Binary black hole (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Binary black hole" in English language version.

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30doi.org

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1black-holes.org

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aps.org (Global: 1,503^rd place; English: 1,378^th place)

link.aps.org

Abadie, J.; Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abernathy, M.; Accadia, T.; Acernese, F.; Adams, C.; Adhikari, R.; Ajith, P.; Allen, B.; Allen, G. S.; Amador Ceron, E.; Amin, R. S.; Anderson, S. B.; Anderson, W. G.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2011-06-06). "Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown". Physical Review D. 83 (12) 122005. arXiv:1102.3781. Bibcode:2011PhRvD..83l2005A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.83.122005. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 174250.

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

Pretorius, Frans (2005). "Evolution of Binary Black-Hole Spacetimes". Physical Review Letters. 95 (12) 121101. arXiv:gr-qc/0507014. Bibcode:2005PhRvL..95l1101P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.121101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16197061. S2CID 24225193.
Campanelli, M.; Lousto, C. O.; Marronetti, P.; Zlochower, Y. (2006). "Accurate Evolutions of Orbiting Black-Hole Binaries without Excision". Physical Review Letters. 96 (11) 111101. arXiv:gr-qc/0511048. Bibcode:2006PhRvL..96k1101C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.111101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16605808. S2CID 5954627.
Baker, John G.; Centrella, Joan; Choi, Dae-Il; Koppitz, Michael; van Meter, James (2006). "Gravitational-Wave Extraction from an Inspiraling Configuration of Merging Black Holes". Physical Review Letters. 96 (11) 111102. arXiv:gr-qc/0511103. Bibcode:2006PhRvL..96k1102B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.111102. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16605809. S2CID 23409406.
Abadie, J.; Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abernathy, M.; Accadia, T.; Acernese, F.; Adams, C.; Adhikari, R.; Ajith, P.; Allen, B.; Allen, G. S.; Amador Ceron, E.; Amin, R. S.; Anderson, S. B.; Anderson, W. G.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2011-06-06). "Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown". Physical Review D. 83 (12) 122005. arXiv:1102.3781. Bibcode:2011PhRvD..83l2005A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.83.122005. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 174250.
Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Abernathy, M. R.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adams, T.; Addesso, P.; Adhikari, R. X.; Adya, V. B.; Affeldt, C.; Agathos, M.; Agatsuma, K.; Aggarwal, N.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2016-02-11). "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger". Physical Review Letters. 116 (6) 061102. arXiv:1602.03837. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116f1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 26918975. S2CID 124959784.
Komossa, S.; Burwitz, V.; Hasinger, G.; Predehl, P.; Kaastra, J. S.; Ikebe, Y. (2003-01-01). "Discovery of a Binary Active Galactic Nucleus in the Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxy NGC 6240 Using Chandra". The Astrophysical Journal. 582 (1). The American Astronomical Society: L15 – L19. arXiv:astro-ph/0212099. Bibcode:2003ApJ...582L..15K. doi:10.1086/346145. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 16697327.
Zhou, Hongyan; Wang, Tinggui; Zhang, Xueguang; Dong, Xiaobo; Li, Cheng (2004-03-20). "Obscured Binary Quasar Cores in SDSS J104807.74+005543.5?". The Astrophysical Journal. 604 (1). The American Astronomical Society: L33 – L36. arXiv:astro-ph/0411167. Bibcode:2004ApJ...604L..33Z. doi:10.1086/383310. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 14297940.
Gerke, Brian F.; Newman, Jeffrey A.; Lotz, Jennifer; Yan, Renbin; Barmby, P.; Coil, Alison L.; Conselice, Christopher J.; Ivison, R. J.; Lin, Lihwai; Koo, David C.; Nandra, Kirpal; Salim, Samir; Small, Todd; Weiner, Benjamin J.; Cooper, Michael C.; Davis, Marc; Faber, S. M.; Guhathakurta, Puragra; et al. (6 April 2007). "The DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey: AEGIS Observations of a Dual AGN at z = 0.7". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 660 (1): L23 – L26. arXiv:astro-ph/0608380. Bibcode:2007ApJ...660L..23G. doi:10.1086/517968. S2CID 14320681.
Valtonen, M. J.; Mikkola, S.; Merritt, D.; Gopakumar, A.; Lehto, H. J.; Hyvönen, T.; Rampadarath, H.; Saunders, R.; Basta, M.; Hudec, R. (2010-02-01). "Measuring the Spin of the Primary Black Hole in OJ287". The Astrophysical Journal. 709 (2): 725–732. arXiv:0912.1209. Bibcode:2010ApJ...709..725V. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/709/2/725. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119276181.
Pesce, D. W.; Seth, A. C.; Greene, J. E.; Braatz, J. A.; Condon, J. J.; Kent, B. R.; Krajnović, D. (March 2021). "A Restless Supermassive Black Hole in the Galaxy J0437+2456". Astrophysical Journal. 909 (2): 141–153. arXiv:2101.07932. Bibcode:2021ApJ...909..141P. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abde3d. S2CID 231648121.
Graham, Matthew J.; Djorgovski, S. G.; Stern, Daniel; Glikman, Eilat; Drake, Andrew J.; Mahabal, Ashish A.; Donalek, Ciro; Larson, Steve; Christensen, Eric (7 January 2015). "A possible close supermassive black-hole binary in a quasar with optical periodicity". Nature. 518 (7537): 74–6. arXiv:1501.01375. Bibcode:2015Natur.518...74G. doi:10.1038/nature14143. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 25561176. S2CID 4459433.
D'Orazio, Daniel J.; Haiman, Zoltán; Schiminovich, David (17 September 2015). "Relativistic boost as the cause of periodicity in a massive black-hole binary candidate". Nature. 525 (7569): 351–353. arXiv:1509.04301. Bibcode:2015Natur.525..351D. doi:10.1038/nature15262. PMID 26381982. S2CID 205245606.
Milosavljević, Miloš; Merritt, David (October 2003). "The Final Parsec Problem" (PDF). AIP Conference Proceedings. 686 (1). American Institute of Physics: 201–210. arXiv:astro-ph/0212270. Bibcode:2003AIPC..686..201M. doi:10.1063/1.1629432. S2CID 12124842.
Alonso-Álvarez, Gonzalo; Cline, James M.; Dewar, Caitlyn (9 July 2024). "Self-Interacting Dark Matter Solves the Final Parsec Problem of Supermassive Black Hole Mergers". Physical Review Letters. 133 (2) 021401. arXiv:2401.14450. Bibcode:2024PhRvL.133b1401A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.021401. PMID 39073950. For collisionless cold DM, the friction deposits so much energy that the spike is disrupted and cannot bridge the final parsec, while for self-interacting DM, the isothermal core of the halo can act as a reservoir for the energy liberated from the SMBH orbits.
Ryu, Taeho; Perna, Rosalba; Haiman, Zoltán; Ostriker, Jeremiah P.; Stone, Nicholas C. (2018). "Interactions between multiple supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei: a solution to the final parsec problem". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 473 (3): 3410–3433. arXiv:1709.06501. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.473.3410R. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2524. S2CID 119083047.
Iwasawa, Masaki; Funato, Yoko; Makino, Junichiro (2006). "Evolution of Massive Blackhole Triples I – Equal-mass binary–single systems". Astrophys. J. 651 (2): 1059–1067. arXiv:astro-ph/0511391. Bibcode:2006ApJ...651.1059I. doi:10.1086/507473. S2CID 14816623. We found that in most cases two of the three BHs merge through gravitational wave (GW) radiation in the timescale much shorter than the Hubble time, before ejecting one BH through a slingshot.
Ori, Amos; Thorne, Kip S. (28 November 2000). "Transition from inspiral to plunge for a compact body in a circular equatorial orbit around a massive, spinning black hole". Physical Review D. 62 (12) 124022. arXiv:gr-qc/0003032. Bibcode:2000PhRvD..62l4022O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.62.124022.
Abbott, Benjamin P.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (11 February 2016). "Properties of the binary black hole merger GW150914". Physical Review Letters. 116 (24) 241102. arXiv:1602.03840. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116x1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.241102. PMID 27367378. S2CID 217406416.
Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Abernathy, M. R.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adams, T.; Addesso, P.; Adhikari, R. X.; Adya, V. B.; Affeldt, C.; Agathos, M.; Agatsuma, K.; Aggarwal, N.; et al. (The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and The Virgo Collaboration) (2016-10-21). "Improved Analysis of GW150914 Using a Fully Spin-Precessing Waveform Model". Physical Review X. 6 (4) 041014. arXiv:1606.01210. Bibcode:2016PhRvX...6d1014A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.6.041014. ISSN 2160-3308. S2CID 18217435.
Nichols, David A.; Chen, Yanbei (2012). "Hybrid method for understanding black-hole mergers: Inspiralling case". Physical Review D. 85 (4) 044035. arXiv:1109.0081. Bibcode:2012PhRvD..85d4035N. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.85.044035. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 30890236.
Damour, Thibault; Nagar, Alessandro; Pollney, Denis; Reisswig, Christian (2012). "Energy Versus Angular Momentum in Black Hole Binaries". Physical Review Letters. 108 (13) 131101. arXiv:1110.2938. Bibcode:2012PhRvL.108m1101D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.131101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 22540688.
Cohen, Michael I.; Kaplan, Jeffrey D.; Scheel, Mark A. (2012). "Toroidal horizons in binary black hole inspirals". Physical Review D. 85 (2) 024031. arXiv:1110.1668. Bibcode:2012PhRvD..85b4031C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.85.024031. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 37654897.
Campanelli, Manuela; Lousto, Carlos; Zlochower, Yosef; Merritt, David (7 June 2007). "Maximum Gravitational Recoil". Physical Review Letters. 98 (23) 231102. arXiv:gr-qc/0702133. Bibcode:2007PhRvL..98w1102C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.231102. PMID 17677894. S2CID 29246347.
Lousto, Carlos; Zlochower, Yosef (2011). "Hangup Kicks: Still Larger Recoils by Partial Spin–Orbit Alignment of Black-Hole Binaries". Physical Review Letters. 107 (23) 231102. arXiv:1108.2009. Bibcode:2011PhRvL.107w1102L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.231102. PMID 22182078. S2CID 15546595.
Kim, D.-C.; et al. (2017). "A Potential Recoiling Supermassive Black Hole CXO J101527.2+625911". Astrophysical Journal. 840 (2): 71–77. arXiv:1704.05549. Bibcode:2017ApJ...840...71K. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa6030. S2CID 119401892.

astrobites.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Lamb, William (8 August 2024). "Don't Be So Cold – Self-Interacting Dark Matter as a Solution to the 'Final Parsec Problem'". Astrobites.

black-holes.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Credits: SXS (Simulating eXtreme Spacetimes) project.

caltech.edu (Global: 887^th place; English: 714^th place)

ligo.caltech.edu

"Observation Of Gravitational Waves From A Binary Black Hole Merger" (PDF). LIGO. 11 February 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2016.

authors.library.caltech.edu

Milosavljević, Miloš; Merritt, David (October 2003). "The Final Parsec Problem" (PDF). AIP Conference Proceedings. 686 (1). American Institute of Physics: 201–210. arXiv:astro-ph/0212270. Bibcode:2003AIPC..686..201M. doi:10.1063/1.1629432. S2CID 12124842.

cbsnews.com (Global: 108^th place; English: 80^th place)

Harwood, W. (11 February 2016). "Einstein was right: Scientists detect gravitational waves in breakthrough". CBS News. Archived from the original on 12 February 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2016.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Pretorius, Frans (2005). "Evolution of Binary Black-Hole Spacetimes". Physical Review Letters. 95 (12) 121101. arXiv:gr-qc/0507014. Bibcode:2005PhRvL..95l1101P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.121101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16197061. S2CID 24225193.
Campanelli, M.; Lousto, C. O.; Marronetti, P.; Zlochower, Y. (2006). "Accurate Evolutions of Orbiting Black-Hole Binaries without Excision". Physical Review Letters. 96 (11) 111101. arXiv:gr-qc/0511048. Bibcode:2006PhRvL..96k1101C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.111101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16605808. S2CID 5954627.
Baker, John G.; Centrella, Joan; Choi, Dae-Il; Koppitz, Michael; van Meter, James (2006). "Gravitational-Wave Extraction from an Inspiraling Configuration of Merging Black Holes". Physical Review Letters. 96 (11) 111102. arXiv:gr-qc/0511103. Bibcode:2006PhRvL..96k1102B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.111102. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16605809. S2CID 23409406.
Abadie, J.; Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abernathy, M.; Accadia, T.; Acernese, F.; Adams, C.; Adhikari, R.; Ajith, P.; Allen, B.; Allen, G. S.; Amador Ceron, E.; Amin, R. S.; Anderson, S. B.; Anderson, W. G.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2011-06-06). "Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown". Physical Review D. 83 (12) 122005. arXiv:1102.3781. Bibcode:2011PhRvD..83l2005A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.83.122005. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 174250.
Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Abernathy, M. R.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adams, T.; Addesso, P.; Adhikari, R. X.; Adya, V. B.; Affeldt, C.; Agathos, M.; Agatsuma, K.; Aggarwal, N.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2016-02-11). "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger". Physical Review Letters. 116 (6) 061102. arXiv:1602.03837. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116f1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 26918975. S2CID 124959784.
Komossa, S.; Burwitz, V.; Hasinger, G.; Predehl, P.; Kaastra, J. S.; Ikebe, Y. (2003-01-01). "Discovery of a Binary Active Galactic Nucleus in the Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxy NGC 6240 Using Chandra". The Astrophysical Journal. 582 (1). The American Astronomical Society: L15 – L19. arXiv:astro-ph/0212099. Bibcode:2003ApJ...582L..15K. doi:10.1086/346145. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 16697327.
Zhou, Hongyan; Wang, Tinggui; Zhang, Xueguang; Dong, Xiaobo; Li, Cheng (2004-03-20). "Obscured Binary Quasar Cores in SDSS J104807.74+005543.5?". The Astrophysical Journal. 604 (1). The American Astronomical Society: L33 – L36. arXiv:astro-ph/0411167. Bibcode:2004ApJ...604L..33Z. doi:10.1086/383310. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 14297940.
Gerke, Brian F.; Newman, Jeffrey A.; Lotz, Jennifer; Yan, Renbin; Barmby, P.; Coil, Alison L.; Conselice, Christopher J.; Ivison, R. J.; Lin, Lihwai; Koo, David C.; Nandra, Kirpal; Salim, Samir; Small, Todd; Weiner, Benjamin J.; Cooper, Michael C.; Davis, Marc; Faber, S. M.; Guhathakurta, Puragra; et al. (6 April 2007). "The DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey: AEGIS Observations of a Dual AGN at z = 0.7". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 660 (1): L23 – L26. arXiv:astro-ph/0608380. Bibcode:2007ApJ...660L..23G. doi:10.1086/517968. S2CID 14320681.
Valtonen, M. J.; Mikkola, S.; Merritt, D.; Gopakumar, A.; Lehto, H. J.; Hyvönen, T.; Rampadarath, H.; Saunders, R.; Basta, M.; Hudec, R. (2010-02-01). "Measuring the Spin of the Primary Black Hole in OJ287". The Astrophysical Journal. 709 (2): 725–732. arXiv:0912.1209. Bibcode:2010ApJ...709..725V. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/709/2/725. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119276181.
Pesce, D. W.; Seth, A. C.; Greene, J. E.; Braatz, J. A.; Condon, J. J.; Kent, B. R.; Krajnović, D. (March 2021). "A Restless Supermassive Black Hole in the Galaxy J0437+2456". Astrophysical Journal. 909 (2): 141–153. arXiv:2101.07932. Bibcode:2021ApJ...909..141P. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abde3d. S2CID 231648121.
Graham, Matthew J.; Djorgovski, S. G.; Stern, Daniel; Glikman, Eilat; Drake, Andrew J.; Mahabal, Ashish A.; Donalek, Ciro; Larson, Steve; Christensen, Eric (7 January 2015). "A possible close supermassive black-hole binary in a quasar with optical periodicity". Nature. 518 (7537): 74–6. arXiv:1501.01375. Bibcode:2015Natur.518...74G. doi:10.1038/nature14143. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 25561176. S2CID 4459433.
D'Orazio, Daniel J.; Haiman, Zoltán; Schiminovich, David (17 September 2015). "Relativistic boost as the cause of periodicity in a massive black-hole binary candidate". Nature. 525 (7569): 351–353. arXiv:1509.04301. Bibcode:2015Natur.525..351D. doi:10.1038/nature15262. PMID 26381982. S2CID 205245606.
Milosavljević, Miloš; Merritt, David (October 2003). "The Final Parsec Problem" (PDF). AIP Conference Proceedings. 686 (1). American Institute of Physics: 201–210. arXiv:astro-ph/0212270. Bibcode:2003AIPC..686..201M. doi:10.1063/1.1629432. S2CID 12124842.
Alonso-Álvarez, Gonzalo; Cline, James M.; Dewar, Caitlyn (9 July 2024). "Self-Interacting Dark Matter Solves the Final Parsec Problem of Supermassive Black Hole Mergers". Physical Review Letters. 133 (2) 021401. arXiv:2401.14450. Bibcode:2024PhRvL.133b1401A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.021401. PMID 39073950. For collisionless cold DM, the friction deposits so much energy that the spike is disrupted and cannot bridge the final parsec, while for self-interacting DM, the isothermal core of the halo can act as a reservoir for the energy liberated from the SMBH orbits.
Ryu, Taeho; Perna, Rosalba; Haiman, Zoltán; Ostriker, Jeremiah P.; Stone, Nicholas C. (2018). "Interactions between multiple supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei: a solution to the final parsec problem". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 473 (3): 3410–3433. arXiv:1709.06501. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.473.3410R. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2524. S2CID 119083047.
Iwasawa, Masaki; Funato, Yoko; Makino, Junichiro (2006). "Evolution of Massive Blackhole Triples I – Equal-mass binary–single systems". Astrophys. J. 651 (2): 1059–1067. arXiv:astro-ph/0511391. Bibcode:2006ApJ...651.1059I. doi:10.1086/507473. S2CID 14816623. We found that in most cases two of the three BHs merge through gravitational wave (GW) radiation in the timescale much shorter than the Hubble time, before ejecting one BH through a slingshot.
Ori, Amos; Thorne, Kip S. (28 November 2000). "Transition from inspiral to plunge for a compact body in a circular equatorial orbit around a massive, spinning black hole". Physical Review D. 62 (12) 124022. arXiv:gr-qc/0003032. Bibcode:2000PhRvD..62l4022O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.62.124022.
Chandrasekhar, S.; Detweiler, S. (1975-08-12). "The quasi-normal modes of the Schwarzschild black hole". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 344 (1639): 441–452. Bibcode:1975RSPSA.344..441C. doi:10.1098/rspa.1975.0112. ISSN 0080-4630.
Castelvecchi, Davide; Witze, Witze (February 11, 2016). "Einstein's gravitational waves found at last". Nature News. doi:10.1038/nature.2016.19361. S2CID 182916902. Retrieved 2016-02-11.
Abbott, Benjamin P.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (11 February 2016). "Properties of the binary black hole merger GW150914". Physical Review Letters. 116 (24) 241102. arXiv:1602.03840. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116x1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.241102. PMID 27367378. S2CID 217406416.
Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Abernathy, M. R.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adams, T.; Addesso, P.; Adhikari, R. X.; Adya, V. B.; Affeldt, C.; Agathos, M.; Agatsuma, K.; Aggarwal, N.; et al. (The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and The Virgo Collaboration) (2016-10-21). "Improved Analysis of GW150914 Using a Fully Spin-Precessing Waveform Model". Physical Review X. 6 (4) 041014. arXiv:1606.01210. Bibcode:2016PhRvX...6d1014A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.6.041014. ISSN 2160-3308. S2CID 18217435.
Hahn, Susan G.; Lindquist, Richard W. (1964). "The two-body problem in geometrodynamics". Annals of Physics. 29 (2): 304–331. Bibcode:1964AnPhy..29..304H. doi:10.1016/0003-4916(64)90223-4. ISSN 0003-4916.
Smarr, Larry; Čadež, Andrej; DeWitt, Bryce; Eppley, Kenneth (1976). "Collision of two black holes: Theoretical framework". Physical Review D. 14 (10): 2443–2452. Bibcode:1976PhRvD..14.2443S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.14.2443. ISSN 0556-2821.
Nichols, David A.; Chen, Yanbei (2012). "Hybrid method for understanding black-hole mergers: Inspiralling case". Physical Review D. 85 (4) 044035. arXiv:1109.0081. Bibcode:2012PhRvD..85d4035N. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.85.044035. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 30890236.
Damour, Thibault; Nagar, Alessandro; Pollney, Denis; Reisswig, Christian (2012). "Energy Versus Angular Momentum in Black Hole Binaries". Physical Review Letters. 108 (13) 131101. arXiv:1110.2938. Bibcode:2012PhRvL.108m1101D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.131101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 22540688.
Cohen, Michael I.; Kaplan, Jeffrey D.; Scheel, Mark A. (2012). "Toroidal horizons in binary black hole inspirals". Physical Review D. 85 (2) 024031. arXiv:1110.1668. Bibcode:2012PhRvD..85b4031C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.85.024031. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 37654897.
Campanelli, Manuela; Lousto, Carlos; Zlochower, Yosef; Merritt, David (7 June 2007). "Maximum Gravitational Recoil". Physical Review Letters. 98 (23) 231102. arXiv:gr-qc/0702133. Bibcode:2007PhRvL..98w1102C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.231102. PMID 17677894. S2CID 29246347.
Lousto, Carlos; Zlochower, Yosef (2011). "Hangup Kicks: Still Larger Recoils by Partial Spin–Orbit Alignment of Black-Hole Binaries". Physical Review Letters. 107 (23) 231102. arXiv:1108.2009. Bibcode:2011PhRvL.107w1102L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.231102. PMID 22182078. S2CID 15546595.
Pietilä, Harri; Heinämäki, Pekka; Mikkola, Seppo; Valtonen, Mauri J. (1995). "Anisotropic gravitational radiation in the problems of three and four black holes". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy. 62 (4): 377–394. Bibcode:1995CeMDA..62..377P. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.51.2616. doi:10.1007/BF00692287. S2CID 122956625.
Kim, D.-C.; et al. (2017). "A Potential Recoiling Supermassive Black Hole CXO J101527.2+625911". Astrophysical Journal. 840 (2): 71–77. arXiv:1704.05549. Bibcode:2017ApJ...840...71K. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa6030. S2CID 119401892.

esa.int (Global: 1,482^nd place; English: 1,468^th place)

sci.esa.int

Liu, Fukun; Komossa, Stefanie; Schartel, Norbert (22 April 2014). "Unique Pair of Hidden Black Holes Discovered yy XMM-Newton". A milli-parsec supermassive black hole binary candidate in the galaxy SDSS J120136.02+300305.5. Retrieved 23 December 2014.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Pretorius, Frans (2005). "Evolution of Binary Black-Hole Spacetimes". Physical Review Letters. 95 (12) 121101. arXiv:gr-qc/0507014. Bibcode:2005PhRvL..95l1101P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.121101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16197061. S2CID 24225193.
Campanelli, M.; Lousto, C. O.; Marronetti, P.; Zlochower, Y. (2006). "Accurate Evolutions of Orbiting Black-Hole Binaries without Excision". Physical Review Letters. 96 (11) 111101. arXiv:gr-qc/0511048. Bibcode:2006PhRvL..96k1101C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.111101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16605808. S2CID 5954627.
Baker, John G.; Centrella, Joan; Choi, Dae-Il; Koppitz, Michael; van Meter, James (2006). "Gravitational-Wave Extraction from an Inspiraling Configuration of Merging Black Holes". Physical Review Letters. 96 (11) 111102. arXiv:gr-qc/0511103. Bibcode:2006PhRvL..96k1102B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.111102. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16605809. S2CID 23409406.
Abadie, J.; Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abernathy, M.; Accadia, T.; Acernese, F.; Adams, C.; Adhikari, R.; Ajith, P.; Allen, B.; Allen, G. S.; Amador Ceron, E.; Amin, R. S.; Anderson, S. B.; Anderson, W. G.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2011-06-06). "Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown". Physical Review D. 83 (12) 122005. arXiv:1102.3781. Bibcode:2011PhRvD..83l2005A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.83.122005. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 174250.
Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Abernathy, M. R.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adams, T.; Addesso, P.; Adhikari, R. X.; Adya, V. B.; Affeldt, C.; Agathos, M.; Agatsuma, K.; Aggarwal, N.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2016-02-11). "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger". Physical Review Letters. 116 (6) 061102. arXiv:1602.03837. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116f1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 26918975. S2CID 124959784.
Komossa, S.; Burwitz, V.; Hasinger, G.; Predehl, P.; Kaastra, J. S.; Ikebe, Y. (2003-01-01). "Discovery of a Binary Active Galactic Nucleus in the Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxy NGC 6240 Using Chandra". The Astrophysical Journal. 582 (1). The American Astronomical Society: L15 – L19. arXiv:astro-ph/0212099. Bibcode:2003ApJ...582L..15K. doi:10.1086/346145. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 16697327.
Zhou, Hongyan; Wang, Tinggui; Zhang, Xueguang; Dong, Xiaobo; Li, Cheng (2004-03-20). "Obscured Binary Quasar Cores in SDSS J104807.74+005543.5?". The Astrophysical Journal. 604 (1). The American Astronomical Society: L33 – L36. arXiv:astro-ph/0411167. Bibcode:2004ApJ...604L..33Z. doi:10.1086/383310. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 14297940.
Gerke, Brian F.; Newman, Jeffrey A.; Lotz, Jennifer; Yan, Renbin; Barmby, P.; Coil, Alison L.; Conselice, Christopher J.; Ivison, R. J.; Lin, Lihwai; Koo, David C.; Nandra, Kirpal; Salim, Samir; Small, Todd; Weiner, Benjamin J.; Cooper, Michael C.; Davis, Marc; Faber, S. M.; Guhathakurta, Puragra; et al. (6 April 2007). "The DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey: AEGIS Observations of a Dual AGN at z = 0.7". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 660 (1): L23 – L26. arXiv:astro-ph/0608380. Bibcode:2007ApJ...660L..23G. doi:10.1086/517968. S2CID 14320681.
Valtonen, M. J.; Mikkola, S.; Merritt, D.; Gopakumar, A.; Lehto, H. J.; Hyvönen, T.; Rampadarath, H.; Saunders, R.; Basta, M.; Hudec, R. (2010-02-01). "Measuring the Spin of the Primary Black Hole in OJ287". The Astrophysical Journal. 709 (2): 725–732. arXiv:0912.1209. Bibcode:2010ApJ...709..725V. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/709/2/725. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119276181.
Pesce, D. W.; Seth, A. C.; Greene, J. E.; Braatz, J. A.; Condon, J. J.; Kent, B. R.; Krajnović, D. (March 2021). "A Restless Supermassive Black Hole in the Galaxy J0437+2456". Astrophysical Journal. 909 (2): 141–153. arXiv:2101.07932. Bibcode:2021ApJ...909..141P. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abde3d. S2CID 231648121.
Graham, Matthew J.; Djorgovski, S. G.; Stern, Daniel; Glikman, Eilat; Drake, Andrew J.; Mahabal, Ashish A.; Donalek, Ciro; Larson, Steve; Christensen, Eric (7 January 2015). "A possible close supermassive black-hole binary in a quasar with optical periodicity". Nature. 518 (7537): 74–6. arXiv:1501.01375. Bibcode:2015Natur.518...74G. doi:10.1038/nature14143. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 25561176. S2CID 4459433.
D'Orazio, Daniel J.; Haiman, Zoltán; Schiminovich, David (17 September 2015). "Relativistic boost as the cause of periodicity in a massive black-hole binary candidate". Nature. 525 (7569): 351–353. arXiv:1509.04301. Bibcode:2015Natur.525..351D. doi:10.1038/nature15262. PMID 26381982. S2CID 205245606.
Milosavljević, Miloš; Merritt, David (October 2003). "The Final Parsec Problem" (PDF). AIP Conference Proceedings. 686 (1). American Institute of Physics: 201–210. arXiv:astro-ph/0212270. Bibcode:2003AIPC..686..201M. doi:10.1063/1.1629432. S2CID 12124842.
Alonso-Álvarez, Gonzalo; Cline, James M.; Dewar, Caitlyn (9 July 2024). "Self-Interacting Dark Matter Solves the Final Parsec Problem of Supermassive Black Hole Mergers". Physical Review Letters. 133 (2) 021401. arXiv:2401.14450. Bibcode:2024PhRvL.133b1401A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.021401. PMID 39073950. For collisionless cold DM, the friction deposits so much energy that the spike is disrupted and cannot bridge the final parsec, while for self-interacting DM, the isothermal core of the halo can act as a reservoir for the energy liberated from the SMBH orbits.
Ryu, Taeho; Perna, Rosalba; Haiman, Zoltán; Ostriker, Jeremiah P.; Stone, Nicholas C. (2018). "Interactions between multiple supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei: a solution to the final parsec problem". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 473 (3): 3410–3433. arXiv:1709.06501. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.473.3410R. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2524. S2CID 119083047.
Iwasawa, Masaki; Funato, Yoko; Makino, Junichiro (2006). "Evolution of Massive Blackhole Triples I – Equal-mass binary–single systems". Astrophys. J. 651 (2): 1059–1067. arXiv:astro-ph/0511391. Bibcode:2006ApJ...651.1059I. doi:10.1086/507473. S2CID 14816623. We found that in most cases two of the three BHs merge through gravitational wave (GW) radiation in the timescale much shorter than the Hubble time, before ejecting one BH through a slingshot.
Ori, Amos; Thorne, Kip S. (28 November 2000). "Transition from inspiral to plunge for a compact body in a circular equatorial orbit around a massive, spinning black hole". Physical Review D. 62 (12) 124022. arXiv:gr-qc/0003032. Bibcode:2000PhRvD..62l4022O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.62.124022.
Chandrasekhar, S.; Detweiler, S. (1975-08-12). "The quasi-normal modes of the Schwarzschild black hole". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 344 (1639): 441–452. Bibcode:1975RSPSA.344..441C. doi:10.1098/rspa.1975.0112. ISSN 0080-4630.
Abbott, Benjamin P.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (11 February 2016). "Properties of the binary black hole merger GW150914". Physical Review Letters. 116 (24) 241102. arXiv:1602.03840. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116x1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.241102. PMID 27367378. S2CID 217406416.
Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Abernathy, M. R.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adams, T.; Addesso, P.; Adhikari, R. X.; Adya, V. B.; Affeldt, C.; Agathos, M.; Agatsuma, K.; Aggarwal, N.; et al. (The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and The Virgo Collaboration) (2016-10-21). "Improved Analysis of GW150914 Using a Fully Spin-Precessing Waveform Model". Physical Review X. 6 (4) 041014. arXiv:1606.01210. Bibcode:2016PhRvX...6d1014A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.6.041014. ISSN 2160-3308. S2CID 18217435.
Hahn, Susan G.; Lindquist, Richard W. (1964). "The two-body problem in geometrodynamics". Annals of Physics. 29 (2): 304–331. Bibcode:1964AnPhy..29..304H. doi:10.1016/0003-4916(64)90223-4. ISSN 0003-4916.
Smarr, Larry; Čadež, Andrej; DeWitt, Bryce; Eppley, Kenneth (1976). "Collision of two black holes: Theoretical framework". Physical Review D. 14 (10): 2443–2452. Bibcode:1976PhRvD..14.2443S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.14.2443. ISSN 0556-2821.
Nichols, David A.; Chen, Yanbei (2012). "Hybrid method for understanding black-hole mergers: Inspiralling case". Physical Review D. 85 (4) 044035. arXiv:1109.0081. Bibcode:2012PhRvD..85d4035N. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.85.044035. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 30890236.
Damour, Thibault; Nagar, Alessandro; Pollney, Denis; Reisswig, Christian (2012). "Energy Versus Angular Momentum in Black Hole Binaries". Physical Review Letters. 108 (13) 131101. arXiv:1110.2938. Bibcode:2012PhRvL.108m1101D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.131101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 22540688.
Cohen, Michael I.; Kaplan, Jeffrey D.; Scheel, Mark A. (2012). "Toroidal horizons in binary black hole inspirals". Physical Review D. 85 (2) 024031. arXiv:1110.1668. Bibcode:2012PhRvD..85b4031C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.85.024031. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 37654897.
Campanelli, Manuela; Lousto, Carlos; Zlochower, Yosef; Merritt, David (7 June 2007). "Maximum Gravitational Recoil". Physical Review Letters. 98 (23) 231102. arXiv:gr-qc/0702133. Bibcode:2007PhRvL..98w1102C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.231102. PMID 17677894. S2CID 29246347.
Lousto, Carlos; Zlochower, Yosef (2011). "Hangup Kicks: Still Larger Recoils by Partial Spin–Orbit Alignment of Black-Hole Binaries". Physical Review Letters. 107 (23) 231102. arXiv:1108.2009. Bibcode:2011PhRvL.107w1102L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.231102. PMID 22182078. S2CID 15546595.
Pietilä, Harri; Heinämäki, Pekka; Mikkola, Seppo; Valtonen, Mauri J. (1995). "Anisotropic gravitational radiation in the problems of three and four black holes". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy. 62 (4): 377–394. Bibcode:1995CeMDA..62..377P. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.51.2616. doi:10.1007/BF00692287. S2CID 122956625.
Kim, D.-C.; et al. (2017). "A Potential Recoiling Supermassive Black Hole CXO J101527.2+625911". Astrophysical Journal. 840 (2): 71–77. arXiv:1704.05549. Bibcode:2017ApJ...840...71K. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa6030. S2CID 119401892.

iop.org (Global: 1,725^th place; English: 1,828^th place)

iopscience.iop.org

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae057e

ligo.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Introduction to LIGO & Gravitational Waves: Inspiral Gravitational Waves". LIGO Scientific Collaboration.

nasa.gov (Global: 75^th place; English: 83^rd place)

svs.gsfc.nasa.gov

"NASA Visualization Probes the Doubly Warped World of Binary Black Holes". NASA. 15 April 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2021.

nationalgeographic.com (Global: 344^th place; English: 296^th place)

news.nationalgeographic.com

Drake, Nadia (11 February 2016). "Found! Gravitational Waves, or a Wrinkle in Spacetime". National Geographic News. Archived from the original on 12 February 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2016.

nature.com (Global: 234^th place; English: 397^th place)

Castelvecchi, Davide; Witze, Witze (February 11, 2016). "Einstein's gravitational waves found at last". Nature News. doi:10.1038/nature.2016.19361. S2CID 182916902. Retrieved 2016-02-11.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Pretorius, Frans (2005). "Evolution of Binary Black-Hole Spacetimes". Physical Review Letters. 95 (12) 121101. arXiv:gr-qc/0507014. Bibcode:2005PhRvL..95l1101P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.121101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16197061. S2CID 24225193.
Campanelli, M.; Lousto, C. O.; Marronetti, P.; Zlochower, Y. (2006). "Accurate Evolutions of Orbiting Black-Hole Binaries without Excision". Physical Review Letters. 96 (11) 111101. arXiv:gr-qc/0511048. Bibcode:2006PhRvL..96k1101C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.111101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16605808. S2CID 5954627.
Baker, John G.; Centrella, Joan; Choi, Dae-Il; Koppitz, Michael; van Meter, James (2006). "Gravitational-Wave Extraction from an Inspiraling Configuration of Merging Black Holes". Physical Review Letters. 96 (11) 111102. arXiv:gr-qc/0511103. Bibcode:2006PhRvL..96k1102B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.111102. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16605809. S2CID 23409406.
Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Abernathy, M. R.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adams, T.; Addesso, P.; Adhikari, R. X.; Adya, V. B.; Affeldt, C.; Agathos, M.; Agatsuma, K.; Aggarwal, N.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2016-02-11). "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger". Physical Review Letters. 116 (6) 061102. arXiv:1602.03837. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116f1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 26918975. S2CID 124959784.
Graham, Matthew J.; Djorgovski, S. G.; Stern, Daniel; Glikman, Eilat; Drake, Andrew J.; Mahabal, Ashish A.; Donalek, Ciro; Larson, Steve; Christensen, Eric (7 January 2015). "A possible close supermassive black-hole binary in a quasar with optical periodicity". Nature. 518 (7537): 74–6. arXiv:1501.01375. Bibcode:2015Natur.518...74G. doi:10.1038/nature14143. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 25561176. S2CID 4459433.
D'Orazio, Daniel J.; Haiman, Zoltán; Schiminovich, David (17 September 2015). "Relativistic boost as the cause of periodicity in a massive black-hole binary candidate". Nature. 525 (7569): 351–353. arXiv:1509.04301. Bibcode:2015Natur.525..351D. doi:10.1038/nature15262. PMID 26381982. S2CID 205245606.
Alonso-Álvarez, Gonzalo; Cline, James M.; Dewar, Caitlyn (9 July 2024). "Self-Interacting Dark Matter Solves the Final Parsec Problem of Supermassive Black Hole Mergers". Physical Review Letters. 133 (2) 021401. arXiv:2401.14450. Bibcode:2024PhRvL.133b1401A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.021401. PMID 39073950. For collisionless cold DM, the friction deposits so much energy that the spike is disrupted and cannot bridge the final parsec, while for self-interacting DM, the isothermal core of the halo can act as a reservoir for the energy liberated from the SMBH orbits.
Abbott, Benjamin P.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (11 February 2016). "Properties of the binary black hole merger GW150914". Physical Review Letters. 116 (24) 241102. arXiv:1602.03840. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116x1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.241102. PMID 27367378. S2CID 217406416.
Damour, Thibault; Nagar, Alessandro; Pollney, Denis; Reisswig, Christian (2012). "Energy Versus Angular Momentum in Black Hole Binaries". Physical Review Letters. 108 (13) 131101. arXiv:1110.2938. Bibcode:2012PhRvL.108m1101D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.131101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 22540688.
Campanelli, Manuela; Lousto, Carlos; Zlochower, Yosef; Merritt, David (7 June 2007). "Maximum Gravitational Recoil". Physical Review Letters. 98 (23) 231102. arXiv:gr-qc/0702133. Bibcode:2007PhRvL..98w1102C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.231102. PMID 17677894. S2CID 29246347.
Lousto, Carlos; Zlochower, Yosef (2011). "Hangup Kicks: Still Larger Recoils by Partial Spin–Orbit Alignment of Black-Hole Binaries". Physical Review Letters. 107 (23) 231102. arXiv:1108.2009. Bibcode:2011PhRvL.107w1102L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.231102. PMID 22182078. S2CID 15546595.

nsf.gov (Global: 3,828^th place; English: 2,823^rd place)

"Gravitational waves detected 100 years after Einstein's prediction". www.nsf.gov. NSF – National Science Foundation. Archived from the original on 2020-06-19. Retrieved 2016-02-11.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Overbye, Dennis (16 September 2015). "More Evidence for Coming Black Hole Collision". The New York Times.

openlibrary.org (Global: 325^th place; English: 255^th place)

Merritt, David (2013). Dynamics and Evolution of Galactic Nuclei. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-12101-7.

psu.edu (Global: 207^th place; English: 136^th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Pietilä, Harri; Heinämäki, Pekka; Mikkola, Seppo; Valtonen, Mauri J. (10 January 1996). Anisotropic Gravitational Radiation In The Merger Of Black Holes. Relativistic Astrophysics Conference. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.51.2616.
Pietilä, Harri; Heinämäki, Pekka; Mikkola, Seppo; Valtonen, Mauri J. (1995). "Anisotropic gravitational radiation in the problems of three and four black holes". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy. 62 (4): 377–394. Bibcode:1995CeMDA..62..377P. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.51.2616. doi:10.1007/BF00692287. S2CID 122956625.

royalsocietypublishing.org (Global: 1,993^rd place; English: 3,231^st place)

Chandrasekhar, S.; Detweiler, S. (1975-08-12). "The quasi-normal modes of the Schwarzschild black hole". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 344 (1639): 441–452. Bibcode:1975RSPSA.344..441C. doi:10.1098/rspa.1975.0112. ISSN 0080-4630.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Pretorius, Frans (2005). "Evolution of Binary Black-Hole Spacetimes". Physical Review Letters. 95 (12) 121101. arXiv:gr-qc/0507014. Bibcode:2005PhRvL..95l1101P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.121101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16197061. S2CID 24225193.
Campanelli, M.; Lousto, C. O.; Marronetti, P.; Zlochower, Y. (2006). "Accurate Evolutions of Orbiting Black-Hole Binaries without Excision". Physical Review Letters. 96 (11) 111101. arXiv:gr-qc/0511048. Bibcode:2006PhRvL..96k1101C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.111101. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16605808. S2CID 5954627.
Baker, John G.; Centrella, Joan; Choi, Dae-Il; Koppitz, Michael; van Meter, James (2006). "Gravitational-Wave Extraction from an Inspiraling Configuration of Merging Black Holes". Physical Review Letters. 96 (11) 111102. arXiv:gr-qc/0511103. Bibcode:2006PhRvL..96k1102B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.111102. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 16605809. S2CID 23409406.
Abadie, J.; Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abernathy, M.; Accadia, T.; Acernese, F.; Adams, C.; Adhikari, R.; Ajith, P.; Allen, B.; Allen, G. S.; Amador Ceron, E.; Amin, R. S.; Anderson, S. B.; Anderson, W. G.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2011-06-06). "Search for gravitational waves from binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown". Physical Review D. 83 (12) 122005. arXiv:1102.3781. Bibcode:2011PhRvD..83l2005A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.83.122005. ISSN 1550-7998. S2CID 174250.
Abbott, B. P.; Abbott, R.; Abbott, T. D.; Abernathy, M. R.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adams, C.; Adams, T.; Addesso, P.; Adhikari, R. X.; Adya, V. B.; Affeldt, C.; Agathos, M.; Agatsuma, K.; Aggarwal, N.; et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration) (2016-02-11). "Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger". Physical Review Letters. 116 (6) 061102. arXiv:1602.03837. Bibcode:2016PhRvL.116f1102A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.061102. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 26918975. S2CID 124959784.
Komossa, S.; Burwitz, V.; Hasinger, G.; Predehl, P.; Kaastra, J. S.; Ikebe, Y. (2003-01-01). "Discovery of a Binary Active Galactic Nucleus in the Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxy NGC 6240 Using Chandra". The Astrophysical Journal. 582 (1). The American Astronomical Society: L15 – L19. arXiv:astro-ph/0212099. Bibcode:2003ApJ...582L..15K. doi:10.1086/346145. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 16697327.
Zhou, Hongyan; Wang, Tinggui; Zhang, Xueguang; Dong, Xiaobo; Li, Cheng (2004-03-20). "Obscured Binary Quasar Cores in SDSS J104807.74+005543.5?". The Astrophysical Journal. 604 (1). The American Astronomical Society: L33 – L36. arXiv:astro-ph/0411167. Bibcode:2004ApJ...604L..33Z. doi:10.1086/383310. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 14297940.
Gerke, Brian F.; Newman, Jeffrey A.; Lotz, Jennifer; Yan, Renbin; Barmby, P.; Coil, Alison L.; Conselice, Christopher J.; Ivison, R. J.; Lin, Lihwai; Koo, David C.; Nandra, Kirpal; Salim, Samir; Small, Todd; Weiner, Benjamin J.; Cooper, Michael C.; Davis, Marc; Faber, S. M.; Guhathakurta, Puragra; et al. (6 April 2007). "The DEEP2 Galaxy Redshift Survey: AEGIS Observations of a Dual AGN at z = 0.7". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 660 (1): L23 – L26. arXiv:astro-ph/0608380. Bibcode:2007ApJ...660L..23G. doi:10.1086/517968. S2CID 14320681.
Valtonen, M. J.; Mikkola, S.; Merritt, D.; Gopakumar, A.; Lehto, H. J.; Hyvönen, T.; Rampadarath, H.; Saunders, R.; Basta, M.; Hudec, R. (2010-02-01). "Measuring the Spin of the Primary Black Hole in OJ287". The Astrophysical Journal. 709 (2): 725–732. arXiv:0912.1209. Bibcode:2010ApJ...709..725V. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/709/2/725. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119276181.
Pesce, D. W.; Seth, A. C.; Greene, J. E.; Braatz, J. A.; Condon, J. J.; Kent, B. R.; Krajnović, D. (March 2021). "A Restless Supermassive Black Hole in the Galaxy J0437+2456". Astrophysical Journal. 909 (2): 141–153. arXiv:2101.07932. Bibcode:2021ApJ...909..141P. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abde3d. S2CID 231648121.
Graham, Matthew J.; Djorgovski, S. G.; Stern, Daniel; Glikman, Eilat; Drake, Andrew J.; Mahabal, Ashish A.; Donalek, Ciro; Larson, Steve; Christensen, Eric (7 January 2015). "A possible close supermassive black-hole binary in a quasar with optical periodicity". Nature. 518 (7537): 74–6. arXiv:1501.01375. Bibcode:2015Natur.518...74G. doi:10.1038/nature14143. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 25561176. S2CID 4459433.
D'Orazio, Daniel J.; Haiman, Zoltán; Schiminovich, David (17 September 2015). "Relativistic boost as the cause of periodicity in a massive black-hole binary candidate". Nature. 525 (7569): 351–353. arXiv:1509.04301. Bibcode:2015Natur.525..351D. doi:10.1038/nature15262. PMID 26381982. S2CID 205245606.
Milosavljević, Miloš; Merritt, David (October 2003). "The Final Parsec Problem" (PDF). AIP Conference Proceedings. 686 (1). American Institute of Physics: 201–210. arXiv:astro-ph/0212270. Bibcode:2003AIPC..686..201M. doi:10.1063/1.1629432. S2CID 12124842.
Ryu, Taeho; Perna, Rosalba; Haiman, Zoltán; Ostriker, Jeremiah P.; Stone, Nicholas C. (2018). "Interactions between multiple supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei: a solution to the final parsec problem". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 473 (3): 3410–3433. arXiv:1709.06501. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.473.3410R. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2524. S2CID 119083047.
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