Beta thalassemia (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Beta thalassemia" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

68nih.gov

4^th place

35doi.org

2^nd place

19web.archive.org

1^st place

12books.google.com

3^rd place

4nhs.uk

1,989^th place

1,528^th place

2medscape.com

719^th place

636^th place

2medlineplus.gov

1,581^st place

1,299^th place

2archive.org

6^th place

2hopkinsmedicine.org

5,712^th place

3,986^th place

2england.nhs.uk

low place

2gov.uk

432^nd place

278^th place

2mayoclinic.org

1,610^th place

1,279^th place

2semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

2worldcat.org

5^th place

2fda.gov

447^th place

338^th place

1swbh.nhs.uk

low place

1wales.nhs.uk

low place

1harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

1omim.org

4,380^th place

4,305^th place

1uptodate.com

3,771^st place

2,605^th place

1acog.org

low place

8,531^st place

1hoacny.com

low place

1cdc.gov

218^th place

212^th place

1thalassemia.org

low place

1patient.info

low place

7,180^th place

1clevelandclinic.org

4,925^th place

3,597^th place

1ucsf.edu

5,479^th place

3,911^th place

1science.org

1,160^th place

737^th place

1crisprtx.com

low place

1npr.org

92^nd place

72^nd place

1casgevy.com

low place

1wa.gov

2,121^st place

1,217^th place

1msdmanuals.com

4,047^th place

8,904^th place

1etymonline.com

287^th place

321^st place

1tufts.edu

155^th place

138^th place

1who.int

195^th place

302^nd place

1accessmedicine.com

low place

accessmedicine.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Weatherall DJ (2010). "The Thalassemias: Disorders of Globin Synthesis". In Lichtman MA, Kipps TJ, Seligsohn U, Kaushansky K, Prchal JT (eds.). Williams Hematology (8th ed.). The McGraw-Hill Companies. Archived from the original on 2013-11-04. Retrieved 2012-10-02.

acog.org (Global: low place; English: 8,531^st place)

"Carrier Screening for Hemoglobinopathies: Sickle Cell Disease and Thalassemia". American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. October 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2025.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Lanzkowsky's Manual Of Pediatric Hematology And Oncology 6th Edition ( 2016).
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (2009). Professional Guide to Diseases. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-7899-2. OCLC 175284310.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

McKinney ES, James SR, Murray SS, Nelson K, Ashwill J (2014-04-17). Maternal-Child Nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-0-323-29377-8. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
Goldman L, Schafer AI (2015-04-21). Goldman-Cecil Medicine: Expert Consult — Online. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-0-323-32285-0.
Carton J (2012-02-16). Oxford Handbook of Clinical Pathology. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-162993-8. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
Introduction to Pathology for the Physical Therapist Assistant. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. 2011. ISBN 978-0-7637-9908-3. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
Leonard DG (2007-11-25). Molecular Pathology in Clinical Practice. Springer. ISBN 978-0-387-33227-7. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
Bowen JM, Mazzaferri EL (2012-12-06). Contemporary Internal Medicine: Clinical Case Studies. Springer. ISBN 978-1-4615-6713-4.
National Organization for Rare Disorders (2003). NORD Guide to Rare Disorders. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-3063-1. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
Barton JC, Edwards CQ (2000-01-13). Hemochromatosis: Genetics, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-59380-9. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
Kottke-Marchant K, Davis B (2012). Laboratory Hematology Practice (1st ed.). John Wiley & Sons. p. 569. ISBN 978-1-4443-9857-1.
Pal GK (2005). Textbook Of Practical Physiology (2nd ed.). Orient Blackswan. p. 53. ISBN 978-81-250-2904-5. Retrieved 17 September 2016.
Berg S, Bittner EA (2013-10-16). The MGH Review of Critical Care Medicine. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-1-4511-7368-0.
Abouelmagd A, Ageely HM (2013). Basic Genetics: A Primer Covering Molecular Composition of Genetic Material, Gene Expression and Genetic Engineering, and Mutations and Human Genetic. Universal-Publishers. ISBN 978-1-61233-192-8. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.

casgevy.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Patient Information | CASGEVY® (exagamglogene autotemcel)". www.casgevy.com. Archived from the original on 2 December 2024. Retrieved 2025-01-20.

cdc.gov (Global: 218^th place; English: 212^th place)

CDC (2025-01-02). "Treatment of Thalassemia". Thalassemia. Retrieved 2025-01-15.

clevelandclinic.org (Global: 4,925^th place; English: 3,597^th place)

my.clevelandclinic.org

"Hematopoiesis". Cleveland Clinic. December 12, 2022. Retrieved 6 December 2024.

crisprtx.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

ir.crisprtx.com

"CRISPR Therapeutics Announces U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Approval of CASGEVY™ (exagamglogene autotemcel) for the Treatment of Transfusion-Dependent Beta Thalassemia". CRISPR Therapeutics. 14 Jan 2024. Retrieved 20 January 2025.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Galanello R, Origa R (May 2010). "Beta-thalassemia". Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 5 11. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-5-11. PMC 2893117. PMID 20492708.
Fattoum S (10 November 2009). "Evolution of hemoglobinopathy prevention in Africa: results, problems and prospect". Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases. 1 (1): e2009005. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2009.005. PMC 3033160. PMID 21415987.
Kattamis A, Forni GL, Aydinok Y, Viprakasit V (December 2020). "Changing patterns in the epidemiology of β-thalassemia". European Journal of Haematology. 105 (6): 692–703. doi:10.1111/ejh.13512. PMC 7692954. PMID 32886826.
Kattamis A, Kwiatkowski JL, Aydinok Y (June 2022). "Thalassaemia". Lancet. 399 (10343): 2310–2324. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00536-0. PMID 35691301.
Harteveld CL, Higgs DR (May 2010). "Alpha-thalassaemia". Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 5 (1) 13. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-5-13. PMC 2887799. PMID 20507641.
Rao E, Kumar Chandraker S, Misha Singh M, Kumar R (February 2024). "Global distribution of β-thalassemia mutations: An update". Gene. 896 148022. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2023.148022. PMID 38007159.
Taher AT, Musallam KM, Cappellini MD (February 2021). "β-Thalassemias". The New England Journal of Medicine. 384 (8): 727–743. doi:10.1056/NEJMra2021838. PMID 33626255. S2CID 232049825.
Angoro B, Motshakeri M, Hemmaway C, Svirskis D, Sharma M (June 2022). "Non-transferrin bound iron". Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry. 531: 157–167. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.004. PMID 35398023.
Saliba AN, Musallam KM, Taher AT (September 2023). "How I treat non-transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia". Blood. 142 (11): 949–960. doi:10.1182/blood.2023020683. PMC 10644094. PMID 37478396.
Thein SL (May 2013). "The molecular basis of β-thalassemia". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine. 3 (5) a011700. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a011700. PMC 3633182. PMID 23637309.
Paulson RF, Hariharan S, Little JA (2020-09-01). "Stress erythropoiesis: definitions and models for its study". Experimental Hematology. 89: 43–54.e2. doi:10.1016/j.exphem.2020.07.011. ISSN 0301-472X. PMC 7508762. PMID 32750404.
Khera R, Singh T, Khuana N, Gupta N, Dubey AP (March 2015). "HPLC in characterization of hemoglobin profile in thalassemia syndromes and hemoglobinopathies: a clinicohematological correlation". Indian Journal of Hematology & Blood Transfusion. 31 (1): 110–115. doi:10.1007/s12288-014-0409-x. PMC 4275515. PMID 25548455.
Munkongdee T, Chen P, Winichagoon P, Fucharoen S, Paiboonsukwong K (2020-05-27). "Update in Laboratory Diagnosis of Thalassemia". Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. 7: 74. doi:10.3389/fmolb.2020.00074. PMC 7326097. PMID 32671092.
Hussein N, Henneman L, Kai J, Qureshi N, et al. (Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group) (October 2021). "Preconception risk assessment for thalassaemia, sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis and Tay-Sachs disease". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2021 (10) CD010849. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010849.pub4. PMC 8504980. PMID 34634131.
Leung TN, Lau TK, Chung TK (April 2005). "Thalassaemia screening in pregnancy". Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 17 (2): 129–134. doi:10.1097/01.gco.0000162180.22984.a3. PMID 15758603. S2CID 41877258.
Cousens NE, Gaff CL, Metcalfe SA, Delatycki MB (October 2010). "Carrier screening for beta-thalassaemia: a review of international practice". European Journal of Human Genetics. 18 (10): 1077–1083. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2010.90. PMC 2987452. PMID 20571509.
Samavat A, Modell B (November 2004). "Iranian national thalassaemia screening programme". BMJ. 329 (7475): 1134–1137. doi:10.1136/bmj.329.7475.1134. PMC 527686. PMID 15539666.
Petrou M (January 2010). "Screening for beta thalassaemia". Indian Journal of Human Genetics. 16 (1): 1–5. doi:10.4103/0971-6866.64934. PMC 2927788. PMID 20838484.
Neufeld EJ (2010). "Update on iron chelators in thalassemia". Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program. 2010: 451–455. doi:10.1182/asheducation-2010.1.451. PMID 21239834.
Cappellini MD, Taher AT (January 2021). "The use of luspatercept for thalassemia in adults". Blood Advances. 5 (1): 326–333. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002725. PMC 7805339. PMID 33570654.
Banan M (March 2013). "Hydroxyurea treatment in β-thalassemia patients: to respond or not to respond?". Annals of Hematology. 92 (3): 289–299. doi:10.1007/s00277-012-1671-3. PMID 23318979.
Ansari SH, Lassi ZS, Khowaja SM, Adil SO, Shamsi TS, et al. (Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group) (March 2019). "Hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide) for transfusion-dependent β-thalassaemia". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 3 (3) CD012064. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012064.pub2. PMC 6421980. PMID 30882896.
Bhardwaj A, Swe KM, Sinha NK (May 2023). "Treatment for osteoporosis in people with beta-thalassaemia". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2023 (5) CD010429. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010429.pub3. PMC 10167785. PMID 37159055.
Olson TS, Walters MC (October 2023). "Allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation versus gene therapy for haemoglobinopathies". The Lancet. Haematology. 10 (10): e798 – e800. doi:10.1016/S2352-3026(23)00246-6. PMID 37793770.
Lucarelli G, Isgrò A, Sodani P, Gaziev J (May 2012). "Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in thalassemia and sickle cell anemia". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine. 2 (5) a011825. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a011825. PMC 3331690. PMID 22553502.
Angelucci E, Pilo F, Targhetta C, Pettinau M, Depau C, Cogoni C, et al. (December 2009). "Hematopietic stem cell transplantation in thalassemia and related disorders". Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases. 1 (1): e2009015. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2009.015 (inactive 12 July 2025). PMC 3033161. PMID 21415993.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
Rotin LE, Viswabandya A, Kumar R, Patriquin CJ, Kuo KH (December 2023). "A systematic review comparing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant to gene therapy in sickle cell disease". Hematology. 28 (1) 2163357. doi:10.1080/16078454.2022.2163357. PMID 36728286.
Sodani P, Isgrò A, Gaziev J, Paciaroni K, Marziali M, Simone MD, et al. (June 2011). "T cell-depleted hla-haploidentical stem cell transplantation in thalassemia young patients". Pediatric Reports. 3 Suppl 2 (Suppl 2) e13. doi:10.4081/pr.2011.s2.e13. PMC 3206538. PMID 22053275.
Ribeil JA, Hacein-Bey-Abina S, Payen E, Magnani A, Semeraro M, Magrin E, et al. (March 2017). "Gene Therapy in a Patient with Sickle Cell Disease". The New England Journal of Medicine. 376 (9): 848–855. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1609677. PMID 28249145.
Biffi A (April 2018). "Gene Therapy as a Curative Option for β-Thalassemia". The New England Journal of Medicine. 378 (16): 1551–1552. doi:10.1056/NEJMe1802169. PMID 29669229.
Negre O, Eggimann AV, Beuzard Y, Ribeil JA, Bourget P, Borwornpinyo S, et al. (February 2016). "Gene Therapy of the β-Hemoglobinopathies by Lentiviral Transfer of the β(A(T87Q))-Globin Gene". Human Gene Therapy. 27 (2): 148–165. doi:10.1089/hum.2016.007. PMC 4779296. PMID 26886832.
Khatri G, Sahito AM, Ansari SA (December 2021). "Shared molecular basis, diagnosis, and co-inheritance of alpha and beta thalassemia". Blood Research. 56 (4): 332–333. doi:10.5045/br.2021.2021128. PMC 8721464. PMID 34776416.
Wambua S, Mwacharo J, Uyoga S, Macharia A, Williams TN (April 2006). "Co-inheritance of alpha+-thalassaemia and sickle trait results in specific effects on haematological parameters". British Journal of Haematology. 133 (2): 206–209. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2006.06006.x. PMC 4394356. PMID 16611313.
Torres L, Okumura JV, Silva DG, Bonini-Domingos CR (March 2015). "Hemoglobin D-Punjab: origin, distribution and laboratory diagnosis". Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia. 37 (2): 120–126. doi:10.1016/j.bjhh.2015.02.007. PMC 4382585. PMID 25818823.
Olivieri NF, Muraca GM, O'Donnell A, Premawardhena A, Fisher C, Weatherall DJ (May 2008). "Studies in haemoglobin E beta-thalassaemia". British Journal of Haematology. 141 (3): 388–397. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07126.x. PMID 18410572.

england.nhs.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Clinical commissioning policy: allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) for adult transfusion dependent thalassaemia". NHS England. 2023-11-10. Retrieved 2025-01-18.
"NHS England » Clinical commissioning policy: allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) for adult transfusion dependent thalassaemia". www.england.nhs.uk. 2023-11-10. Retrieved 2025-01-18.

etymonline.com (Global: 287^th place; English: 321^st place)

Harper D. "thalassemia". Online Etymology Dictionary.

fda.gov (Global: 447^th place; English: 338^th place)

"Zynteglo". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 17 August 2022. Archived from the original on 26 August 2022. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
"FDA Approves First Cell-Based Gene Therapy to Treat Adult and Pediatric Patients with Beta-thalassemia Who Require Regular Blood Transfusions". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 17 August 2022. Archived from the original on 21 August 2022. Retrieved 20 August 2022. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

gov.uk (Global: 432^nd place; English: 278^th place)

"MHRA authorises world-first gene therapy that aims to cure sickle-cell disease and transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia". Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) (Press release). 16 November 2023. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
"MHRA authorises world-first gene therapy that aims to cure sickle-cell disease and transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia". Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) (Press release). 16 November 2023. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 8 December 2023.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

sickle.bwh.harvard.edu

"Hemoglobinopathies". Brigham and Women's Hospital. 17 April 2002. Retrieved 2009-02-06.

hoacny.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Treatment of Thalassemias". Hematology-Oncology Associates of CNY. 2018-01-25. Retrieved 2025-01-17.

hopkinsmedicine.org (Global: 5,712^th place; English: 3,986^th place)

"Beta Thalassemia". Johns Hopkins Medicine. Archived from the original on 2025-01-25. Retrieved 2025-02-18.
"Alpha Thalassemia". Johns Hopkins Medicine. 27 January 2025. Retrieved 27 January 2025.

mayoclinic.org (Global: 1,610^th place; English: 1,279^th place)

"Thalassemia-Thalassemia - Symptoms & causes". Mayo Clinic. 17 Nov 2021. Retrieved 2025-01-07.
"Risk Factors". Mayo Clinic. Archived from the original on 20 November 2016. Retrieved 4 April 2017.

medlineplus.gov (Global: 1,581^st place; English: 1,299^th place)

"Beta thalassemia". Genetics Home Reference. Archived from the original on 2015-05-13. Retrieved 2015-05-26.
"Hemoglobin Electrophoresis: MedlinePlus Medical Test". medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 2024-11-20.

medscape.com (Global: 719^th place; English: 636^th place)

emedicine.medscape.com

Advani P. "Beta Thalassemia Treatment & Management". Medscape. Archived from the original on 4 April 2017. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
Pediatric Thalassemia~treatment at eMedicine

msdmanuals.com (Global: 4,047^th place; English: 8,904^th place)

Gerber GF (April 2024). "Hemoglobin S–Beta-Thalassemia Disease - Hematology and Oncology". MSD Manual Professional Edition. Retrieved 2024-12-24.

nhs.uk (Global: 1,989^th place; English: 1,528^th place)

"Thalassaemia - Thalassaemia carriers". National Health Service. 17 October 2022. Retrieved 2025-01-27.
"Newborn blood spot test". National Health Service. 5 September 2024. Retrieved 2024-11-20.
"Thalassaemia - Treatment". nhs.uk. 17 October 2022. Retrieved 2025-01-15.
"Stem cell transplant - What happens". nhs.uk. 2017-10-23. Retrieved 2024-12-07.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Galanello R, Origa R (May 2010). "Beta-thalassemia". Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 5 11. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-5-11. PMC 2893117. PMID 20492708.
Fattoum S (10 November 2009). "Evolution of hemoglobinopathy prevention in Africa: results, problems and prospect". Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases. 1 (1): e2009005. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2009.005. PMC 3033160. PMID 21415987.
Kattamis A, Forni GL, Aydinok Y, Viprakasit V (December 2020). "Changing patterns in the epidemiology of β-thalassemia". European Journal of Haematology. 105 (6): 692–703. doi:10.1111/ejh.13512. PMC 7692954. PMID 32886826.
Bajwa H, Basit H (2025). "Thalassemia". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 31424735. Retrieved 2025-02-18.
Kattamis A, Kwiatkowski JL, Aydinok Y (June 2022). "Thalassaemia". Lancet. 399 (10343): 2310–2324. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00536-0. PMID 35691301.
Langer AL (8 February 2024). "Beta-Thalassemia". In Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM (eds.). GeneReviews®. University of Washington, Seattle. PMID 20301599. Retrieved 2025-02-18.
Harteveld CL, Higgs DR (May 2010). "Alpha-thalassaemia". Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 5 (1) 13. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-5-13. PMC 2887799. PMID 20507641.
Rao E, Kumar Chandraker S, Misha Singh M, Kumar R (February 2024). "Global distribution of β-thalassemia mutations: An update". Gene. 896 148022. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2023.148022. PMID 38007159.
Taher AT, Musallam KM, Cappellini MD (February 2021). "β-Thalassemias". The New England Journal of Medicine. 384 (8): 727–743. doi:10.1056/NEJMra2021838. PMID 33626255. S2CID 232049825.
Angoro B, Motshakeri M, Hemmaway C, Svirskis D, Sharma M (June 2022). "Non-transferrin bound iron". Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry. 531: 157–167. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2022.04.004. PMID 35398023.
Saliba AN, Musallam KM, Taher AT (September 2023). "How I treat non-transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia". Blood. 142 (11): 949–960. doi:10.1182/blood.2023020683. PMC 10644094. PMID 37478396.
Thein SL (May 2013). "The molecular basis of β-thalassemia". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine. 3 (5) a011700. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a011700. PMC 3633182. PMID 23637309.
Paulson RF, Hariharan S, Little JA (2020-09-01). "Stress erythropoiesis: definitions and models for its study". Experimental Hematology. 89: 43–54.e2. doi:10.1016/j.exphem.2020.07.011. ISSN 0301-472X. PMC 7508762. PMID 32750404.
Bajwa H, Basit H (August 2023). "Thalassemia". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 31424735. Retrieved 2025-01-13.
Harewood J, Azevedo AM (4 September 2023). "Alpha Thalassemia". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 28722856. Retrieved 2025-01-13.
Khera R, Singh T, Khuana N, Gupta N, Dubey AP (March 2015). "HPLC in characterization of hemoglobin profile in thalassemia syndromes and hemoglobinopathies: a clinicohematological correlation". Indian Journal of Hematology & Blood Transfusion. 31 (1): 110–115. doi:10.1007/s12288-014-0409-x. PMC 4275515. PMID 25548455.
Munkongdee T, Chen P, Winichagoon P, Fucharoen S, Paiboonsukwong K (2020-05-27). "Update in Laboratory Diagnosis of Thalassemia". Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. 7: 74. doi:10.3389/fmolb.2020.00074. PMC 7326097. PMID 32671092.
Hussein N, Henneman L, Kai J, Qureshi N, et al. (Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group) (October 2021). "Preconception risk assessment for thalassaemia, sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis and Tay-Sachs disease". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2021 (10) CD010849. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010849.pub4. PMC 8504980. PMID 34634131.
Leung TN, Lau TK, Chung TK (April 2005). "Thalassaemia screening in pregnancy". Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 17 (2): 129–134. doi:10.1097/01.gco.0000162180.22984.a3. PMID 15758603. S2CID 41877258.
Cousens NE, Gaff CL, Metcalfe SA, Delatycki MB (October 2010). "Carrier screening for beta-thalassaemia: a review of international practice". European Journal of Human Genetics. 18 (10): 1077–1083. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2010.90. PMC 2987452. PMID 20571509.
Loukopoulos D (October 2011). "Haemoglobinopathies in Greece: prevention programme over the past 35 years". The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 134 (4): 572–576. PMC 3237258. PMID 22089622.
Samavat A, Modell B (November 2004). "Iranian national thalassaemia screening programme". BMJ. 329 (7475): 1134–1137. doi:10.1136/bmj.329.7475.1134. PMC 527686. PMID 15539666.
Petrou M (January 2010). "Screening for beta thalassaemia". Indian Journal of Human Genetics. 16 (1): 1–5. doi:10.4103/0971-6866.64934. PMC 2927788. PMID 20838484.
Neufeld EJ (2010). "Update on iron chelators in thalassemia". Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program. 2010: 451–455. doi:10.1182/asheducation-2010.1.451. PMID 21239834.
Cappellini MD, Taher AT (January 2021). "The use of luspatercept for thalassemia in adults". Blood Advances. 5 (1): 326–333. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002725. PMC 7805339. PMID 33570654.
Banan M (March 2013). "Hydroxyurea treatment in β-thalassemia patients: to respond or not to respond?". Annals of Hematology. 92 (3): 289–299. doi:10.1007/s00277-012-1671-3. PMID 23318979.
Ansari SH, Lassi ZS, Khowaja SM, Adil SO, Shamsi TS, et al. (Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group) (March 2019). "Hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide) for transfusion-dependent β-thalassaemia". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 3 (3) CD012064. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012064.pub2. PMC 6421980. PMID 30882896.
Bhardwaj A, Swe KM, Sinha NK (May 2023). "Treatment for osteoporosis in people with beta-thalassaemia". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2023 (5) CD010429. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010429.pub3. PMC 10167785. PMID 37159055.
Olson TS, Walters MC (October 2023). "Allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation versus gene therapy for haemoglobinopathies". The Lancet. Haematology. 10 (10): e798 – e800. doi:10.1016/S2352-3026(23)00246-6. PMID 37793770.
Lucarelli G, Isgrò A, Sodani P, Gaziev J (May 2012). "Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in thalassemia and sickle cell anemia". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine. 2 (5) a011825. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a011825. PMC 3331690. PMID 22553502.
Angelucci E, Pilo F, Targhetta C, Pettinau M, Depau C, Cogoni C, et al. (December 2009). "Hematopietic stem cell transplantation in thalassemia and related disorders". Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases. 1 (1): e2009015. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2009.015 (inactive 12 July 2025). PMC 3033161. PMID 21415993.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
Rotin LE, Viswabandya A, Kumar R, Patriquin CJ, Kuo KH (December 2023). "A systematic review comparing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant to gene therapy in sickle cell disease". Hematology. 28 (1) 2163357. doi:10.1080/16078454.2022.2163357. PMID 36728286.
Sodani P, Isgrò A, Gaziev J, Paciaroni K, Marziali M, Simone MD, et al. (June 2011). "T cell-depleted hla-haploidentical stem cell transplantation in thalassemia young patients". Pediatric Reports. 3 Suppl 2 (Suppl 2) e13. doi:10.4081/pr.2011.s2.e13. PMC 3206538. PMID 22053275.
Ribeil JA, Hacein-Bey-Abina S, Payen E, Magnani A, Semeraro M, Magrin E, et al. (March 2017). "Gene Therapy in a Patient with Sickle Cell Disease". The New England Journal of Medicine. 376 (9): 848–855. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1609677. PMID 28249145.
Biffi A (April 2018). "Gene Therapy as a Curative Option for β-Thalassemia". The New England Journal of Medicine. 378 (16): 1551–1552. doi:10.1056/NEJMe1802169. PMID 29669229.
Negre O, Eggimann AV, Beuzard Y, Ribeil JA, Bourget P, Borwornpinyo S, et al. (February 2016). "Gene Therapy of the β-Hemoglobinopathies by Lentiviral Transfer of the β(A(T87Q))-Globin Gene". Human Gene Therapy. 27 (2): 148–165. doi:10.1089/hum.2016.007. PMC 4779296. PMID 26886832.
Khatri G, Sahito AM, Ansari SA (December 2021). "Shared molecular basis, diagnosis, and co-inheritance of alpha and beta thalassemia". Blood Research. 56 (4): 332–333. doi:10.5045/br.2021.2021128. PMC 8721464. PMID 34776416.
Wambua S, Mwacharo J, Uyoga S, Macharia A, Williams TN (April 2006). "Co-inheritance of alpha+-thalassaemia and sickle trait results in specific effects on haematological parameters". British Journal of Haematology. 133 (2): 206–209. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2006.06006.x. PMC 4394356. PMID 16611313.
Torres L, Okumura JV, Silva DG, Bonini-Domingos CR (March 2015). "Hemoglobin D-Punjab: origin, distribution and laboratory diagnosis". Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia. 37 (2): 120–126. doi:10.1016/j.bjhh.2015.02.007. PMC 4382585. PMID 25818823.
Olivieri NF, Muraca GM, O'Donnell A, Premawardhena A, Fisher C, Weatherall DJ (May 2008). "Studies in haemoglobin E beta-thalassaemia". British Journal of Haematology. 141 (3): 388–397. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07126.x. PMID 18410572.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Galanello R, Origa R (May 2010). "Beta-thalassemia". Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 5 11. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-5-11. PMC 2893117. PMID 20492708.
Fattoum S (10 November 2009). "Evolution of hemoglobinopathy prevention in Africa: results, problems and prospect". Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases. 1 (1): e2009005. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2009.005. PMC 3033160. PMID 21415987.
Kattamis A, Forni GL, Aydinok Y, Viprakasit V (December 2020). "Changing patterns in the epidemiology of β-thalassemia". European Journal of Haematology. 105 (6): 692–703. doi:10.1111/ejh.13512. PMC 7692954. PMID 32886826.
Bajwa H, Basit H (2025). "Thalassemia". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 31424735. Retrieved 2025-02-18.
Langer AL (8 February 2024). "Beta-Thalassemia". In Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM (eds.). GeneReviews®. University of Washington, Seattle. PMID 20301599. Retrieved 2025-02-18.
Harteveld CL, Higgs DR (May 2010). "Alpha-thalassaemia". Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases. 5 (1) 13. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-5-13. PMC 2887799. PMID 20507641.
Saliba AN, Musallam KM, Taher AT (September 2023). "How I treat non-transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia". Blood. 142 (11): 949–960. doi:10.1182/blood.2023020683. PMC 10644094. PMID 37478396.
Thein SL (May 2013). "The molecular basis of β-thalassemia". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine. 3 (5) a011700. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a011700. PMC 3633182. PMID 23637309.
Paulson RF, Hariharan S, Little JA (2020-09-01). "Stress erythropoiesis: definitions and models for its study". Experimental Hematology. 89: 43–54.e2. doi:10.1016/j.exphem.2020.07.011. ISSN 0301-472X. PMC 7508762. PMID 32750404.
Bajwa H, Basit H (August 2023). "Thalassemia". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 31424735. Retrieved 2025-01-13.
Harewood J, Azevedo AM (4 September 2023). "Alpha Thalassemia". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 28722856. Retrieved 2025-01-13.
Khera R, Singh T, Khuana N, Gupta N, Dubey AP (March 2015). "HPLC in characterization of hemoglobin profile in thalassemia syndromes and hemoglobinopathies: a clinicohematological correlation". Indian Journal of Hematology & Blood Transfusion. 31 (1): 110–115. doi:10.1007/s12288-014-0409-x. PMC 4275515. PMID 25548455.
Munkongdee T, Chen P, Winichagoon P, Fucharoen S, Paiboonsukwong K (2020-05-27). "Update in Laboratory Diagnosis of Thalassemia". Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. 7: 74. doi:10.3389/fmolb.2020.00074. PMC 7326097. PMID 32671092.
Hussein N, Henneman L, Kai J, Qureshi N, et al. (Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group) (October 2021). "Preconception risk assessment for thalassaemia, sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis and Tay-Sachs disease". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2021 (10) CD010849. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010849.pub4. PMC 8504980. PMID 34634131.
Cousens NE, Gaff CL, Metcalfe SA, Delatycki MB (October 2010). "Carrier screening for beta-thalassaemia: a review of international practice". European Journal of Human Genetics. 18 (10): 1077–1083. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2010.90. PMC 2987452. PMID 20571509.
Loukopoulos D (October 2011). "Haemoglobinopathies in Greece: prevention programme over the past 35 years". The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 134 (4): 572–576. PMC 3237258. PMID 22089622.
Samavat A, Modell B (November 2004). "Iranian national thalassaemia screening programme". BMJ. 329 (7475): 1134–1137. doi:10.1136/bmj.329.7475.1134. PMC 527686. PMID 15539666.
Petrou M (January 2010). "Screening for beta thalassaemia". Indian Journal of Human Genetics. 16 (1): 1–5. doi:10.4103/0971-6866.64934. PMC 2927788. PMID 20838484.
Cappellini MD, Taher AT (January 2021). "The use of luspatercept for thalassemia in adults". Blood Advances. 5 (1): 326–333. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002725. PMC 7805339. PMID 33570654.
Ansari SH, Lassi ZS, Khowaja SM, Adil SO, Shamsi TS, et al. (Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group) (March 2019). "Hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide) for transfusion-dependent β-thalassaemia". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 3 (3) CD012064. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012064.pub2. PMC 6421980. PMID 30882896.
Bhardwaj A, Swe KM, Sinha NK (May 2023). "Treatment for osteoporosis in people with beta-thalassaemia". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2023 (5) CD010429. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010429.pub3. PMC 10167785. PMID 37159055.
Lucarelli G, Isgrò A, Sodani P, Gaziev J (May 2012). "Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in thalassemia and sickle cell anemia". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine. 2 (5) a011825. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a011825. PMC 3331690. PMID 22553502.
Angelucci E, Pilo F, Targhetta C, Pettinau M, Depau C, Cogoni C, et al. (December 2009). "Hematopietic stem cell transplantation in thalassemia and related disorders". Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases. 1 (1): e2009015. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2009.015 (inactive 12 July 2025). PMC 3033161. PMID 21415993.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
Sodani P, Isgrò A, Gaziev J, Paciaroni K, Marziali M, Simone MD, et al. (June 2011). "T cell-depleted hla-haploidentical stem cell transplantation in thalassemia young patients". Pediatric Reports. 3 Suppl 2 (Suppl 2) e13. doi:10.4081/pr.2011.s2.e13. PMC 3206538. PMID 22053275.
Negre O, Eggimann AV, Beuzard Y, Ribeil JA, Bourget P, Borwornpinyo S, et al. (February 2016). "Gene Therapy of the β-Hemoglobinopathies by Lentiviral Transfer of the β(A(T87Q))-Globin Gene". Human Gene Therapy. 27 (2): 148–165. doi:10.1089/hum.2016.007. PMC 4779296. PMID 26886832.
Khatri G, Sahito AM, Ansari SA (December 2021). "Shared molecular basis, diagnosis, and co-inheritance of alpha and beta thalassemia". Blood Research. 56 (4): 332–333. doi:10.5045/br.2021.2021128. PMC 8721464. PMID 34776416.
Wambua S, Mwacharo J, Uyoga S, Macharia A, Williams TN (April 2006). "Co-inheritance of alpha+-thalassaemia and sickle trait results in specific effects on haematological parameters". British Journal of Haematology. 133 (2): 206–209. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2006.06006.x. PMC 4394356. PMID 16611313.
Torres L, Okumura JV, Silva DG, Bonini-Domingos CR (March 2015). "Hemoglobin D-Punjab: origin, distribution and laboratory diagnosis". Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia. 37 (2): 120–126. doi:10.1016/j.bjhh.2015.02.007. PMC 4382585. PMID 25818823.

npr.org (Global: 92^nd place; English: 72^nd place)

Stein R (31 October 2023). "FDA advisers see no roadblocks for gene-editing treatment for sickle cell disease". NPR. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.

omim.org (Global: 4,380^th place; English: 4,305^th place)

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): Hemoglobin—Beta Locus; HBB - 141900

patient.info (Global: low place; English: 7,180^th place)

Tidy C (23 Feb 2023). "Thalassaemia". Egton Medical Information Systems Limited. Retrieved 2025-01-16.

science.org (Global: 1,160^th place; English: 737^th place)

Kaiser J (5 December 2020). "CRISPR and another genetic strategy fix cell defects in two common blood disorders". ScienceMag.org. Science. Retrieved 7 December 2020. ... teams report that two strategies for directly fixing malfunctioning blood cells have dramatically improved the health of a handful of people with these genetic diseases.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Taher AT, Musallam KM, Cappellini MD (February 2021). "β-Thalassemias". The New England Journal of Medicine. 384 (8): 727–743. doi:10.1056/NEJMra2021838. PMID 33626255. S2CID 232049825.
Leung TN, Lau TK, Chung TK (April 2005). "Thalassaemia screening in pregnancy". Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 17 (2): 129–134. doi:10.1097/01.gco.0000162180.22984.a3. PMID 15758603. S2CID 41877258.

swbh.nhs.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Endocrine Problems in Thalassemia" (PDF). Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust. January 2016.

thalassemia.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Butler C (16 January 2025). "Transfusion Issues in Thalassemia" (PDF). The Cooley's Anemia Foundation. Retrieved 16 January 2025.

tufts.edu (Global: 155^th place; English: 138^th place)

perseus.tufts.edu

θάλασσα, αἷμα. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project.

ucsf.edu (Global: 5,479^th place; English: 3,911^th place)

Leigh S (2018-05-25). "Baby Born in World's First In Utero Stem Cell Transplant Trial | UC San Francisco". University of California San Francisco. Retrieved 2025-01-20.

uptodate.com (Global: 3,771^st place; English: 2,605^th place)

Ghidini A (19 March 2024). "Fetal blood sampling". UpToDate, Inc. Retrieved 2025-01-13.

wa.gov (Global: 2,121^st place; English: 1,217^th place)

doh.wa.gov

"Hemoglobin C" (PDF). Washington State Department of Health. February 2011.

wales.nhs.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

111.wales.nhs.uk

"Thalassaemia". Wales Ambulance Service NHS Trust. 25 Oct 2023. Retrieved 8 Jan 2025.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Advani P. "Beta Thalassemia Treatment & Management". Medscape. Archived from the original on 4 April 2017. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
"Beta thalassemia". Genetics Home Reference. Archived from the original on 2015-05-13. Retrieved 2015-05-26.
McKinney ES, James SR, Murray SS, Nelson K, Ashwill J (2014-04-17). Maternal-Child Nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-0-323-29377-8. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
"Beta Thalassemia". Johns Hopkins Medicine. Archived from the original on 2025-01-25. Retrieved 2025-02-18.
Carton J (2012-02-16). Oxford Handbook of Clinical Pathology. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-162993-8. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
"MHRA authorises world-first gene therapy that aims to cure sickle-cell disease and transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia". Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) (Press release). 16 November 2023. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
Introduction to Pathology for the Physical Therapist Assistant. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. 2011. ISBN 978-0-7637-9908-3. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
Leonard DG (2007-11-25). Molecular Pathology in Clinical Practice. Springer. ISBN 978-0-387-33227-7. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
National Organization for Rare Disorders (2003). NORD Guide to Rare Disorders. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-3063-1. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
Barton JC, Edwards CQ (2000-01-13). Hemochromatosis: Genetics, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-59380-9. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
"Risk Factors". Mayo Clinic. Archived from the original on 20 November 2016. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
"MHRA authorises world-first gene therapy that aims to cure sickle-cell disease and transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia". Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) (Press release). 16 November 2023. Archived from the original on 25 November 2023. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
"Zynteglo". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 17 August 2022. Archived from the original on 26 August 2022. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
"FDA Approves First Cell-Based Gene Therapy to Treat Adult and Pediatric Patients with Beta-thalassemia Who Require Regular Blood Transfusions". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 17 August 2022. Archived from the original on 21 August 2022. Retrieved 20 August 2022. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Stein R (31 October 2023). "FDA advisers see no roadblocks for gene-editing treatment for sickle cell disease". NPR. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
"Patient Information | CASGEVY® (exagamglogene autotemcel)". www.casgevy.com. Archived from the original on 2 December 2024. Retrieved 2025-01-20.
"WHO | Global epidemiology of haemoglobin disorders and derived service indicators". www.who.int. Archived from the original on October 30, 2011. Retrieved 2015-05-26.
Abouelmagd A, Ageely HM (2013). Basic Genetics: A Primer Covering Molecular Composition of Genetic Material, Gene Expression and Genetic Engineering, and Mutations and Human Genetic. Universal-Publishers. ISBN 978-1-61233-192-8. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
Weatherall DJ (2010). "The Thalassemias: Disorders of Globin Synthesis". In Lichtman MA, Kipps TJ, Seligsohn U, Kaushansky K, Prchal JT (eds.). Williams Hematology (8th ed.). The McGraw-Hill Companies. Archived from the original on 2013-11-04. Retrieved 2012-10-02.

who.int (Global: 195^th place; English: 302^nd place)

"WHO | Global epidemiology of haemoglobin disorders and derived service indicators". www.who.int. Archived from the original on October 30, 2011. Retrieved 2015-05-26.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (2009). Professional Guide to Diseases. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-7899-2. OCLC 175284310.
Paulson RF, Hariharan S, Little JA (2020-09-01). "Stress erythropoiesis: definitions and models for its study". Experimental Hematology. 89: 43–54.e2. doi:10.1016/j.exphem.2020.07.011. ISSN 0301-472X. PMC 7508762. PMID 32750404.

Beta thalassemia (English Wikipedia)

accessmedicine.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

acog.org (Global: low place; English: 8,531st place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

casgevy.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

cdc.gov (Global: 218th place; English: 212th place)

clevelandclinic.org (Global: 4,925th place; English: 3,597th place)

my.clevelandclinic.org

crisprtx.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

ir.crisprtx.com

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

england.nhs.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

etymonline.com (Global: 287th place; English: 321st place)

fda.gov (Global: 447th place; English: 338th place)

gov.uk (Global: 432nd place; English: 278th place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18th place; English: 17th place)

sickle.bwh.harvard.edu

hoacny.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

hopkinsmedicine.org (Global: 5,712th place; English: 3,986th place)

mayoclinic.org (Global: 1,610th place; English: 1,279th place)

medlineplus.gov (Global: 1,581st place; English: 1,299th place)

medscape.com (Global: 719th place; English: 636th place)

emedicine.medscape.com

msdmanuals.com (Global: 4,047th place; English: 8,904th place)

nhs.uk (Global: 1,989th place; English: 1,528th place)

nih.gov (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

npr.org (Global: 92nd place; English: 72nd place)

omim.org (Global: 4,380th place; English: 4,305th place)

patient.info (Global: low place; English: 7,180th place)

science.org (Global: 1,160th place; English: 737th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

swbh.nhs.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

thalassemia.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

tufts.edu (Global: 155th place; English: 138th place)

perseus.tufts.edu

ucsf.edu (Global: 5,479th place; English: 3,911th place)

uptodate.com (Global: 3,771st place; English: 2,605th place)

wa.gov (Global: 2,121st place; English: 1,217th place)

doh.wa.gov

wales.nhs.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

111.wales.nhs.uk

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

who.int (Global: 195th place; English: 302nd place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

search.worldcat.org

acog.org (Global: low place; English: 8,531^st place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

cdc.gov (Global: 218^th place; English: 212^th place)

clevelandclinic.org (Global: 4,925^th place; English: 3,597^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

etymonline.com (Global: 287^th place; English: 321^st place)

fda.gov (Global: 447^th place; English: 338^th place)

gov.uk (Global: 432^nd place; English: 278^th place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

hopkinsmedicine.org (Global: 5,712^th place; English: 3,986^th place)

mayoclinic.org (Global: 1,610^th place; English: 1,279^th place)

medlineplus.gov (Global: 1,581^st place; English: 1,299^th place)

medscape.com (Global: 719^th place; English: 636^th place)

msdmanuals.com (Global: 4,047^th place; English: 8,904^th place)

nhs.uk (Global: 1,989^th place; English: 1,528^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

npr.org (Global: 92^nd place; English: 72^nd place)

omim.org (Global: 4,380^th place; English: 4,305^th place)

patient.info (Global: low place; English: 7,180^th place)

science.org (Global: 1,160^th place; English: 737^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

tufts.edu (Global: 155^th place; English: 138^th place)

ucsf.edu (Global: 5,479^th place; English: 3,911^th place)

uptodate.com (Global: 3,771^st place; English: 2,605^th place)

wa.gov (Global: 2,121^st place; English: 1,217^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

who.int (Global: 195^th place; English: 302^nd place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)