British Rail Class 91 (English Wikipedia)

Fawcett, M. (April 2008). Vehicle Diagram Book - Class 91 Locomotive (1 ed.). London: HSBC Rail UK. EV/DB0910. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.

doi.org

Heath, D. L.; Wood, A. M. J.; Fenwick, T. H.; Riddell, J. B. (August 1994). "Discussion: Electrification of British Railway's East Coast Main Line". Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Transport. 105 (3): 232. doi:10.1680/itran.1994.26798.

eastcoast.co.uk

"East Coast Names Train Sir Bobby Robson" (Press release). East Coast. 29 March 2011. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
"Reg's return heralds unveiling of iconic train name" (Press release). East Coast. 1 December 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2012.
"Now arriving at Platform 007". East Coast (Press release). Archived from the original on 20 June 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
"East Coast names train "Sir Bobby Robson"" (Press release). East Coast. 29 March 2011. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2012.
"West Riding region honoured at train naming ceremony" (Press release). East Coast. 13 September 2012. Archived from the original on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2012.

mediacentre.eastcoast.co.uk

"East Coast unveils tribute "For the Fallen"" (Press release). East Coast. 14 October 2014. Archived from the original on 19 December 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
"East Coast unveils moving tribute "For The Fallen"". East Coast (Press release). 14 October 2014. Archived from the original on 19 December 2014.
"East Coast train named "Durham Cathedral"". East Coast (Press release). 3 July 2013. Archived from the original on 14 July 2013.
"Famous North East anthem 'Blaydon Races' takes to the tracks" (Press release). East Coast. 6 June 2012. Archived from the original on 24 December 2012. Retrieved 6 June 2012.

epfl.ch

documents.epfl.ch

Kaller, Roger; Allenbach, Jean-Marc (1995). Traction électrique (PDF) (in French). Lausanne: Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes. p. 8.2.91. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2012.

eversholtrail.co.uk

"IC225 Fleet Lease Extension and Overhaul". eversholtrail.co.uk. 10 September 2020. Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2020.

gcrauctions.com

"Lot 328, GCR Auction, Sale 122". GCR Auctions. Archived from the original on 30 November 2011. Retrieved 3 April 2012.

ieee.org

ieeexplore.ieee.org

Donnison, P.J.; West, G.R. (September 1989). "The design and development of the Class 91 locomotive". International Conference on Main Line Railway Electrification 1989: 294–298.

lner.co.uk

"LNER Celebrates Summer of Pride on East Coast Route". London North Eastern Railway. 26 August 2019. Archived from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
"New Livery for LNER InterCity 225 Fleet as Part of Essential Maintenance". London North Eastern Railway. 13 June 2022. Archived from the original on 17 July 2022. Retrieved 6 September 2022.

nrm.org.uk

"Back to the future as history made with East Coast rail icons". York: National Railway Museum. 24 April 2017. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.

orr.gov.uk

"Grand Union Trains notification form on an open access service that may be subject to the Economic Equilibrium Test | Office of Rail and Road". www.orr.gov.uk. 27 August 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 August 2019.

radiorewind.co.uk

"Radio Rewind - BBC Radio 1 Timeline - 1978 to 1992". www.radiorewind.co.uk. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2012.

railadvent.co.uk

Holden, Michael (10 November 2022). "LNER's InterCity Swallow liveried Class 91 locomotive is latest to be repainted". RailAdvent. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
"Virgin Trains reveal 'The Fusiliers' train". RailAdvent. 28 March 2018. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
"Virgin Loco 91 126 Named Darlington Hippodrome". Railway Adventures. 21 November 2017. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
"First LNER Class 91 locomotive set to be scrapped in Nottingham". RailAdvent. 19 March 2021. Archived from the original on 22 March 2021. Retrieved 6 April 2021.
Holden, Michael (10 September 2020). "LNER to retain 10 Class 91s up to 2023, as overhaul contracts awarded". RailAdvent. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 25 December 2020.

railengineer.co.uk

Stanton, Peter (23 November 2017). "ECML Power Supply Upgrade". Rail Engineer. Derby: RailStaff Publications. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
Bickell, David (15 November 2018). "The digital railway – progresses to the East Coast Main Line". Rail Engineer. Coalville: Rail Media Group. Retrieved 4 February 2023.

railengineer.uk

Shirres, David. "ECML: Electrification as it used to be". Rail Engineer. Coalville: Rail Media Group. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.

railmagazine.com

Clinnick, Richard (10 October 2019). "Europhoenix earmarks '91s' for European freight use". Rail Magazine. Peterborough: Bauer Consumer Media. Archived from the original on 12 October 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
"Class 91s... promise unfulfilled". Rail Magazine. No. 869 (January 2019). Peterborough: Bauer Consumer Media. Archived from the original on 29 July 2019. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
Clinnick, Richard (20 March 2013). "No rest for the '91s'". Rail Magazine. Peterborough: Bauer Consumer Media. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
"FROM THE ARCHIVES: Traction transition: HST to Azuma". www.railmagazine.com. Archived from the original on 21 January 2020. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
Clinnick, Richard (10 October 2019). "Europhoenix earmarks '91s' for European freight use". www.railmagazine.com. Archived from the original on 12 October 2019.
Clinnick, Richard (5 February 2020). "ROG to use Class 91s for Midland Main Line electrification testing". Rail Magazine. Bauer Media. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
"Crewe's record-breaking '91' saved for Bo'ness museum". Rail Magazine. Peterborough: Bauer Consumer Media. 6 January 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2023.

railperf.org.uk

"RPS listing of 'special' runs" (PDF). Railway Performance Society. June 2006. Retrieved 21 February 2023.

railtechnologymagazine.com

"LNER reintroduces stored InterCity 225 trains into service". Rail Technology Magazine. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 12 May 2021.

railwaygazette.com

"Cardiff – London open access plan". Railway Gazette International. 19 June 2019. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019.

railwayherald.com

archive.railwayherald.com

Cover, Ron (9 August 2010). Tuplin, Richard (ed.). "East Coast goes silver and purple!" (PDF). Railway Herald (223): 3. ISSN 1751-8091. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 12 August 2010.

railwaysarchive.co.uk

Your New Electric Railway: The Great Northern Suburban Electrification (PDF). British Rail. 1973. BR(E) M68 (4/73). Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2014.

railwaystrategies.co.uk

"Duplex pantograph prototype unveiled". Railway Strategies. No. 475. Norwich: Schofield Publishing. 1 February 2013. Archived from the original on 12 November 2013. Retrieved 12 November 2013.

readly.com

gb.readly.com

"Back in time for europhoenix 91120". Railways Illustrated Magazine. Readly. 3 October 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2024.

rssb.co.uk

System Data for Mechanical and Electrical Coupling of Rail Vehicles in support of GM/RT2190 (PDF). London: Rail Safety and Standards Board. 22 June 2011. SD001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 April 2012. Retrieved 22 November 2022.

stevenknightmedia.com

"Bounds Green depot celebrates 40 years of HST maintenance by naming a Class 91!". Steven Knight Media. 14 October 2017. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 14 October 2017.

thenorthernecho.co.uk

"All aboard the Lord Mayor of Newcastle as train celebrates city anniversary". The Northern Echo. 7 December 2016. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021.

traintesting.com

Railway Industry Association (1988). "Elektrische Lokomotive Klasse 91 - Technische Daten / Class 91 Electric Locomotive - Technical Information" (JPEG). Grossbritanniens Neue Eisenbahnen / Britain's New Railways (in German and English). London: British Railways Board. Archived from the original on 19 November 2022.
"91101 at Leeds". 5 October 2010. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011.

virgintrainseastcoast.com

"First Minister launches new Virgin Flying Scotsman train" (Press release). Virgin Trains East Coast. 28 October 2015. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2015.

web.archive.org

Fawcett, M. (April 2008). Vehicle Diagram Book - Class 91 Locomotive (1 ed.). London: HSBC Rail UK. EV/DB0910. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
Kaller, Roger; Allenbach, Jean-Marc (1995). Traction électrique (PDF) (in French). Lausanne: Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes. p. 8.2.91. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
Railway Industry Association (1988). "Elektrische Lokomotive Klasse 91 - Technische Daten / Class 91 Electric Locomotive - Technical Information" (JPEG). Grossbritanniens Neue Eisenbahnen / Britain's New Railways (in German and English). London: British Railways Board. Archived from the original on 19 November 2022.
System Data for Mechanical and Electrical Coupling of Rail Vehicles in support of GM/RT2190 (PDF). London: Rail Safety and Standards Board. 22 June 2011. SD001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 April 2012. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
Clinnick, Richard (10 October 2019). "Europhoenix earmarks '91s' for European freight use". Rail Magazine. Peterborough: Bauer Consumer Media. Archived from the original on 12 October 2019. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
Shirres, David. "ECML: Electrification as it used to be". Rail Engineer. Coalville: Rail Media Group. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
Your New Electric Railway: The Great Northern Suburban Electrification (PDF). British Rail. 1973. BR(E) M68 (4/73). Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2014.
"Back to the future as history made with East Coast rail icons". York: National Railway Museum. 24 April 2017. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
"Class 91s... promise unfulfilled". Rail Magazine. No. 869 (January 2019). Peterborough: Bauer Consumer Media. Archived from the original on 29 July 2019. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
"Duplex pantograph prototype unveiled". Railway Strategies. No. 475. Norwich: Schofield Publishing. 1 February 2013. Archived from the original on 12 November 2013. Retrieved 12 November 2013.
Cover, Ron (9 August 2010). Tuplin, Richard (ed.). "East Coast goes silver and purple!" (PDF). Railway Herald (223): 3. ISSN 1751-8091. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 12 August 2010.
"91101 at Leeds". 5 October 2010. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011.
"East Coast unveils tribute "For the Fallen"" (Press release). East Coast. 14 October 2014. Archived from the original on 19 December 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
"Sir Bobby Robson name given to train". BBC News. 29 March 2011. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
"East Coast Names Train Sir Bobby Robson" (Press release). East Coast. 29 March 2011. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
"First Minister launches new Virgin Flying Scotsman train" (Press release). Virgin Trains East Coast. 28 October 2015. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
"Now arriving at Platform 007". East Coast (Press release). Archived from the original on 20 June 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
@LNER (21 July 2019). ""On Monday 22nd July after thirty years of service, we bid a final farewell to locomotive 91108."" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2019 – via Twitter.
Newton, Grace (22 July 2019). "Watch: Train driver's poignant horn blast as retiring LNER locomotive leaves York for the final time". The Yorkshire Post. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2019.
"East Coast names train "Sir Bobby Robson"" (Press release). East Coast. 29 March 2011. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011. Retrieved 8 March 2012.
"Lot 328, GCR Auction, Sale 122". GCR Auctions. Archived from the original on 30 November 2011. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
"East Coast unveils moving tribute "For The Fallen"". East Coast (Press release). 14 October 2014. Archived from the original on 19 December 2014.
"East Coast train named "Durham Cathedral"". East Coast (Press release). 3 July 2013. Archived from the original on 14 July 2013.
"West Riding region honoured at train naming ceremony" (Press release). East Coast. 13 September 2012. Archived from the original on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2012.
@LNER (25 September 2019). "Today, we say goodbye to 91117 (West Riding Limited)" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2019 – via Twitter.
"Virgin Trains reveal 'The Fusiliers' train". RailAdvent. 28 March 2018. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
"Bounds Green depot celebrates 40 years of HST maintenance by naming a Class 91!". Steven Knight Media. 14 October 2017. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
"LNER Celebrates Summer of Pride on East Coast Route". London North Eastern Railway. 26 August 2019. Archived from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
"Radio Rewind - BBC Radio 1 Timeline - 1978 to 1992". www.radiorewind.co.uk. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2012.
"Virgin Loco 91 126 Named Darlington Hippodrome". Railway Adventures. 21 November 2017. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
"New Livery for LNER InterCity 225 Fleet as Part of Essential Maintenance". London North Eastern Railway. 13 June 2022. Archived from the original on 17 July 2022. Retrieved 6 September 2022.
@richardsalkeld (7 July 2016). "Intercity 50" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2016 – via Twitter.
"All aboard the Lord Mayor of Newcastle as train celebrates city anniversary". The Northern Echo. 7 December 2016. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021.
"First LNER Class 91 locomotive set to be scrapped in Nottingham". RailAdvent. 19 March 2021. Archived from the original on 22 March 2021. Retrieved 6 April 2021.
"FROM THE ARCHIVES: Traction transition: HST to Azuma". www.railmagazine.com. Archived from the original on 21 January 2020. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
@LNER (29 January 2020). "If you're a fan of our IC225 trains, you can continue to enjoy them for a bit longer. We are retaining a number of them in order to deliver all of the benefits of our Dec 2021 timetable plans" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2020 – via Twitter.
@LNER (5 February 2020). "18 currently and we are keeping 10 till the end of 2021" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 6 February 2020. Retrieved 5 February 2020 – via Twitter.
"IC225 Fleet Lease Extension and Overhaul". eversholtrail.co.uk. 10 September 2020. Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2020.
Holden, Michael (10 September 2020). "LNER to retain 10 Class 91s up to 2023, as overhaul contracts awarded". RailAdvent. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 25 December 2020.
@DavidHorne (15 January 2021). "Last day in service for our speed record-breaking #Class91 locomotives today... for a while" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 15 January 2021 – via Twitter.
"LNER reintroduces stored InterCity 225 trains into service". Rail Technology Magazine. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
Clinnick, Richard (10 October 2019). "Europhoenix earmarks '91s' for European freight use". www.railmagazine.com. Archived from the original on 12 October 2019.
Clinnick, Richard (5 February 2020). "ROG to use Class 91s for Midland Main Line electrification testing". Rail Magazine. Bauer Media. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
"Cardiff – London open access plan". Railway Gazette International. 19 June 2019. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019.
"Grand Union Trains notification form on an open access service that may be subject to the Economic Equilibrium Test | Office of Rail and Road". www.orr.gov.uk. 27 August 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 August 2019.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

"First impressions of ATP-P". Modern Railways. Vol. 35, no. 359. Ian Allan. August 1978. pp. 354–358. ISSN 0026-8356.
Ford, Roger (April 1988). "Managing Electra". Modern Railways. ISSN 0026-8356.
"Class 91 hits 162 mph". Rail Magazine. No. 106. EMAP National Publications. 5–18 October 1989. p. 5. ISSN 0953-4563. OCLC 49953699.
Cover, Ron (9 August 2010). Tuplin, Richard (ed.). "East Coast goes silver and purple!" (PDF). Railway Herald (223): 3. ISSN 1751-8091. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 12 August 2010.
Clinnick, Richard (24 April 2019). "May start for withdrawal of LNER's redundant trains". Rail Magazine. No. 877. Peterborough: Bauer Media. p. 32. ISSN 0953-4563.

x.com

@LNER (21 July 2019). ""On Monday 22nd July after thirty years of service, we bid a final farewell to locomotive 91108."" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2019 – via Twitter.
@LNER (25 September 2019). "Today, we say goodbye to 91117 (West Riding Limited)" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2019 – via Twitter.
@richardsalkeld (7 July 2016). "Intercity 50" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2016 – via Twitter.
Bo'ness & Kinneil Railway [@bonessrailway] (10 March 2023). "Class 91131 has arrived safely at B&KR. You can see the loco in our @Mus_Scot_Rways from April 2023" (Tweet). Retrieved 3 April 2023 – via Twitter.
@LNER (29 January 2020). "If you're a fan of our IC225 trains, you can continue to enjoy them for a bit longer. We are retaining a number of them in order to deliver all of the benefits of our Dec 2021 timetable plans" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2020 – via Twitter.
@LNER (5 February 2020). "18 currently and we are keeping 10 till the end of 2021" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 6 February 2020. Retrieved 5 February 2020 – via Twitter.
@DavidHorne (15 January 2021). "Last day in service for our speed record-breaking #Class91 locomotives today... for a while" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 15 January 2021 – via Twitter.

yorkshirepost.co.uk

Newton, Grace (22 July 2019). "Watch: Train driver's poignant horn blast as retiring LNER locomotive leaves York for the final time". The Yorkshire Post. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2019.