Bird anatomy (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Bird anatomy" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

52doi.org

2^nd place

39nih.gov

4^th place

18worldcat.org

5^th place

15harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

12semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

7books.google.com

3^rd place

6jstor.org

26^th place

20^th place

5unm.edu

2,007^th place

1,298^th place

5web.archive.org

1^st place

5archive.org

6^th place

3psu.edu

207^th place

136^th place

2eku.edu

low place

1up.ac.za

7,651^st place

4,924^th place

1files.wordpress.com

869^th place

864^th place

1projectbeak.org

low place

1bbc.com

20^th place

30^th place

1loc.gov

70^th place

63^rd place

1biomotionlab.ca

low place

1jst.go.jp

1,903^rd place

2,346^th place

1fernbank.edu

low place

1skeletonmuseum.com

low place

1tubitak.gov.tr

7,316^th place

low place

1rero.ch

3,510^th place

2,263^rd place

1core.ac.uk

1,734^th place

1,312^th place

1unlp.edu.ar

4,596^th place

9,174^th place

1handle.net

102^nd place

76^th place

1arxiv.org

69^th place

59^th place

1wiley.com

222^nd place

297^th place

1ucdavis.edu

1,873^rd place

1,347^th place

1uiuc.edu

3,087^th place

2,519^th place

1allaboutbirds.org

6,096^th place

3,562^nd place

1researchgate.net

120^th place

125^th place

1physoc.org

low place

1ulusofona.pt

low place

1nationalgeographic.com

344^th place

296^th place

allaboutbirds.org

academy.allaboutbirds.org

Ornithology, The Cornell Lab of. "All About Bird Anatomy from Bird Academy". academy.allaboutbirds.org. Retrieved 2018-05-11.

archive.org

Wing, Leonard W. (1956) Natural History of Birds. The Ronald Press Company.
Whittow, G. Causey (2000). Sturkie's Avian Physiology. San Diego, California: Academic Press. pp. 233–241. ISBN 978-0-12-747605-6.
Osborne, June (1998). The Ruby-Throated Hummingbird. University of Texas Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-292-76047-9.
Storer, Tracy I.; Usinger, R. L.; Stebbins, Robert C.; Nybakken, James W. (1997). General Zoology (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 750–751. ISBN 978-0-07-061780-3.
Anderson, Ted R. (2006). Biology of the Ubiquitous House Sparrow: From Genes to Populations. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 390. ISBN 978-0-19-530411-4. OCLC 922954367.

arxiv.org

Nguyen, Quynh M.; Oza U., Anand; Abouezzi, Joanna; Sun, Guanhua; Childress, Stephen; Frederick, Christina; Ristroph, Leif (19 March 2021). "Flow Rectification in Loopy Network Models of Bird Lungs". Physical Review Letters. 126 (11): 114501. arXiv:2103.11237. Bibcode:2021PhRvL.126k4501N. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.114501. PMID 33798375. S2CID 232307000.

bbc.com

Hogenboom, Melissa. "How birds see straight". Retrieved 2018-04-14.

biomotionlab.ca

Troje, Nikolaus; Frost, Barrie (February 2000). "Head-Bobbing in pigeons: How stable is the hold phase?" (PDF). The Journal of Experimental Biology. 203 (Pt 5): 935–940. doi:10.1242/jeb.203.5.935. PMID 10667977.

books.google.com

Fastovsky, David E.; Weishampel, David B. (2005). The Evolution and Extinction of the Dinosaurs (2nd ed.). Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81172-9. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
Marshall, A. J. (1960). Biology and Comparative Physiology of Birds: Volume I. Victoria, Australia: Academic Press. pp. 245–251. ISBN 978-1-4832-3142-6.
Gatesy, S.M. (2002). "19. Locomotor evolution on the line to modern birds". In Chiappe, L.M.; Witmer, L.M. (eds.). Mesozoic Birds: above the heads of dinosaurs. University California Press. pp. 432–447. ISBN 978-0-520-20094-4.
Calder, William A. (1996). Size, Function, and Life History. Mineola, New York: Courier Dove Publications. p. 91. ISBN 978-0-486-69191-6.
Maina, John N. (2005). The lung air sac system of birds development, structure, and function; with 6 tables. Berlin: Springer. pp. 3.2–3.3 "Lung", "Airway (Bronchiol) System" 66–82. ISBN 978-3-540-25595-6.
Hyman, Libbie Henrietta (1992-09-15). Hyman's Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-87013-7.
Jamieson, Barrie G M (14 October 2011). Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Birds, Part A: Phylogeny, Morphology, Hormones and Fertilization. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4398-4275-1.

core.ac.uk

Bogdanovich, I. A. (2007). "Once more about origin of birds and flight: "cursorial" or "arboreal"?" (PDF). Vestnik Zoologii. 41 (3): 283–4.

doi.org

Gier, H. T. (1952). "The air sacs of the loon" (PDF). Auk. 69 (1): 40–49. doi:10.2307/4081291. JSTOR 4081291. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
Smith, Nathan D. (2011). "Body mass and foraging ecology predict evolutionary patterns of skeletal pneumaticity in the diverse "waterbird" clade". Evolution. 66 (4): 1059–1078. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01494.x. PMID 22486689. S2CID 42793145.
Wedel, Mathew J. (2003). "Vertebral pneumaticity, air sacs, and the physiology of sauropod dinosaurs" (PDF). Paleobiology. 29 (2): 243–255. Bibcode:2003Pbio...29..243W. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2003)029<0243:vpasat>2.0.co;2. S2CID 46619244. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
Troje, Nikolaus; Frost, Barrie (February 2000). "Head-Bobbing in pigeons: How stable is the hold phase?" (PDF). The Journal of Experimental Biology. 203 (Pt 5): 935–940. doi:10.1242/jeb.203.5.935. PMID 10667977.
Frost, B.J (1978). "The optokinetic basis of head-bobbing in the pigeon". Journal of Experimental Biology. 74: 187–195. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.556.8783. doi:10.1242/jeb.74.1.187.
Storer, Robert W. (1982). "Fused Thoracic Vertebrae in Birds". Journal of the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology. 14 (2–3): 86–95. doi:10.3312/jyio1952.14.86. ISSN 1883-3659.
Rashid, Dana J; Chapman, Susan C; Larsson, Hans CE; Organ, Chris L; Bebin, Anne-Gaelle; Merzdorf, Christa S; Bradley, Roger; Horner, John R (2014). "From dinosaurs to birds: a tail of evolution". EvoDevo. 5 (1): 25. doi:10.1186/2041-9139-5-25. ISSN 2041-9139. PMC 4304130. PMID 25621146.
Nakatsukasa, Masato (May 2004). "Acquisition of bipedalism: the Miocene hominoid record and modern analogues for bipedal protohominids". Journal of Anatomy. 204 (5): 385–402. doi:10.1111/j.0021-8782.2004.00290.x. ISSN 0021-8782. PMC 1571308. PMID 15198702.
Bhullar, Bhart-Anjan S.; Marugán-Lobón, Jesús; Racimo, Fernando; Bever, Gabe S.; Rowe, Timothy B.; Norell, Mark A.; Abzhanov, Arhat (2012-05-27). "Birds have paedomorphic dinosaur skulls". Nature. 487 (7406): 223–226. Bibcode:2012Natur.487..223B. doi:10.1038/nature11146. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 22722850. S2CID 4370675.
Louchart, Antoine; Viriot, Laurent (2011). "From snout to beak: the loss of teeth in birds". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 26 (12): 663–673. Bibcode:2011TEcoE..26..663L. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2011.09.004. PMID 21978465.
Bhullar, Bhart-Anjan S.; Hanson, Michael; Fabbri, Matteo; Pritchard, Adam; Bever, Gabe S.; Hoffman, Eva (2016-09-01). "How to Make a Bird Skull: Major Transitions in the Evolution of the Avian Cranium, Paedomorphosis, and the Beak as a Surrogate Hand". Integrative and Comparative Biology. 56 (3): 389–403. doi:10.1093/icb/icw069. ISSN 1540-7063. PMID 27371392.
Huang, Jiandong; Wang, Xia; Hu, Yuanchao; Liu, Jia; Peteya, Jennifer A.; Clarke, Julia A. (2016-03-15). "A new ornithurine from the Early Cretaceous of China sheds light on the evolution of early ecological and cranial diversity in birds". PeerJ. 4: e1765. doi:10.7717/peerj.1765. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 4806634. PMID 27019777.
LAUDER, GEORGE V. (1982-05-01). "Patterns of Evolution in the Feeding Mechanism of Actinopterygian Fishes". American Zoologist. 22 (2): 275–285. doi:10.1093/icb/22.2.275. ISSN 1540-7063.
Schaeffer, Bobb; Rosen, Donn Eric (1961). "Major Adaptive Levels in the Evolution of the Actinopterygian Feeding Mechanism". American Zoologist. 1 (2): 187–204. doi:10.1093/icb/1.2.187. JSTOR 3881250.
Simonetta, Alberto M. (1960-09-01). "On the Mechanical Implications of the Avian Skull and Their Bearing on the Evolution and Classification of Birds". The Quarterly Review of Biology. 35 (3): 206–220. doi:10.1086/403106. ISSN 0033-5770. S2CID 85091693.
Wang, M.; Stidham, T.A.; Li, Z.; Xu, X.; Zhou, Z. (2021). "Cretaceous bird with dinosaur skull sheds light on avian cranial evolution". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 3890. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12.3890W. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24147-z. PMC 8222284. PMID 34162868.
Hu, H.; Sansalone, G.; Wroe, S.; McDonald, P.G.; O'Connor, J.K.; Li, Z.; Xu, X; Zhou, Z. (2019). "Evolution of the vomer and its implications for cranial kinesis in Paraves". PNAS. 116 (39): 19571–8. Bibcode:2019PNAS..11619571H. doi:10.1073/pnas.1907754116. PMC 6765239. PMID 31501339.
Lingham-Soliar, Theagarten (1995-01-30). "Anatomy and functional morphology of the largest marine reptile known, Mosasaurus hoffmanni (Mosasauridae, Reptilia) from the Upper Cretaceous, Upper Maastrichtian of The Netherlands". Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. 347 (1320): 155–180. Bibcode:1995RSPTB.347..155L. doi:10.1098/rstb.1995.0019. ISSN 0962-8436.
Holliday, Casey M.; Witmer, Lawrence M. (2008). "Cranial kinesis in dinosaurs: intracranial joints, protractor muscles, and their significance for cranial evolution and function in diapsids". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 28 (4): 1073–1088. Bibcode:2008JVPal..28.1073H. doi:10.1671/0272-4634-28.4.1073. S2CID 15142387.
Lockley, M. G.; Li, R.; Harris, J. D.; Matsukawa, M.; Liu, M. (2007). "Earliest zygodactyl bird feet: Evidence from Early Cretaceous roadrunner-like tracks" (PDF). Naturwissenschaften. 94 (8): 657–665. Bibcode:2007NW.....94..657L. doi:10.1007/s00114-007-0239-x. PMID 17387416. S2CID 15821251.
Du Brul, E. Lloyd (1962). "The general phenomenon of bipedalism". American Zoologist. 2 (2): 205–208. doi:10.1093/icb/2.2.205.
Long, C. A.; Zhang, G. P.; George, T. F.; Long, C. F. (2003). "Physical theory, origin of flight, and synthesis proposed for birds". Journal of Theoretical Biology. 224 (1): 9–26. Bibcode:2003JThBi.224....9L. doi:10.1016/S0022-5193(03)00116-4. PMID 12900201.
Tobalske, Bret W (2016). "Evolution of avian flight: muscles and constraints on performance". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 371 (1704): 20150383. doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0383. PMC 4992707. PMID 27528773.
Sawyer, R.H.; Knapp, L.W. (2003). "Avian Skin Development and the Evolutionary Origin of Feathers". Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution. 298 (1): 57–72. Bibcode:2003JEZB..298...57S. doi:10.1002/jez.b.26. PMID 12949769.
Dhouailly, D. (2009). "A New Scenario for the Evolutionary Origin of Hair, Feather, and Avian Scales". J. Anat. 214 (4): 587–606. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.01041.x. PMC 2736124. PMID 19422430.
Zheng, X.; Zhou, Z.; Wang, X.; Zhang, F.; Zhang, X.; Wang, Y.; Xu, X. (2013). "Hind wings in basal birds and the evolution of leg feathers". Science. 339 (6125): 1309–12. Bibcode:2013Sci...339.1309Z. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.1031.5732. doi:10.1126/science.1228753. PMID 23493711. S2CID 206544531.
Stettenheim, Peter R (2000). "The Integumentary Morphology of Modern Birds—An Overview". American Zoologist. 40 (4): 461–477. doi:10.1093/icb/40.4.461.
Piersma, Theunis; van Aelst, Renee; Kurk, Karin; Berkhoudt, Herman; Leo R. M. Maas (1998). "A New Pressure Sensory Mechanism for Prey Detection in Birds: The Use of Principles of Seabed Dynamics?". Proceedings: Biological Sciences. 265 (1404): 1377–83. doi:10.1098/rspb.1998.0445. PMC 1689215.
Zusi, R L (1984). "A Functional and Evolutionary Analysis of Rhynchokinesis in Birds". Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 395 (395): 1–40. doi:10.5479/si.00810282.395. hdl:10088/5187.
Nguyen, Quynh M.; Oza U., Anand; Abouezzi, Joanna; Sun, Guanhua; Childress, Stephen; Frederick, Christina; Ristroph, Leif (19 March 2021). "Flow Rectification in Loopy Network Models of Bird Lungs". Physical Review Letters. 126 (11): 114501. arXiv:2103.11237. Bibcode:2021PhRvL.126k4501N. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.114501. PMID 33798375. S2CID 232307000.
Maina, John N. (November 2006). "Development, structure, and function of a novel respiratory organ, the lung-air sac system of birds: to go where no other vertebrate has gone". Biological Reviews. 81 (04): 545. doi:10.1017/S1464793106007111. ISSN 1464-7931.
Maina, JN (October 2008). "Functional morphology of the avian respiratory system, the lung–air sac system: efficiency built on complexity". Ostrich. 79 (2): 117–132. doi:10.2989/ostrich.2008.79.2.1.575. ISSN 0030-6525.
Sturkie, P.D. (1976). Sturkie, P. D (ed.). Avian Physiology. New York: Springer Verlag. p. 201. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4862-0. ISBN 978-1-4612-9335-4. S2CID 36415426.
Scott, Graham R. (2011). "Commentary: Elevated performance: the unique physiology of birds that fly at high altitudes". Journal of Experimental Biology. 214 (15): 2455–2462. doi:10.1242/jeb.052548. PMID 21753038.
Gross, W.B. (1964-07-01). "Voice Production by the Chicken". Poultry Science. 43 (4): 1005–1008. doi:10.3382/ps.0431005. ISSN 0032-5791.
Moran, Edwin (2016). "Gastric digestion of protein through pancreozyme action optimizes intestinal forms for absorption, mucin formation and villus integrity". Animal Feed Science and Technology. 221: 284–303. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.05.015.
Svihus, Birger (2014). "Function of the digestive system". The Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 23 (2): 306–314. doi:10.3382/japr.2014-00937.
Cade, Tom J.; Greenwald, Lewis I. (1966). "Drinking Behavior of Mousebirds in the Namib Desert, Southern Africa" (PDF). The Auk. 83 (1): 126–8. doi:10.2307/4082984. JSTOR 4082984.
Cade, Tom J.; Willoughby, Ernest J.; Maclean, Gordon L. (1966). "Drinking Behavior of Sandgrouse in the Namib and Kalahari Deserts, Africa" (PDF). The Auk. 83 (1): 124–6. doi:10.2307/4082983. JSTOR 4082983.
Kinsky, FC (1971). "The consistent presence of paired ovaries in the Kiwi(Apteryx) with some discussion of this condition in other birds". Journal of Ornithology. 112 (3): 334–357. Bibcode:1971JOrni.112..334K. doi:10.1007/BF01640692. S2CID 28261057.
Birkhead, TR; A. P. Moller (1993). "Sexual selection and the temporal separation of reproductive events: sperm storage data from reptiles, birds and mammals". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 50 (4): 295–311. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1993.tb00933.x.
Herrera, A. M; Shuster, S. G.; Perriton, C. L.; Cohn, M. J. (2013). "Developmental Basis of Phallus Reduction during Bird Evolution". Current Biology. 23 (12): 1065–74. Bibcode:2013CBio...23.1065H. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.04.062. PMID 23746636.
McCracken, KG (2000). "The 20-cm Spiny Penis of the Argentine Lake Duck (Oxyura vittata)" (PDF). The Auk. 117 (3): 820–5. doi:10.1642/0004-8038(2000)117[0820:TCSPOT]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 5717257.
Arnqvist, G.; I. Danielsson (1999). "Copulatory Behavior, Genital Morphology, and Male Fertilization Success in Water Striders". Evolution. 53 (1): 147–156. doi:10.2307/2640927. JSTOR 2640927. PMID 28565197.
Eberhard, W (2010). "Evolution of genitalia: theories, evidence, and new directions". Genetica. 138 (1): 5–18. doi:10.1007/s10709-009-9358-y. PMID 19308664. S2CID 1409845.
Hosken, D.J.; P. Stockley (2004). "Sexual selection and genital evolution" (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 19 (2): 87–93. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.509.2660. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2003.11.012. PMID 16701234. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-12. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
Brennan, P. L. R.; R. O. Prum; K. G. McCracken; M. D. Sorenson; R. E. Wilson; T. R. Birkhead (2007). "Coevolution of Male and Female Genital Morphology in Waterfowl". PLOS ONE. 2 (5): e418. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2..418B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000418. PMC 1855079. PMID 17476339.
Lierz, Michael (January 2003). "Avian renal disease: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy". Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice. 6 (1): 29–55. doi:10.1016/S1094-9194(02)00029-4. ISSN 1094-9194. PMID 12616833.
Mills, Robert (March 1994). "Applied comparative anatomy of the avian middle ear". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 87 (3): 155–6. doi:10.1177/014107689408700314. PMC 1294398. PMID 8158595.
Niknafs, Shahram; Navarro, Marta; Schneider, Eve R.; Roura, Eugeni (2023). "The avian taste system". Frontiers in Physiology. 14: 1235377. doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1235377. PMC 10516129. PMID 37745254.
Nagy, N; Magyar, A (March 1, 2001). "Development of the follicle-associated epithelium and the secretory dendritic cell in the bursa of fabricius of the guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) studied by novel monoclonal antibodies". The Anatomical Record. 262 (3): 279–292. doi:10.1002/1097-0185(20010301)262:3<279::aid-ar1038>3.0.co;2-i. PMID 11241196.

dx.doi.org

Maina, JN (October 2008). "Functional morphology of the avian respiratory system, the lung–air sac system: efficiency built on complexity". Ostrich. 79 (2): 117–132. doi:10.2989/ostrich.2008.79.2.1.575. ISSN 0030-6525.

eku.edu

people.eku.edu

Ritchison, Gary. "Ornithology (Bio 554/754):Bird Respiratory System". Eastern Kentucky University. Retrieved 2007-06-27.
Ritchson, G. "BIO 554/754 – Ornithology: Avian respiration". Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University. Retrieved 2009-04-23.

fernbank.edu

fsc.fernbank.edu

"Skeleton". fsc.fernbank.edu. Retrieved 2018-03-16.

files.wordpress.com

sauroposeidon.files.wordpress.com

Wedel, Mathew J. (2003). "Vertebral pneumaticity, air sacs, and the physiology of sauropod dinosaurs" (PDF). Paleobiology. 29 (2): 243–255. Bibcode:2003Pbio...29..243W. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2003)029<0243:vpasat>2.0.co;2. S2CID 46619244. Retrieved 2014-01-21.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Zusi, R L (1984). "A Functional and Evolutionary Analysis of Rhynchokinesis in Birds". Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 395 (395): 1–40. doi:10.5479/si.00810282.395. hdl:10088/5187.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Wedel, Mathew J. (2003). "Vertebral pneumaticity, air sacs, and the physiology of sauropod dinosaurs" (PDF). Paleobiology. 29 (2): 243–255. Bibcode:2003Pbio...29..243W. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2003)029<0243:vpasat>2.0.co;2. S2CID 46619244. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
Bhullar, Bhart-Anjan S.; Marugán-Lobón, Jesús; Racimo, Fernando; Bever, Gabe S.; Rowe, Timothy B.; Norell, Mark A.; Abzhanov, Arhat (2012-05-27). "Birds have paedomorphic dinosaur skulls". Nature. 487 (7406): 223–226. Bibcode:2012Natur.487..223B. doi:10.1038/nature11146. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 22722850. S2CID 4370675.
Louchart, Antoine; Viriot, Laurent (2011). "From snout to beak: the loss of teeth in birds". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 26 (12): 663–673. Bibcode:2011TEcoE..26..663L. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2011.09.004. PMID 21978465.
Wang, M.; Stidham, T.A.; Li, Z.; Xu, X.; Zhou, Z. (2021). "Cretaceous bird with dinosaur skull sheds light on avian cranial evolution". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 3890. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12.3890W. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24147-z. PMC 8222284. PMID 34162868.
Hu, H.; Sansalone, G.; Wroe, S.; McDonald, P.G.; O'Connor, J.K.; Li, Z.; Xu, X; Zhou, Z. (2019). "Evolution of the vomer and its implications for cranial kinesis in Paraves". PNAS. 116 (39): 19571–8. Bibcode:2019PNAS..11619571H. doi:10.1073/pnas.1907754116. PMC 6765239. PMID 31501339.
Lingham-Soliar, Theagarten (1995-01-30). "Anatomy and functional morphology of the largest marine reptile known, Mosasaurus hoffmanni (Mosasauridae, Reptilia) from the Upper Cretaceous, Upper Maastrichtian of The Netherlands". Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. 347 (1320): 155–180. Bibcode:1995RSPTB.347..155L. doi:10.1098/rstb.1995.0019. ISSN 0962-8436.
Holliday, Casey M.; Witmer, Lawrence M. (2008). "Cranial kinesis in dinosaurs: intracranial joints, protractor muscles, and their significance for cranial evolution and function in diapsids". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 28 (4): 1073–1088. Bibcode:2008JVPal..28.1073H. doi:10.1671/0272-4634-28.4.1073. S2CID 15142387.
Lockley, M. G.; Li, R.; Harris, J. D.; Matsukawa, M.; Liu, M. (2007). "Earliest zygodactyl bird feet: Evidence from Early Cretaceous roadrunner-like tracks" (PDF). Naturwissenschaften. 94 (8): 657–665. Bibcode:2007NW.....94..657L. doi:10.1007/s00114-007-0239-x. PMID 17387416. S2CID 15821251.
Long, C. A.; Zhang, G. P.; George, T. F.; Long, C. F. (2003). "Physical theory, origin of flight, and synthesis proposed for birds". Journal of Theoretical Biology. 224 (1): 9–26. Bibcode:2003JThBi.224....9L. doi:10.1016/S0022-5193(03)00116-4. PMID 12900201.
Sawyer, R.H.; Knapp, L.W. (2003). "Avian Skin Development and the Evolutionary Origin of Feathers". Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution. 298 (1): 57–72. Bibcode:2003JEZB..298...57S. doi:10.1002/jez.b.26. PMID 12949769.
Zheng, X.; Zhou, Z.; Wang, X.; Zhang, F.; Zhang, X.; Wang, Y.; Xu, X. (2013). "Hind wings in basal birds and the evolution of leg feathers". Science. 339 (6125): 1309–12. Bibcode:2013Sci...339.1309Z. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.1031.5732. doi:10.1126/science.1228753. PMID 23493711. S2CID 206544531.
Nguyen, Quynh M.; Oza U., Anand; Abouezzi, Joanna; Sun, Guanhua; Childress, Stephen; Frederick, Christina; Ristroph, Leif (19 March 2021). "Flow Rectification in Loopy Network Models of Bird Lungs". Physical Review Letters. 126 (11): 114501. arXiv:2103.11237. Bibcode:2021PhRvL.126k4501N. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.114501. PMID 33798375. S2CID 232307000.
Kinsky, FC (1971). "The consistent presence of paired ovaries in the Kiwi(Apteryx) with some discussion of this condition in other birds". Journal of Ornithology. 112 (3): 334–357. Bibcode:1971JOrni.112..334K. doi:10.1007/BF01640692. S2CID 28261057.
Herrera, A. M; Shuster, S. G.; Perriton, C. L.; Cohn, M. J. (2013). "Developmental Basis of Phallus Reduction during Bird Evolution". Current Biology. 23 (12): 1065–74. Bibcode:2013CBio...23.1065H. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.04.062. PMID 23746636.
Brennan, P. L. R.; R. O. Prum; K. G. McCracken; M. D. Sorenson; R. E. Wilson; T. R. Birkhead (2007). "Coevolution of Male and Female Genital Morphology in Waterfowl". PLOS ONE. 2 (5): e418. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2..418B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000418. PMC 1855079. PMID 17476339.

jst.go.jp

joi.jlc.jst.go.jp

Storer, Robert W. (1982). "Fused Thoracic Vertebrae in Birds". Journal of the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology. 14 (2–3): 86–95. doi:10.3312/jyio1952.14.86. ISSN 1883-3659.

jstor.org

Gier, H. T. (1952). "The air sacs of the loon" (PDF). Auk. 69 (1): 40–49. doi:10.2307/4081291. JSTOR 4081291. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
Schaeffer, Bobb; Rosen, Donn Eric (1961). "Major Adaptive Levels in the Evolution of the Actinopterygian Feeding Mechanism". American Zoologist. 1 (2): 187–204. doi:10.1093/icb/1.2.187. JSTOR 3881250.
Cade, Tom J.; Greenwald, Lewis I. (1966). "Drinking Behavior of Mousebirds in the Namib Desert, Southern Africa" (PDF). The Auk. 83 (1): 126–8. doi:10.2307/4082984. JSTOR 4082984.
Cade, Tom J.; Willoughby, Ernest J.; Maclean, Gordon L. (1966). "Drinking Behavior of Sandgrouse in the Namib and Kalahari Deserts, Africa" (PDF). The Auk. 83 (1): 124–6. doi:10.2307/4082983. JSTOR 4082983.
Fitzpatrick, F.L. (1934). "Unilateral and bilateral ovaries in raptorial birds" (PDF). Wilson Bulletin. 46 (1): 19–22. JSTOR 4156262.
Arnqvist, G.; I. Danielsson (1999). "Copulatory Behavior, Genital Morphology, and Male Fertilization Success in Water Striders". Evolution. 53 (1): 147–156. doi:10.2307/2640927. JSTOR 2640927. PMID 28565197.

loc.gov

"Why do pigeons bob their heads when they walk? Everyday Mysteries: Fun Science Facts from the Library of Congress". www.loc.gov. Retrieved 2018-04-14.

nationalgeographic.com

"Birds Lost Their Sweet Tooth, Hummingbirds Got Theirs Back". National Geographic Society. 21 August 2014.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Smith, Nathan D. (2011). "Body mass and foraging ecology predict evolutionary patterns of skeletal pneumaticity in the diverse "waterbird" clade". Evolution. 66 (4): 1059–1078. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01494.x. PMID 22486689. S2CID 42793145.
Bezuidenhout, A.J.; Groenewald, H.B.; Soley, J.T. (1999). "An anatomical study of the respiratory air sacs in ostriches" (PDF). Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research. 66 (4). The Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute: 317–325. PMID 10689704. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
Troje, Nikolaus; Frost, Barrie (February 2000). "Head-Bobbing in pigeons: How stable is the hold phase?" (PDF). The Journal of Experimental Biology. 203 (Pt 5): 935–940. doi:10.1242/jeb.203.5.935. PMID 10667977.
Rashid, Dana J; Chapman, Susan C; Larsson, Hans CE; Organ, Chris L; Bebin, Anne-Gaelle; Merzdorf, Christa S; Bradley, Roger; Horner, John R (2014). "From dinosaurs to birds: a tail of evolution". EvoDevo. 5 (1): 25. doi:10.1186/2041-9139-5-25. ISSN 2041-9139. PMC 4304130. PMID 25621146.
Nakatsukasa, Masato (May 2004). "Acquisition of bipedalism: the Miocene hominoid record and modern analogues for bipedal protohominids". Journal of Anatomy. 204 (5): 385–402. doi:10.1111/j.0021-8782.2004.00290.x. ISSN 0021-8782. PMC 1571308. PMID 15198702.
Bhullar, Bhart-Anjan S.; Marugán-Lobón, Jesús; Racimo, Fernando; Bever, Gabe S.; Rowe, Timothy B.; Norell, Mark A.; Abzhanov, Arhat (2012-05-27). "Birds have paedomorphic dinosaur skulls". Nature. 487 (7406): 223–226. Bibcode:2012Natur.487..223B. doi:10.1038/nature11146. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 22722850. S2CID 4370675.
Louchart, Antoine; Viriot, Laurent (2011). "From snout to beak: the loss of teeth in birds". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 26 (12): 663–673. Bibcode:2011TEcoE..26..663L. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2011.09.004. PMID 21978465.
Bhullar, Bhart-Anjan S.; Hanson, Michael; Fabbri, Matteo; Pritchard, Adam; Bever, Gabe S.; Hoffman, Eva (2016-09-01). "How to Make a Bird Skull: Major Transitions in the Evolution of the Avian Cranium, Paedomorphosis, and the Beak as a Surrogate Hand". Integrative and Comparative Biology. 56 (3): 389–403. doi:10.1093/icb/icw069. ISSN 1540-7063. PMID 27371392.
Huang, Jiandong; Wang, Xia; Hu, Yuanchao; Liu, Jia; Peteya, Jennifer A.; Clarke, Julia A. (2016-03-15). "A new ornithurine from the Early Cretaceous of China sheds light on the evolution of early ecological and cranial diversity in birds". PeerJ. 4: e1765. doi:10.7717/peerj.1765. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 4806634. PMID 27019777.
Wang, M.; Stidham, T.A.; Li, Z.; Xu, X.; Zhou, Z. (2021). "Cretaceous bird with dinosaur skull sheds light on avian cranial evolution". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 3890. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12.3890W. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24147-z. PMC 8222284. PMID 34162868.
Hu, H.; Sansalone, G.; Wroe, S.; McDonald, P.G.; O'Connor, J.K.; Li, Z.; Xu, X; Zhou, Z. (2019). "Evolution of the vomer and its implications for cranial kinesis in Paraves". PNAS. 116 (39): 19571–8. Bibcode:2019PNAS..11619571H. doi:10.1073/pnas.1907754116. PMC 6765239. PMID 31501339.
Lockley, M. G.; Li, R.; Harris, J. D.; Matsukawa, M.; Liu, M. (2007). "Earliest zygodactyl bird feet: Evidence from Early Cretaceous roadrunner-like tracks" (PDF). Naturwissenschaften. 94 (8): 657–665. Bibcode:2007NW.....94..657L. doi:10.1007/s00114-007-0239-x. PMID 17387416. S2CID 15821251.
Long, C. A.; Zhang, G. P.; George, T. F.; Long, C. F. (2003). "Physical theory, origin of flight, and synthesis proposed for birds". Journal of Theoretical Biology. 224 (1): 9–26. Bibcode:2003JThBi.224....9L. doi:10.1016/S0022-5193(03)00116-4. PMID 12900201.
Tobalske, Bret W (2016). "Evolution of avian flight: muscles and constraints on performance". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 371 (1704): 20150383. doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0383. PMC 4992707. PMID 27528773.
Sawyer, R.H.; Knapp, L.W. (2003). "Avian Skin Development and the Evolutionary Origin of Feathers". Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution. 298 (1): 57–72. Bibcode:2003JEZB..298...57S. doi:10.1002/jez.b.26. PMID 12949769.
Dhouailly, D. (2009). "A New Scenario for the Evolutionary Origin of Hair, Feather, and Avian Scales". J. Anat. 214 (4): 587–606. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.01041.x. PMC 2736124. PMID 19422430.
Zheng, X.; Zhou, Z.; Wang, X.; Zhang, F.; Zhang, X.; Wang, Y.; Xu, X. (2013). "Hind wings in basal birds and the evolution of leg feathers". Science. 339 (6125): 1309–12. Bibcode:2013Sci...339.1309Z. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.1031.5732. doi:10.1126/science.1228753. PMID 23493711. S2CID 206544531.
Nguyen, Quynh M.; Oza U., Anand; Abouezzi, Joanna; Sun, Guanhua; Childress, Stephen; Frederick, Christina; Ristroph, Leif (19 March 2021). "Flow Rectification in Loopy Network Models of Bird Lungs". Physical Review Letters. 126 (11): 114501. arXiv:2103.11237. Bibcode:2021PhRvL.126k4501N. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.114501. PMID 33798375. S2CID 232307000.
Scott, Graham R. (2011). "Commentary: Elevated performance: the unique physiology of birds that fly at high altitudes". Journal of Experimental Biology. 214 (15): 2455–2462. doi:10.1242/jeb.052548. PMID 21753038.
Herrera, A. M; Shuster, S. G.; Perriton, C. L.; Cohn, M. J. (2013). "Developmental Basis of Phallus Reduction during Bird Evolution". Current Biology. 23 (12): 1065–74. Bibcode:2013CBio...23.1065H. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.04.062. PMID 23746636.
Arnqvist, G.; I. Danielsson (1999). "Copulatory Behavior, Genital Morphology, and Male Fertilization Success in Water Striders". Evolution. 53 (1): 147–156. doi:10.2307/2640927. JSTOR 2640927. PMID 28565197.
Eberhard, W (2010). "Evolution of genitalia: theories, evidence, and new directions". Genetica. 138 (1): 5–18. doi:10.1007/s10709-009-9358-y. PMID 19308664. S2CID 1409845.
Hosken, D.J.; P. Stockley (2004). "Sexual selection and genital evolution" (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 19 (2): 87–93. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.509.2660. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2003.11.012. PMID 16701234. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-12. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
Brennan, P. L. R.; R. O. Prum; K. G. McCracken; M. D. Sorenson; R. E. Wilson; T. R. Birkhead (2007). "Coevolution of Male and Female Genital Morphology in Waterfowl". PLOS ONE. 2 (5): e418. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2..418B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000418. PMC 1855079. PMID 17476339.
Lierz, Michael (January 2003). "Avian renal disease: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy". Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice. 6 (1): 29–55. doi:10.1016/S1094-9194(02)00029-4. ISSN 1094-9194. PMID 12616833.
Mills, Robert (March 1994). "Applied comparative anatomy of the avian middle ear". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 87 (3): 155–6. doi:10.1177/014107689408700314. PMC 1294398. PMID 8158595.
Niknafs, Shahram; Navarro, Marta; Schneider, Eve R.; Roura, Eugeni (2023). "The avian taste system". Frontiers in Physiology. 14: 1235377. doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1235377. PMC 10516129. PMID 37745254.
Nagy, N; Magyar, A (March 1, 2001). "Development of the follicle-associated epithelium and the secretory dendritic cell in the bursa of fabricius of the guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) studied by novel monoclonal antibodies". The Anatomical Record. 262 (3): 279–292. doi:10.1002/1097-0185(20010301)262:3<279::aid-ar1038>3.0.co;2-i. PMID 11241196.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Rashid, Dana J; Chapman, Susan C; Larsson, Hans CE; Organ, Chris L; Bebin, Anne-Gaelle; Merzdorf, Christa S; Bradley, Roger; Horner, John R (2014). "From dinosaurs to birds: a tail of evolution". EvoDevo. 5 (1): 25. doi:10.1186/2041-9139-5-25. ISSN 2041-9139. PMC 4304130. PMID 25621146.
Nakatsukasa, Masato (May 2004). "Acquisition of bipedalism: the Miocene hominoid record and modern analogues for bipedal protohominids". Journal of Anatomy. 204 (5): 385–402. doi:10.1111/j.0021-8782.2004.00290.x. ISSN 0021-8782. PMC 1571308. PMID 15198702.
Huang, Jiandong; Wang, Xia; Hu, Yuanchao; Liu, Jia; Peteya, Jennifer A.; Clarke, Julia A. (2016-03-15). "A new ornithurine from the Early Cretaceous of China sheds light on the evolution of early ecological and cranial diversity in birds". PeerJ. 4: e1765. doi:10.7717/peerj.1765. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 4806634. PMID 27019777.
Wang, M.; Stidham, T.A.; Li, Z.; Xu, X.; Zhou, Z. (2021). "Cretaceous bird with dinosaur skull sheds light on avian cranial evolution". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 3890. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12.3890W. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-24147-z. PMC 8222284. PMID 34162868.
Hu, H.; Sansalone, G.; Wroe, S.; McDonald, P.G.; O'Connor, J.K.; Li, Z.; Xu, X; Zhou, Z. (2019). "Evolution of the vomer and its implications for cranial kinesis in Paraves". PNAS. 116 (39): 19571–8. Bibcode:2019PNAS..11619571H. doi:10.1073/pnas.1907754116. PMC 6765239. PMID 31501339.
Tobalske, Bret W (2016). "Evolution of avian flight: muscles and constraints on performance". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 371 (1704): 20150383. doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0383. PMC 4992707. PMID 27528773.
Dhouailly, D. (2009). "A New Scenario for the Evolutionary Origin of Hair, Feather, and Avian Scales". J. Anat. 214 (4): 587–606. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.01041.x. PMC 2736124. PMID 19422430.
Piersma, Theunis; van Aelst, Renee; Kurk, Karin; Berkhoudt, Herman; Leo R. M. Maas (1998). "A New Pressure Sensory Mechanism for Prey Detection in Birds: The Use of Principles of Seabed Dynamics?". Proceedings: Biological Sciences. 265 (1404): 1377–83. doi:10.1098/rspb.1998.0445. PMC 1689215.
Brennan, P. L. R.; R. O. Prum; K. G. McCracken; M. D. Sorenson; R. E. Wilson; T. R. Birkhead (2007). "Coevolution of Male and Female Genital Morphology in Waterfowl". PLOS ONE. 2 (5): e418. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2..418B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000418. PMC 1855079. PMID 17476339.
Mills, Robert (March 1994). "Applied comparative anatomy of the avian middle ear". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 87 (3): 155–6. doi:10.1177/014107689408700314. PMC 1294398. PMID 8158595.
Niknafs, Shahram; Navarro, Marta; Schneider, Eve R.; Roura, Eugeni (2023). "The avian taste system". Frontiers in Physiology. 14: 1235377. doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1235377. PMC 10516129. PMID 37745254.

physoc.org

jp.physoc.org

A study of the seasonal changes in avian testes Archived 2009-03-16 at the Wayback Machine Alexander Watson, J. Physiol. 1919;53;86–91, 'greenfinch (Carduelis chloris)', "In early summer (May and June) they are as big as a whole pea and in early winter (November) they are no bigger than a pin head"

projectbeak.org

Telecommunications, Interactive Media – Nebraska Educational. "Project Beak: Adaptations: Skeletal System: Neck Vertebrae". projectbeak.org. Retrieved 2018-03-16.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Frost, B.J (1978). "The optokinetic basis of head-bobbing in the pigeon". Journal of Experimental Biology. 74: 187–195. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.556.8783. doi:10.1242/jeb.74.1.187.
Zheng, X.; Zhou, Z.; Wang, X.; Zhang, F.; Zhang, X.; Wang, Y.; Xu, X. (2013). "Hind wings in basal birds and the evolution of leg feathers". Science. 339 (6125): 1309–12. Bibcode:2013Sci...339.1309Z. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.1031.5732. doi:10.1126/science.1228753. PMID 23493711. S2CID 206544531.
Hosken, D.J.; P. Stockley (2004). "Sexual selection and genital evolution" (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 19 (2): 87–93. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.509.2660. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2003.11.012. PMID 16701234. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-12. Retrieved 2018-08-26.

rero.ch

doc.rero.ch

Lockley, M. G.; Li, R.; Harris, J. D.; Matsukawa, M.; Liu, M. (2007). "Earliest zygodactyl bird feet: Evidence from Early Cretaceous roadrunner-like tracks" (PDF). Naturwissenschaften. 94 (8): 657–665. Bibcode:2007NW.....94..657L. doi:10.1007/s00114-007-0239-x. PMID 17387416. S2CID 15821251.

researchgate.net

Zaher, Mostafa (2012). "Anatomical, histological and histochemical adaptations of the avian alimentary canal to their food habits: I-Coturnix coturnix". Life Science Journal. 9: 253–275.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Smith, Nathan D. (2011). "Body mass and foraging ecology predict evolutionary patterns of skeletal pneumaticity in the diverse "waterbird" clade". Evolution. 66 (4): 1059–1078. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01494.x. PMID 22486689. S2CID 42793145.
Wedel, Mathew J. (2003). "Vertebral pneumaticity, air sacs, and the physiology of sauropod dinosaurs" (PDF). Paleobiology. 29 (2): 243–255. Bibcode:2003Pbio...29..243W. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2003)029<0243:vpasat>2.0.co;2. S2CID 46619244. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
Bhullar, Bhart-Anjan S.; Marugán-Lobón, Jesús; Racimo, Fernando; Bever, Gabe S.; Rowe, Timothy B.; Norell, Mark A.; Abzhanov, Arhat (2012-05-27). "Birds have paedomorphic dinosaur skulls". Nature. 487 (7406): 223–226. Bibcode:2012Natur.487..223B. doi:10.1038/nature11146. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 22722850. S2CID 4370675.
Simonetta, Alberto M. (1960-09-01). "On the Mechanical Implications of the Avian Skull and Their Bearing on the Evolution and Classification of Birds". The Quarterly Review of Biology. 35 (3): 206–220. doi:10.1086/403106. ISSN 0033-5770. S2CID 85091693.
Holliday, Casey M.; Witmer, Lawrence M. (2008). "Cranial kinesis in dinosaurs: intracranial joints, protractor muscles, and their significance for cranial evolution and function in diapsids". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 28 (4): 1073–1088. Bibcode:2008JVPal..28.1073H. doi:10.1671/0272-4634-28.4.1073. S2CID 15142387.
Lockley, M. G.; Li, R.; Harris, J. D.; Matsukawa, M.; Liu, M. (2007). "Earliest zygodactyl bird feet: Evidence from Early Cretaceous roadrunner-like tracks" (PDF). Naturwissenschaften. 94 (8): 657–665. Bibcode:2007NW.....94..657L. doi:10.1007/s00114-007-0239-x. PMID 17387416. S2CID 15821251.
Zheng, X.; Zhou, Z.; Wang, X.; Zhang, F.; Zhang, X.; Wang, Y.; Xu, X. (2013). "Hind wings in basal birds and the evolution of leg feathers". Science. 339 (6125): 1309–12. Bibcode:2013Sci...339.1309Z. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.1031.5732. doi:10.1126/science.1228753. PMID 23493711. S2CID 206544531.
Nguyen, Quynh M.; Oza U., Anand; Abouezzi, Joanna; Sun, Guanhua; Childress, Stephen; Frederick, Christina; Ristroph, Leif (19 March 2021). "Flow Rectification in Loopy Network Models of Bird Lungs". Physical Review Letters. 126 (11): 114501. arXiv:2103.11237. Bibcode:2021PhRvL.126k4501N. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.114501. PMID 33798375. S2CID 232307000.
Sturkie, P.D. (1976). Sturkie, P. D (ed.). Avian Physiology. New York: Springer Verlag. p. 201. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4862-0. ISBN 978-1-4612-9335-4. S2CID 36415426.
Kinsky, FC (1971). "The consistent presence of paired ovaries in the Kiwi(Apteryx) with some discussion of this condition in other birds". Journal of Ornithology. 112 (3): 334–357. Bibcode:1971JOrni.112..334K. doi:10.1007/BF01640692. S2CID 28261057.
McCracken, KG (2000). "The 20-cm Spiny Penis of the Argentine Lake Duck (Oxyura vittata)" (PDF). The Auk. 117 (3): 820–5. doi:10.1642/0004-8038(2000)117[0820:TCSPOT]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 5717257.
Eberhard, W (2010). "Evolution of genitalia: theories, evidence, and new directions". Genetica. 138 (1): 5–18. doi:10.1007/s10709-009-9358-y. PMID 19308664. S2CID 1409845.

skeletonmuseum.com

"Flightless Birds". SKELETONS: Museum of Osteology (Oklahoma City). Archived from the original on 2018-06-27. Retrieved 2018-05-02.

tubitak.gov.tr

journals.tubitak.gov.tr

DÜZLER, A.; ÖZGEL, Ö.; DURSUN, N. (2006). "Morphometric analysis of the sternum in avian species" (PDF). Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 30: 311–314. ISSN 1303-6181. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-12. Retrieved 2013-03-01.

ucdavis.edu

trc.ucdavis.edu

"Bird lung". Archived from the original on March 11, 2007.

uiuc.edu

chickscope.beckman.uiuc.edu

Sinn-Hanlon, Janet. "Comparative Anatomy of the Chicken Heart". University Of Illinois.

ulusofona.pt

sexologia.ulusofona.pt

Hosken, D.J.; P. Stockley (2004). "Sexual selection and genital evolution" (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 19 (2): 87–93. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.509.2660. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2003.11.012. PMID 16701234. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-12. Retrieved 2018-08-26.

unlp.edu.ar

naturalis.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar

Picasso, Mariana B. J.; Mosto, María C. (2018). "Wing myology of Caracaras (Aves, Falconiformes): muscular features associated with flight behavior" (PDF). Vertebrate Zoology. 68 (2): 177–190.

unm.edu

sora.unm.edu

Gier, H. T. (1952). "The air sacs of the loon" (PDF). Auk. 69 (1): 40–49. doi:10.2307/4081291. JSTOR 4081291. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
Cade, Tom J.; Greenwald, Lewis I. (1966). "Drinking Behavior of Mousebirds in the Namib Desert, Southern Africa" (PDF). The Auk. 83 (1): 126–8. doi:10.2307/4082984. JSTOR 4082984.
Cade, Tom J.; Willoughby, Ernest J.; Maclean, Gordon L. (1966). "Drinking Behavior of Sandgrouse in the Namib and Kalahari Deserts, Africa" (PDF). The Auk. 83 (1): 124–6. doi:10.2307/4082983. JSTOR 4082983.
Fitzpatrick, F.L. (1934). "Unilateral and bilateral ovaries in raptorial birds" (PDF). Wilson Bulletin. 46 (1): 19–22. JSTOR 4156262.
McCracken, KG (2000). "The 20-cm Spiny Penis of the Argentine Lake Duck (Oxyura vittata)" (PDF). The Auk. 117 (3): 820–5. doi:10.1642/0004-8038(2000)117[0820:TCSPOT]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 5717257.

up.ac.za

repository.up.ac.za

Bezuidenhout, A.J.; Groenewald, H.B.; Soley, J.T. (1999). "An anatomical study of the respiratory air sacs in ostriches" (PDF). Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research. 66 (4). The Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute: 317–325. PMID 10689704. Retrieved 2014-01-21.

web.archive.org

"Flightless Birds". SKELETONS: Museum of Osteology (Oklahoma City). Archived from the original on 2018-06-27. Retrieved 2018-05-02.
DÜZLER, A.; ÖZGEL, Ö.; DURSUN, N. (2006). "Morphometric analysis of the sternum in avian species" (PDF). Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 30: 311–314. ISSN 1303-6181. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-12. Retrieved 2013-03-01.
"Bird lung". Archived from the original on March 11, 2007.
A study of the seasonal changes in avian testes Archived 2009-03-16 at the Wayback Machine Alexander Watson, J. Physiol. 1919;53;86–91, 'greenfinch (Carduelis chloris)', "In early summer (May and June) they are as big as a whole pea and in early winter (November) they are no bigger than a pin head"
Hosken, D.J.; P. Stockley (2004). "Sexual selection and genital evolution" (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 19 (2): 87–93. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.509.2660. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2003.11.012. PMID 16701234. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-12. Retrieved 2018-08-26.

wiley.com

doi.wiley.com

Maina, John N. (November 2006). "Development, structure, and function of a novel respiratory organ, the lung-air sac system of birds: to go where no other vertebrate has gone". Biological Reviews. 81 (04): 545. doi:10.1017/S1464793106007111. ISSN 1464-7931.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Storer, Robert W. (1982). "Fused Thoracic Vertebrae in Birds". Journal of the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology. 14 (2–3): 86–95. doi:10.3312/jyio1952.14.86. ISSN 1883-3659.
Rashid, Dana J; Chapman, Susan C; Larsson, Hans CE; Organ, Chris L; Bebin, Anne-Gaelle; Merzdorf, Christa S; Bradley, Roger; Horner, John R (2014). "From dinosaurs to birds: a tail of evolution". EvoDevo. 5 (1): 25. doi:10.1186/2041-9139-5-25. ISSN 2041-9139. PMC 4304130. PMID 25621146.
Kardong, Kenneth V. (2019). Vertebrates : comparative anatomy, function, evolution (8th ed.). New York, NY. pp. 313–321. ISBN 978-1-259-70091-0. OCLC 1053847969.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Nakatsukasa, Masato (May 2004). "Acquisition of bipedalism: the Miocene hominoid record and modern analogues for bipedal protohominids". Journal of Anatomy. 204 (5): 385–402. doi:10.1111/j.0021-8782.2004.00290.x. ISSN 0021-8782. PMC 1571308. PMID 15198702.
DÜZLER, A.; ÖZGEL, Ö.; DURSUN, N. (2006). "Morphometric analysis of the sternum in avian species" (PDF). Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 30: 311–314. ISSN 1303-6181. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-12. Retrieved 2013-03-01.
Bhullar, Bhart-Anjan S.; Marugán-Lobón, Jesús; Racimo, Fernando; Bever, Gabe S.; Rowe, Timothy B.; Norell, Mark A.; Abzhanov, Arhat (2012-05-27). "Birds have paedomorphic dinosaur skulls". Nature. 487 (7406): 223–226. Bibcode:2012Natur.487..223B. doi:10.1038/nature11146. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 22722850. S2CID 4370675.
Bhullar, Bhart-Anjan S.; Hanson, Michael; Fabbri, Matteo; Pritchard, Adam; Bever, Gabe S.; Hoffman, Eva (2016-09-01). "How to Make a Bird Skull: Major Transitions in the Evolution of the Avian Cranium, Paedomorphosis, and the Beak as a Surrogate Hand". Integrative and Comparative Biology. 56 (3): 389–403. doi:10.1093/icb/icw069. ISSN 1540-7063. PMID 27371392.
Huang, Jiandong; Wang, Xia; Hu, Yuanchao; Liu, Jia; Peteya, Jennifer A.; Clarke, Julia A. (2016-03-15). "A new ornithurine from the Early Cretaceous of China sheds light on the evolution of early ecological and cranial diversity in birds". PeerJ. 4: e1765. doi:10.7717/peerj.1765. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 4806634. PMID 27019777.
LAUDER, GEORGE V. (1982-05-01). "Patterns of Evolution in the Feeding Mechanism of Actinopterygian Fishes". American Zoologist. 22 (2): 275–285. doi:10.1093/icb/22.2.275. ISSN 1540-7063.
Simonetta, Alberto M. (1960-09-01). "On the Mechanical Implications of the Avian Skull and Their Bearing on the Evolution and Classification of Birds". The Quarterly Review of Biology. 35 (3): 206–220. doi:10.1086/403106. ISSN 0033-5770. S2CID 85091693.
Lingham-Soliar, Theagarten (1995-01-30). "Anatomy and functional morphology of the largest marine reptile known, Mosasaurus hoffmanni (Mosasauridae, Reptilia) from the Upper Cretaceous, Upper Maastrichtian of The Netherlands". Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. 347 (1320): 155–180. Bibcode:1995RSPTB.347..155L. doi:10.1098/rstb.1995.0019. ISSN 0962-8436.
Kurochkin, E. N. (1995). "Synopsis of Mesozoic Birds and Early evolution of Class Aves". Archaeopteryx: Jahreszeitschrift der Freunde des Jura-Museums Eichstätt. 13: 47–66. ISSN 0933-288X. OCLC 85132179.
Maina, John N. (November 2006). "Development, structure, and function of a novel respiratory organ, the lung-air sac system of birds: to go where no other vertebrate has gone". Biological Reviews. 81 (04): 545. doi:10.1017/S1464793106007111. ISSN 1464-7931.
Maina, JN (October 2008). "Functional morphology of the avian respiratory system, the lung–air sac system: efficiency built on complexity". Ostrich. 79 (2): 117–132. doi:10.2989/ostrich.2008.79.2.1.575. ISSN 0030-6525.
Gross, W.B. (1964-07-01). "Voice Production by the Chicken". Poultry Science. 43 (4): 1005–1008. doi:10.3382/ps.0431005. ISSN 0032-5791.
Lierz, Michael (January 2003). "Avian renal disease: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy". Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice. 6 (1): 29–55. doi:10.1016/S1094-9194(02)00029-4. ISSN 1094-9194. PMID 12616833.
Anderson, Ted R. (2006). Biology of the Ubiquitous House Sparrow: From Genes to Populations. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 390. ISBN 978-0-19-530411-4. OCLC 922954367.

worldcat.org

Kardong, Kenneth V. (2019). Vertebrates : comparative anatomy, function, evolution (8th ed.). New York, NY. pp. 313–321. ISBN 978-1-259-70091-0. OCLC 1053847969.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)