Bodybuilding (English Wikipedia)

"Shaving Body Hair For Men!". Bodybuilding.com. August 30, 2010. Archived from the original on June 26, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
"Should The IFBB Ban Steroids For Real?". Bodybuilding.com. March 16, 2005. Archived from the original on June 25, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
"A History Lesson In Bodybuilding". Bodybuilding.com. March 21, 2005. Archived from the original on April 23, 2021. Retrieved April 23, 2021.
"Beginner's Guide To Natural Bodybuilding Competition: Disseminating Misconception From Reality!". Bodybuilding.com. May 10, 2009. Archived from the original on January 26, 2020. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
"Excellence In Execution: Perfecting The Pose". Bodybuilding.com. March 20, 2005. Archived from the original on April 23, 2021. Retrieved April 23, 2021.
"The Clean Bulk: A New Approach To Adding Offseason Muscle". Bodybuilding.com. October 16, 2016. Archived from the original on April 7, 2020. Retrieved April 7, 2020.
Rian Evans (June 13, 2010). "Dirty Bulking: Why You Need To Know The Dirty Truth!". Bodybuilding.com. Archived from the original on February 8, 2023. Retrieved February 8, 2023.

bodybuildingreviews.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Emery M. "Men's Bodybuilding: A Short History". Bodybuildingreviews.net. Archived from the original on September 14, 2020. Retrieved February 25, 2014.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Creativity of God in the Human Body: "Bodybuilding". Abdullah F Shrit. ISBN 978-1-4840-1198-0. Archived from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved May 3, 2021.
Abdullah F. Shirt. Creativity of God in the Human Body "Bodybuilding". Abdullah F Shrit. ISBN 978-1-4840-1198-0.
Manchester KL (2012). "Sites of Hormonal Regulation of Protein Metabolism". In Munro HN (ed.). Mammalian Protein Metabolism, Volume 4. Elsevier. pp. 229–98. ISBN 978-0-323-14257-1.
Lee Monaghan (2002). Bodybuilding, Drugs and Risk. Routledge. p. 145. ISBN 9781134588527. Archived from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved June 30, 2020.

cbsnews.com (Global: 136^th place; English: 93^rd place)

"Arnold: No Regrets About Steroids". CBS. February 11, 2009. Archived from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved August 13, 2013.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

doi.org

Klier, Kristina; Rommerskirchen, Tessa; Brixius, Klara (December 27, 2022). "#fitspiration: a comparison of the sport-related social media usage and its impact on body image in young adults". BMC Psychology. 10 (1) 320. doi:10.1186/s40359-022-01027-9. ISSN 2050-7283. PMC 9793811. PMID 36575554.
Longobardi, Claudio; Prino, Laura Elvira; Fabris, Matteo Angelo; Settanni, Michele (2017). "Muscle dysmorphia and psychopathology: Findings from an Italian sample of male bodybuilders" (PDF). Psychiatry Research. 256. Elsevier BV: 231–236. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.06.065. hdl:2318/1644445. ISSN 0165-1781. PMID 28646788. Retrieved September 15, 2025.
Roberts, Brandon M; Helms, Eric R; Trexler, Eric T; Fitschen, Peter J (January 31, 2020). "Nutritional Recommendations for Physique Athletes". Journal of Human Kinetics. 71: 79–108. doi:10.2478/hukin-2019-0096 (inactive July 1, 2025). ISSN 1640-5544. PMC 7052702. PMID 32148575.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
Locks, Adam (March 1, 2013). Critical Readings in Bodybuilding. Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780203809457. ISBN 978-0-203-80945-7. Archived from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved October 4, 2021.
Probert, Anne; Leberman, Sarah; Palmer, Farah (March 1, 2007). "New Zealand Bodybuilder Identities: Beyond Homogeneity". International Review for the Sociology of Sport. 42 (1): 5–26. doi:10.1177/1012690207081921. ISSN 1012-6902. S2CID 144186372.
Lambert CP, Frank LL, Evans WJ (March 2004). "Macronutrient considerations for the sport of bodybuilding". Sports Medicine. 34 (5): 317–27. doi:10.2165/00007256-200434050-00004. PMID 15107010. S2CID 17233384.
Gentil, Paulo; de Lira, Claudio Andre Barbosa; Paoli, Antonio; dos Santos, José Alexandre Barbosa; da Silva, Roberto Deivide Teixeira; Junior, José Romulo Pereira; da Silva, Edson Pereira; Magosso, Rodrigo Ferro (March 24, 2017). "Nutrition, Pharmacological and Training Strategies Adopted by Six Bodybuilders: Case Report and Critical Review". European Journal of Translational Myology. 27 (1): 6247. doi:10.4081/ejtm.2017.6247. PMC 5391526. PMID 28458804.
Lenzi, Jaqueline L.; Teixeira, Emerson L.; de Jesus, Guilherme; Schoenfeld, Brad J.; de Salles Painelli, Vitor (2021). "Dietary Strategies of Modern Bodybuilders During Different Phases of the Competitive Cycle". Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 35 (9). Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health): 2546–2551. doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003169. ISSN 1064-8011. PMID 31009437. S2CID 128359542.
MacDougall JD, Elder GC, Sale DG, Moroz JR, Sutton JR (February 1980). "Effects of strength training and immobilization on human muscle fibres". European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology. 43 (1): 25–34. doi:10.1007/BF00421352. PMID 7371625. S2CID 28377940.
Manore MM, Thompson J, Russo M (March 1993). "Diet and exercise strategies of a world-class bodybuilder". International Journal of Sport Nutrition. 3 (1): 76–86. doi:10.1123/ijsn.3.1.76. PMID 8499940. S2CID 38151979.
Dimitriadis G, Mitrou P, Lambadiari V, Maratou E, Raptis SA (August 2011). "Insulin effects in muscle and adipose tissue". Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 93 (Suppl 1): S52-9. doi:10.1016/S0168-8227(11)70014-6. PMID 21864752.
Miranda L, Horman S, De Potter I, Hue L, Jensen J, Rider MH (March 2008). "Effects of contraction and insulin on protein synthesis, AMP-activated protein kinase and phosphorylation state of translation factors in rat skeletal muscle". Pflügers Archiv. 455 (6): 1129–40. doi:10.1007/s00424-007-0368-2. PMID 17957382. S2CID 6649224.
Lambert CP, Frank LL, Evans WJ (2004). "Macronutrient considerations for the sport of bodybuilding". Sports Medicine. 34 (5): 317–27. doi:10.2165/00007256-200434050-00004. PMID 15107010. S2CID 17233384.
Burd NA, Yang Y, Moore DR, Tang JE, Tarnopolsky MA, Phillips SM (September 2012). "Greater stimulation of myofibrillar protein synthesis with ingestion of whey protein isolate v. micellar casein at rest and after resistance exercise in elderly men". The British Journal of Nutrition. 108 (6): 958–62. doi:10.1017/S0007114511006271. PMID 22289570.
Verboeket-van de Venne WP, Westerterp KR, Kester AD (July 1993). "Effect of the pattern of food intake on human energy metabolism". The British Journal of Nutrition. 70 (1): 103–15. doi:10.1079/BJN19930108. PMID 8399092.
Bellisle F, McDevitt R, Prentice AM (April 1997). "Meal frequency and energy balance". The British Journal of Nutrition. 77 (Suppl 1): S57-70. doi:10.1079/BJN19970104. PMID 9155494.
Taylor MA, Garrow JS (April 2001). "Compared with nibbling, neither gorging nor a morning fast affect short-term energy balance in obese patients in a chamber calorimeter". International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders. 25 (4): 519–28. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801572. PMID 11319656. S2CID 19686244.
Smeets AJ, Westerterp-Plantenga MS (June 2008). "Acute effects on metabolism and appetite profile of one meal difference in the lower range of meal frequency". The British Journal of Nutrition. 99 (6): 1316–21. doi:10.1017/S0007114507877646. PMID 18053311.
Kreider, Richard B.; Kalman, Douglas S.; Antonio, Jose; Ziegenfuss, Tim N.; Wildman, Robert; Collins, Rick; Candow, Darren G.; Kleiner, Susan M.; Almada, Anthony L.; Lopez, Hector L. (June 13, 2017). "International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine". Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 14 (1): 18. doi:10.1186/s12970-017-0173-z. ISSN 1550-2783. PMC 5469049. PMID 28615996.
Harty, Patrick S.; Zabriskie, Hannah A.; Erickson, Jacob L.; Molling, Paul E.; Kerksick, Chad M.; Jagim, Andrew R. (August 8, 2018). "Multi-ingredient pre-workout supplements, safety implications, and performance outcomes: a brief review". Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 15 (1): 41. doi:10.1186/s12970-018-0247-6. ISSN 1550-2783. PMC 6083567. PMID 30089501.
Schroeder ET, Vallejo AF, Zheng L, Stewart Y, Flores C, Nakao S, et al. (December 2005). "Six-week improvements in muscle mass and strength during androgen therapy in older men". The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 60 (12): 1586–92. doi:10.1093/gerona/60.12.1586. PMID 16424293.
Grunfeld C, Kotler DP, Dobs A, Glesby M, Bhasin S (March 2006). "Oxandrolone in the treatment of HIV-associated weight loss in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study". Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 41 (3): 304–14. doi:10.1097/01.qai.0000197546.56131.40. PMID 16540931. S2CID 25911263.
Giorgi A, Weatherby RP, Murphy PW (December 1999). "Muscular strength, body composition and health responses to the use of testosterone enanthate: a double blind study". Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2 (4): 341–55. doi:10.1016/S1440-2440(99)80007-3. PMID 10710012.
Alexopoulou O, Abs R, Maiter D (2010). "Treatment of adult growth hormone deficiency: who, why and how? A review". Acta Clinica Belgica. 65 (1): 13–22. doi:10.1179/acb.2010.002. PMID 20373593. S2CID 24874132.
Ahmad AM, Hopkins MT, Thomas J, Ibrahim H, Fraser WD, Vora JP (June 2001). "Body composition and quality of life in adults with growth hormone deficiency; effects of low-dose growth hormone replacement". Clinical Endocrinology. 54 (6): 709–17. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2001.01275.x. PMID 11422104. S2CID 12681649.
Savine R, Sönksen P (2000). "Growth hormone - hormone replacement for the somatopause?". Hormone Research. 53 (Suppl 3): 37–41. doi:10.1159/000023531. PMID 10971102. S2CID 30263334.
Summermatter S, Bouzan A, Pierrel E, Melly S, Stauffer D, Gutzwiller S, et al. (March 2017). "Blockade of Metallothioneins 1 and 2 Increases Skeletal Muscle Mass and Strength". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 37 (5) e00305-16. doi:10.1128/MCB.00305-16. PMC 5311239. PMID 27956698.
Sisti, Andrea; Huayllani, Maria T.; Restrepo, David J.; Boczar, Daniel; Manrique, Oscar J.; Broer, Peter N.; Shapiro, Shane A.; Forte, Antonio J. (2020). "Oil injection for cosmetic enhancement of the upper extremities: a case report and review of literature". Acta Bio Medica: Atenei Parmensis. 91 (3): e2020082. doi:10.23750/abm.v91i3.8533. ISSN 0392-4203. PMC 7716972. PMID 32921778.
MacDougall, J. Duncan; Gibala, Martin J.; Tarnopolsky, Mark A.; MacDonald, Jay R.; Interisano, Stephen A.; Yarasheski, Kevin E. (December 1, 1995). "The Time Course for Elevated Muscle Protein Synthesis Following Heavy Resistance Exercise". Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology. 20 (4): 480–486. doi:10.1139/h95-038. ISSN 1066-7814. PMID 8563679.
Mosley PE (May 2009). "Bigorexia: bodybuilding and muscle dysmorphia". European Eating Disorders Review. 17 (3): 191–8. doi:10.1002/erv.897. PMID 18759381. S2CID 20128770.
Smith DJ (February 2003). "A framework for understanding the training process leading to elite performance" (PDF). Sports Medicine. 33 (15): 1103–26. doi:10.2165/00007256-200333150-00003. PMID 14719980. S2CID 2021999. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 9, 2017.
Vecchiato, M.; Da Col, M.; Berton, G.; Palermi, S.; Aghi, A.; Ermolao, A.; Niebauer, J.; Drezner, J.; Neunhaeuserer, D. (2024). "Mortality risk in bodybuilding: A call for action to promote safe sport participation". European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwae175.277.

dx.doi.org

Locks, Adam (March 1, 2013). Critical Readings in Bodybuilding. Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780203809457. ISBN 978-0-203-80945-7. Archived from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved October 4, 2021.

essentiallysports.com (Global: 4,039^th place; English: 2,663^rd place)

Bachu, Ramya (December 18, 2022). "Bodybuilding World Reacts to Chris Bumstead's Fourth Mr.Olympia Triumph". EssentiallySports. Retrieved August 30, 2023.

get2net.dk (Global: low place; English: low place)

hjem.get2net.dk

Theunissen S. "Arnold & Steroids: Truth Revealed". Archived from the original on October 8, 2003. Retrieved February 27, 2007.

gold.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: 6,714^th place)

research.gold.ac.uk

Liokaftos, Dimitrios (February 2012). From 'Classical' To 'Freaky:' An Exploration of the Development of Dominant, Organised, Male Bodybuilding Culture (doctoral thesis). Goldsmiths, University of London. Archived from the original on April 23, 2021. Retrieved April 23, 2021.

hathitrust.org (Global: 296^th place; English: 153^rd place)

babel.hathitrust.org

Ryan, Eugene Avery (1899). "Physical Culture, vol. 10, no. 6 (December 1903), p. 555". Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved August 16, 2019.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Longobardi, Claudio; Prino, Laura Elvira; Fabris, Matteo Angelo; Settanni, Michele (2017). "Muscle dysmorphia and psychopathology: Findings from an Italian sample of male bodybuilders" (PDF). Psychiatry Research. 256. Elsevier BV: 231–236. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.06.065. hdl:2318/1644445. ISSN 0165-1781. PMID 28646788. Retrieved September 15, 2025.

health.harvard.edu (Global: 7,776^th place; English: 8,917^th place)

MD, Howard E. LeWine (March 20, 2024). "What is creatine? Potential benefits and risks of this popular supplement". Harvard Health. Retrieved October 28, 2025.

ibtimes.com (Global: 1,495^th place; English: 1,080^th place)

"Oldest Female Bodybuilder, 77-Year-Old Edith Connor, Breaks Guinness World Record". Ibtimes.com. May 29, 2012. Retrieved February 8, 2014.

ifbb.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"IFBB FAQ". International Fitness and Bodybuilding Federation. Archived from the original on February 8, 2023. Retrieved February 8, 2023.

ifbbpro.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"IFBB Professional League – Jim Manion, Chairman IFBB Professional League". Ifbbpro.com. September 26, 2007. Archived from the original on September 21, 2012. Retrieved October 5, 2012.

indstate.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

web.indstate.edu

King MW. "Substrates for Gluconeogenesis". IU School of Medicine. Archived from the original on June 21, 2000. Retrieved March 11, 2007.

ironmanmagazine.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Teper, Lonnie (April 6, 2006). "Legendary Lady" (PDF). Ironman Magazine. p. 2.

justice.gc.ca (Global: 3,261^st place; English: 2,011^th place)

laws-lois.justice.gc.ca

Branch, Legislative Services (September 19, 2019). "Consolidated federal laws of canada, Controlled Drugs and Substances Act". laws-lois.justice.gc.ca. Archived from the original on April 8, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020.

livestrong.com (Global: low place; English: 9,557^th place)

"How Long Does it Take to Be a Bodybuilder?". Livestrong.com. Archived from the original on April 23, 2021. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
Braverman, Jody (April 10, 2019). "When Do Muscles Grow After Working Out With Weights?". livestrong. Archived from the original on September 24, 2023. Retrieved March 2, 2024. It's after you finish your workout…that your body is busy making new muscle protein.

maxmuscle.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Falcon M. "Estrogens, Testosterone & Phytoestrogens". maxmuscle.com. Archived from the original on October 25, 2006.

mensjournal.com (Global: 5,249^th place; English: 3,014^th place)

"Reverse Dieting: How to Go From Cut to Bulk Without Gaining Fat". Men's Journal. December 2017. Archived from the original on January 24, 2020. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
"9 things every athlete needs to know about sleep and recovery". Men's Journal. March 1, 2017. Archived from the original on October 29, 2021. Retrieved October 14, 2021.

motleyhealth.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Weight Training Intensity or Volume for Bigger Muscles?". October 15, 2010. Archived from the original on March 10, 2012. Retrieved February 24, 2012.

muscleandfitness.com (Global: low place; English: 7,527^th place)

"Vince McMahon's Attempt to Take Over Bodybuilding". Muscle & Fitness. March 7, 2019. Archived from the original on June 25, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2021.
"A Brief History of the Classic Physique". Muscle & Fitness. February 24, 2007. Retrieved October 23, 2024.
Lockridge, Roger "Rock" (October 13, 2024). "Chris Bumstead Wins 6th Olympia Classic Physique Title, Announces Retirement". Muscle & Fitness. Retrieved October 23, 2024.

muscleprodigy.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Top 10 Most Impressive Bodybuilder Physiques of All Time". Muscleprodigy. Archived from the original on July 29, 2017. Retrieved June 14, 2013.

muscletime.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Judging the 2008 Mr. Olympia: Judges Provide Full Transparency and Complete Explanation of Results". Muscletime. Archived from the original on May 16, 2019. Retrieved June 14, 2013.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Klier, Kristina; Rommerskirchen, Tessa; Brixius, Klara (December 27, 2022). "#fitspiration: a comparison of the sport-related social media usage and its impact on body image in young adults". BMC Psychology. 10 (1) 320. doi:10.1186/s40359-022-01027-9. ISSN 2050-7283. PMC 9793811. PMID 36575554.
Longobardi, Claudio; Prino, Laura Elvira; Fabris, Matteo Angelo; Settanni, Michele (2017). "Muscle dysmorphia and psychopathology: Findings from an Italian sample of male bodybuilders" (PDF). Psychiatry Research. 256. Elsevier BV: 231–236. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.06.065. hdl:2318/1644445. ISSN 0165-1781. PMID 28646788. Retrieved September 15, 2025.
Roberts, Brandon M; Helms, Eric R; Trexler, Eric T; Fitschen, Peter J (January 31, 2020). "Nutritional Recommendations for Physique Athletes". Journal of Human Kinetics. 71: 79–108. doi:10.2478/hukin-2019-0096 (inactive July 1, 2025). ISSN 1640-5544. PMC 7052702. PMID 32148575.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
Lambert CP, Frank LL, Evans WJ (March 2004). "Macronutrient considerations for the sport of bodybuilding". Sports Medicine. 34 (5): 317–27. doi:10.2165/00007256-200434050-00004. PMID 15107010. S2CID 17233384.
Gentil, Paulo; de Lira, Claudio Andre Barbosa; Paoli, Antonio; dos Santos, José Alexandre Barbosa; da Silva, Roberto Deivide Teixeira; Junior, José Romulo Pereira; da Silva, Edson Pereira; Magosso, Rodrigo Ferro (March 24, 2017). "Nutrition, Pharmacological and Training Strategies Adopted by Six Bodybuilders: Case Report and Critical Review". European Journal of Translational Myology. 27 (1): 6247. doi:10.4081/ejtm.2017.6247. PMC 5391526. PMID 28458804.
Lenzi, Jaqueline L.; Teixeira, Emerson L.; de Jesus, Guilherme; Schoenfeld, Brad J.; de Salles Painelli, Vitor (2021). "Dietary Strategies of Modern Bodybuilders During Different Phases of the Competitive Cycle". Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 35 (9). Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health): 2546–2551. doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003169. ISSN 1064-8011. PMID 31009437. S2CID 128359542.
MacDougall JD, Elder GC, Sale DG, Moroz JR, Sutton JR (February 1980). "Effects of strength training and immobilization on human muscle fibres". European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology. 43 (1): 25–34. doi:10.1007/BF00421352. PMID 7371625. S2CID 28377940.
Manore MM, Thompson J, Russo M (March 1993). "Diet and exercise strategies of a world-class bodybuilder". International Journal of Sport Nutrition. 3 (1): 76–86. doi:10.1123/ijsn.3.1.76. PMID 8499940. S2CID 38151979.
Dimitriadis G, Mitrou P, Lambadiari V, Maratou E, Raptis SA (August 2011). "Insulin effects in muscle and adipose tissue". Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 93 (Suppl 1): S52-9. doi:10.1016/S0168-8227(11)70014-6. PMID 21864752.
Miranda L, Horman S, De Potter I, Hue L, Jensen J, Rider MH (March 2008). "Effects of contraction and insulin on protein synthesis, AMP-activated protein kinase and phosphorylation state of translation factors in rat skeletal muscle". Pflügers Archiv. 455 (6): 1129–40. doi:10.1007/s00424-007-0368-2. PMID 17957382. S2CID 6649224.
Lambert CP, Frank LL, Evans WJ (2004). "Macronutrient considerations for the sport of bodybuilding". Sports Medicine. 34 (5): 317–27. doi:10.2165/00007256-200434050-00004. PMID 15107010. S2CID 17233384.
Burd NA, Yang Y, Moore DR, Tang JE, Tarnopolsky MA, Phillips SM (September 2012). "Greater stimulation of myofibrillar protein synthesis with ingestion of whey protein isolate v. micellar casein at rest and after resistance exercise in elderly men". The British Journal of Nutrition. 108 (6): 958–62. doi:10.1017/S0007114511006271. PMID 22289570.
Verboeket-van de Venne WP, Westerterp KR, Kester AD (July 1993). "Effect of the pattern of food intake on human energy metabolism". The British Journal of Nutrition. 70 (1): 103–15. doi:10.1079/BJN19930108. PMID 8399092.
Bellisle F, McDevitt R, Prentice AM (April 1997). "Meal frequency and energy balance". The British Journal of Nutrition. 77 (Suppl 1): S57-70. doi:10.1079/BJN19970104. PMID 9155494.
Taylor MA, Garrow JS (April 2001). "Compared with nibbling, neither gorging nor a morning fast affect short-term energy balance in obese patients in a chamber calorimeter". International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders. 25 (4): 519–28. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801572. PMID 11319656. S2CID 19686244.
Smeets AJ, Westerterp-Plantenga MS (June 2008). "Acute effects on metabolism and appetite profile of one meal difference in the lower range of meal frequency". The British Journal of Nutrition. 99 (6): 1316–21. doi:10.1017/S0007114507877646. PMID 18053311.
Kreider, Richard B.; Kalman, Douglas S.; Antonio, Jose; Ziegenfuss, Tim N.; Wildman, Robert; Collins, Rick; Candow, Darren G.; Kleiner, Susan M.; Almada, Anthony L.; Lopez, Hector L. (June 13, 2017). "International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine". Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 14 (1): 18. doi:10.1186/s12970-017-0173-z. ISSN 1550-2783. PMC 5469049. PMID 28615996.
Harty, Patrick S.; Zabriskie, Hannah A.; Erickson, Jacob L.; Molling, Paul E.; Kerksick, Chad M.; Jagim, Andrew R. (August 8, 2018). "Multi-ingredient pre-workout supplements, safety implications, and performance outcomes: a brief review". Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 15 (1): 41. doi:10.1186/s12970-018-0247-6. ISSN 1550-2783. PMC 6083567. PMID 30089501.
Schroeder ET, Vallejo AF, Zheng L, Stewart Y, Flores C, Nakao S, et al. (December 2005). "Six-week improvements in muscle mass and strength during androgen therapy in older men". The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 60 (12): 1586–92. doi:10.1093/gerona/60.12.1586. PMID 16424293.
Grunfeld C, Kotler DP, Dobs A, Glesby M, Bhasin S (March 2006). "Oxandrolone in the treatment of HIV-associated weight loss in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study". Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 41 (3): 304–14. doi:10.1097/01.qai.0000197546.56131.40. PMID 16540931. S2CID 25911263.
Giorgi A, Weatherby RP, Murphy PW (December 1999). "Muscular strength, body composition and health responses to the use of testosterone enanthate: a double blind study". Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2 (4): 341–55. doi:10.1016/S1440-2440(99)80007-3. PMID 10710012.
Alexopoulou O, Abs R, Maiter D (2010). "Treatment of adult growth hormone deficiency: who, why and how? A review". Acta Clinica Belgica. 65 (1): 13–22. doi:10.1179/acb.2010.002. PMID 20373593. S2CID 24874132.
Ahmad AM, Hopkins MT, Thomas J, Ibrahim H, Fraser WD, Vora JP (June 2001). "Body composition and quality of life in adults with growth hormone deficiency; effects of low-dose growth hormone replacement". Clinical Endocrinology. 54 (6): 709–17. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2001.01275.x. PMID 11422104. S2CID 12681649.
Savine R, Sönksen P (2000). "Growth hormone - hormone replacement for the somatopause?". Hormone Research. 53 (Suppl 3): 37–41. doi:10.1159/000023531. PMID 10971102. S2CID 30263334.
Summermatter S, Bouzan A, Pierrel E, Melly S, Stauffer D, Gutzwiller S, et al. (March 2017). "Blockade of Metallothioneins 1 and 2 Increases Skeletal Muscle Mass and Strength". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 37 (5) e00305-16. doi:10.1128/MCB.00305-16. PMC 5311239. PMID 27956698.
Sisti, Andrea; Huayllani, Maria T.; Restrepo, David J.; Boczar, Daniel; Manrique, Oscar J.; Broer, Peter N.; Shapiro, Shane A.; Forte, Antonio J. (2020). "Oil injection for cosmetic enhancement of the upper extremities: a case report and review of literature". Acta Bio Medica: Atenei Parmensis. 91 (3): e2020082. doi:10.23750/abm.v91i3.8533. ISSN 0392-4203. PMC 7716972. PMID 32921778.
MacDougall, J. Duncan; Gibala, Martin J.; Tarnopolsky, Mark A.; MacDonald, Jay R.; Interisano, Stephen A.; Yarasheski, Kevin E. (December 1, 1995). "The Time Course for Elevated Muscle Protein Synthesis Following Heavy Resistance Exercise". Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology. 20 (4): 480–486. doi:10.1139/h95-038. ISSN 1066-7814. PMID 8563679.
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Bodybuilding (English Wikipedia)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

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hjem.get2net.dk

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research.gold.ac.uk

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health.harvard.edu (Global: 7,776th place; English: 8,917th place)

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justice.gc.ca (Global: 3,261st place; English: 2,011th place)

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muscleprodigy.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

muscletime.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

nih.gov (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

nida.nih.gov

nrcresearchpress.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

nypost.com (Global: 376th place; English: 247th place)

oup.com (Global: 292nd place; English: 233rd place)

academic.oup.com

prnewswire.com (Global: 546th place; English: 310th place)

proquest.com (Global: 121st place; English: 59th place)

renalandurologynews.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

sandowplus.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

smithsonianmag.com (Global: 663rd place; English: 431st place)

stir.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: 9,999th place)

dspace.stir.ac.uk

t-nation.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

thehindu.com (Global: 72nd place; English: 37th place)

thevintagenews.com (Global: low place; English: 8,367th place)

today.com (Global: 773rd place; English: 432nd place)

ufpr.br (Global: low place; English: low place)

pgedf.ufpr.br

ultimatefitnessbirmingham.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

unito.it (Global: low place; English: low place)

iris.unito.it

usf.edu (Global: 3,578th place; English: 2,097th place)

digitalcommons.usf.edu

utexas.edu (Global: 868th place; English: 634th place)

repositories.lib.utexas.edu

washingtonpost.com (Global: 35th place; English: 24th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

webmd.com (Global: 2,056th place; English: 1,884th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

worldnaturalbb.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

barbend.com (Global: 7,078^th place; English: 3,882^nd place)

bodybuilding.com (Global: low place; English: 9,314^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

cbsnews.com (Global: 136^th place; English: 93^rd place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

essentiallysports.com (Global: 4,039^th place; English: 2,663^rd place)

gold.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: 6,714^th place)

hathitrust.org (Global: 296^th place; English: 153^rd place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

health.harvard.edu (Global: 7,776^th place; English: 8,917^th place)

ibtimes.com (Global: 1,495^th place; English: 1,080^th place)

justice.gc.ca (Global: 3,261^st place; English: 2,011^th place)

livestrong.com (Global: low place; English: 9,557^th place)

mensjournal.com (Global: 5,249^th place; English: 3,014^th place)

muscleandfitness.com (Global: low place; English: 7,527^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

nypost.com (Global: 376^th place; English: 247^th place)

oup.com (Global: 292^nd place; English: 233^rd place)

prnewswire.com (Global: 546^th place; English: 310^th place)

proquest.com (Global: 121^st place; English: 59^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

smithsonianmag.com (Global: 663^rd place; English: 431^st place)

stir.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: 9,999^th place)

thehindu.com (Global: 72^nd place; English: 37^th place)

thevintagenews.com (Global: low place; English: 8,367^th place)

today.com (Global: 773^rd place; English: 432^nd place)

usf.edu (Global: 3,578^th place; English: 2,097^th place)

utexas.edu (Global: 868^th place; English: 634^th place)

washingtonpost.com (Global: 35^th place; English: 24^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

webmd.com (Global: 2,056^th place; English: 1,884^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)