Braille (English Wikipedia)

"Appendix A to Part 36 – Standards for Accessible Design: ADA Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities". 14 March 2014. Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021. 4.30.4* Raised and Brailled Characters and Pictorial Symbol Signs (Pictograms). Letters and numerals shall be raised 1/32 in, upper case, sans serif or simple serif type and shall be accompanied with Grade 2 Braille.

afb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Dot Positions in the braille cell Are Identified by Numbers from One Through Six". AFB.org. Archived from the original on 8 March 2019. Retrieved 19 June 2016.
Dixon, Judy. "Supercharge Your Braille Reading for Pleasure and Productivity". AFB AccessWorld. American Foundation for the Blind. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

aph.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

American Printing House for the Blind (APH) (1999), APH maintains an annual register of legally blind students below the college level, archived from the original on 31 January 2002, retrieved 27 October 2016

aphmuseum.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Perkins/APH Next Generation Brailler". APH Museum. Retrieved 26 October 2022.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Edman, Polly (1992). Tactile Graphics. American Foundation for the Blind. p. 154. ISBN 978-0-89128-194-8. Retrieved 23 October 2019. Stainsby brailler

avh.asso.fr (Global: low place; English: low place)

Roy, Noëlle, "Louis Braille 1809–1852, a French genius" (PDF), Valentin Haüy Association, archived from the original (PDF) on 10 October 2010, retrieved 5 February 2011

bankofengland.co.uk (Global: 3,707^th place; English: 1,947^th place)

"Questions about polymer banknotes and the new £10 note". Bank of England. 1 December 2021. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

boi.org.il (Global: low place; English: low place)

Bank of Israel – Banknote Security Features – Raised print (intaglio) Archived 23 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine. boi.org.il. Retrieved 11 January 2013.

boston.com (Global: 468^th place; English: 271^st place)

archive.boston.com

Ranalli, Ralph (5 January 2008), "A Boost for Braille", The Boston Globe, archived from the original on 3 March 2016, retrieved 17 April 2009

braille.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Riles, Ruby, "The Impact of Braille Reading Skills on Employment, Income, Education, and Reading Habits", Braille Research Center, archived from the original on 28 May 2009, retrieved 15 April 2009

brailleliteracycanada.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

"June 4, 2021 Workshop: Braille Literacy Canada Symposium: From Braille Literacy to Empowerment". Archived from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.

brailleworks.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"What is Braille". Brailleworks. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

britannica.com (Global: 37^th place; English: 64^th place)

"Braille". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 20 April 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

cbr.ru (Global: 5,105^th place; English: low place)

"Banknotes | Банк России". www.cbr.ru. Central Bank of Russia. Archived from the original on 9 December 2018. Retrieved 9 December 2018.

dexigner.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Perkins SMART Brailler". Dexigner. 17 July 2012. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Sadato, Norihiro; Pascual-Leone, Alvaro; Grafman, Jordan; Ibañez, Vicente; Deiber, Marie-Pierre; Dold, Guido; Hallett, Mark (1996). "Activation of the primary visual cortex by Braille reading in blind subjects". Nature. 380 (6574): 526–528. doi:10.1038/380526a0. PMID 8606771.
Sheffield, Rebecca; D'Andrea, Frances M.; Morash, Valerie; Chatfield, Sarah (2022). "How Many Braille Readers? Policy, Politics, and Perception". Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness. 116: 14–25. doi:10.1177/0145482X211071125. S2CID 247049239. Retrieved 11 April 2022.
Wiazowski, Jaroslaw (2014). "Can Braille Be Revived? A Possible Impact of High-End Braille and Mainstream Technology on the Revival of Tactile Literacy Medium". Assistive Technology. 26 (4): 227–30. doi:10.1080/10400435.2014.928389. PMID 25771608. S2CID 27260036 – via Taylor & Francis Online.

duxburysystems.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Louis Braille and the Braille System". duxburysystems.com. Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
"Sylheti". www.duxburysystems.com. Archived from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 8 June 2021.

duxburysystems.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Braille Translation System for the IBM 704 by Ann S. Schack and R.T. Mertz, 1961 Archived 22 December 2018 at the Wayback Machine retrieved 30 March 2016
Schack, Ann; And others (June 1969). "Computer Translation: Grade 2 from Print; Report of American Printing House of the Blind" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2016.

ecb.int (Global: 6,703^rd place; English: 7,354^th place)

"ECB: For the visually impaired". European Central Bank. 2002. Archived from the original on 7 January 2012. Retrieved 10 January 2012.

gov.uk (Global: 401^st place; English: 228^th place)

"Medicines: packaging, labeling, and patient information leaflets". gov.uk. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 5 May 2015.

hindu.com (Global: 511^th place; English: 294^th place)

"National: Right to Information Act in Braille". The Hindu. 4 July 2006. Archived from the original on 8 July 2006. Retrieved 21 December 2012.

iapb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

World Blind Union. "Press Release: The importance of Braille Literacy". The International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

iceb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Unified English Braille". International Council on English Braille. Archived from the original on 11 April 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

McNaught, Alistair; Alexander, Huw; Atkins, Madeleine (2014), "Ebooks and accessibility", in Woodward, Hazel (ed.), Ebooks in Education, Realising the Vision, Ubiquity Press, pp. 35–50, ISBN 978-1-909188-37-2, JSTOR j.ctv3t5qn1.8, retrieved 4 June 2024

latimes.com (Global: 32^nd place; English: 21^st place)

Ebnet, Matthew (30 June 2001), "Braille Challenge Gives Young Blind Students a Chance to Shine", Los Angeles Times, archived from the original on 15 July 2012, retrieved 15 April 2009

loc.gov (Global: 63^rd place; English: 47^th place)

"Braille Book Review May–June 2021". National Library Service for the Blind and Print Disabled (NLS) | Library of Congress. Archived from the original on 12 February 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022.

nbp.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

About Braille – The Need for Braille. NBP.

nfb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Riles, Ruby (2004), "Research Study: Early Braille Education Vital", Future Reflections, archived from the original on 29 August 2008, retrieved 15 April 2009
Risjord, Constance (2009). Instruction Manual for Braille Transcribing (Archived 17 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine), Library of Congress, 5th ed. ISBN 0-8444-1227-9.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Sadato, Norihiro; Pascual-Leone, Alvaro; Grafman, Jordan; Ibañez, Vicente; Deiber, Marie-Pierre; Dold, Guido; Hallett, Mark (1996). "Activation of the primary visual cortex by Braille reading in blind subjects". Nature. 380 (6574): 526–528. doi:10.1038/380526a0. PMID 8606771.
Wiazowski, Jaroslaw (2014). "Can Braille Be Revived? A Possible Impact of High-End Braille and Mainstream Technology on the Revival of Tactile Literacy Medium". Assistive Technology. 26 (4): 227–30. doi:10.1080/10400435.2014.928389. PMID 25771608. S2CID 27260036 – via Taylor & Francis Online.

otc-cta.gc.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Accessible Transportation for Persons with Disabilities Regulations". Canadian Transportation Agency. 23 June 2020. Archived from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

pathstoliteracy.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Reed-Brown, Cindy; Palmer, Peggy. "Pre-Braille". Paths to Literacy. Perkins School for the Blind/Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired. Archived from the original on 30 November 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

perkins.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Perkins; International Council on English Braille; National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress; UNESCO (2013), World Braille Usage (3rd ed.), Perkins, archived from the original on 30 November 2021, retrieved 30 November 2021
"History of the Perkins Brailler" (PDF). 17 November 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 October 2012.

rnib.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Royal National Institute of Blind People, Braille 200, accessed on 28 May 2025

sagepub.com (Global: 609^th place; English: 451^st place)

journals.sagepub.com

Sheffield, Rebecca; D'Andrea, Frances M.; Morash, Valerie; Chatfield, Sarah (2022). "How Many Braille Readers? Policy, Politics, and Perception". Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness. 116: 14–25. doi:10.1177/0145482X211071125. S2CID 247049239. Retrieved 11 April 2022.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Sheffield, Rebecca; D'Andrea, Frances M.; Morash, Valerie; Chatfield, Sarah (2022). "How Many Braille Readers? Policy, Politics, and Perception". Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness. 116: 14–25. doi:10.1177/0145482X211071125. S2CID 247049239. Retrieved 11 April 2022.
Wiazowski, Jaroslaw (2014). "Can Braille Be Revived? A Possible Impact of High-End Braille and Mainstream Technology on the Revival of Tactile Literacy Medium". Assistive Technology. 26 (4): 227–30. doi:10.1080/10400435.2014.928389. PMID 25771608. S2CID 27260036 – via Taylor & Francis Online.

un.org (Global: 117^th place; English: 160^th place)

"World Braille Day: 4th January". www.un.org. Retrieved 2 January 2017.

unesco.org (Global: 104^th place; English: 170^th place)

unesdoc.unesco.org

"International Meeting on Braille Uniformity" (PDF). UNESCO. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 November 2013. Retrieved 24 April 2012.

unicode.org (Global: 691^st place; English: 581^st place)

"Chapter 21 – Unicode 17.0.0". www.unicode.org. Retrieved 5 May 2026.

usmint.gov (Global: 5,667^th place; English: 3,885^th place)

"Alabama State Quarter | U.S. Mint". United States Mint.

victoriancollections.net.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Object – Stainsby Braille writer – Victorian Collections". Victorian Collections. Museums Australia Victoria. Archived from the original on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2019.

visionaware.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"All About Braille". VisionAware. American Printing House for the Blind. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
"Home | Recreation and Leisure for People Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired | Playing Cards and Games After Vision Loss | Board Games". visionaware.org. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"The Dot Positions in the braille cell Are Identified by Numbers from One Through Six". AFB.org. Archived from the original on 8 March 2019. Retrieved 19 June 2016.
"Louis Braille and the Braille System". duxburysystems.com. Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
World Blind Union. "Press Release: The importance of Braille Literacy". The International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
Roy, Noëlle, "Louis Braille 1809–1852, a French genius" (PDF), Valentin Haüy Association, archived from the original (PDF) on 10 October 2010, retrieved 5 February 2011
Perkins; International Council on English Braille; National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress; UNESCO (2013), World Braille Usage (3rd ed.), Perkins, archived from the original on 30 November 2021, retrieved 30 November 2021
"Unified English Braille". International Council on English Braille. Archived from the original on 11 April 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
"History of the Perkins Brailler" (PDF). 17 November 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 October 2012.
"Object – Stainsby Braille writer – Victorian Collections". Victorian Collections. Museums Australia Victoria. Archived from the original on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
Braille Translation System for the IBM 704 by Ann S. Schack and R.T. Mertz, 1961 Archived 22 December 2018 at the Wayback Machine retrieved 30 March 2016
Schack, Ann; And others (June 1969). "Computer Translation: Grade 2 from Print; Report of American Printing House of the Blind" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
"Perkins SMART Brailler". Dexigner. 17 July 2012. Archived from the original on 28 September 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
"Braille Book Review May–June 2021". National Library Service for the Blind and Print Disabled (NLS) | Library of Congress. Archived from the original on 12 February 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
Dixon, Judy. "Supercharge Your Braille Reading for Pleasure and Productivity". AFB AccessWorld. American Foundation for the Blind. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
Reed-Brown, Cindy; Palmer, Peggy. "Pre-Braille". Paths to Literacy. Perkins School for the Blind/Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired. Archived from the original on 30 November 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
"All About Braille". VisionAware. American Printing House for the Blind. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
"June 4, 2021 Workshop: Braille Literacy Canada Symposium: From Braille Literacy to Empowerment". Archived from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
Riles, Ruby, "The Impact of Braille Reading Skills on Employment, Income, Education, and Reading Habits", Braille Research Center, archived from the original on 28 May 2009, retrieved 15 April 2009
Ranalli, Ralph (5 January 2008), "A Boost for Braille", The Boston Globe, archived from the original on 3 March 2016, retrieved 17 April 2009
American Printing House for the Blind (APH) (1999), APH maintains an annual register of legally blind students below the college level, archived from the original on 31 January 2002, retrieved 27 October 2016
Ebnet, Matthew (30 June 2001), "Braille Challenge Gives Young Blind Students a Chance to Shine", Los Angeles Times, archived from the original on 15 July 2012, retrieved 15 April 2009
Riles, Ruby (2004), "Research Study: Early Braille Education Vital", Future Reflections, archived from the original on 29 August 2008, retrieved 15 April 2009
Risjord, Constance (2009). Instruction Manual for Braille Transcribing (Archived 17 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine), Library of Congress, 5th ed. ISBN 0-8444-1227-9.
"What is Braille". Brailleworks. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
"International Meeting on Braille Uniformity" (PDF). UNESCO. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 November 2013. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
"Home | Recreation and Leisure for People Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired | Playing Cards and Games After Vision Loss | Board Games". visionaware.org. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
"National: Right to Information Act in Braille". The Hindu. 4 July 2006. Archived from the original on 8 July 2006. Retrieved 21 December 2012.
"Sylheti". www.duxburysystems.com. Archived from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 8 June 2021.
"Accessible Transportation for Persons with Disabilities Regulations". Canadian Transportation Agency. 23 June 2020. Archived from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
"Appendix A to Part 36 – Standards for Accessible Design: ADA Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities". 14 March 2014. Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021. 4.30.4* Raised and Brailled Characters and Pictorial Symbol Signs (Pictograms). Letters and numerals shall be raised 1/32 in, upper case, sans serif or simple serif type and shall be accompanied with Grade 2 Braille.
"Medicines: packaging, labeling, and patient information leaflets". gov.uk. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 5 May 2015.
Bank of Israel – Banknote Security Features – Raised print (intaglio) Archived 23 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine. boi.org.il. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
"Banknotes | Банк России". www.cbr.ru. Central Bank of Russia. Archived from the original on 9 December 2018. Retrieved 9 December 2018.
"ECB: For the visually impaired". European Central Bank. 2002. Archived from the original on 7 January 2012. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
Mills, Nicole (30 August 2016). "Australia's new $5 notes to be more accessible to blind and vision-impaired people". ABC News. Archived from the original on 21 October 2016. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
"Questions about polymer banknotes and the new £10 note". Bank of England. 1 December 2021. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Loomis, Madeleine Seymour (1942). The Braille Reference Book for Grades I, I.5, and II. New York and London: Harper & Bros. OCLC 13839990.

Braille (English Wikipedia)

abc.net.au (Global: 120th place; English: 70th place)

ada.gov (Global: low place; English: low place)

afb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

aph.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

aphmuseum.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

avh.asso.fr (Global: low place; English: low place)

bankofengland.co.uk (Global: 3,707th place; English: 1,947th place)

boi.org.il (Global: low place; English: low place)

boston.com (Global: 468th place; English: 271st place)

archive.boston.com

braille.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

brailleliteracycanada.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

brailleworks.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

britannica.com (Global: 37th place; English: 64th place)

cbr.ru (Global: 5,105th place; English: low place)

dexigner.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

duxburysystems.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

duxburysystems.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

ecb.int (Global: 6,703rd place; English: 7,354th place)

gov.uk (Global: 401st place; English: 228th place)

hindu.com (Global: 511th place; English: 294th place)

iapb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

iceb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

jstor.org (Global: 23rd place; English: 15th place)

latimes.com (Global: 32nd place; English: 21st place)

loc.gov (Global: 63rd place; English: 47th place)

nbp.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

nfb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

nih.gov (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

otc-cta.gc.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

pathstoliteracy.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

perkins.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

rnib.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

sagepub.com (Global: 609th place; English: 451st place)

journals.sagepub.com

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

un.org (Global: 117th place; English: 160th place)

unesco.org (Global: 104th place; English: 170th place)

unesdoc.unesco.org

unicode.org (Global: 691st place; English: 581st place)

usmint.gov (Global: 5,667th place; English: 3,885th place)

victoriancollections.net.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

visionaware.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

abc.net.au (Global: 120^th place; English: 70^th place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

bankofengland.co.uk (Global: 3,707^th place; English: 1,947^th place)

boston.com (Global: 468^th place; English: 271^st place)

britannica.com (Global: 37^th place; English: 64^th place)

cbr.ru (Global: 5,105^th place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

ecb.int (Global: 6,703^rd place; English: 7,354^th place)

gov.uk (Global: 401^st place; English: 228^th place)

hindu.com (Global: 511^th place; English: 294^th place)

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

latimes.com (Global: 32^nd place; English: 21^st place)

loc.gov (Global: 63^rd place; English: 47^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

sagepub.com (Global: 609^th place; English: 451^st place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

un.org (Global: 117^th place; English: 160^th place)

unesco.org (Global: 104^th place; English: 170^th place)

unicode.org (Global: 691^st place; English: 581^st place)

usmint.gov (Global: 5,667^th place; English: 3,885^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)