Bloomery (English Wikipedia)

Eze–Uzomaka, Pamela. "Iron and its influence on the prehistoric site of Lejja". Academia.edu. University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. Retrieved 12 December 2014.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Bolles, Albert Sidney (1878). Industrial history of the United States, from the earliest settlements to the present time: being a complete survey of American industries, embracing agriculture and horticulture; including the cultivation of cotton, tobacco, wheat; the raising of horses, neat-cattle, etc.; all the important manufactures, shipping and fisheries, railroads, mines and mining, and oil; also a history of the coal-miners and the Molly Maguires; banks, insurance, and commerce; trade-unions, strikes, and eight-hour movement; together with a description of Canadian industries. Norwich, Connecticut: Henry Bill Publishing Company. p. 193.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Eggert, Manfred (2014). "Early iron in West and Central Africa". In Breunig, P (ed.). Nok: African Sculpture in Archaeological Context. Frankfurt, Germany: Africa Magna. pp. 53–54. ISBN 9783937248462.

britannica.com (Global: 40^th place; English: 58^th place)

"Bloomery process". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 15 July 2017. The final version of this kind of bloomery hearth survived in Spain until the 19th century.

cantondropforge.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The History of Forging - Now and Then". Canton Drop Forge.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Holl, Augustin F. C. (6 November 2009). "Early West African Metallurgies: New Data and Old Orthodoxy". Journal of World Prehistory. 22 (4): 415–438. doi:10.1007/s10963-009-9030-6. S2CID 161611760.
Juleff, Gill (January 1996). "An ancient wind-powered iron smelting technology in Sri Lanka". Nature. 379 (6560): 60–63. Bibcode:1996Natur.379...60J. doi:10.1038/379060a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 205026185.

exarc.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Markewitz, Darrell (15 January 2012). "But if you don't get any IRON ... - Towards an Effective Method for Small Iron Smelting Furnaces". EXARC Journal (EXARC Journal 2012/1). ISSN 2212-8956.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Juleff, Gill (January 1996). "An ancient wind-powered iron smelting technology in Sri Lanka". Nature. 379 (6560): 60–63. Bibcode:1996Natur.379...60J. doi:10.1038/379060a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 205026185.

illinois.edu (Global: 1,349^th place; English: 866^th place)

dtrinkle.matse.illinois.edu

Ranganathan, Srinivasa; Srinivasan, Sharada (1997). "Metallurgical Heritage of India". Golden Jubilee Souvenir, Indian Institute of Science. University of Illinois, Department of Materials Science and Engineering. pp. 29–36. Retrieved 30 October 2019.

jernkontoret.se (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The blast furnace in earlier times". Jernkontoret. 21 December 2018. Archived from the original on 26 December 2023.

mansfieldma.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"History of Mansfield | Mansfield, MA". www.mansfieldma.com. Retrieved 19 June 2025.

natlib.govt.nz (Global: 2,685^th place; English: 1,516^th place)

rsnz.natlib.govt.nz

Chambers, J. M.; Communicated by Evan Parry (17 June 1918). "New Zealand Ironsands: an Historical Account of an Attempt to Smelt Ironsands at Onehunga in 1883" (PDF).

nature.com (Global: 234^th place; English: 397^th place)

Juleff, Gill (January 1996). "An ancient wind-powered iron smelting technology in Sri Lanka". Nature. 379 (6560): 60–63. Bibcode:1996Natur.379...60J. doi:10.1038/379060a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 205026185.

nla.gov.au (Global: 275^th place; English: 181^st place)

"Sydney News". Maitland Mercury and Hunter River General Advertiser. 7 February 1849. p. 4. Retrieved 3 May 2019 – via Trove.

oakeshott.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Some Aspects of the Metallurgy and Production of European Armor". Archived from the original on 22 April 2002. Retrieved 14 July 2012.

scholar.google.com (Global: 1,697^th place; English: 1,040^th place)

Hoyland, Robert G. (2006). "Medieval Islamic swords and swordmaking: Kindi's treatise 'On swords and their kinds' (edition, translation, and commentary)". Retrieved 9 October 2022 – via Google Scholar.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Holl, Augustin F. C. (6 November 2009). "Early West African Metallurgies: New Data and Old Orthodoxy". Journal of World Prehistory. 22 (4): 415–438. doi:10.1007/s10963-009-9030-6. S2CID 161611760.
Juleff, Gill (January 1996). "An ancient wind-powered iron smelting technology in Sri Lanka". Nature. 379 (6560): 60–63. Bibcode:1996Natur.379...60J. doi:10.1038/379060a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 205026185.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Some Aspects of the Metallurgy and Production of European Armor". Archived from the original on 22 April 2002. Retrieved 14 July 2012.
"The blast furnace in earlier times". Jernkontoret. 21 December 2018. Archived from the original on 26 December 2023.
Bowles, G.; Bowker, R.; Samsonoff, N. (2011). "Viking expansion and the search for bog iron". Platforum. 12: 25–37. Archived from the original on 6 December 2021.

wickedlocal.com (Global: 4,885^th place; English: 2,803^rd place)

Chase, Harry (13 November 2015). "The four wives of Ephraim Leonard". WickedLocal. Retrieved 17 June 2025.

wlu.edu (Global: low place; English: 9,887^th place)

iron.wlu.edu

Thornton, Jonathan; Williams, Skip; Shugar, Aaron. "The Rockbridge Bloomery – Reports: Smelting Enriched Bog Ore in a Low Shaft Bloomery". The Smelter's Art: Experimental Iron Production at The Rockbridge Bloomery. Washington and Lee University. Retrieved 21 August 2023.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Juleff, Gill (January 1996). "An ancient wind-powered iron smelting technology in Sri Lanka". Nature. 379 (6560): 60–63. Bibcode:1996Natur.379...60J. doi:10.1038/379060a0. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 205026185.
Markewitz, Darrell (15 January 2012). "But if you don't get any IRON ... - Towards an Effective Method for Small Iron Smelting Furnaces". EXARC Journal (EXARC Journal 2012/1). ISSN 2212-8956.

Bloomery (English Wikipedia)

academia.edu (Global: 121st place; English: 142nd place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

britannica.com (Global: 40th place; English: 58th place)

cantondropforge.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

exarc.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18th place; English: 17th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

illinois.edu (Global: 1,349th place; English: 866th place)

dtrinkle.matse.illinois.edu

jernkontoret.se (Global: low place; English: low place)

mansfieldma.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

natlib.govt.nz (Global: 2,685th place; English: 1,516th place)

rsnz.natlib.govt.nz

nature.com (Global: 234th place; English: 397th place)

nla.gov.au (Global: 275th place; English: 181st place)

oakeshott.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

scholar.google.com (Global: 1,697th place; English: 1,040th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

wickedlocal.com (Global: 4,885th place; English: 2,803rd place)

wlu.edu (Global: low place; English: 9,887th place)

iron.wlu.edu

worldcat.org (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

search.worldcat.org

academia.edu (Global: 121^st place; English: 142^nd place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

britannica.com (Global: 40^th place; English: 58^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

illinois.edu (Global: 1,349^th place; English: 866^th place)

natlib.govt.nz (Global: 2,685^th place; English: 1,516^th place)

nature.com (Global: 234^th place; English: 397^th place)

nla.gov.au (Global: 275^th place; English: 181^st place)

scholar.google.com (Global: 1,697^th place; English: 1,040^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

wickedlocal.com (Global: 4,885^th place; English: 2,803^rd place)

wlu.edu (Global: low place; English: 9,887^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)