Black legend (English Wikipedia)

Burg, David F. (9 January 2004). "1567 Revolt of the Netherlands". A World History of Tax Rebellions – An Encyclopedia of Tax Rebels, Revolts, and Riots from Antiquity to the Present. Taylor and Francis, London, 2003, 2005; Routledge, 2004. ISBN 978-0-203-50089-7. Archived from the original on 4 August 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2011. ... in Madrid, Alba was accused of following his own whims rather than Philip's wishes. According to Henry Kamen, Medinaceli reported to the king that "Excessive rigour, the misconduct of some officers and soldiers, and the Tenth Penny, are the cause of all the ills, and not heresy or rebellion". — ... — One of the governor's officers reported that in the Netherlands "the name of the house of Alba" was held in abhorrence

books.google.com

Powell, Philip Wayne (1971). The Tree of Hate: Propaganda and Prejudices affecting US relations with the Hispanic World. UNM Press. ISBN 978-0-8263-4576-9.
Arnade, Peter J. (2008). Beggars, iconoclasts, and civic patriots: the political culture of the Dutch Revolt. Cornell University Press. pp. 226–229. ISBN 978-0-8014-7496-5. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
Sugg, Richard (2012). Mummies, Cannibals and Vampires: the History of Corpse Medicine from the Renaissance to the Victorians. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781136577369.
Juderias, Julian (2014). La leyenda negra de España: Reedición del clásico publicado en 1914 (in Spanish). La Esfera de los Libros. ISBN 9788490601174. Retrieved 21 May 2020.

conversacionsobrehistoria.info

Straehle, Edgar (21 July 2019). "Historia y leyenda de la leyenda negra. El retorno de la leyenda negra y Roca Barea". Conversacion sobre la Historia. Retrieved 17 June 2020.

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doi.org

Keen, Benjamin (1971). "The White Legend Revisited: A Reply to Professor Hanke's 'Modest Proposal'". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 51 (2): 336–355. doi:10.2307/2512479. JSTOR 2512479.
Keen, Benjamin (1969). "The Black Legend Revisited:Assumptions and Realities". Hispanic American Historical Review. 49 (4): 703–719. doi:10.1215/00182168-49.4.703. JSTOR 2511162.
Borah, Woodrow; Burkholder, Mark A.; Johnson, Lyman L. (November 1990). "Colonial Latin America". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 70 (4): 691. doi:10.2307/2516592. ISSN 0018-2168. JSTOR 2516592.
Keen, Benjamin (1969). "The Black Legend Revisited: Assumptions and Realities". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 49 (4): 703–719. doi:10.2307/2511162. JSTOR 2511162.
Larmuseau, Maarten H.D.; Calafell, Francesc; Princen, Sarah A.; Decorte, Ronny; Soen, Violet (2018). "The black legend on the Spanish presence in the low countries: Verifying shared beliefs on genetic ancestry". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 166 (1): 219–227. doi:10.1002/ajpa.23409. hdl:10230/37178. PMID 29327450.
Cano, Glòria (2008). "Evidence for the Deliberate Distortion of the Spanish Philippine Colonial Historical Record in "The Philippine Islands 1493–1898"". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 39 (1): 1–30. doi:10.1017/S0022463408000015. JSTOR 20071868. S2CID 159759508.
Keen, Benjamin (1969). "The Black Legend Revisited: Assumptions and Realities". Hispanic American Historical Review. 49 (4): 703–719. doi:10.1215/00182168-49.4.703. JSTOR 2511162.

elconfidencial.com

Zurro, Javier (12 October 2013). "'Ejecuciones, mutilaciones, violaciones', así fue la Conquista de América". El Confidencial. Retrieved 30 May 2020.

elespanol.com

Castellvi Laukamp, Luis (11 October 2018). "Repensar la Hispanidad". El Español. Retrieved 2 June 2020.

elmundo.es

Borrell, el CIP y la Leyenda Negra Luis Oz – El Mundo
Roca Barea, Elvira (31 December 2019). "Elvira Roca Barea contesta a El País: 'Hoy cualquier alusión a la leyenda negra puede ser considerada facha'". El Mundo. Retrieved 17 June 2020.

elpais.com

Bono, Ferran (4 June 2019). "La historia de la leyenda negra, un asunto político de filias y fobias". El Pais. Retrieved 28 May 2020.

elsen.eu

Elsen, Jean (February 2007). "De nood-en belegeringsmunten van de Nederlandse opstand tegen Filips II – Historisch kader" (PDF). Collection J.R. Lasser (New York). Nood – en belegeringsmunten, Deel II (in Dutch). Jean Elsen & ses Fils s.a., Brussels, Belgium. pp. 4, 15. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 1 August 2011.

filosofia.org

"Emilia Pardo Bazán, La España de ayer y la de hoy (La muerte de una leyenda), 18 de Abril de 1899". filosofia.org. Retrieved 5 July 2016.

galegroup.com

link.galegroup.com

Duncan, David Ewing (1 August 1991). "The Black Legend: Spaniards hope to put an end next year to a propaganda campaign against their country that began half a millenium ago". Atlantic. Retrieved 11 December 2019.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Larmuseau, Maarten H.D.; Calafell, Francesc; Princen, Sarah A.; Decorte, Ronny; Soen, Violet (2018). "The black legend on the Spanish presence in the low countries: Verifying shared beliefs on genetic ancestry". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 166 (1): 219–227. doi:10.1002/ajpa.23409. hdl:10230/37178. PMID 29327450.

hathitrust.org

catalog.hathitrust.org

Gibson, Charles. "The Colonial Period in Latin American History". Hathi Trust. Service Center for Teachers of History. Retrieved 15 November 2019.

ieg-ego.eu

"The 'Leyenda Negra' and the Circulation of Anti-Catholic and Anti-Spanish Prejudices". EGO(http://www.ieg-ego.eu) (in German). Retrieved 28 June 2023.

jst.go.jp

jstage.jst.go.jp

Filipino Press between Two Empires: El Renacimiento, a Newspaper with Too Much Alma Filipina. Glòria Cano. Kyoto University Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 49, No. 3, December 2011

jstor.org

Keen, Benjamin (1971). "The White Legend Revisited: A Reply to Professor Hanke's 'Modest Proposal'". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 51 (2): 336–355. doi:10.2307/2512479. JSTOR 2512479.
Keen, Benjamin (1969). "The Black Legend Revisited:Assumptions and Realities". Hispanic American Historical Review. 49 (4): 703–719. doi:10.1215/00182168-49.4.703. JSTOR 2511162.
Borah, Woodrow; Burkholder, Mark A.; Johnson, Lyman L. (November 1990). "Colonial Latin America". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 70 (4): 691. doi:10.2307/2516592. ISSN 0018-2168. JSTOR 2516592.
Keen, Benjamin (1969). "The Black Legend Revisited: Assumptions and Realities". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 49 (4): 703–719. doi:10.2307/2511162. JSTOR 2511162.
Moran, Katherine D. (2015). "Beyond the Black Legend: Catholicism and U.S. Empire-Building in the Philippines and Puerto Rico, 1898–1914". U.S. Catholic Historian. 33 (4): 27–51. ISSN 0735-8318. JSTOR 24584715.
Cano, Glòria (2008). "Evidence for the Deliberate Distortion of the Spanish Philippine Colonial Historical Record in "The Philippine Islands 1493–1898"". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 39 (1): 1–30. doi:10.1017/S0022463408000015. JSTOR 20071868. S2CID 159759508.
Keen, Benjamin (1969). "The Black Legend Revisited: Assumptions and Realities". Hispanic American Historical Review. 49 (4): 703–719. doi:10.1215/00182168-49.4.703. JSTOR 2511162.
Amago, Samuel (2005). "Why Spaniards make good bad guys: Sergi Lopez and the persistence of the Black Legend in contemporary American cinema". Film Criticism. 33 (1): 41–63. JSTOR 24777304.

larazon.es

"La Razón". 17 January 2018.

lavanguardia.com

Garcia Carcel, Ricardo (31 August 2019). "¿Imperiofobia o imperiofilia?". La Vanguardia. Retrieved 29 May 2020.

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loc.gov

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The Laws of Burgos: 500 Years of Human Rights, In Custodia Legis, Library of Congress

military-history.org

"The Dutch War of Independence". 15 December 2014.

naarden.nl

Lamers, Jaqueline. "Gemeente Naarden – Keverdijk, diverse straten". Municipality of Naarden, Netherlands. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 31 July 2011.

necrometrics.com

"Twentieth Century Atlas – Historical Body Count". necrometrics.com.

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GDB (7 September 2004). "'Spaanse furie' terug thuis". journal Het Nieuwsblad, Belgium. Retrieved 31 July 2011.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Larmuseau, Maarten H.D.; Calafell, Francesc; Princen, Sarah A.; Decorte, Ronny; Soen, Violet (2018). "The black legend on the Spanish presence in the low countries: Verifying shared beliefs on genetic ancestry". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 166 (1): 219–227. doi:10.1002/ajpa.23409. hdl:10230/37178. PMID 29327450.

nytimes.com

Horwitz, Tony (9 July 2006). "Immigration – and the Curse of the Black Legend". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 27 June 2018.
Opinion | Immigration – and the Curse of the Black Legend, Tony Horwitz

operawire.com

Salazar, David (11 March 2017). "Verdi's 'Don Carlo' As A World Of Failures". OperaWire. Retrieved 28 June 2023.

parkstad.com

"History – South-Limburg". www.parkstad.com. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 3 August 2011.

philippinestudies.net

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints: The Americans in the Philippines and the History of Spanish Rule in the Philippines. Glòria Cano [cached]

raha.es

revista.raha.es

Molina Martínez, Miguel (2012). "La Leyenda Negra revisitada: la polémica continúa" (PDF). Revista Hispanoamericana (2nd ed.). Revista Digital de la Real Academia Hispano Americana de Ciencias, Artes y Letras. ISSN 2174-0445.

rebelion.org

Mira Caballos, Esteban. "Mito, Realidad y actualidad de la leyenda negra". Rebelion.org. Retrieved 2 June 2020.

researchgate.net

"Uso de prácticas aterrorizantes en la conquista de las Indias: el ejemplo de las mutilaciones en vida". Jahrbuch fü Geschichte Lateinamerikas. 49 (1).

scielo.org.ve

www2.scielo.org.ve

"Tierra Firme - La Leyenda Negra y su influjo en la historiografía venezolana de la Independencia". www2.scielo.org.ve. Archived from the original on 29 December 2011. Retrieved 7 September 2022.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Cano, Glòria (2008). "Evidence for the Deliberate Distortion of the Spanish Philippine Colonial Historical Record in "The Philippine Islands 1493–1898"". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. 39 (1): 1–30. doi:10.1017/S0022463408000015. JSTOR 20071868. S2CID 159759508.

toynbeeprize.org

"How to Research the History of Maritime Asia and the Spanish Pacific During a Pandemic". Toynbee Prize Foundation. Retrieved 2 July 2021.

ua.es

rua.ua.es

The Ilustrado’s Orphan: Generational Misrecognition and the Filipino Self. Isaac Donoso. Universidad de Alicante

univie.ac.at

phaidra.univie.ac.at

When Political Economies Meet: Spain, China and Japan in Manila, 1571–1644 (pp. 12–16). Tremml-Werner, Birgit

uv.mx

cdigital.uv.mx

Fernandez Retamar, Roberto (1978). Contra la Leyenda Negra. Retrieved 30 May 2020.

vdoc.pub

"The Blood Of Government: Race, Empire, The United States, And The Philippines [PDF] [7ria93gnfph0]". vdoc.pub. Retrieved 20 June 2023.

wdl.org

"Mirror of the Cruel and Horrible Spanish Tyranny Perpetrated in the Netherlands, by the Tyrant, the Duke of Alba, and Other Commanders of King Philip II". World Digital Library. 1620. Retrieved 25 August 2013.

web.archive.org

Elsen, Jean (February 2007). "De nood-en belegeringsmunten van de Nederlandse opstand tegen Filips II – Historisch kader" (PDF). Collection J.R. Lasser (New York). Nood – en belegeringsmunten, Deel II (in Dutch). Jean Elsen & ses Fils s.a., Brussels, Belgium. pp. 4, 15. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 1 August 2011.
"Sold Items provided for Reference and Research Purposes – OHN Bellingham – Assassin, St Petersburg, Russia, 3 December 1806 – ALS". berryhillsturgeon.com. Archived from the original on 18 September 2011. Retrieved 3 August 2011.
"History – South-Limburg". www.parkstad.com. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 3 August 2011.
Burg, David F. (9 January 2004). "1567 Revolt of the Netherlands". A World History of Tax Rebellions – An Encyclopedia of Tax Rebels, Revolts, and Riots from Antiquity to the Present. Taylor and Francis, London, 2003, 2005; Routledge, 2004. ISBN 978-0-203-50089-7. Archived from the original on 4 August 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2011. ... in Madrid, Alba was accused of following his own whims rather than Philip's wishes. According to Henry Kamen, Medinaceli reported to the king that "Excessive rigour, the misconduct of some officers and soldiers, and the Tenth Penny, are the cause of all the ills, and not heresy or rebellion". — ... — One of the governor's officers reported that in the Netherlands "the name of the house of Alba" was held in abhorrence
Lamers, Jaqueline. "Gemeente Naarden – Keverdijk, diverse straten". Municipality of Naarden, Netherlands. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
Ortego y Gasca, Felipe de (2008). «La Leyenda Negra/The Black Legend: Historical Distortion, Defamation, Slander, Libel, and Stereotyping of Hispanics». Somos Primos (104 y 105).
González Talavera, Blanca (2011). Presencia y mecenazgo español en la Florencia medicea: de Cosme I a Fernando I. Universidad de Granada., pp. 19–20
Horwitz, Tony (9 July 2006). "Immigration – and the Curse of the Black Legend". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 27 June 2018.
"Tierra Firme - La Leyenda Negra y su influjo en la historiografía venezolana de la Independencia". www2.scielo.org.ve. Archived from the original on 29 December 2011. Retrieved 7 September 2022.

wiley.com

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Larmuseau, Maarten H.D.; Calafell, Francesc; Princen, Sarah A.; Decorte, Ronny; Soen, Violet (2018). "The black legend on the Spanish presence in the low countries: Verifying shared beliefs on genetic ancestry". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 166 (1): 219–227. doi:10.1002/ajpa.23409. hdl:10230/37178. PMID 29327450.

worldcat.org

Mills, Kenneth; Taylor, William B.; Lauderdale Graham, Sandra (2004) [2002]. Colonial Latin America : a documentary history. SR Books. ISBN 0-8420-2997-4. OCLC 61460372.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Borah, Woodrow; Burkholder, Mark A.; Johnson, Lyman L. (November 1990). "Colonial Latin America". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 70 (4): 691. doi:10.2307/2516592. ISSN 0018-2168. JSTOR 2516592.
Moran, Katherine D. (2015). "Beyond the Black Legend: Catholicism and U.S. Empire-Building in the Philippines and Puerto Rico, 1898–1914". U.S. Catholic Historian. 33 (4): 27–51. ISSN 0735-8318. JSTOR 24584715.
Molina Martínez, Miguel (2012). "La Leyenda Negra revisitada: la polémica continúa" (PDF). Revista Hispanoamericana (2nd ed.). Revista Digital de la Real Academia Hispano Americana de Ciencias, Artes y Letras. ISSN 2174-0445.

xn--elcaminoespaol-1nb.com

caminoespanol (19 September 2017). "El virus de la Leyenda Negra crece en... Italia, con su obra maestra de la literatura". El Camino Español (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 June 2023.