Melton, J. Gordon (9 March 2022). "Nation of Islam". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 13 December 2022. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
Harris, Robert L. (October 2013). "Malcolm X: Critical Assessments and Unanswered Questions". The Journal of African American History. 98 (4): 595–601. doi:10.5323/jafriamerhist.98.4.0595. S2CID148587259.
Joseph, Celucien L. (1 September 2012). ""The Haitian Turn": An Appraisal of Recent Literary and Historiographical Works on the Haitian Revolution". The Journal of Pan-African Studies. S2CID142051008.
Harris, Robert L. (October 2013). "Malcolm X: Critical Assessments and Unanswered Questions". The Journal of African American History. 98 (4): 595–601. doi:10.5323/jafriamerhist.98.4.0595. S2CID148587259.
Melton, J. Gordon (9 March 2022). "Nation of Islam". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 13 December 2022. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
Collins, Patricia Hill (2006). From Black Power to Hip Hop: Racism, Nationalism, and Feminism. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. p. 107. ISBN978-1-59213-091-7. OCLC60596227.
Halisi, Clyde (1967). The Quotable Karenga. Los Angeles: US Organization. p. 20. ASINB0007DTF4C. OCLC654980714.