Billy Hughes (English Wikipedia)

"100 Years: The Australia Story. Episode 2: Rise and Fall of White Australia". Australian Broadcasting Commission. 21 March 2001. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2007.
"Australia's last brick of nationhood". ABC News. 7 December 2010. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
"Rewind: ABC TV". Abc.net.au. Archived from the original on 29 May 2008. Retrieved 16 April 2010.

anu.edu.au (Global: 514^th place; English: 281^st place)

adb.anu.edu.au

Fitzhardinge, L.F. "Hughes, William Morris (Billy) (1862–1952)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 5 August 2022.

aph.gov.au (Global: 1,741^st place; English: 826^th place)

parlinfo.aph.gov.au

"Plebiscite results, 28 October 1916". Parliamentary Handbook. Parliament of Australia. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2010.
Biography for TUDOR, the Hon. Frank Gwynne, Biographies, Parliamentary Library, Parliament of Australia. Retrieved 22 November 2020, from https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22handbook%2Fallmps%2FKWL%22

aph.gov.au

"Australian Web Archive". webarchive.nla.gov.au. 23 August 2006. Archived from the original on 13 September 2004. Retrieved 22 April 2013.

aspistrategist.org.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

"1919: The triumph of Billy Hughes". ASPI. 24 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2023.

australiangeographic.com.au (Global: 9,719^th place; English: 6,391^st place)

McGregor, Alasdair (9 December 2019). "Flying far: The largely forgotten 1919 England to Australia Air Race". Australian Geographic.

australianstamp.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Australian postage stamp". Australian Stamp and Coin Company. Archived from the original on 13 February 2010. Retrieved 10 February 2010.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Lloyd George 1938, pp. 194–196. Lloyd George, David (1938). The Truth about the Peace Treaties. V. Gollancz.
Compare: Tink, Andrew (2014). "9: A land fit for heroes ?". Australia 1901 – 2001: A narrative history. Sydney: NewSouth Publishing. ISBN 9781742241876. Archived from the original on 20 February 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2017. At one point, Wilson reminded the Australian leader that he spoke for only a few million people. 'I speak for 60 000 dead', Hughes shot back. 'How many do you speak for?'
Lloyd George 1938, p. 542. Lloyd George, David (1938). The Truth about the Peace Treaties. V. Gollancz.
Lloyd George 1938, pp. 543–546. Lloyd George, David (1938). The Truth about the Peace Treaties. V. Gollancz.
Xu, Guoqi (2017). "7: The Japanese Dream of Racial Equality". Asia and the Great War: A Shared History. The Greater War. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 201. ISBN 9780191632723. Archived from the original on 20 February 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2017. The usually reserved Wilson even described Hughes as 'a pestiferous varmint.'
Lloyd George 1938, p. 473. Lloyd George, David (1938). The Truth about the Peace Treaties. V. Gollancz.
Lloyd George 1938, p. 477. Lloyd George, David (1938). The Truth about the Peace Treaties. V. Gollancz.
Lloyd George 1938, p. 636. Lloyd George, David (1938). The Truth about the Peace Treaties. V. Gollancz.
Carl Bridge, William Hughes: Australia. Retrieved 24 October 2019.

canadabayheritage.asn.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Great Air Race of 1919". City of Canada Bay Heritage Society. 16 December 2019. Archived from the original on 29 June 2022. Retrieved 10 July 2022.

filmink.com.au (Global: 1,821^st place; English: 774^th place)

Vagg, Stephen (12 October 2025). "Forgotten Australian Films: Smithy". Filmink. Retrieved 12 October 2025.

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greatairrace.com.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

2018 Great Air Race (2019). "The 1919 Great Air Race". 2018 Great Air Race. Archived from the original on 9 March 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

gutenberg.net.au (Global: 7,054^th place; English: 4,223^rd place)

"Ronald Munro Ferguson". Dictionary of Australian Biography. Archived from the original on 26 July 2015. Retrieved 5 October 2010.

moadoph.gov.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

electionspeeches.moadoph.gov.au

"Election Speeches · Billy Hughes, 1919 · Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House". electionspeeches.moadoph.gov.au. Retrieved 15 February 2024.

naa.gov.au (Global: 4,840^th place; English: 2,554^th place)

primeministers.naa.gov.au

"In office – Joseph Lyons – Australia's PMs – Australia's Prime Ministers". Primeministers.naa.gov.au. Archived from the original on 26 September 2011. Retrieved 4 November 2011.
"In office – Arthur Fadden". Primeministers.naa.gov.au. Archived from the original on 24 August 2011. Retrieved 4 November 2011.

naa.gov.au

"William Hughes: before office".

nla.gov.au (Global: 112^th place; English: 56^th place)

trove.nla.gov.au

"AVIATION DEVELOPMENT:Commonwealth Government offers £10,000". The Age. 20 March 1919. p. 6. Retrieved 10 July 2022 – via Trove: National Library of Australia.
NEW GOVERNMENT (Cont.) Archived 3 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine, The Sydney Morning Herald, 9 October 1941.
Mr. Hughes Replaces Mr. Menzies Archived 3 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Launceston Examiner, 9 October 1941.
"U.A.P. EXPELS MR. HUGHES". The Sydney Morning Herald. 15 April 1944. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
"Hughes and Spender Join Liberals". The Sydney Morning Herald. 14 September 1945. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
"Mr. HUGHES GIVEN BIRTHDAY DINNER". The Sydney Morning Herald. 26 September 1952. Archived from the original on 20 September 2018. Retrieved 19 September 2018.

nla.gov.au

"HONOURING THE STATES". The Sydney Morning Herald. No. 23, 454. New South Wales, Australia. 13 March 1913. p. 10. Retrieved 26 October 2017 – via Trove.
MR. HUGHES AND THE LABOR PARTY (16 September 1916). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 – 1954), p. 11. Retrieved 22 November 2020, from https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article155158739
THE FEDERAL CRISIS (15 November 1916). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 – 1954), p. 7. Retrieved 22 November 2020, from https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article155059469
"Family Notices". The Sydney Morning Herald. No. 35, 836. New South Wales, Australia. 29 October 1952. p. 24 – via Trove.
"Death of Dame Mary Hughes". The Canberra Times. Vol. 31, no. 9, 445. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 3 April 1958. p. 2 – via Trove.

webarchive.nla.gov.au

"Australian Web Archive". webarchive.nla.gov.au. 23 August 2006. Archived from the original on 13 September 2004. Retrieved 22 April 2013.

nsw.gov.au (Global: 233^rd place; English: 113^th place)

parliament.nsw.gov.au

"Mr William Morris Hughes (1862–1952)". Former members of the Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 11 May 2019.

pmc.gov.au (Global: 2,436^th place; English: 1,276^th place)

honours.pmc.gov.au

"It's an Honour". Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 4 January 2012.

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"The Men Who Established Qantas". Qantas. Archived from the original on 27 June 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2022.

smh.com.au (Global: 154^th place; English: 94^th place)

Sydney Morning Herald, 1952: farewell to the "Little Digger"

theaustralian.com.au (Global: 957^th place; English: 505^th place)

"1917: the most terrible year in Australia's history". The Australian. 24 April 2020. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
O'Brien, Amanda (6 May 2009). "Tuckey refuses to stand aside for younger candidate". The Australian. Retrieved 24 June 2010. Billy Hughes who, at 90, was the country's oldest serving MP before he died in 1952

time.com (Global: 84^th place; English: 63^rd place)

content.time.com

"Australia: The Little Digger". Time. 10 November 1952. Retrieved 24 September 2020.

vicnet.net.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

"A brief history of the society and its purpose". Proportional Representation Society of Australia. Archived from the original on 4 December 2008. Retrieved 22 April 2007.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Plebiscite results, 28 October 1916". Parliamentary Handbook. Parliament of Australia. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2010.
"Ronald Munro Ferguson". Dictionary of Australian Biography. Archived from the original on 26 July 2015. Retrieved 5 October 2010.
"A brief history of the society and its purpose". Proportional Representation Society of Australia. Archived from the original on 4 December 2008. Retrieved 22 April 2007.
"The Great Air Race of 1919". City of Canada Bay Heritage Society. 16 December 2019. Archived from the original on 29 June 2022. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
2018 Great Air Race (2019). "The 1919 Great Air Race". 2018 Great Air Race. Archived from the original on 9 March 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
"Oldest Airlines in the World That Are Still Operating". World Atlas. Archived from the original on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
"The Men Who Established Qantas". Qantas. Archived from the original on 27 June 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
Compare: Tink, Andrew (2014). "9: A land fit for heroes ?". Australia 1901 – 2001: A narrative history. Sydney: NewSouth Publishing. ISBN 9781742241876. Archived from the original on 20 February 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2017. At one point, Wilson reminded the Australian leader that he spoke for only a few million people. 'I speak for 60 000 dead', Hughes shot back. 'How many do you speak for?'
Xu, Guoqi (2017). "7: The Japanese Dream of Racial Equality". Asia and the Great War: A Shared History. The Greater War. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 201. ISBN 9780191632723. Archived from the original on 20 February 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2017. The usually reserved Wilson even described Hughes as 'a pestiferous varmint.'
"100 Years: The Australia Story. Episode 2: Rise and Fall of White Australia". Australian Broadcasting Commission. 21 March 2001. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2007.
"In office – Joseph Lyons – Australia's PMs – Australia's Prime Ministers". Primeministers.naa.gov.au. Archived from the original on 26 September 2011. Retrieved 4 November 2011.
"In office – Arthur Fadden". Primeministers.naa.gov.au. Archived from the original on 24 August 2011. Retrieved 4 November 2011.
NEW GOVERNMENT (Cont.) Archived 3 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine, The Sydney Morning Herald, 9 October 1941.
Mr. Hughes Replaces Mr. Menzies Archived 3 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Launceston Examiner, 9 October 1941.
"U.A.P. EXPELS MR. HUGHES". The Sydney Morning Herald. 15 April 1944. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
"Hughes and Spender Join Liberals". The Sydney Morning Herald. 14 September 1945. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
"Mr. HUGHES GIVEN BIRTHDAY DINNER". The Sydney Morning Herald. 26 September 1952. Archived from the original on 20 September 2018. Retrieved 19 September 2018.
"Rewind: ABC TV". Abc.net.au. Archived from the original on 29 May 2008. Retrieved 16 April 2010.
"It's an Honour". Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 4 January 2012.
Hughes Park Lane Cove Lane Cove Council
"Australian postage stamp". Australian Stamp and Coin Company. Archived from the original on 13 February 2010. Retrieved 10 February 2010.

worldatlas.com (Global: 2,266^th place; English: 2,297^th place)

"Oldest Airlines in the World That Are Still Operating". World Atlas. Archived from the original on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 10 July 2022.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Fitzhardinge, L.F. "Hughes, William Morris (Billy) (1862–1952)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 5 August 2022.

Billy Hughes (English Wikipedia)

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