Blinded experiment (English Wikipedia)

Fétis FJ (1868). Biographie Universelle des Musiciens et Bibliographie Générale de la Musique, Tome 1 (Second ed.). Paris: Firmin Didot Frères, Fils, et Cie. p. 249. Retrieved 2011-07-21.
Alder K (2006). Kramer LS, Maza SC (eds.). A Companion to Western Historical Thought. Blackwell Companions to History. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 307. ISBN 978-1-4051-4961-7. Retrieved 2012-02-11. Shortly after the start of the Cold War [...] double-blind reviews became the norm for conducting scientific medical research, as well as the means by which peers evaluated scholarship, both in science and in history. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

cebm.net

"Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine - Levels of Evidence (March 2009) - CEBM". cebm.net. 11 June 2009. Archived from the original on 26 October 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
"Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine - Levels of Evidence (March 2009) - CEBM". cebm.net. 11 June 2009. Archived from the original on 26 October 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2018.

discovermagazine.com

"Violinists can't tell the difference between Stradivarius violins and new ones" by Ed Yong, Discover, 2 January 2012.

doi.org

Bello, Segun; Moustgaard, Helene; Hróbjartsson, Asbjørn (October 2014). "The risk of unblinding was infrequently and incompletely reported in 300 randomized clinical trial publications". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 67 (10): 1059–1069. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.05.007. ISSN 1878-5921. PMID 24973822.
Stolberg, M. (December 2006). "Inventing the randomized double-blind trial: the Nuremberg salt test of 1835". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 99 (12): 642–643. doi:10.1177/014107680609901216. PMC 1676327. PMID 17139070.
Daston L (2005). "Scientific Error and the Ethos of Belief". Social Research. 72 (1): 18. doi:10.1353/sor.2005.0016. S2CID 141036212.
Rivers WH, Webber HN (August 1907). "The action of caffeine on the capacity for muscular work". The Journal of Physiology. 36 (1): 33–47. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1907.sp001215. PMC 1533733. PMID 16992882.
Hróbjartsson, A; Emanuelsson, F; Skou Thomsen, AS; Hilden, J; Brorson, S (August 2014). "Bias due to lack of patient blinding in clinical trials. A systematic review of trials randomizing patients to blind and nonblind sub-studies". International Journal of Epidemiology. 43 (4): 1272–83. doi:10.1093/ije/dyu115. PMC 4258786. PMID 24881045.
Bello, S; Krogsbøll, LT; Gruber, J; Zhao, ZJ; Fischer, D; Hróbjartsson, A (September 2014). "Lack of blinding of outcome assessors in animal model experiments implies risk of observer bias". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 67 (9): 973–83. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.04.008. PMID 24972762.
MacCoun, Robert; Perlmutter, Saul (7 October 2015). "Blind analysis: Hide results to seek the truth". Nature. 526 (7572): 187–189. Bibcode:2015Natur.526..187M. doi:10.1038/526187a. PMID 26450040.
Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Altman DG (February 2002). "The landscape and lexicon of blinding in randomized trials". Annals of Internal Medicine. 136 (3): 254–9. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-136-3-200202050-00022. PMID 11827510. S2CID 34932997.
Moher, David; Hopewell, Sally; Schulz, Kenneth F.; Montori, Victor; Gøtzsche, Peter C.; Devereaux, P. J.; Elbourne, Diana; Egger, Matthias; Altman, Douglas G. (23 March 2010). "CONSORT 2010 explanation and elaboration: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 340: c869. doi:10.1136/bmj.c869. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 2844943. PMID 20332511.
Bello, Segun; Moustgaard, Helene; Hróbjartsson, Asbjørn (2017). "Unreported formal assessment of unblinding occurred in 4 of 10 randomized clinical trials, unreported loss of blinding in 1 of 10 trials". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 81: 42–50. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.08.002. ISSN 1878-5921. PMID 27555081.
Schulz, Kenneth F.; Grimes, David A. (23 February 2002). "Blinding in randomised trials: hiding who got what". Lancet. 359 (9307): 696–700. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07816-9. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 11879884. S2CID 11578262.
Kolahi, J; Bang, H; Park, J (December 2009). "Towards a proposal for assessment of blinding success in clinical trials: up-to-date review". Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 37 (6): 477–84. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2009.00494.x. ISSN 1600-0528. PMC 3044082. PMID 19758415.
Dinnett EM, Mungall MM, Kent JA, Ronald ES, McIntyre KE, Anderson E, Gaw A (2005). "Unblinding of trial participants to their treatment allocation: lessons from the Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER)". Clin Trials. 2 (3): 254–259. doi:10.1191/1740774505cn089oa. PMID 16279148. S2CID 36252366.
Quittell, Lynne M. (3 October 2018). "The Scientific and Social Implications of Unblinding a Study Subject". The American Journal of Bioethics. 18 (10): 71–73. doi:10.1080/15265161.2018.1513589. ISSN 1526-5161. PMID 30339067. S2CID 53014880.
Double, D. B. (19 October 1996). "Placebo mania. Placebo controlled trials are needed to provide data on effectiveness of active treatment". BMJ: British Medical Journal. 313 (7063): 1008–9. doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7063.1008b. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 2352320. PMID 8892442.
Rees, Judy R.; Wade, Timothy J.; Levy, Deborah A.; Colford, John M.; Hilton, Joan F. (February 2005). "Changes in beliefs identify unblinding in randomized controlled trials: a method to meet CONSORT guidelines". Contemporary Clinical Trials. 26 (1): 25–37. doi:10.1016/j.cct.2004.11.020. PMID 15837450.
Moher, David; Altman, Douglas G.; Schulz, Kenneth F. (24 March 2010). "CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials". BMJ. 340: c332. doi:10.1136/bmj.c332. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 2844940. PMID 20332509.
Siegfried, Tom (2010). "Odds are, it's wrong: Science fails to face the shortcomings of statistics". Science News. 177 (7): 26–29. doi:10.1002/scin.5591770721. ISSN 1943-0930.
Colagiuri, Ben; Sharpe, Louise; Scott, Amelia (September 2018). "The Blind Leading the Not-So-Blind: A Meta-Analysis of Blinding in Pharmacological Trials for Chronic Pain". The Journal of Pain. 20 (5): 489–500. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2018.09.002. ISSN 1526-5900. PMID 30248448. S2CID 52813251. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
Perlis, Roy H.; Ostacher, Michael; Fava, Maurizio; Nierenberg, Andrew A.; Sachs, Gary S.; Rosenbaum, Jerrold F. (2010). "Assuring that double-blind is blind". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 167 (3): 250–252. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09060820. ISSN 1535-7228. PMID 20194487. S2CID 207628021.
White, K.; Kando, J.; Park, T.; Waternaux, C.; Brown, W. A. (December 1992). "Side effects and the "blindability" of clinical drug trials". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 149 (12): 1730–1731. doi:10.1176/ajp.149.12.1730. ISSN 0002-953X. PMID 1443253.
Moncrieff, Joanna; Wessely, Simon; Hardy, Rebecca (2 January 2018). "Meta-analysis of trials comparing antidepressants with active placebos". British Journal of Psychiatry. 172 (3): 227–231. doi:10.1192/bjp.172.3.227. ISSN 0007-1250. PMID 9614471. S2CID 4975797.
Greenberg, RP; Bornstein, RF; Greenberg, MD; Fisher, S (October 1992). "A meta-analysis of antidepressant outcome under "blinder" conditions". Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 60 (5): 664–9, discussion 670–7. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.60.5.664. ISSN 0022-006X. PMID 1401382.
Moncrieff, J; Wessely, S; Hardy, R (2004). "Active placebos versus antidepressants for depression". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2012 (1): CD003012. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003012.pub2. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 8407353. PMID 14974002.
Ioannidis, JP (27 May 2008). "Effectiveness of antidepressants: an evidence myth constructed from a thousand randomized trials?". Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine. 3: 14. doi:10.1186/1747-5341-3-14. ISSN 1747-5341. PMC 2412901. PMID 18505564.
Kirsch, Irving (2014). "Antidepressants and the Placebo Effect". Zeitschrift für Psychologie. 222 (3): 128–134. doi:10.1027/2151-2604/a000176. ISSN 2190-8370. PMC 4172306. PMID 25279271.
Dincer, F; Linde, K. (December 2003). "Sham interventions in randomized clinical trials of acupuncture—a review". Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 11 (4): 235–242. doi:10.1016/S0965-2299(03)00124-9. PMID 15022656.
Vase, L; Baram, S; Takakura, N; Takayama, M; Yajima, H; Kawase, A; Schuster, L; Kaptchuk, TJ; Schou, S; Jensen, TS; Zachariae, R; Svensson, P (2015). "Can acupuncture treatment be double-blinded? An evaluation of double-blind acupuncture treatment of postoperative pain". PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0119612. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1019612V. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119612. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4352029. PMID 25747157.
Fritz, C. (2012). "Player preferences among new and old violins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (3): 760–63. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109..760F. doi:10.1073/pnas.1114999109. PMC 3271912. PMID 22215592.

fda.gov

"E6(R2) Good Clinical Practice: Integrated Addendum to ICH E6(R1) Guidance for Industry" (PDF). fda.gov. 2019-04-05. Retrieved 21 April 2019.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

MacCoun, Robert; Perlmutter, Saul (7 October 2015). "Blind analysis: Hide results to seek the truth". Nature. 526 (7572): 187–189. Bibcode:2015Natur.526..187M. doi:10.1038/526187a. PMID 26450040.
Vase, L; Baram, S; Takakura, N; Takayama, M; Yajima, H; Kawase, A; Schuster, L; Kaptchuk, TJ; Schou, S; Jensen, TS; Zachariae, R; Svensson, P (2015). "Can acupuncture treatment be double-blinded? An evaluation of double-blind acupuncture treatment of postoperative pain". PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0119612. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1019612V. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119612. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4352029. PMID 25747157.
Fritz, C. (2012). "Player preferences among new and old violins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (3): 760–63. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109..760F. doi:10.1073/pnas.1114999109. PMC 3271912. PMID 22215592.

jpain.org

Colagiuri, Ben; Sharpe, Louise; Scott, Amelia (September 2018). "The Blind Leading the Not-So-Blind: A Meta-Analysis of Blinding in Pharmacological Trials for Chronic Pain". The Journal of Pain. 20 (5): 489–500. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2018.09.002. ISSN 1526-5900. PMID 30248448. S2CID 52813251. Retrieved 22 April 2019.

legalaffairs.org

Koerner BI (July–August 2002). "Under the Microscope". Legal Affairs. Retrieved 2 May 2018.

nature.com

Ledford, Heidi. "A question of Control" (PDF). Nature Magazine. Retrieved 24 April 2019.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Bello, Segun; Moustgaard, Helene; Hróbjartsson, Asbjørn (October 2014). "The risk of unblinding was infrequently and incompletely reported in 300 randomized clinical trial publications". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 67 (10): 1059–1069. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.05.007. ISSN 1878-5921. PMID 24973822.
Stolberg, M. (December 2006). "Inventing the randomized double-blind trial: the Nuremberg salt test of 1835". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 99 (12): 642–643. doi:10.1177/014107680609901216. PMC 1676327. PMID 17139070.
Rivers WH, Webber HN (August 1907). "The action of caffeine on the capacity for muscular work". The Journal of Physiology. 36 (1): 33–47. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1907.sp001215. PMC 1533733. PMID 16992882.
Hróbjartsson, A; Emanuelsson, F; Skou Thomsen, AS; Hilden, J; Brorson, S (August 2014). "Bias due to lack of patient blinding in clinical trials. A systematic review of trials randomizing patients to blind and nonblind sub-studies". International Journal of Epidemiology. 43 (4): 1272–83. doi:10.1093/ije/dyu115. PMC 4258786. PMID 24881045.
Bello, S; Krogsbøll, LT; Gruber, J; Zhao, ZJ; Fischer, D; Hróbjartsson, A (September 2014). "Lack of blinding of outcome assessors in animal model experiments implies risk of observer bias". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 67 (9): 973–83. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.04.008. PMID 24972762.
MacCoun, Robert; Perlmutter, Saul (7 October 2015). "Blind analysis: Hide results to seek the truth". Nature. 526 (7572): 187–189. Bibcode:2015Natur.526..187M. doi:10.1038/526187a. PMID 26450040.
Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Altman DG (February 2002). "The landscape and lexicon of blinding in randomized trials". Annals of Internal Medicine. 136 (3): 254–9. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-136-3-200202050-00022. PMID 11827510. S2CID 34932997.
Moher, David; Hopewell, Sally; Schulz, Kenneth F.; Montori, Victor; Gøtzsche, Peter C.; Devereaux, P. J.; Elbourne, Diana; Egger, Matthias; Altman, Douglas G. (23 March 2010). "CONSORT 2010 explanation and elaboration: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 340: c869. doi:10.1136/bmj.c869. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 2844943. PMID 20332511.
Bello, Segun; Moustgaard, Helene; Hróbjartsson, Asbjørn (2017). "Unreported formal assessment of unblinding occurred in 4 of 10 randomized clinical trials, unreported loss of blinding in 1 of 10 trials". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 81: 42–50. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.08.002. ISSN 1878-5921. PMID 27555081.
Schulz, Kenneth F.; Grimes, David A. (23 February 2002). "Blinding in randomised trials: hiding who got what". Lancet. 359 (9307): 696–700. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07816-9. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 11879884. S2CID 11578262.
Kolahi, J; Bang, H; Park, J (December 2009). "Towards a proposal for assessment of blinding success in clinical trials: up-to-date review". Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 37 (6): 477–84. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2009.00494.x. ISSN 1600-0528. PMC 3044082. PMID 19758415.
Dinnett EM, Mungall MM, Kent JA, Ronald ES, McIntyre KE, Anderson E, Gaw A (2005). "Unblinding of trial participants to their treatment allocation: lessons from the Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER)". Clin Trials. 2 (3): 254–259. doi:10.1191/1740774505cn089oa. PMID 16279148. S2CID 36252366.
Quittell, Lynne M. (3 October 2018). "The Scientific and Social Implications of Unblinding a Study Subject". The American Journal of Bioethics. 18 (10): 71–73. doi:10.1080/15265161.2018.1513589. ISSN 1526-5161. PMID 30339067. S2CID 53014880.
Double, D. B. (19 October 1996). "Placebo mania. Placebo controlled trials are needed to provide data on effectiveness of active treatment". BMJ: British Medical Journal. 313 (7063): 1008–9. doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7063.1008b. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 2352320. PMID 8892442.
Rees, Judy R.; Wade, Timothy J.; Levy, Deborah A.; Colford, John M.; Hilton, Joan F. (February 2005). "Changes in beliefs identify unblinding in randomized controlled trials: a method to meet CONSORT guidelines". Contemporary Clinical Trials. 26 (1): 25–37. doi:10.1016/j.cct.2004.11.020. PMID 15837450.
Moher, David; Altman, Douglas G.; Schulz, Kenneth F. (24 March 2010). "CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials". BMJ. 340: c332. doi:10.1136/bmj.c332. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 2844940. PMID 20332509.
Colagiuri, Ben; Sharpe, Louise; Scott, Amelia (September 2018). "The Blind Leading the Not-So-Blind: A Meta-Analysis of Blinding in Pharmacological Trials for Chronic Pain". The Journal of Pain. 20 (5): 489–500. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2018.09.002. ISSN 1526-5900. PMID 30248448. S2CID 52813251. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
Perlis, Roy H.; Ostacher, Michael; Fava, Maurizio; Nierenberg, Andrew A.; Sachs, Gary S.; Rosenbaum, Jerrold F. (2010). "Assuring that double-blind is blind". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 167 (3): 250–252. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09060820. ISSN 1535-7228. PMID 20194487. S2CID 207628021.
White, K.; Kando, J.; Park, T.; Waternaux, C.; Brown, W. A. (December 1992). "Side effects and the "blindability" of clinical drug trials". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 149 (12): 1730–1731. doi:10.1176/ajp.149.12.1730. ISSN 0002-953X. PMID 1443253.
Moncrieff, Joanna; Wessely, Simon; Hardy, Rebecca (2 January 2018). "Meta-analysis of trials comparing antidepressants with active placebos". British Journal of Psychiatry. 172 (3): 227–231. doi:10.1192/bjp.172.3.227. ISSN 0007-1250. PMID 9614471. S2CID 4975797.
Greenberg, RP; Bornstein, RF; Greenberg, MD; Fisher, S (October 1992). "A meta-analysis of antidepressant outcome under "blinder" conditions". Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 60 (5): 664–9, discussion 670–7. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.60.5.664. ISSN 0022-006X. PMID 1401382.
Moncrieff, J; Wessely, S; Hardy, R (2004). "Active placebos versus antidepressants for depression". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2012 (1): CD003012. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003012.pub2. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 8407353. PMID 14974002.
Ioannidis, JP (27 May 2008). "Effectiveness of antidepressants: an evidence myth constructed from a thousand randomized trials?". Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine. 3: 14. doi:10.1186/1747-5341-3-14. ISSN 1747-5341. PMC 2412901. PMID 18505564.
Kirsch, Irving (2014). "Antidepressants and the Placebo Effect". Zeitschrift für Psychologie. 222 (3): 128–134. doi:10.1027/2151-2604/a000176. ISSN 2190-8370. PMC 4172306. PMID 25279271.
Dincer, F; Linde, K. (December 2003). "Sham interventions in randomized clinical trials of acupuncture—a review". Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 11 (4): 235–242. doi:10.1016/S0965-2299(03)00124-9. PMID 15022656.
Vase, L; Baram, S; Takakura, N; Takayama, M; Yajima, H; Kawase, A; Schuster, L; Kaptchuk, TJ; Schou, S; Jensen, TS; Zachariae, R; Svensson, P (2015). "Can acupuncture treatment be double-blinded? An evaluation of double-blind acupuncture treatment of postoperative pain". PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0119612. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1019612V. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119612. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4352029. PMID 25747157.
Fritz, C. (2012). "Player preferences among new and old violins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (3): 760–63. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109..760F. doi:10.1073/pnas.1114999109. PMC 3271912. PMID 22215592.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Stolberg, M. (December 2006). "Inventing the randomized double-blind trial: the Nuremberg salt test of 1835". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 99 (12): 642–643. doi:10.1177/014107680609901216. PMC 1676327. PMID 17139070.
Rivers WH, Webber HN (August 1907). "The action of caffeine on the capacity for muscular work". The Journal of Physiology. 36 (1): 33–47. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1907.sp001215. PMC 1533733. PMID 16992882.
Hróbjartsson, A; Emanuelsson, F; Skou Thomsen, AS; Hilden, J; Brorson, S (August 2014). "Bias due to lack of patient blinding in clinical trials. A systematic review of trials randomizing patients to blind and nonblind sub-studies". International Journal of Epidemiology. 43 (4): 1272–83. doi:10.1093/ije/dyu115. PMC 4258786. PMID 24881045.
Moher, David; Hopewell, Sally; Schulz, Kenneth F.; Montori, Victor; Gøtzsche, Peter C.; Devereaux, P. J.; Elbourne, Diana; Egger, Matthias; Altman, Douglas G. (23 March 2010). "CONSORT 2010 explanation and elaboration: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 340: c869. doi:10.1136/bmj.c869. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 2844943. PMID 20332511.
Kolahi, J; Bang, H; Park, J (December 2009). "Towards a proposal for assessment of blinding success in clinical trials: up-to-date review". Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 37 (6): 477–84. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2009.00494.x. ISSN 1600-0528. PMC 3044082. PMID 19758415.
Double, D. B. (19 October 1996). "Placebo mania. Placebo controlled trials are needed to provide data on effectiveness of active treatment". BMJ: British Medical Journal. 313 (7063): 1008–9. doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7063.1008b. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 2352320. PMID 8892442.
Moher, David; Altman, Douglas G.; Schulz, Kenneth F. (24 March 2010). "CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials". BMJ. 340: c332. doi:10.1136/bmj.c332. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 2844940. PMID 20332509.
Moncrieff, J; Wessely, S; Hardy, R (2004). "Active placebos versus antidepressants for depression". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2012 (1): CD003012. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003012.pub2. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 8407353. PMID 14974002.
Ioannidis, JP (27 May 2008). "Effectiveness of antidepressants: an evidence myth constructed from a thousand randomized trials?". Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine. 3: 14. doi:10.1186/1747-5341-3-14. ISSN 1747-5341. PMC 2412901. PMID 18505564.
Kirsch, Irving (2014). "Antidepressants and the Placebo Effect". Zeitschrift für Psychologie. 222 (3): 128–134. doi:10.1027/2151-2604/a000176. ISSN 2190-8370. PMC 4172306. PMID 25279271.
Vase, L; Baram, S; Takakura, N; Takayama, M; Yajima, H; Kawase, A; Schuster, L; Kaptchuk, TJ; Schou, S; Jensen, TS; Zachariae, R; Svensson, P (2015). "Can acupuncture treatment be double-blinded? An evaluation of double-blind acupuncture treatment of postoperative pain". PLOS ONE. 10 (3): e0119612. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1019612V. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119612. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4352029. PMID 25747157.
Fritz, C. (2012). "Player preferences among new and old violins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (3): 760–63. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109..760F. doi:10.1073/pnas.1114999109. PMC 3271912. PMID 22215592.

nytimes.com

Miller CC (25 February 2016). "Is Blind Hiring the Best Hiring?". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 April 2019.

pharmaceutical-journal.com

JUL 2009, The Pharmaceutical Journal31 (31 July 2009). "An example of problems that arise from clinical trials and how to avoid them". Pharmaceutical Journal. 283: 129–130. Retrieved 24 April 2019.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Daston L (2005). "Scientific Error and the Ethos of Belief". Social Research. 72 (1): 18. doi:10.1353/sor.2005.0016. S2CID 141036212.
Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Altman DG (February 2002). "The landscape and lexicon of blinding in randomized trials". Annals of Internal Medicine. 136 (3): 254–9. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-136-3-200202050-00022. PMID 11827510. S2CID 34932997.
Schulz, Kenneth F.; Grimes, David A. (23 February 2002). "Blinding in randomised trials: hiding who got what". Lancet. 359 (9307): 696–700. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07816-9. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 11879884. S2CID 11578262.
Dinnett EM, Mungall MM, Kent JA, Ronald ES, McIntyre KE, Anderson E, Gaw A (2005). "Unblinding of trial participants to their treatment allocation: lessons from the Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER)". Clin Trials. 2 (3): 254–259. doi:10.1191/1740774505cn089oa. PMID 16279148. S2CID 36252366.
Quittell, Lynne M. (3 October 2018). "The Scientific and Social Implications of Unblinding a Study Subject". The American Journal of Bioethics. 18 (10): 71–73. doi:10.1080/15265161.2018.1513589. ISSN 1526-5161. PMID 30339067. S2CID 53014880.
Colagiuri, Ben; Sharpe, Louise; Scott, Amelia (September 2018). "The Blind Leading the Not-So-Blind: A Meta-Analysis of Blinding in Pharmacological Trials for Chronic Pain". The Journal of Pain. 20 (5): 489–500. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2018.09.002. ISSN 1526-5900. PMID 30248448. S2CID 52813251. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
Perlis, Roy H.; Ostacher, Michael; Fava, Maurizio; Nierenberg, Andrew A.; Sachs, Gary S.; Rosenbaum, Jerrold F. (2010). "Assuring that double-blind is blind". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 167 (3): 250–252. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09060820. ISSN 1535-7228. PMID 20194487. S2CID 207628021.
Moncrieff, Joanna; Wessely, Simon; Hardy, Rebecca (2 January 2018). "Meta-analysis of trials comparing antidepressants with active placebos". British Journal of Psychiatry. 172 (3): 227–231. doi:10.1192/bjp.172.3.227. ISSN 0007-1250. PMID 9614471. S2CID 4975797.

unmc.edu

digitalcommons.unmc.edu

Rees, Judy R.; Wade, Timothy J.; Levy, Deborah A.; Colford, John M.; Hilton, Joan F. (February 2005). "Changes in beliefs identify unblinding in randomized controlled trials: a method to meet CONSORT guidelines". Contemporary Clinical Trials. 26 (1): 25–37. doi:10.1016/j.cct.2004.11.020. PMID 15837450.

web.archive.org

"Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine - Levels of Evidence (March 2009) - CEBM". cebm.net. 11 June 2009. Archived from the original on 26 October 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
"Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine - Levels of Evidence (March 2009) - CEBM". cebm.net. 11 June 2009. Archived from the original on 26 October 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2018.

worldcat.org

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