956, pp. 34–37. Watt, William M. (1956). Muhammad at Medina. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-577307-1.
Ramadan 2007, pp. 137–145 Ramadan, Tariq (2007). In the Footsteps of the Prophet. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-530880-8.
Glasse & Smith 2003, p. 81. Glasse, Cyril; Smith, Huston (2003). New Encyclopedia of Islam: A Revised Edition of the Concise Encyclopedia of Islam. Rowman Altamira. ISBN 0759101906.
Watt 1956, pp. 36f. Watt, William M. (1956). Muhammad at Medina. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-577307-1.
Ibn Ishaq 1955, p. 454. Ibn Ishaq (1955). The Life of Muhammad: A Translation of Ibn Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah. Translated by Guillaume, Alfred. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-636033-1.
Ibn Ishaq 1955, p. 450. Ibn Ishaq (1955). The Life of Muhammad: A Translation of Ibn Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah. Translated by Guillaume, Alfred. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-636033-1.
Peters 1994, pp. 221f. Peters, Francis E. (1994). Muhammad and the Origins of Islam. Albany: SUNY Press. ISBN 0-7914-1875-8.
Watt 1961, pp. 170–176. Watt, William M. (1961). Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-881078-4. (An abridgement of Muhammad at Mecca and Muhammad at Medina)
Ibn Ishaq 1955, pp. 461–464. Ibn Ishaq (1955). The Life of Muhammad: A Translation of Ibn Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah. Translated by Guillaume, Alfred. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-636033-1.
Ibn Ishaq 1955, pp. 461–464; Peters 1994, pp. 222–224; Stillman 2010, p. 141f. Ibn Ishaq (1955). The Life of Muhammad: A Translation of Ibn Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah. Translated by Guillaume, Alfred. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-636033-1. Peters, Francis E. (1994). Muhammad and the Origins of Islam. Albany: SUNY Press. ISBN 0-7914-1875-8. Stillman, Norman A. (2010). The Jews of Arab lands: a history and source book (Nachdr ed.). Philadelphia: Jewish Publ. Soc. of America. ISBN 978-0-8276-0198-7.
Ramadan 2007, p. 146. Ramadan, Tariq (2007). In the Footsteps of the Prophet. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-530880-8.
Watt 1961, p. 96. Watt, William M. (1961). Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-881078-4. (An abridgement of Muhammad at Mecca and Muhammad at Medina)
Watt 1953, p. xi Watt, William M. (1953). Muhammad at Mecca. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-577278-4.
Donner 1998, p. 132. Donner, Fred (1998). Narratives of Islamic Origins: The Beginnings of Islamic Historical Writing. Darwin Press. ISBN 0-87850-127-4.
Donner 1998, p. 132. Donner, Fred (1998). Narratives of Islamic Origins: The Beginnings of Islamic Historical Writing. Darwin Press. ISBN 0-87850-127-4.

books.google.com

Brockopp 2010, p. 9. Brockopp, Jonathan E. (2010). The Cambridge Companion to Muhammad. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-82838-3.
Lapidus 2012, p. 42. Lapidus, Ira M. (2012). Islamic Societies to the Nineteenth Century: A Global History. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-51441-5.
Gil, Moshe (27 February 1997). Ibn Sa'd, 1(1), 147 VII(2), 113f, Baladhuri, Tarikh Tabari, 1 2960, Muqaddasi, Muthir, 25f; Ibn Hisham, 311. Cambridge University press. p. 119. ISBN 0521599849. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
Hazleton 2014, p. 259. Hazleton, Lesley (4 February 2014). The First Muslim: The Story of Muhammad. Penguin. ISBN 978-1-59463-230-3.
Rodgers 2012, p. 148. Rodgers, Russ (2012). The Generalship of Muhammad: Battles and Campaigns of the Prophet of Allah. University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0-8130-3766-0.
Hoyland 2015, The Battle of the Ditch (Trench). Hoyland, Robert G. (2015). In God's Path: The Arab Conquests and the Creation of an Islamic Empire. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-991636-8.
Rodgers 2012, p. 143. Rodgers, Russ (2012). The Generalship of Muhammad: Battles and Campaigns of the Prophet of Allah. University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0-8130-3766-0.
Rodinson 2021, p. 209. Rodinson, Maxime (2 March 2021). Muhammad. New York Review of Books. ISBN 978-1-68137-493-2.
Gabriel 2014, p. 136. Gabriel, Richard A. (22 October 2014). Muhammad: Islam's First Great General. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0-8061-8250-6.
Rodgers 2012, p. 145. Rodgers, Russ (2012). The Generalship of Muhammad: Battles and Campaigns of the Prophet of Allah. University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0-8130-3766-0.
Spellberg 1994, p. 45. Spellberg, Denise A. (1994). Politics, Gender, and the Islamic Past: The Legacy of 'A'isha Bint Abi Bakr. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-07999-0.
Karsh 2013, p. 14. Karsh, Efraim (2013). Islamic Imperialism: A History. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-20133-8.
Shahid 1995, pp. 78–79. Shahid, Irfan (1995). Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century. Dumbarton Oaks. ISBN 978-0-88402-214-5.
Peterson 2007, pp. 123f.. Peterson, Daniel C. (26 February 2007). Muhammad, Prophet of God. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8028-0754-0.
Rodinson 2021, p. 213. Rodinson, Maxime (2 March 2021). Muhammad. New York Review of Books. ISBN 978-1-68137-493-2.
Kister 1986, pp. 93f; Inamdar 2001, pp. 166f. Kister, Meir Jacob (1986). "The massacre of the Banū Qurayẓa: a re-examination of a tradition". Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam. 8: 61–96. Inamdar, Subhash C. (2001). Muhammad and the Rise of Islam: The Creation of Group Identity. Psychosocial Press. ISBN 978-1-887841-28-3.
Rodinson 2021, p. 213; Muir 1861, p. 277. Rodinson, Maxime (2 March 2021). Muhammad. New York Review of Books. ISBN 978-1-68137-493-2. Muir, William (1861). A Life of Mahomet and History of Islam to the Era of the Hegira. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

brill.com

"Encyclopaedia of Islam, Volume I (A-B): [Fasc. 1-22]", Encyclopaedia of Islam, Volume I (A-B), Brill, 26 June 1998, ISBN 978-90-04-08114-7, retrieved 28 May 2023, p. 868

brillonline.com

referenceworks.brillonline.com

Buhl & Welch 1993, p. 370. Buhl, F.; Welch, A.T. (1993). "Muḥammad". Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. 7 (2nd ed.). Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2.
Buhl & Welch 1993, p. 364. Buhl, F.; Welch, A.T. (1993). "Muḥammad". Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. 7 (2nd ed.). Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2.
Buhl & Welch 1993, p. 364-369. Buhl, F.; Welch, A.T. (1993). "Muḥammad". Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. 7 (2nd ed.). Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2.
Peters 1994, pp. 211–214; Buhl & Welch 1993, p. 369. Peters, Francis E. (1994). Muhammad and the Origins of Islam. Albany: SUNY Press. ISBN 0-7914-1875-8. Buhl, F.; Welch, A.T. (1993). "Muḥammad". Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. 7 (2nd ed.). Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2.
Buhl & Welch 1993, p. 369. Buhl, F.; Welch, A.T. (1993). "Muḥammad". Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. 7 (2nd ed.). Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2.

britannica.com

"Muhammad | Biography, History, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 24 May 2023. Retrieved 27 May 2023.

brown.edu

"Aws and Khazraj". www.brown.edu. Retrieved 27 May 2023.

doi.org

Heck 2003. Heck, Gene W. (2003). "Arabia Without Spices: An Alternate Hypothesis". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 123: 547–567. doi:10.2307/3217750. JSTOR 3217750.

jstor.org

Heck 2003. Heck, Gene W. (2003). "Arabia Without Spices: An Alternate Hypothesis". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 123: 547–567. doi:10.2307/3217750. JSTOR 3217750.

oup.com

global.oup.com

Lewis 2002, p. 35–36. Lewis, Bernard (2002). The Arabs in History. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-280310-8.
Hoyland 2017. Hoyland, Robert G. (2017). In God's Path: The Arab Conquests and the Creation of an Islamic Empire. Ancient Warfare and Civilization. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-061857-5.