Betel nut chewing (English Wikipedia)

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Song, Han; Wan, Yi; Xu, Yong-Yong (2013). "Betel Quid Chewing Without Tobacco – A Meta-analysis of Carcinogenic and Precarcinogenic Effects". Asia-Pac J Public Health. 27 (2): NP47–NP57. doi:10.1177/1010539513486921. PMID 23666841. S2CID 21395319.
Cirillo, Nicola; Duong, Peter Hung; Er, Wee Teng; Do, Casey Thao Nhi; De Silva, Manikkuwadura Eranda Harshan; Dong, Yining; Cheong, Sok Ching; Sari, Elizabeth Fitriana; McCullough, Michael J.; Zhang, Pangzhen; Prime, Stephen S. (2 May 2022). "Are There Betel Quid Mixtures Less Harmful than Others? A Scoping Review of the Association between Different Betel Quid Ingredients and the Risk of Oral Submucous Fibrosis". Biomolecules. 12 (5): 664. doi:10.3390/biom12050664. ISSN 2218-273X. PMC 9138976. PMID 35625592.
Sari, Elizabeth Fitriana; Prayogo, Grace Puspita; Loo, Yit Tao; Zhang, Pangzhen; McCullough, Michael John; Cirillo, Nicola (1 October 2020). "Distinct phenolic, alkaloid and antioxidant profile in betel quids from four regions of Indonesia". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 16254. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73337-0. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7529777. PMID 33004929.
Gormley, Mark; Creaney, Grant; Schache, Andrew; Ingarfield, Kate; Conway, David I. (11 November 2022). "Reviewing the epidemiology of head and neck cancer: definitions, trends and risk factors". British Dental Journal. 233 (9): 780–786. doi:10.1038/s41415-022-5166-x. ISSN 0007-0610. PMC 9652141. PMID 36369568.
Vidyasagaran, A. L.; Siddiqi, K.; Kanaan, M. (2016). "Use of smokeless tobacco and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis" (PDF). European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 23 (18): 1970–1981. doi:10.1177/2047487316654026. ISSN 2047-4873. PMID 27256827. S2CID 206820997.
Gupta, Ruchika; Gupta, Sanjay; Sharma, Shashi; Sinha, Dhirendra N; Mehrotra, Ravi (1 January 2019). "Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Among Smokeless Tobacco Users: Results of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Data". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 21 (1): 25–31. doi:10.1093/ntr/nty002. ISSN 1469-994X. PMC 6941711. PMID 29325111.
Vidyasagaran, A. L.; Siddiqi, K.; Kanaan, M. (2016). "Use of smokeless tobacco and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis" (PDF). European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 23 (18): 1970–1981. doi:10.1177/2047487316654026. ISSN 2047-4873. PMID 27256827. S2CID 206820997.
Oo, Htun Naing; Myint, Yi Yi; Maung, Chan Nyein; Oo, Phyu Sin; Cheng, Jun; Maruyama, Satoshi; Yamazaki, Manabu; Yagi, Minoru; Sawair, Faleh A.; Saku, Takashi (2011). "Oral cancer in Myanmar: A preliminary survey based on hospital-based cancer registries". Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine. 40 (1): 20–6. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.2010.00938.x. PMID 20819123.
Merchant, AT; Pitiphat, W (2015). "Total, direct, and indirect effects of paan on oral cancer". Cancer Causes Control. 26 (3): 487–91. doi:10.1007/s10552-014-0516-x. PMC 4334743. PMID 25542140.
Niaz, K; Maqbool, F; Khan, F; Bahadar, H; Ismail Hassan, F; Abdollahi, M (2017). "Smokeless tobacco (paan and gutkha) consumption, prevalence, and contribution to oral cancer". Epidemiol Health. 39: e2017009. doi:10.4178/epih.e2017009. PMC 5543298. PMID 28292008.
Warnakulasuriya, S.; Trivedy, C; Peters, TJ (2002). "Areca nut use: An independent risk factor for oral cancer". The BMJ. 324 (7341): 799–800. doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7341.799. PMC 1122751. PMID 11934759.
Dave, Bhavana J.; Trivedi, Amit H.; Adhvatyu, Siddharth G. (1992). "Role of areca nut consumption in the cause of oral cancers. A cytogenetic assessment". Cancer. 70 (5): 1017–23. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19920901)70:5<1017::AID-CNCR2820700502>3.0.CO;2-#. PMID 1515978. S2CID 196365532.
Secretan, Béatrice; Straif, Kurt; Baan, Robert; Grosse, Yann; El Ghissassi, Fatiha; Bouvard, Véronique; Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia; Guha, Neela; et al. (2009). "A review of human carcinogens—Part E: Tobacco, areca nut, alcohol, coal smoke, and salted fish". The Lancet Oncology. 10 (11): 1033–4. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70326-2. PMID 19891056.
Jeng JH, Chang MC, Hahn LJ (September 2001). "Role of areca nut in betel quid-associated chemical carcinogenesis: current awareness and future perspectives". Oral Oncology. 37 (6): 477–492. doi:10.1016/S1368-8375(01)00003-3. PMID 11435174.
Garg A, Chaturvedi P, Gupta PC (January 2014). "A review of the systemic adverse effects of areca nut or betel nut". Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology. 35 (1): 3–9. doi:10.4103/0971-5851.133702. PMC 4080659. PMID 25006276.
Vidyasagaran, A. L.; Siddiqi, K.; Kanaan, M. (2016). "Use of smokeless tobacco and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis" (PDF). European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 23 (18): 1970–1981. doi:10.1177/2047487316654026. ISSN 2047-4873. PMID 27256827. S2CID 206820997.
Senn, M.; Baiwog, F.; Winmai, J.; Mueller, I.; Rogerson, S.; Senn, N. (2009). "Betel nut chewing during pregnancy, Madang province, Papua New Guinea". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 105 (1–2): 126–31. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.06.021. PMID 19665325.
Yang, Mei-Sang; Lee, Chien-Hung; Chang, Shun-Jen; Chung, Tieh-Chi; Tsai, Eing-Mei; Ko, Allen Min-Jen; Ko, Ying-Chin (2008). "The effect of maternal betel quid exposure during pregnancy on adverse birth outcomes among aborigines in Taiwan". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 95 (1–2): 134–9. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.01.003. PMID 18282667.
Sari, Elizabeth Fitriana; Johnson, Newell W.; McCullough, Michael John; Cirillo, Nicola (March 2023). "Global Burden of Disease Data for Indonesia". The Lancet. Global Health. 11 (3): e336. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00004-9. ISSN 2214-109X. PMID 36796975. S2CID 256938140. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
Rajakumar, Hamrish Kumar; Coimbatore Sathyabal, Varsha; Jabarulla, Kolsamma Nasrin; Balamurugesan, Pushpa (1 August 2024). "Development and validation of betel-year: a clinical tool for quantifying exposure to betel quid chewing, utilizing nuclear morphometric analysis and validated by cytomorphological analysis". BMC Cancer. 24 (1): 930. doi:10.1186/s12885-024-12685-w. ISSN 1471-2407. PMC 11293172. PMID 39090612.
Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2013). "The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary: A Work in Progress". Oceanic Linguistics. 52 (2): 493–523. doi:10.1353/ol.2013.0016. S2CID 146739541.

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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Song, Han; Wan, Yi; Xu, Yong-Yong (2013). "Betel Quid Chewing Without Tobacco – A Meta-analysis of Carcinogenic and Precarcinogenic Effects". Asia-Pac J Public Health. 27 (2): NP47–NP57. doi:10.1177/1010539513486921. PMID 23666841. S2CID 21395319.
Cirillo, Nicola; Duong, Peter Hung; Er, Wee Teng; Do, Casey Thao Nhi; De Silva, Manikkuwadura Eranda Harshan; Dong, Yining; Cheong, Sok Ching; Sari, Elizabeth Fitriana; McCullough, Michael J.; Zhang, Pangzhen; Prime, Stephen S. (2 May 2022). "Are There Betel Quid Mixtures Less Harmful than Others? A Scoping Review of the Association between Different Betel Quid Ingredients and the Risk of Oral Submucous Fibrosis". Biomolecules. 12 (5): 664. doi:10.3390/biom12050664. ISSN 2218-273X. PMC 9138976. PMID 35625592.
Sari, Elizabeth Fitriana; Prayogo, Grace Puspita; Loo, Yit Tao; Zhang, Pangzhen; McCullough, Michael John; Cirillo, Nicola (1 October 2020). "Distinct phenolic, alkaloid and antioxidant profile in betel quids from four regions of Indonesia". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 16254. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73337-0. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7529777. PMID 33004929.
Gormley, Mark; Creaney, Grant; Schache, Andrew; Ingarfield, Kate; Conway, David I. (11 November 2022). "Reviewing the epidemiology of head and neck cancer: definitions, trends and risk factors". British Dental Journal. 233 (9): 780–786. doi:10.1038/s41415-022-5166-x. ISSN 0007-0610. PMC 9652141. PMID 36369568.
Vidyasagaran, A. L.; Siddiqi, K.; Kanaan, M. (2016). "Use of smokeless tobacco and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis" (PDF). European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 23 (18): 1970–1981. doi:10.1177/2047487316654026. ISSN 2047-4873. PMID 27256827. S2CID 206820997.
Gupta, Ruchika; Gupta, Sanjay; Sharma, Shashi; Sinha, Dhirendra N; Mehrotra, Ravi (1 January 2019). "Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Among Smokeless Tobacco Users: Results of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Data". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 21 (1): 25–31. doi:10.1093/ntr/nty002. ISSN 1469-994X. PMC 6941711. PMID 29325111.
Vidyasagaran, A. L.; Siddiqi, K.; Kanaan, M. (2016). "Use of smokeless tobacco and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis" (PDF). European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 23 (18): 1970–1981. doi:10.1177/2047487316654026. ISSN 2047-4873. PMID 27256827. S2CID 206820997.
Paulino, Yvette C.; Novotny, Rachel; Miller, Mary Jane; Murphy, Suzanne P. (March 2011). "Areca (Betel) Nut Chewing Practices in Micronesian Populations". Hawaii Journal of Public Health. 3 (1): 19–29. PMC 4322768. PMID 25678943.
Oo, Htun Naing; Myint, Yi Yi; Maung, Chan Nyein; Oo, Phyu Sin; Cheng, Jun; Maruyama, Satoshi; Yamazaki, Manabu; Yagi, Minoru; Sawair, Faleh A.; Saku, Takashi (2011). "Oral cancer in Myanmar: A preliminary survey based on hospital-based cancer registries". Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine. 40 (1): 20–6. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.2010.00938.x. PMID 20819123.
Merchant, AT; Pitiphat, W (2015). "Total, direct, and indirect effects of paan on oral cancer". Cancer Causes Control. 26 (3): 487–91. doi:10.1007/s10552-014-0516-x. PMC 4334743. PMID 25542140.
Niaz, K; Maqbool, F; Khan, F; Bahadar, H; Ismail Hassan, F; Abdollahi, M (2017). "Smokeless tobacco (paan and gutkha) consumption, prevalence, and contribution to oral cancer". Epidemiol Health. 39: e2017009. doi:10.4178/epih.e2017009. PMC 5543298. PMID 28292008.
Warnakulasuriya, S.; Trivedy, C; Peters, TJ (2002). "Areca nut use: An independent risk factor for oral cancer". The BMJ. 324 (7341): 799–800. doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7341.799. PMC 1122751. PMID 11934759.
Dave, Bhavana J.; Trivedi, Amit H.; Adhvatyu, Siddharth G. (1992). "Role of areca nut consumption in the cause of oral cancers. A cytogenetic assessment". Cancer. 70 (5): 1017–23. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19920901)70:5<1017::AID-CNCR2820700502>3.0.CO;2-#. PMID 1515978. S2CID 196365532.
Secretan, Béatrice; Straif, Kurt; Baan, Robert; Grosse, Yann; El Ghissassi, Fatiha; Bouvard, Véronique; Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia; Guha, Neela; et al. (2009). "A review of human carcinogens—Part E: Tobacco, areca nut, alcohol, coal smoke, and salted fish". The Lancet Oncology. 10 (11): 1033–4. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70326-2. PMID 19891056.
Jeng JH, Chang MC, Hahn LJ (September 2001). "Role of areca nut in betel quid-associated chemical carcinogenesis: current awareness and future perspectives". Oral Oncology. 37 (6): 477–492. doi:10.1016/S1368-8375(01)00003-3. PMID 11435174.
Garg A, Chaturvedi P, Gupta PC (January 2014). "A review of the systemic adverse effects of areca nut or betel nut". Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology. 35 (1): 3–9. doi:10.4103/0971-5851.133702. PMC 4080659. PMID 25006276.
Vidyasagaran, A. L.; Siddiqi, K.; Kanaan, M. (2016). "Use of smokeless tobacco and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis" (PDF). European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 23 (18): 1970–1981. doi:10.1177/2047487316654026. ISSN 2047-4873. PMID 27256827. S2CID 206820997.
Senn, M.; Baiwog, F.; Winmai, J.; Mueller, I.; Rogerson, S.; Senn, N. (2009). "Betel nut chewing during pregnancy, Madang province, Papua New Guinea". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 105 (1–2): 126–31. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.06.021. PMID 19665325.
Yang, Mei-Sang; Lee, Chien-Hung; Chang, Shun-Jen; Chung, Tieh-Chi; Tsai, Eing-Mei; Ko, Allen Min-Jen; Ko, Ying-Chin (2008). "The effect of maternal betel quid exposure during pregnancy on adverse birth outcomes among aborigines in Taiwan". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 95 (1–2): 134–9. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.01.003. PMID 18282667.
Sari, Elizabeth Fitriana; Johnson, Newell W.; McCullough, Michael John; Cirillo, Nicola (March 2023). "Global Burden of Disease Data for Indonesia". The Lancet. Global Health. 11 (3): e336. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00004-9. ISSN 2214-109X. PMID 36796975. S2CID 256938140. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
Rajakumar, Hamrish Kumar; Coimbatore Sathyabal, Varsha; Jabarulla, Kolsamma Nasrin; Balamurugesan, Pushpa (1 August 2024). "Development and validation of betel-year: a clinical tool for quantifying exposure to betel quid chewing, utilizing nuclear morphometric analysis and validated by cytomorphological analysis". BMC Cancer. 24 (1): 930. doi:10.1186/s12885-024-12685-w. ISSN 1471-2407. PMC 11293172. PMID 39090612.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Cirillo, Nicola; Duong, Peter Hung; Er, Wee Teng; Do, Casey Thao Nhi; De Silva, Manikkuwadura Eranda Harshan; Dong, Yining; Cheong, Sok Ching; Sari, Elizabeth Fitriana; McCullough, Michael J.; Zhang, Pangzhen; Prime, Stephen S. (2 May 2022). "Are There Betel Quid Mixtures Less Harmful than Others? A Scoping Review of the Association between Different Betel Quid Ingredients and the Risk of Oral Submucous Fibrosis". Biomolecules. 12 (5): 664. doi:10.3390/biom12050664. ISSN 2218-273X. PMC 9138976. PMID 35625592.
Sari, Elizabeth Fitriana; Prayogo, Grace Puspita; Loo, Yit Tao; Zhang, Pangzhen; McCullough, Michael John; Cirillo, Nicola (1 October 2020). "Distinct phenolic, alkaloid and antioxidant profile in betel quids from four regions of Indonesia". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 16254. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73337-0. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7529777. PMID 33004929.
Gormley, Mark; Creaney, Grant; Schache, Andrew; Ingarfield, Kate; Conway, David I. (11 November 2022). "Reviewing the epidemiology of head and neck cancer: definitions, trends and risk factors". British Dental Journal. 233 (9): 780–786. doi:10.1038/s41415-022-5166-x. ISSN 0007-0610. PMC 9652141. PMID 36369568.
Gupta, Ruchika; Gupta, Sanjay; Sharma, Shashi; Sinha, Dhirendra N; Mehrotra, Ravi (1 January 2019). "Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Among Smokeless Tobacco Users: Results of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Data". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 21 (1): 25–31. doi:10.1093/ntr/nty002. ISSN 1469-994X. PMC 6941711. PMID 29325111.
Paulino, Yvette C.; Novotny, Rachel; Miller, Mary Jane; Murphy, Suzanne P. (March 2011). "Areca (Betel) Nut Chewing Practices in Micronesian Populations". Hawaii Journal of Public Health. 3 (1): 19–29. PMC 4322768. PMID 25678943.
Merchant, AT; Pitiphat, W (2015). "Total, direct, and indirect effects of paan on oral cancer". Cancer Causes Control. 26 (3): 487–91. doi:10.1007/s10552-014-0516-x. PMC 4334743. PMID 25542140.
Niaz, K; Maqbool, F; Khan, F; Bahadar, H; Ismail Hassan, F; Abdollahi, M (2017). "Smokeless tobacco (paan and gutkha) consumption, prevalence, and contribution to oral cancer". Epidemiol Health. 39: e2017009. doi:10.4178/epih.e2017009. PMC 5543298. PMID 28292008.
Warnakulasuriya, S.; Trivedy, C; Peters, TJ (2002). "Areca nut use: An independent risk factor for oral cancer". The BMJ. 324 (7341): 799–800. doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7341.799. PMC 1122751. PMID 11934759.
Garg A, Chaturvedi P, Gupta PC (January 2014). "A review of the systemic adverse effects of areca nut or betel nut". Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology. 35 (1): 3–9. doi:10.4103/0971-5851.133702. PMC 4080659. PMID 25006276.
Rajakumar, Hamrish Kumar; Coimbatore Sathyabal, Varsha; Jabarulla, Kolsamma Nasrin; Balamurugesan, Pushpa (1 August 2024). "Development and validation of betel-year: a clinical tool for quantifying exposure to betel quid chewing, utilizing nuclear morphometric analysis and validated by cytomorphological analysis". BMC Cancer. 24 (1): 930. doi:10.1186/s12885-024-12685-w. ISSN 1471-2407. PMC 11293172. PMID 39090612.

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academic.oup.com

Gupta, Ruchika; Gupta, Sanjay; Sharma, Shashi; Sinha, Dhirendra N; Mehrotra, Ravi (1 January 2019). "Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Among Smokeless Tobacco Users: Results of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Data". Nicotine & Tobacco Research. 21 (1): 25–31. doi:10.1093/ntr/nty002. ISSN 1469-994X. PMC 6941711. PMID 29325111.

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publichealthlawcenter.org

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researchgate.net

Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2013). "The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary: A Work in Progress". Oceanic Linguistics. 52 (2): 493–523. doi:10.1353/ol.2013.0016. S2CID 146739541.

rug.nl

ugp.rug.nl

Zumbroich, Thomas J. (2007–2008). "The origin and diffusion of betel chewing: a synthesis of evidence from South Asia, Southeast Asia and beyond". eJournal of Indian Medicine. 1: 87–140. Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 22 January 2019.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Song, Han; Wan, Yi; Xu, Yong-Yong (2013). "Betel Quid Chewing Without Tobacco – A Meta-analysis of Carcinogenic and Precarcinogenic Effects". Asia-Pac J Public Health. 27 (2): NP47–NP57. doi:10.1177/1010539513486921. PMID 23666841. S2CID 21395319.
Vidyasagaran, A. L.; Siddiqi, K.; Kanaan, M. (2016). "Use of smokeless tobacco and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis" (PDF). European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 23 (18): 1970–1981. doi:10.1177/2047487316654026. ISSN 2047-4873. PMID 27256827. S2CID 206820997.
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Vidyasagaran, A. L.; Siddiqi, K.; Kanaan, M. (2016). "Use of smokeless tobacco and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis" (PDF). European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 23 (18): 1970–1981. doi:10.1177/2047487316654026. ISSN 2047-4873. PMID 27256827. S2CID 206820997.
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Vidyasagaran, A. L.; Siddiqi, K.; Kanaan, M. (2016). "Use of smokeless tobacco and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis" (PDF). European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. 23 (18): 1970–1981. doi:10.1177/2047487316654026. ISSN 2047-4873. PMID 27256827. S2CID 206820997.

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