Baybayin (English Wikipedia)

de Totanés, Sebastián (1745). Arte de la lenga tagalog. p. 3. No se trata de los caracteres tagalos, porque es ya raro el indio [sic] que los sabe leer, y rarísimo el que los sabe escribir. En los nuestros castellanos leen ya, y escriben todos.
Diringer 1948, p. 402. Diringer, David (1948). The Alphabet: A Key to the History of Mankind (Second and revised ed.). London: Hutchinson's Scientific and Technical Publications – via Archive.org.
Diringer 1948, p. 423. Diringer, David (1948). The Alphabet: A Key to the History of Mankind (Second and revised ed.). London: Hutchinson's Scientific and Technical Publications – via Archive.org.
Diringer 1948, pp. 421–443. Diringer, David (1948). The Alphabet: A Key to the History of Mankind (Second and revised ed.). London: Hutchinson's Scientific and Technical Publications – via Archive.org.

baybayin.com

bibingka.baybayin.com

Santos, Hector (26 October 1996). "Extinction of a Philippine Script". A Philippine Leaf. Archived from the original on 15 September 2019. Retrieved 15 September 2019. However, when I started looking for documents that could confirm it, I couldn't find any. I pored over historians' accounts of burnings (especially Beyer) looking for footnotes that may provide leads as to where their information came from. Sadly, their sources, if they had any, were not documented.
Santos, Hector (26 October 1996). "Extinction of a Philippine Script". A Philippine Leaf. Archived from the original on 15 September 2019. Retrieved 15 September 2019. But if any burnings happened as a result of this order to Fr. Chirino, they would have resulted in destruction of Christian manuscripts that were not acceptable to the Church and not of ancient manuscripts that did not exist in the first place. Short documents burned? Yes. Ancient manuscripts? No.

books.google.com

Halili 2004, p. 47. Halili, Maria Christine N. (2004). Philippine History. Manila: Rex Book Store. ISBN 978-971-23-3934-9.
Duka 2008, pp. 32–33. Duka, Cecilio D. (2008). Struggle for Freedom: A Textbook on Philippine History. Manila: Rex Book Store. ISBN 978-971-23-5045-0.
Ezguerra, P. Domingo (1747) [c. 1663]. Arte de la lengua bisaya de la provincia de Leyte. apendice por el P. Constantino Bayle. Imp. de la Compañía de Jesús. ISBN 9780080877754.
"Filipinas Magazine". Filipinas. No. 36–44. 1995. p. 60.
Potet 2017, pp. 58–59: "the Tagalogs kept their theological knowledge unwritten, and only used their syllabic alphabet (Baybayin) for secular pursuits and, perhaps, talismans.". Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2017). Ancient Beliefs and Customs of the Tagalogs. Morrisville, North Carolina: Lulu Press. ISBN 978-0-244-34873-1.
Potet 2018, p. 95. Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2018). Baybayin: The Syllabic Alphabet of the Tagalogs. Raleigh, North Carolina: Lulu Press. ISBN 978-0-244-14241-4.

cambridge.org

Guillermo, Ramon G.; Paluga, Myfel Joseph D. (2011). "Barang king banga: A Visayan language reading of the Calatagan pot inscription (CPI)". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 42: 121–159. doi:10.1017/S0022463410000561. S2CID 162984793.

congress.gov.ph

"House of Representatives Press Releases". www.congress.gov.ph. Retrieved 7 May 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
House Bill 1022 (PDF). 4 July 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 November 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2018 – via 17th Philippine House of Representatives.

doi.org

Camba, Allan (2021). "Baybayin: The Role of a Written Language in the Cultural Identity and Socio-Psychological Well-Being of Filipinos". doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.12961.94563. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Smith, Monica L. (1999). ""Indianization" from the Indian Point of View: Trade and Cultural Contacts with Southeast Asia in the Early First Millennium C.E". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 42 (11–17): 1–26. doi:10.1163/1568520991445588. JSTOR 3632296.
Miller, Christopher (2010). "A Gujarati Origin for Scripts of Sumatra, Sulawesi and the Philippines". In Rolle, Nicholas; Steman, Jeremy; Sylak-Glassman, John (eds.). Proceedings of the Thirty Sixth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, February 6-7, 2010. Berkeley, California: Berkeley Linguistics Society. pp. 276–291. doi:10.3765/bls.v36i1.3917.
Wade, Geoff (1993). "On the Possible Cham Origin of the Philippine Scripts". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 24 (1): 44–87. doi:10.1017/S0022463400001508. JSTOR 20071506. S2CID 162902640.
Guillermo, Ramon G.; Paluga, Myfel Joseph D. (2011). "Barang king banga: A Visayan language reading of the Calatagan pot inscription (CPI)". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 42: 121–159. doi:10.1017/S0022463410000561. S2CID 162984793.
Donoso 2019, pp. 89–103: "What is important to us is the relevant activity during these centuries to study, write and even print in Baybayin. And this task is not strange in other regions of the Spanish Empire. In fact indigenous documents placed a significant role in the judicial and legal life of the colonies. Documents in other language than Spanish were legally considered, and Pedro de Castro says that "I have seen in the archives of Lipa and Batangas many documents with these characters". Nowadays we can find Baybayin documents in some repositories, including the oldest library in the country, the University of Santo Tomás." Donoso, Isaac (2019). "Letra de Meca: Jawi Script in the Tagalog Region During the 16th Century". Journal of Al-Tamaddun. 14 (1): 89–103. doi:10.22452/JAT.vol14no1.8. hdl:10045/93950.
Donoso 2019, p. 92: "Secondly, if Baybayin was not deleted but promoted and we know that Manila was becoming an important Islamic entrepôt, it is feasible to think that Baybayin was in a mutable phase in Manila area at the Spanish advent. This is to say, like in other areas of the Malay world, Jawi script and Islam were replacing Baybayin and Hindu-Buddhist culture. Namely Spaniards might have promoted Baybayin as a way to stop Islamization since the Tagalog language was moving from Baybayin to Jawi script.". Donoso, Isaac (2019). "Letra de Meca: Jawi Script in the Tagalog Region During the 16th Century". Journal of Al-Tamaddun. 14 (1): 89–103. doi:10.22452/JAT.vol14no1.8. hdl:10045/93950.

elizaga.net

heritage.elizaga.net

Borrinaga, Rolando O. (n.d.). Romancing the Ticao Stones: Preliminary Transcription, Decipherment, Translation, and Some Notes (PDF). Paper for presentation at The 1st Philippine Conference on the "Baybayin" Stones of Ticao, Masbate, 5–6 August 2011, Monreal, Masbate Province – via heritage.elizaga.net.

escholarship.org

Woods, Damon L. (1992). "Tomás Pinpin and the Literate Indio: Tagalog Writing in the Early Spanish Philippines". UCLA Historical Journal. 12: 177–220.

gutenberg.org

"Doctrina Cristiana". Project Gutenberg.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Donoso 2019, pp. 89–103: "What is important to us is the relevant activity during these centuries to study, write and even print in Baybayin. And this task is not strange in other regions of the Spanish Empire. In fact indigenous documents placed a significant role in the judicial and legal life of the colonies. Documents in other language than Spanish were legally considered, and Pedro de Castro says that "I have seen in the archives of Lipa and Batangas many documents with these characters". Nowadays we can find Baybayin documents in some repositories, including the oldest library in the country, the University of Santo Tomás." Donoso, Isaac (2019). "Letra de Meca: Jawi Script in the Tagalog Region During the 16th Century". Journal of Al-Tamaddun. 14 (1): 89–103. doi:10.22452/JAT.vol14no1.8. hdl:10045/93950.
Donoso 2019, p. 92: "Secondly, if Baybayin was not deleted but promoted and we know that Manila was becoming an important Islamic entrepôt, it is feasible to think that Baybayin was in a mutable phase in Manila area at the Spanish advent. This is to say, like in other areas of the Malay world, Jawi script and Islam were replacing Baybayin and Hindu-Buddhist culture. Namely Spaniards might have promoted Baybayin as a way to stop Islamization since the Tagalog language was moving from Baybayin to Jawi script.". Donoso, Isaac (2019). "Letra de Meca: Jawi Script in the Tagalog Region During the 16th Century". Journal of Al-Tamaddun. 14 (1): 89–103. doi:10.22452/JAT.vol14no1.8. hdl:10045/93950.

hapihumanist.org

Admin, HAPI (17 August 2022). "Baybayin: How This Ancient Pinoy Script's Legacy Lives On". Humanist Alliance Philippines International. Retrieved 23 September 2024.

hathitrust.org

babel.hathitrust.org

de Noceda, Juan (1754). Vocabulario de la lengua tagala. Impr. de Ramirez y Giraudier. p. 39.

inquirer.net

newsinfo.inquirer.net

Orejas, Tonette (27 April 2018). "Protect All PH Writing Systems, Heritage Advocates Urge Congress". Inquirer.net. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
Escandor, Juan Jr (3 July 2014). "Muddied Stones Reveal Ancient Scripts". Inquirer.net. Retrieved 6 March 2022.

lifestyle.inquirer.net

Lao, Levine (15 January 2012). "UST Collection of Ancient Scripts in 'Baybayin' Syllabary Shown to Public". Lifestyle.Inq. Retrieved 6 March 2022.

jstor.org

Smith, Monica L. (1999). ""Indianization" from the Indian Point of View: Trade and Cultural Contacts with Southeast Asia in the Early First Millennium C.E". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 42 (11–17): 1–26. doi:10.1163/1568520991445588. JSTOR 3632296.
Wade, Geoff (1993). "On the Possible Cham Origin of the Philippine Scripts". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 24 (1): 44–87. doi:10.1017/S0022463400001508. JSTOR 20071506. S2CID 162902640.

kabuay.com

blog.kabuay.com

Kabuay, Kristian (16 January 2012). "UST Baybayin Collection Shown to Public". Kristian Kabuay. Retrieved 6 March 2022.

linguisticsociety.org

journals.linguisticsociety.org

Miller, Christopher (2010). "A Gujarati Origin for Scripts of Sumatra, Sulawesi and the Philippines". In Rolle, Nicholas; Steman, Jeremy; Sylak-Glassman, John (eds.). Proceedings of the Thirty Sixth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, February 6-7, 2010. Berkeley, California: Berkeley Linguistics Society. pp. 276–291. doi:10.3765/bls.v36i1.3917.

medium.com

thezoomerhistorian.medium.com

"The Decline of the Baybayin Script During the Early Spanish Period and the Spanish Effort for its Preservation (1593-1703)". www.medium.com. Retrieved 22 June 2024.

momentslog.com

chloe (26 August 2024). "The Art of Filipino Baybayin Script: History, Revival, and Cultural Importance". Moments Log. Retrieved 23 September 2024.

nationalmuseum.gov.ph

"Butuan Ivory Seal". National Museum Collections. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 28 April 2018.

ncca.gov.ph

Borrinaga, Rolando O. (22 September 2010). "In Focus: The Mystery of the Ancient Inscription (An Article on the Calatagan Pot)". National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Archived from the original on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021.

paulmorrow.ca

Morrow, Paul (7 April 2011). "Baybayin Styles & Their Sources". paulmorrow.ca. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
Morrow, Paul (2002). "Baybayin: The Ancient Script of the Philippines". paulmorrow.ca.
Morrow, Paul (11 November 2002). "Baybayin Styles & Their Sources". paulmorrow.ca. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
Morrow, Paul (n.d.). "Amami - A Fragment of the Ilokano Lord's Prayer, 1620". paulmorrow.ca. Retrieved 7 March 2022.

princelystates.com

Pinn, Fred (1 April 2001). "Cochin Palm Leaf Fiscals". Princely States Report. Archived from the original on 13 January 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2017.

rgdoi.net

Camba, Allan (2021). "Baybayin: The Role of a Written Language in the Cultural Identity and Socio-Psychological Well-Being of Filipinos". doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.12961.94563. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Wade, Geoff (1993). "On the Possible Cham Origin of the Philippine Scripts". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 24 (1): 44–87. doi:10.1017/S0022463400001508. JSTOR 20071506. S2CID 162902640.
Guillermo, Ramon G.; Paluga, Myfel Joseph D. (2011). "Barang king banga: A Visayan language reading of the Calatagan pot inscription (CPI)". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 42: 121–159. doi:10.1017/S0022463410000561. S2CID 162984793.

senate.gov.ph

Senate Bill 433. 19 July 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2018 – via 17th Philippine Senate.

sinica.edu.tw

ical13.ling.sinica.edu.tw

de los Santos, Norman (2015). Philippine Indigenous Writing Systems in the Modern World (PDF). Presented at the "Thirteenth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics". 13-ICAL – 2015, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 18 July–23, 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.

tagalogstudies.org

sb.tagalogstudies.org

San Buenaventura, Pedro (1613). "Vocabulario de Lengua Tagala". Bahay Saliksikan ng Tagalog. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 3 May 2020.

techmagus.icu

"Baybayin in Gboard App Now Available". Techmagus. 1 August 2019. Archived from the original on 1 August 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
"Activate and Use Baybayin in Gboard". Techmagus. 1 August 2019. Archived from the original on 1 August 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
"Philippines Unicode Keyboard Layout". Techmagus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.

um.edu.my

ejournal.um.edu.my

Donoso 2019, pp. 89–103: "What is important to us is the relevant activity during these centuries to study, write and even print in Baybayin. And this task is not strange in other regions of the Spanish Empire. In fact indigenous documents placed a significant role in the judicial and legal life of the colonies. Documents in other language than Spanish were legally considered, and Pedro de Castro says that "I have seen in the archives of Lipa and Batangas many documents with these characters". Nowadays we can find Baybayin documents in some repositories, including the oldest library in the country, the University of Santo Tomás." Donoso, Isaac (2019). "Letra de Meca: Jawi Script in the Tagalog Region During the 16th Century". Journal of Al-Tamaddun. 14 (1): 89–103. doi:10.22452/JAT.vol14no1.8. hdl:10045/93950.
Donoso 2019, p. 92: "Secondly, if Baybayin was not deleted but promoted and we know that Manila was becoming an important Islamic entrepôt, it is feasible to think that Baybayin was in a mutable phase in Manila area at the Spanish advent. This is to say, like in other areas of the Malay world, Jawi script and Islam were replacing Baybayin and Hindu-Buddhist culture. Namely Spaniards might have promoted Baybayin as a way to stop Islamization since the Tagalog language was moving from Baybayin to Jawi script.". Donoso, Isaac (2019). "Letra de Meca: Jawi Script in the Tagalog Region During the 16th Century". Journal of Al-Tamaddun. 14 (1): 89–103. doi:10.22452/JAT.vol14no1.8. hdl:10045/93950.

umich.edu

name.umdl.umich.edu

Pardo de Tavera, T. H. (1884). Contribución para el estudio de los antiguos alfabetos filipinos (in Spanish). Losana: Imprenta de Jaunin Hermanos.
Chirino 1890, p. 59. Chirino, Pedro (1890) [First published 1604]. Relación de las Islas Filipinas y de lo que en ellas han trabajado los padres de la Compañía de Jesús: del P. Pedro Chirino (in Spanish) (2nd ed.). Manila: Imprenta de D. Esteban Balbas – via University of Michigan Library.
Delgado 1892, pp. 331–333. Delgado, Juan José (1892). Historia General sacro-profana, política y natural de las Islas del Poniente llamadas Filipinas (in Spanish). Manila: Imp. de el Eco de Filipinas – via University of Michigan Library.

quod.lib.umich.edu

Philippine Indic studies: Fletcher Gardner. 2005.

unicode.org

Brennan, Fredrick R. (18 July 2018). "The baybayin "ra"—ᜍ its origins and a plea for its formal recognition" (PDF).
"Chapter 17: Indonesia and Oceania, Philippine Scripts" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. March 2020.
"Unicode Baybayin Tagalog variant" (PDF).

ust.edu.ph

"UST Archives". University of Santo Tomas. Archived from the original on 24 May 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2012.

web.archive.org

Borrinaga, Rolando O. (22 September 2010). "In Focus: The Mystery of the Ancient Inscription (An Article on the Calatagan Pot)". National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Archived from the original on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
Archived 18 September 2021 at the Wayback Machine
"UST Archives". University of Santo Tomas. Archived from the original on 24 May 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
San Buenaventura, Pedro (1613). "Vocabulario de Lengua Tagala". Bahay Saliksikan ng Tagalog. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
de los Santos, Norman (2015). Philippine Indigenous Writing Systems in the Modern World (PDF). Presented at the "Thirteenth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics". 13-ICAL – 2015, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 18 July–23, 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
Acharya, Amitav (n.d.). The "Indianization of Southeast Asia" Revisited: Initiative, Adaptation and Transformation in Classical Civilizations (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 January 2020. Retrieved 3 April 2018 – via amitavacharya.com.
"Butuan Ivory Seal". National Museum Collections. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
Pinn, Fred (1 April 2001). "Cochin Palm Leaf Fiscals". Princely States Report. Archived from the original on 13 January 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
Santos, Hector (26 October 1996). "Extinction of a Philippine Script". A Philippine Leaf. Archived from the original on 15 September 2019. Retrieved 15 September 2019. However, when I started looking for documents that could confirm it, I couldn't find any. I pored over historians' accounts of burnings (especially Beyer) looking for footnotes that may provide leads as to where their information came from. Sadly, their sources, if they had any, were not documented.
Santos, Hector (26 October 1996). "Extinction of a Philippine Script". A Philippine Leaf. Archived from the original on 15 September 2019. Retrieved 15 September 2019. But if any burnings happened as a result of this order to Fr. Chirino, they would have resulted in destruction of Christian manuscripts that were not acceptable to the Church and not of ancient manuscripts that did not exist in the first place. Short documents burned? Yes. Ancient manuscripts? No.
House Bill 1022 (PDF). 4 July 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 November 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2018 – via 17th Philippine House of Representatives.
"Baybayin in Gboard App Now Available". Techmagus. 1 August 2019. Archived from the original on 1 August 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
"Activate and Use Baybayin in Gboard". Techmagus. 1 August 2019. Archived from the original on 1 August 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
"Philippines Unicode Keyboard Layout". Techmagus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2019.