Brahma (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Brahma" in English language version.

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22books.google.com

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20web.archive.org

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7archive.org

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6jstor.org

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2poetrynook.com

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2worldcat.org

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1wisdomlib.org

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1britannica.com

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archive.org

N.A (1960). THE VAYU PURANA PART. 1. MOTILAL BANARSIDASS PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD, DELHI. pp. 174 (26.31).
Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.). India through the ages. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. 79.
Hume, Robert Ernest (1921), The Thirteen Principal Upanishads, Oxford University Press, pp. 422–424
Max Muller, The Upanishads, Part 2, Maitrayana-Brahmana Upanishad, Oxford University Press, pages 303-304
David Kinsley (1988). Hindu Goddesses: Visions of the Divine Feminine in the Hindu Religious Tradition. University of California Press. pp. 137. ISBN 978-0-520-90883-3.
David Kinsley (1988). Hindu Goddesses: Visions of the Divine Feminine in the Hindu Religious Tradition. University of California Press. pp. 136. ISBN 978-0-520-90883-3.
"Pattupattu Ten Tamil Idylls Chelliah J. V."

books.google.com

Coulter, Charles Russell; Turner, Patricia (2013). Encyclopedia of Ancient Deities. Routledge. p. 240. ISBN 978-1-135-96397-2., Quote: "Brahma, a creator god, received the basics of his mythological history from Purusha. During the Brahmanic period, the Hindu Trimurti was represented by Brahma with his attribute of creation, Shiva with his attribute of destruction and Vishnu with his attribute of preservation."
Dalal, Roshen (2010). Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide. Penguin Books India. pp. 78–79. ISBN 978-0-14-341421-6.
Achuthananda, Swami (27 August 2018). The Ascent of Vishnu and the Fall of Brahma. Relianz Communications Pty Ltd. ISBN 978-0-9757883-3-2.
Pattanaik, Devdutt (September 2000). The Goddess in India:The Five Faces of the Eternal Feminine. Inner Traditions / Bear & Co. ISBN 978-0-89281-807-5.
Dalal, Roshen (18 April 2014). The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths. Penguin UK. ISBN 9788184753967.
"The Bimaran Reliquary, a Gandharan work, which is now housed in the British Museum, London, is of great historical and iconographic significance. It shows Buddha in the centre, attended by Brahma to his right and Indra to the left." in Banerjee, Priyatosh (2001). Central Asian art: new revelations from Xinjiang. Abha Prakashan. p. 48. ISBN 9788185704241.
"Standing Buddha in the arched compartment, flanked by figures of Brahma and Indra standing in similar compartments, detail of the side of Bimaran gold casket" in Agrawala, Prithvi Kumar (1977). Early Indian Bronzes. Prithvi Prakashan. p. 152.
Achuthananda, Swami (27 August 2018). The Ascent of Vishnu and the Fall of Brahma. Relianz Communications Pty Ltd. ISBN 978-0-9757883-3-2.
Eck, Diana L. (5 June 2013). Banaras: CITY OF LIGHT. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 146. ISBN 978-0-307-83295-5. Archived from the original on 2 November 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
S. M. Srinivasa Chari (1994). Vaiṣṇavism: Its Philosophy, Theology, and Religious Discipline. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 147. ISBN 978-81-208-1098-3.
Wendy Doniger O'Flaherty (1981). Siva: The Erotic Ascetic. Oxford University Press. p. 125. ISBN 978-0-19-972793-3.
Stella Kramrisch (1992). The Presence of Siva. Princeton University Press. pp. 205–206. ISBN 0-691-01930-4.
Arvind Sharma (2000). Classical Hindu Thought: An Introduction. Oxford University Press. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-19-564441-8.
Mark Juergensmeyer; Wade Clark Roof (2011). Encyclopedia of Global Religion. SAGE Publications. p. 1335. ISBN 978-1-4522-6656-5. Archived from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
Stella Kramrisch (1992). The Presence of Siva. Princeton University Press. p. 171. ISBN 0-691-01930-4. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
R. M. Matthijs Cornelissen (2011). Foundations of Indian Psychology Volume 2: Practical Applications. Pearson. p. 40. ISBN 978-81-317-3085-0.
Jeaneane D. Fowler (2002). Perspectives of Reality: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Hinduism. Sussex Academic Press. p. 330. ISBN 978-1-898723-93-6.^{[permanent dead link]}
The Cilappatikāram: The Tale of an Anklet (Iḷaṅkōvaṭikaḷ). Translated by R Parthasarathy. Penguin Books. 2004. pp. 6–8. ISBN 978-0-14-303196-3. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
Roshen Dalal (2010). The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths. Penguin Books. pp. 66–67. ISBN 978-0-14-341517-6. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
Thomas E. Donaldson (2001). Iconography of the Buddhist Sculpture of Orissa. Abhinav. p. 99. ISBN 978-81-7017-406-6. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
Gupta, S. V. (2010). "Ch. 1.2.4 Time Measurements". In Hull, Robert; Osgood, Richard M. Jr.; Parisi, Jurgen; Warlimont, Hans (eds.). Units of Measurement: Past, Present and Future. International System of Units. Springer Series in Materials Science: 122. Springer. pp. 6–8. ISBN 9783642007378. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2024. Paraphrased: Deva day equals solar year. Deva lifespan (36,000 solar years) equals 100 360-day years, each 12 months. Mahayuga equals 12,000 Deva (divine) years (4,320,000 solar years), and is divided into 10 charnas consisting of four Yugas: Satya Yuga (4 charnas of 1,728,000 solar years), Treta Yuga (3 charnas of 1,296,000 solar years), Dvapara Yuga (2 charnas of 864,000 solar years), and Kali Yuga (1 charna of 432,000 solar years). Manvantara equals 71 Mahayugas (306,720,000 solar years). Kalpa (day of Brahma) equals an Adi Sandhya, 14 Manvantaras, and 14 Sandhya Kalas, where 1st Manvantara preceded by Adi Sandhya and each Manvantara followed by Sandhya Kala, each Sandhya lasting same duration as Satya yuga (1,728,000 solar years), during which the entire earth is submerged in water. Day of Brahma equals 1,000 Mahayugas, the same length for a night of Brahma (Bhagavad-gita 8.17). Brahma lifespan (311.04 trillion solar years) equals 100 360-day years, each 12 months. Parardha is 50 Brahma years and we are in the 2nd half of his life. After 100 years of Brahma, the universe starts with a new Brahma. We are currently in the 28th Kali yuga of the first day of the 51st year of the second Parardha in the reign of the 7th (Vaivasvata) Manu. This is the 51st year of the present Brahma and so about 155 trillion years have elapsed. The current Kali Yuga (Iron Age) began at midnight on 17/18 February 3102 BC in the proleptic Julian calendar.
Robert E. Buswell Jr.; Donald S. Lopez Jr. (2013). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. pp. 141–142. ISBN 978-1-4008-4805-8.

britannica.com

Brahma: Hindu god Archived 11 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopædia Britannica.

gamabali.com

"Dewa Brahma", GamaBali, archived from the original on 24 June 2021, retrieved 30 June 2021

jawapos.com

baliexpress.jawapos.com

"Menyingkap Misteri Dewa Brahma Jarang Dipuja (Indonesian)", Baliexpress, archived from the original on 9 July 2021, retrieved 30 June 2021

jstor.org

Jan Gonda (1969), The Hindu Trinity Archived 25 April 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Anthropos, Bd 63/64, H 1/2, pp. 212–226.
Jan Gonda (1969), The Hindu Trinity Archived 25 April 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Anthropos, Bd 63/64, H 1/2, pp. 218–219.
GM Bailey (1979), Trifunctional Elements in the theology of the Hindu Trimūrti Archived 9 July 2022 at the Wayback Machine, Numen, Vol. 26, Fasc. 2, pages 152-163
Jan Gonda (1969), The Hindu Trinity Archived 25 April 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Anthropos, Bd 63/64, H 1/2, pages 213-214
Richard Anderson (1967), Hindu Myths in Mallarmé: Un Coup de Dés Archived 1 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Comparative Literature, Vol. 19, No. 1, pages 28-35
Richard Anderson (1967), Hindu Myths in Mallarmé: Un Coup de Dés Archived 1 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Comparative Literature, Vol. 19, No. 1, page 31-33

poetrynook.com

"Poem: Purananuru - Part 362 by George L. III Hart". Archived from the original on 26 September 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
"Poem: Purananuru - Part 15 by George L. III Hart". Archived from the original on 30 September 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.

web.archive.org

"Brahma, Brahmā, Brāhma: 66 definitions". Wisdomlib.org. 6 June 2022. Archived from the original on 5 August 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
Jan Gonda (1969), The Hindu Trinity Archived 25 April 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Anthropos, Bd 63/64, H 1/2, pp. 212–226.
Jan Gonda (1969), The Hindu Trinity Archived 25 April 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Anthropos, Bd 63/64, H 1/2, pp. 218–219.
GM Bailey (1979), Trifunctional Elements in the theology of the Hindu Trimūrti Archived 9 July 2022 at the Wayback Machine, Numen, Vol. 26, Fasc. 2, pages 152-163
Eck, Diana L. (5 June 2013). Banaras: CITY OF LIGHT. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 146. ISBN 978-0-307-83295-5. Archived from the original on 2 November 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
Jan Gonda (1969), The Hindu Trinity Archived 25 April 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Anthropos, Bd 63/64, H 1/2, pages 213-214
Brahma: Hindu god Archived 11 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine Encyclopædia Britannica.
Mark Juergensmeyer; Wade Clark Roof (2011). Encyclopedia of Global Religion. SAGE Publications. p. 1335. ISBN 978-1-4522-6656-5. Archived from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
Stella Kramrisch (1992). The Presence of Siva. Princeton University Press. p. 171. ISBN 0-691-01930-4. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
Richard Anderson (1967), Hindu Myths in Mallarmé: Un Coup de Dés Archived 1 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Comparative Literature, Vol. 19, No. 1, pages 28-35
Richard Anderson (1967), Hindu Myths in Mallarmé: Un Coup de Dés Archived 1 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Comparative Literature, Vol. 19, No. 1, page 31-33
"Poem: Purananuru - Part 362 by George L. III Hart". Archived from the original on 26 September 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
"Poem: Purananuru - Part 15 by George L. III Hart". Archived from the original on 30 September 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
The Cilappatikāram: The Tale of an Anklet (Iḷaṅkōvaṭikaḷ). Translated by R Parthasarathy. Penguin Books. 2004. pp. 6–8. ISBN 978-0-14-303196-3. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
Roshen Dalal (2010). The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths. Penguin Books. pp. 66–67. ISBN 978-0-14-341517-6. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
Thomas E. Donaldson (2001). Iconography of the Buddhist Sculpture of Orissa. Abhinav. p. 99. ISBN 978-81-7017-406-6. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
Gupta, S. V. (2010). "Ch. 1.2.4 Time Measurements". In Hull, Robert; Osgood, Richard M. Jr.; Parisi, Jurgen; Warlimont, Hans (eds.). Units of Measurement: Past, Present and Future. International System of Units. Springer Series in Materials Science: 122. Springer. pp. 6–8. ISBN 9783642007378. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2024. Paraphrased: Deva day equals solar year. Deva lifespan (36,000 solar years) equals 100 360-day years, each 12 months. Mahayuga equals 12,000 Deva (divine) years (4,320,000 solar years), and is divided into 10 charnas consisting of four Yugas: Satya Yuga (4 charnas of 1,728,000 solar years), Treta Yuga (3 charnas of 1,296,000 solar years), Dvapara Yuga (2 charnas of 864,000 solar years), and Kali Yuga (1 charna of 432,000 solar years). Manvantara equals 71 Mahayugas (306,720,000 solar years). Kalpa (day of Brahma) equals an Adi Sandhya, 14 Manvantaras, and 14 Sandhya Kalas, where 1st Manvantara preceded by Adi Sandhya and each Manvantara followed by Sandhya Kala, each Sandhya lasting same duration as Satya yuga (1,728,000 solar years), during which the entire earth is submerged in water. Day of Brahma equals 1,000 Mahayugas, the same length for a night of Brahma (Bhagavad-gita 8.17). Brahma lifespan (311.04 trillion solar years) equals 100 360-day years, each 12 months. Parardha is 50 Brahma years and we are in the 2nd half of his life. After 100 years of Brahma, the universe starts with a new Brahma. We are currently in the 28th Kali yuga of the first day of the 51st year of the second Parardha in the reign of the 7th (Vaivasvata) Manu. This is the 51st year of the present Brahma and so about 155 trillion years have elapsed. The current Kali Yuga (Iron Age) began at midnight on 17/18 February 3102 BC in the proleptic Julian calendar.
Lewis Hodous; William Edward Soothill (2004). A dictionary of Chinese Buddhist terms : with Sanskrit and English equivalents and a Sanskrit-Pali index. London: RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 0-203-64186-8. OCLC 275253538. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
"Menyingkap Misteri Dewa Brahma Jarang Dipuja (Indonesian)", Baliexpress, archived from the original on 9 July 2021, retrieved 30 June 2021
"Dewa Brahma", GamaBali, archived from the original on 24 June 2021, retrieved 30 June 2021

wisdomlib.org

"Brahma, Brahmā, Brāhma: 66 definitions". Wisdomlib.org. 6 June 2022. Archived from the original on 5 August 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.

worldcat.org

PK Acharya, A summary of the Mānsāra, a treatise on architecture and cognate subjects, PhD Thesis awarded by Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden, published by BRILL, OCLC 898773783, page 50
Lewis Hodous; William Edward Soothill (2004). A dictionary of Chinese Buddhist terms : with Sanskrit and English equivalents and a Sanskrit-Pali index. London: RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 0-203-64186-8. OCLC 275253538. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024. Retrieved 10 May 2021.