Black pepper (English Wikipedia)

Prof. George Menachery; Fr. Werner Chakkalakkal, CMI (10 January 2001). "Cranganore: Past and Present". Kodungallur – The Cradle of Christianity in India. Archived from the original on 23 December 2013. Retrieved 11 May 2016.

ars-grin.gov

npgsweb.ars-grin.gov

"Piper nigrum". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2 March 2008.

books.google.com

Sen, Colleen Taylor (2004). Food Culture in India – Food culture around the world. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-313-32487-1. Peppers, called the king of spices, are the dried berries of a tropical vine native to Kerala, which is India's major producer
Hajeski, Nancy J (2016). National Geographic Complete Guide to Herbs and Spices: Remedies, Seasonings, and Ingredients to Improve Your Health and Enhance Your Life. National Geographic Books. p. 236. ISBN 978-1-4262-1588-9.
Aggarwal, Bharat B.; Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B. (2009). Molecular Targets and Therapeutic Uses of Spices: Modern Uses for Ancient Medicine. World Scientific. pp. 26–27. ISBN 978-981-283-791-2. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
Clarke, David (2006). "Long Residential Leases: Future Directions". In Bright, Susan (ed.). Landlord and Tenant Law: Past, Present and Future. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 171–190. ISBN 9781847312785.
Stephanie Fitzgerald (8 September 2008). Ramses II, Egyptian Pharaoh, Warrior, and Builder. Compass Point Books. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-7565-3836-1. Retrieved 29 January 2008.
Gibbon, Edward (1873) [1781]. History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Vol. III (New ed.). Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen & Haffelfinger. p. 272f79. OCLC 669186315.
James A. Duke (16 August 1993). CRC Handbook of Alternative Cash Crops. CRC Press. p. 395. ISBN 978-0-8493-3620-1. Retrieved 29 January 2009.
Lawless, Harry T.; Heymann, Hildegarde (2010). Sensory Evaluation of Food: Principles and Practices. Springer. pp. 62–3. ISBN 978-1-4419-6488-5.

brill.com

Foley, Brendan (31 January 2024). "Interim Report on Gribshunden (1495) Excavations: 2019–2021". Acta Archaeologica. 94 (1): 132–145. doi:10.1163/16000390-09401052. ISSN 0065-101X.

deccanherald.com

Manjunath Hegde, Bomnalli (19 October 2013). "Meet the pepper queen". Deccan Herald. No. Bangalore. Retrieved 22 January 2015.

doi.org

Jaramillo, M. Alejandra; Manos (2001). "Phylogeny and Patterns of Floral Diversity in the Genus Piper (Piperaceae)". American Journal of Botany. 88 (4): 706–16. doi:10.2307/2657072. JSTOR 2657072. PMID 11302858.
H. J. D. Dorman; S. G. Deans (2000). "Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils". Journal of Applied Microbiology. 88 (2): 308–16. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.00969.x. PMID 10736000. S2CID 21788355. Spices, which are used as integral ingredients in cuisine or added as flavouring agents to foods, are present in insufficient quantities for their antimicrobial properties to be significant.
Larsson, Mikael; Foley, Brendan (26 January 2023). "The king's spice cabinet–Plant remains from Gribshunden, a 15th century royal shipwreck in the Baltic Sea". PLOS ONE. 18 (1): e0281010. Bibcode:2023PLoSO..1881010L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0281010. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 9879437. PMID 36701280.
Foley, Brendan (31 January 2024). "Interim Report on Gribshunden (1495) Excavations: 2019–2021". Acta Archaeologica. 94 (1): 132–145. doi:10.1163/16000390-09401052. ISSN 0065-101X.
Finlay, Robert (2008). "The Voyages of Zheng He: Ideology, State Power, and Maritime Trade in Ming China". Journal of the Historical Society. 8 (3): 337. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5923.2008.00250.x.
Dawid, Corinna; Henze, Andrea; Frank, Oliver; Glabasnia, Anneke; Rupp, Mathias; Büning, Kirsten; Orlikowski, Diana; Bader, Matthias; Hofmann, Thomas (2012). "Structural and Sensory Characterization of Key Pungent and Tingling Compounds from Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.)". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 60 (11): 2884–2895. doi:10.1021/jf300036a. PMID 22352449.
Jirovetz, L; Buchbauer, G; Ngassoum, M. B.; Geissler, M (2002). "Aroma compound analysis of Piper nigrum and Piper guineense essential oils from Cameroon using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography, solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and olfactometry". Journal of Chromatography A. 976 (1–2): 265–75. doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(02)00376-x. PMID 12462618.
Steinhaus, Martin; Schieberle, Peter (28 June 2005). "Role of the Fermentation Process in Off-odorant Formation in White Pepper: On-site Trial in Thailand". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 53 (15): 6056–6060. doi:10.1021/jf050604s. PMID 16028995.
Siebert, Tracey E.; Wood, Claudia; Elsey, Gordon M.; Alan (2008). "Determination of Rotundone, the Pepper Aroma Impact Compound, in Grapes and Wine". J. Agric. Food Chem. 56 (10): 3745–3748. doi:10.1021/jf800184t. PMID 18461962.
Collings, Emma R.; Alamar Gavidia, M. Carmen; Cools, Katherine; Redfern, Sally; Terry, Leon A. (February 2018). "Effect of UV-C on the physiology and biochemical profile of fresh Piper nigrum berries". Postharvest Biology and Technology. 136: 161–165. doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2017.11.007. PMC 5727672. PMID 29398783.

efloras.org

"Piper nigrum Linnaeus". Flora of China.

fao.org

"Pepper (piper spp.), World regions/Production/Crops for 2019 (from pick list)". Food And Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Statistical Division (FAOSTAT). 2019. Retrieved 25 March 2021.

farmersalmanac.com

Higgins, Edward (25 May 2015). "Where Do Peppercorns Come From?". Farmers' Almanac. Retrieved 2 May 2022.

foodrepublic.com

Harrison, Paul (27 January 2016). "What Are The Different Kinds of Peppercorns?". Food Republic. Retrieved 21 November 2019.

frontline.in

"Muziris, at last?" Archived 23 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine R. Krishnakumar, http://www.frontline.in Frontline, 10–23 April 2010.

gernot-katzers-spice-pages.com

Katzer, Gernot (2006). Pepper Archived 5 December 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Gernot Katzer's Spice Pages. Retrieved 2 December 2012.

gutenberg.org

Yule, Henry; Cordier, Henri, Translation from The Travels of Marco Polo: The Complete Yule-Cordier Edition Archived 9 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Vol. 2, Dover. ISBN 0-486-27587-6. p. 204.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Larsson, Mikael; Foley, Brendan (26 January 2023). "The king's spice cabinet–Plant remains from Gribshunden, a 15th century royal shipwreck in the Baltic Sea". PLOS ONE. 18 (1): e0281010. Bibcode:2023PLoSO..1881010L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0281010. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 9879437. PMID 36701280.

herbalbeast.com

"Black Pepper Cultivation and Harvest". Thompson Martinez. Archived from the original on 9 August 2014. Retrieved 14 May 2014.

indianchristianity.com

Prof. George Menachery; Fr. Werner Chakkalakkal, CMI (10 January 2001). "Cranganore: Past and Present". Kodungallur – The Cradle of Christianity in India. Archived from the original on 23 December 2013. Retrieved 11 May 2016.

intracen.org

(2018, February 6). These are the world's three most traded spices. ITC. https://intracen.org/news-and-events/news/these-are-the-worlds-three-most-traded-spices

jstor.org

Jaramillo, M. Alejandra; Manos (2001). "Phylogeny and Patterns of Floral Diversity in the Genus Piper (Piperaceae)". American Journal of Botany. 88 (4): 706–16. doi:10.2307/2657072. JSTOR 2657072. PMID 11302858.

karvycommodities.com

"Karvy's special Reports — Seasonal Outlook Report Pepper" (PDF). Karvy Comtrade Limited. 15 May 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 January 2018. Retrieved 29 January 2008.

knowyourpantry.com

"Why Is Pepper Black? – Know Your Pantry". knowyourpantry.com. 22 October 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2022.

loc.gov

U.S. Library of Congress Science Reference Services, "Everyday Mysteries", Why does pepper make you sneeze? Archived 31 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 12 November 2005.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Jaramillo, M. Alejandra; Manos (2001). "Phylogeny and Patterns of Floral Diversity in the Genus Piper (Piperaceae)". American Journal of Botany. 88 (4): 706–16. doi:10.2307/2657072. JSTOR 2657072. PMID 11302858.
H. J. D. Dorman; S. G. Deans (2000). "Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils". Journal of Applied Microbiology. 88 (2): 308–16. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.00969.x. PMID 10736000. S2CID 21788355. Spices, which are used as integral ingredients in cuisine or added as flavouring agents to foods, are present in insufficient quantities for their antimicrobial properties to be significant.
Larsson, Mikael; Foley, Brendan (26 January 2023). "The king's spice cabinet–Plant remains from Gribshunden, a 15th century royal shipwreck in the Baltic Sea". PLOS ONE. 18 (1): e0281010. Bibcode:2023PLoSO..1881010L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0281010. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 9879437. PMID 36701280.
Dawid, Corinna; Henze, Andrea; Frank, Oliver; Glabasnia, Anneke; Rupp, Mathias; Büning, Kirsten; Orlikowski, Diana; Bader, Matthias; Hofmann, Thomas (2012). "Structural and Sensory Characterization of Key Pungent and Tingling Compounds from Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.)". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 60 (11): 2884–2895. doi:10.1021/jf300036a. PMID 22352449.
Jirovetz, L; Buchbauer, G; Ngassoum, M. B.; Geissler, M (2002). "Aroma compound analysis of Piper nigrum and Piper guineense essential oils from Cameroon using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography, solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and olfactometry". Journal of Chromatography A. 976 (1–2): 265–75. doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(02)00376-x. PMID 12462618.
Steinhaus, Martin; Schieberle, Peter (28 June 2005). "Role of the Fermentation Process in Off-odorant Formation in White Pepper: On-site Trial in Thailand". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 53 (15): 6056–6060. doi:10.1021/jf050604s. PMID 16028995.
Siebert, Tracey E.; Wood, Claudia; Elsey, Gordon M.; Alan (2008). "Determination of Rotundone, the Pepper Aroma Impact Compound, in Grapes and Wine". J. Agric. Food Chem. 56 (10): 3745–3748. doi:10.1021/jf800184t. PMID 18461962.
Collings, Emma R.; Alamar Gavidia, M. Carmen; Cools, Katherine; Redfern, Sally; Terry, Leon A. (February 2018). "Effect of UV-C on the physiology and biochemical profile of fresh Piper nigrum berries". Postharvest Biology and Technology. 136: 161–165. doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2017.11.007. PMC 5727672. PMID 29398783.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Larsson, Mikael; Foley, Brendan (26 January 2023). "The king's spice cabinet–Plant remains from Gribshunden, a 15th century royal shipwreck in the Baltic Sea". PLOS ONE. 18 (1): e0281010. Bibcode:2023PLoSO..1881010L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0281010. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 9879437. PMID 36701280.
Collings, Emma R.; Alamar Gavidia, M. Carmen; Cools, Katherine; Redfern, Sally; Terry, Leon A. (February 2018). "Effect of UV-C on the physiology and biochemical profile of fresh Piper nigrum berries". Postharvest Biology and Technology. 136: 161–165. doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2017.11.007. PMC 5727672. PMID 29398783.

ochef.com

Ochef, Using fresh green peppercorns Archived 4 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 6 November 2005.

rmg.co.uk

"The Spice Islands | Royal Museums Greenwich". www.rmg.co.uk. Retrieved 23 October 2024.

self.com

nutritiondata.self.com

"Nutrition facts for black pepper, one tablespoon (6 g); USDA Nutrient Database, version SR-21". Conde Nast. 2014. Retrieved 25 October 2014.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

H. J. D. Dorman; S. G. Deans (2000). "Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils". Journal of Applied Microbiology. 88 (2): 308–16. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.00969.x. PMID 10736000. S2CID 21788355. Spices, which are used as integral ingredients in cuisine or added as flavouring agents to foods, are present in insufficient quantities for their antimicrobial properties to be significant.

thehindu.com

"Artefacts from the lost Port of Muziris." Archived 13 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Hindu. 3 December 2014.
"Pattanam richest Indo-Roman site on Indian Ocean rim." Archived 13 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Hindu. 3 May 2009.

thehindubusinessline.com

"Cleaner technology for white pepper production". The Hindu Business line. 27 March 2008. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 29 January 2009.

tis-gdv.de

Pepper. Tis-gdv.de. Retrieved on 31 October 2012.

tufts.edu

perseus.tufts.edu

From Bostock and Riley's 1855 translation. Text online Archived 23 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine.

web.archive.org

"Cleaner technology for white pepper production". The Hindu Business line. 27 March 2008. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 29 January 2009.
Ochef, Using fresh green peppercorns Archived 4 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 6 November 2005.
Katzer, Gernot (2006). Pepper Archived 5 December 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Gernot Katzer's Spice Pages. Retrieved 2 December 2012.
"Black Pepper Cultivation and Harvest". Thompson Martinez. Archived from the original on 9 August 2014. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
"Karvy's special Reports — Seasonal Outlook Report Pepper" (PDF). Karvy Comtrade Limited. 15 May 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 January 2018. Retrieved 29 January 2008.
"Artefacts from the lost Port of Muziris." Archived 13 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Hindu. 3 December 2014.
"Muziris, at last?" Archived 23 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine R. Krishnakumar, http://www.frontline.in Frontline, 10–23 April 2010.
"Pattanam richest Indo-Roman site on Indian Ocean rim." Archived 13 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Hindu. 3 May 2009.
From Bostock and Riley's 1855 translation. Text online Archived 23 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine.
Yule, Henry; Cordier, Henri, Translation from The Travels of Marco Polo: The Complete Yule-Cordier Edition Archived 9 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Vol. 2, Dover. ISBN 0-486-27587-6. p. 204.
U.S. Library of Congress Science Reference Services, "Everyday Mysteries", Why does pepper make you sneeze? Archived 31 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 12 November 2005.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Srinivasa Iyengar, P. T. (1912). History of the Indian people. Life in ancient India in the age of the mantras. Madras: Srinivasa Varadachari & Co. p. 8. OCLC 613210854.
Gibbon, Edward (1873) [1781]. History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Vol. III (New ed.). Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen & Haffelfinger. p. 272f79. OCLC 669186315.
Larsson, Mikael; Foley, Brendan (26 January 2023). "The king's spice cabinet–Plant remains from Gribshunden, a 15th century royal shipwreck in the Baltic Sea". PLOS ONE. 18 (1): e0281010. Bibcode:2023PLoSO..1881010L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0281010. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 9879437. PMID 36701280.
Foley, Brendan (31 January 2024). "Interim Report on Gribshunden (1495) Excavations: 2019–2021". Acta Archaeologica. 94 (1): 132–145. doi:10.1163/16000390-09401052. ISSN 0065-101X.
Montagne, Prosper (2001). Larousse Gastronomique. Hamlyn. p. 726. ISBN 978-0-600-60235-4. OCLC 47231315. "Mill".