Blues (English Wikipedia)

The "Trésor de la Langue Française informatisé" provides this etymology of blues and cites Colman's farce as the first appearance of the term in the English language; see "Blues" (in French). Centre Nationale de Ressources Textuelles et Lixicales. Archived from the original on June 28, 2012. Retrieved October 15, 2010.
"A Jazz Improvisation Almanac, Outside Shore Music Online School". Archived from the original on September 11, 2012.

atilf.fr

atilf.atilf.fr

The "Trésor de la Langue Française informatisé" provides this etymology of blues and cites Colman's farce as the first appearance of the term in the English language; see "Blues" (in French). Centre Nationale de Ressources Textuelles et Lixicales. Archived from the original on June 28, 2012. Retrieved October 15, 2010.

austin360.com

Corcoran, Michael. "The Soul of Blind Willie Johnson". Austin American-Statesman. Archived from the original on October 30, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2009.

aye.net

members.aye.net

"Kentuckiana Blues Society". Members.aye.net. Retrieved September 26, 2008.

bbc.co.uk

"BBC – GCSE Bitesize: Origins of the blues". BBC. Retrieved September 15, 2015.

bbc.com

Lynskey, Dorian (February 16, 2021). "The forgotten story of America's first black superstars". Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved February 22, 2022.

bbfc.co.uk

"Sinners BBFC". BBFC. Retrieved April 26, 2025.

blues.org

Hawkeye Herman. "Blues Foundation homepage". Blues Foundation. Archived from the original on December 10, 2008. Retrieved October 15, 2010.
"Blues Music Awards information". Archived from the original on April 29, 2006. Retrieved November 25, 2005.

bobbrozman.com

Brozman, Bob (2002). "The Evolution of the 12-Bar Blues Progression". Archived from the original on May 25, 2010. Retrieved May 2, 2009.

books.google.com

Rhodes, Richard (2006). John James Audubon: The Making of an American. Random House. p. 302. ISBN 9780375713934.
Blesh, Rudi; Janis, Harriet Grossman (1958). They All Played Ragtime: The True Story of an American Music. Sidgwick & Jackson. p. 186. ISBN 978-1-4437-3152-2. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
Chambers, Douglas B. (2009). Murder at Montpelier: Igbo Africans in Virginia. University Press of Mississippi. p. 180. ISBN 978-1-60473-246-7.
Dicaire, David (2001). More Blues Singers: Biographies of 50 Artists from the Later 20th Century. McFarland. pp. 232–248. ISBN 9780786410354.

chicagohistory.org

encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org

"Blues". Encyclopedia of Chicago. Retrieved August 13, 2008.

civilrightsmuseum.org

"Honoring Jazz: An Early American Art Form". National Civil Rights Museum. Archived from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved November 7, 2022.

colum.edu

"Country music". Columbia College Chicago. 2007–2008. Archived from the original on June 2, 2008. Retrieved September 2, 2008.

culturalequity.org

"Reverend Gary Davis". 2009. Archived from the original on February 12, 2009. Retrieved February 3, 2009.

deepmedia.org

Fullman, Ellen. "The Long String Instrument" (PDF). MusicWorks. Issue 37, Fall 1987. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 25, 2008.

doi.org

Durán, Lucy (2013). "POYI! Bamana jeli music, Mali and the blues". Journal of African Cultural Studies. 25 (2): 211–246. doi:10.1080/13696815.2013.792725. ISSN 1369-6815. S2CID 191563534.

ghostarchive.org

"The Influence of the Blues on Jazz" (PDF). Thelonious Monk Institute of Jazz. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved August 17, 2008.

googobits.com

Jennifer Nicole (August 15, 2005). "The Blues: The Revolution of Music". Archived from the original on September 6, 2008. Retrieved August 17, 2008.

honkytonks.org

Golding, Barrett. "The Rise of the Country Blues". NPR. Retrieved December 27, 2008.

how-to-play-blues-guitar.com

"Call and Response in Blues". How to Play Blues Guitar. Archived from the original on October 10, 2008. Retrieved August 11, 2008.

huffpost.com

m.huffpost.com

Devi, Debra (2013). "Why Is the Blues Called the 'Blues'?" Huffington Post, 4 January 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2015

imdb.com

The Blues (Documentary, Music), B. B. King, Ike Turner, Pinetop Perkins, Road Movies Filmproduktion, Vulcan Productions, September 28, 2003, retrieved May 18, 2025{{citation}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

jazzinamerica.org

"The Influence of the Blues on Jazz" (PDF). Thelonious Monk Institute of Jazz. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved August 17, 2008.

lclark.edu

"The Blues Influence On Rock & Roll". Archived from the original on April 4, 2007. Retrieved August 17, 2008.

loc.gov

"Image 5 of Walden, or, Life in the woods". Loc.gov.

msbluestrail.org

"Hill Country Blues". Msbluestrail.org. Retrieved September 13, 2011.

outsideshore.com

"A Jazz Improvisation Almanac, Outside Shore Music Online School". Archived from the original on September 11, 2012.

pbs.org

"In Performance at the White House: Red, White and Blues". PBS. Archived from the original on July 24, 2018. Retrieved July 23, 2018.

robertchristgau.com

Christgau, Robert (June 15, 1972). "A Power Plant". Newsday. Archived from the original on April 26, 2019. Retrieved September 10, 2018.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Durán, Lucy (2013). "POYI! Bamana jeli music, Mali and the blues". Journal of African Cultural Studies. 25 (2): 211–246. doi:10.1080/13696815.2013.792725. ISSN 1369-6815. S2CID 191563534.

sfgate.com

Curiel, Jonathan (August 15, 2004). "Muslim roots of the blues / The music of famous American blues singers reaches back through the South to the culture of West Africa". SFGATE. Archived from the original on September 5, 2005. Retrieved October 26, 2021.

stanwebb.co.uk

Stan Webb's Chickenshack Beginnings Archived July 19, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, Stanwebb.co.uk. Retrieved 4 November 2022

thecharlesbradley.com

"Charles Bradley Bio". Thecharlesbradley.com. February 19, 2024. Retrieved January 13, 2025.

tshaonline.org

Oliphant, Dave. "Henry Thomas". The Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved September 26, 2008.

unt.edu

digital.library.unt.edu

Howlin' Wolf & Jimmy Reed interviewed on the Pop Chronicles (1969)

visitmississippi.org

Martin, Stephen (April 3, 2008). "Malaco Records to be honored with blues trail marker" (PDF). Mississippi Development Authority. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 10, 2008. Retrieved August 28, 2008.

web.archive.org

"Honoring Jazz: An Early American Art Form". National Civil Rights Museum. Archived from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved November 7, 2022.
Calt, Stephen; Perls, Nick; Stewart, Michael. Ten Years of Black Country Religion 1926–1936 (LP back cover notes). New York: Yazoo Records. L-1022. Archived from the original on October 2, 2008.
"Reverend Gary Davis". 2009. Archived from the original on February 12, 2009. Retrieved February 3, 2009.
Corcoran, Michael. "The Soul of Blind Willie Johnson". Austin American-Statesman. Archived from the original on October 30, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2009.
Brozman, Bob (2002). "The Evolution of the 12-Bar Blues Progression". Archived from the original on May 25, 2010. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
Fullman, Ellen. "The Long String Instrument" (PDF). MusicWorks. Issue 37, Fall 1987. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 25, 2008.
"Lead Belly Foundation". Archived from the original on January 23, 2010. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
"Call and Response in Blues". How to Play Blues Guitar. Archived from the original on October 10, 2008. Retrieved August 11, 2008.
"MUSIC: Exploring Native American influence on the blues". September 17, 2009. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2014.
Steper, Bill (1999). "African-American Music from the Mississippi Hill Country: "They Say Drums Was a-Calling"". APF Reporter. Archived from the original on September 6, 2008. Retrieved October 27, 2008.
Hawkeye Herman. "Blues Foundation homepage". Blues Foundation. Archived from the original on December 10, 2008. Retrieved October 15, 2010.
Stan Webb's Chickenshack Beginnings Archived July 19, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, Stanwebb.co.uk. Retrieved 4 November 2022
Martin, Stephen (April 3, 2008). "Malaco Records to be honored with blues trail marker" (PDF). Mississippi Development Authority. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 10, 2008. Retrieved August 28, 2008.
"Blues Music Awards information". Archived from the original on April 29, 2006. Retrieved November 25, 2005.
Jennifer Nicole (August 15, 2005). "The Blues: The Revolution of Music". Archived from the original on September 6, 2008. Retrieved August 17, 2008.
Christgau, Robert (June 15, 1972). "A Power Plant". Newsday. Archived from the original on April 26, 2019. Retrieved September 10, 2018.
"The Blues Influence On Rock & Roll". Archived from the original on April 4, 2007. Retrieved August 17, 2008.
"History of Rock and Roll". Zip-Country Homepage. Archived from the original on August 28, 2008. Retrieved September 2, 2008.
"Country music". Columbia College Chicago. 2007–2008. Archived from the original on June 2, 2008. Retrieved September 2, 2008.
Curiel, Jonathan (August 15, 2004). "Muslim roots of the blues / The music of famous American blues singers reaches back through the South to the culture of West Africa". SFGATE. Archived from the original on September 5, 2005. Retrieved October 26, 2021.
"In Performance at the White House: Red, White and Blues". PBS. Archived from the original on July 24, 2018. Retrieved July 23, 2018.

wirz.de

"Photographic image of record label" (JPG). Wirz.de. Retrieved February 24, 2022.
Calt, Stephen; Perls, Nick; Stewart, Michael. Ten Years of Black Country Religion 1926–1936 (LP back cover notes). New York: Yazoo Records. L-1022. Archived from the original on October 2, 2008.
Calt, Stephen; Perls, Nick; Stewart, Michael. The Georgia Blues 1927–1933 (LP back cover notes). New York: Yazoo Records. L-1012.
Kent, Don (1968). 10 Years In Memphis 1927–1937 (vinyl back cover). New York: Yazoo Records. L-1002.
Calt, Stephen; Perls, Nick; Stewart, Michael (1970). Memphis Jamboree 1927–1936 (vinyl back cover). New York: Yazoo Records. L-1021.
Pierson, Leroy (1976). Detroit Ghetto Blues 1948 to 1954 (LP back cover notes). St. Louis: Nighthawk Records. 104.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Durán, Lucy (2013). "POYI! Bamana jeli music, Mali and the blues". Journal of African Cultural Studies. 25 (2): 211–246. doi:10.1080/13696815.2013.792725. ISSN 1369-6815. S2CID 191563534.

zaytuna.edu

renovatio.zaytuna.edu

Sylviane A. Diouf, "What Islam Gave the Blues", Renovatio, June 17, 2019. Retrieved August 17, 2023

zip-country.com

"History of Rock and Roll". Zip-Country Homepage. Archived from the original on August 28, 2008. Retrieved September 2, 2008.