Brown dwarf (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Brown dwarf" in English language version.

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Burgasser, Adam J. (1 June 2008). "Brown dwarfs: Failed stars, super Jupiters". Physics Today. 61 (6): 70–71. Bibcode:2008PhT....61f..70B. doi:10.1063/1.2947658. ISSN 0031-9228.

almaobservatory.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Lira, Nicolás; Blue, Charles E.; Turner, Calum; Hiramatsu, Masaaki. "When Is a Nova Not a 'Nova'? When a White Dwarf and a Brown Dwarf Collide". ALMA Observatory. Archived from the original on 2019-10-22. Retrieved 2019-11-12.

archive.today (Global: 14^th place; English: 14^th place)

Morrison, David (2 August 2011). "Scientists today no longer think an object like Nemesis could exist". NASA Ask An Astrobiologist. Archived from the original on 13 December 2012. Retrieved 2011-10-22.

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Sorahana, Satoko; Yamamura, Issei; Murakami, Hiroshi (2013). "On the Radii of Brown Dwarfs Measured with AKARI Near-infrared Spectroscopy". The Astrophysical Journal. 767 (1): 77. arXiv:1304.1259. Bibcode:2013ApJ...767...77S. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/767/1/77. We find that the brown dwarf radius ranges between 0.64–1.13 R_J with an average radius of 0.83 R_J.
Burrows, Adam; Hubbard, William B.; Lunine, Jonathan I.; Liebert, James (2001). "The Theory of Brown Dwarfs and Extrasolar Giant Planets". Reviews of Modern Physics. 73 (3): 719–765. arXiv:astro-ph/0103383. Bibcode:2001RvMP...73..719B. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.73.719. S2CID 204927572.
R. Rebolo; E. L. Martín; G. Basri; G. W. Marcy; M. R. Zapatero-Osorio (1996). "Brown Dwarfs in the Pleiades Cluster Confirmed by the Lithium Test". The Astrophysical Journal. 469: 53–56. arXiv:astro-ph/9607002. Bibcode:1996ApJ...469L..53R. doi:10.1086/310263. S2CID 119485127.
McCaughrean, Mark J.; Close, Laird M.; Scholz, Ralf-Dieter; Lenzen, Rainer; Biller, Beth A.; Brandner, Wolfgang; Hartung, Markus; Lodieu, Nicolas (January 2004). "Epsilon Indi Ba/Bb: the nearest binary brown dwarf". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 413 (3): 1029–1036. arXiv:astro-ph/0309256. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20034292. S2CID 15407249.
Forbes, John C.; Loeb, Abraham (February 2019), "On the Existence of Brown Dwarfs More Massive than the Hydrogen Burning Limit", The Astrophysical Journal, 871 (2): 11, arXiv:1805.12143, Bibcode:2019ApJ...871..227F, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aafac8, S2CID 119059288, 227
Burrows, Adam; Hubbard, W. B.; Lunine, J. I.; Liebert, James (July 2001). "The theory of brown dwarfs and extrasolar giant planets". Reviews of Modern Physics. 73 (3): 719–765. arXiv:astro-ph/0103383. Bibcode:2001RvMP...73..719B. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.73.719. S2CID 204927572. Hence the HBMM at solar metallicity and Y_α = 50.25 is 0.07 – 0.074 M_☉, ... while the HBMM at zero metallicity is 0.092 M_☉
Burgasser, Adam J.; Marley, Mark S.; Ackerman, Andrew S.; Saumon, Didier; Lodders, Katharina; Dahn, Conard C.; Harris, Hugh C.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy (2002-06-01). "Evidence of Cloud Disruption in the L/T Dwarf Transition". The Astrophysical Journal. 571 (2): L151 – L154. arXiv:astro-ph/0205051. Bibcode:2002ApJ...571L.151B. doi:10.1086/341343. ISSN 0004-637X.
Vos, Johanna M.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Gagné, Jonathan; Marley, Mark; Metchev, Stanimir; Gizis, John; Rice, Emily L.; Cruz, Kelle (2022-01-01). "Let the Great World Spin: Revealing the Stormy, Turbulent Nature of Young Giant Exoplanet Analogs with the Spitzer Space Telescope". The Astrophysical Journal. 924 (2): 68. arXiv:2201.04711. Bibcode:2022ApJ...924...68V. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac4502. ISSN 0004-637X.
Vos, Johanna M.; Burningham, Ben; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Alejandro, Sherelyn; Gonzales, Eileen; Calamari, Emily; Bardalez Gagliuffi, Daniella; Visscher, Channon; Tan, Xianyu; Morley, Caroline V.; Marley, Mark; Gemma, Marina E.; Whiteford, Niall; Gaarn, Josefine; Park, Grace (2023-02-01). "Patchy Forsterite Clouds in the Atmospheres of Two Highly Variable Exoplanet Analogs". The Astrophysical Journal. 944 (2): 138. arXiv:2212.07399. Bibcode:2023ApJ...944..138V. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acab58. ISSN 0004-637X.
Manjavacas, Elena; Karalidi, Theodora; Vos, Johanna M.; Biller, Beth A.; Lew, Ben W. P. (2021-11-01). "Revealing the Vertical Cloud Structure of a Young Low-mass Brown Dwarf, an Analog to the β-Pictoris b Directly Imaged Exoplanet, through Keck I/MOSFIRE Spectrophotometric Variability". The Astronomical Journal. 162 (5): 179. arXiv:2107.12368. Bibcode:2021AJ....162..179M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac174c. ISSN 0004-6256.
Tremblin, P.; Chabrier, G.; Baraffe, I.; Liu, Michael. C.; Magnier, E. A.; Lagage, P. -O.; Alves de Oliveira, C.; Burgasser, A. J.; Amundsen, D. S.; Drummond, B. (2017-11-01). "Cloudless Atmospheres for Young Low-gravity Substellar Objects". The Astrophysical Journal. 850 (1): 46. arXiv:1710.02640. Bibcode:2017ApJ...850...46T. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa9214. ISSN 0004-637X.
Suárez, Genaro; Metchev, Stanimir (2022-07-01). "Ultracool dwarfs observed with the Spitzer infrared spectrograph - II. Emergence and sedimentation of silicate clouds in L dwarfs, and analysis of the full M5-T9 field dwarf spectroscopic sample". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 513 (4): 5701–5726. arXiv:2205.00168. Bibcode:2022MNRAS.513.5701S. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac1205. ISSN 0035-8711.
Miles, Brittany E.; Biller, Beth A.; Patapis, Polychronis; Worthen, Kadin; Rickman, Emily; Hoch, Kielan K. W.; Skemer, Andrew; Perrin, Marshall D.; Whiteford, Niall; Chen, Christine H.; Sargent, B.; Mukherjee, Sagnick; Morley, Caroline V.; Moran, Sarah E.; Bonnefoy, Mickael (2023-03-01). "The JWST Early-release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems II: A 1 to 20 μm Spectrum of the Planetary-mass Companion VHS 1256-1257 b". The Astrophysical Journal. 946 (1): L6. arXiv:2209.00620. Bibcode:2023ApJ...946L...6M. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acb04a. ISSN 0004-637X.
Biller, Beth A.; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Mancini, Luigi; Ciceri, Simona; Southworth, John; Kopytova, Taisiya G.; Bonnefoy, Mickaël; Deacon, Niall R.; Schlieder, Joshua E.; Buenzli, Esther; Brandner, Wolfgang; Allard, France; Homeier, Derek; Freytag, Bernd; Bailer-Jones, Coryn A. L.; Greiner, Jochen; Henning, Thomas; Goldman, Bertrand (6 November 2013). "Weather on the Nearest Brown Dwarfs: Resolved Simultaneous Multi-Wavelength Variability Monitoring of WISE J104915.57–531906.1AB". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 778 (1): L10. arXiv:1310.5144. Bibcode:2013ApJ...778L..10B. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/778/1/l10. S2CID 56107487.
Morley, Caroline V.; Fortney, Jonathan J.; Marley, Mark S.; Visscher, Channon; Saumon, Didier; Leggett, S. K. (2012-09-01). "Neglected Clouds in T and Y Dwarf Atmospheres". The Astrophysical Journal. 756 (2): 172. arXiv:1206.4313. Bibcode:2012ApJ...756..172M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/756/2/172. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 118398946.
Manjavacas, Elena; Karalidi, Theodora; Tan, Xianyu; Vos, Johanna M.; Lew, Ben W. P.; Biller, Beth A.; Oliveros-Gómez, Natalia (2022-08-01). "Top-of-the-atmosphere and Vertical Cloud Structure of a Fast-rotating Late T Dwarf". The Astronomical Journal. 164 (2): 65. arXiv:2206.07566. Bibcode:2022AJ....164...65M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac7953. ISSN 0004-6256.
Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Tinney, C. G.; Skemer, Andrew; Monson, Andrew J. (2014-09-01). "Indications of Water Clouds in the Coldest Known Brown Dwarf". The Astrophysical Journal. 793 (1): L16. arXiv:1408.4671. Bibcode:2014ApJ...793L..16F. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/793/1/L16. hdl:1959.4/unsworks_36908. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119246100.
Basri, Gibor; Brown, Michael E. (2006-08-20). "Planetesimals to Brown Dwarfs: What is a Planet?". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 34 (2006): 193–216. arXiv:astro-ph/0608417. Bibcode:2006AREPS..34..193B. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.34.031405.125058. S2CID 119338327.
Chen, Jingjing; Kipping, David (2016). "Probabilistic Forecasting of the Masses and Radii of Other Worlds". The Astrophysical Journal. 834 (1): 17. arXiv:1603.08614. Bibcode:2017ApJ...834...17C. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/17. S2CID 119114880.
Bodenheimer, Peter; D'Angelo, Gennaro; Lissauer, Jack J.; Fortney, Jonathan J.; Saumon, Didier (2013). "Deuterium Burning in Massive Giant Planets and Low-mass Brown Dwarfs Formed by Core-nucleated Accretion". The Astrophysical Journal. 770 (2): 120 (13 pp.). arXiv:1305.0980. Bibcode:2013ApJ...770..120B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/770/2/120. S2CID 118553341.
Spiegel, David S.; Burrows, Adam; Milson, John A. (2011). "The Deuterium-Burning Mass Limit for Brown Dwarfs and Giant Planets". The Astrophysical Journal. 727 (1): 57. arXiv:1008.5150. Bibcode:2011ApJ...727...57S. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/727/1/57. S2CID 118513110.
Schneider, Jean; Dedieu, Cyril; Le Sidaner, Pierre; Savalle, Renaud; Zolotukhin, Ivan (2011). "Defining and cataloging exoplanets: The exoplanet.eu database". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 532 (79): A79. arXiv:1106.0586. Bibcode:2011A&A...532A..79S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116713. S2CID 55994657.
Schneider, Jean (July 2016). "Exoplanets versus brown dwarfs: the CoRoT view and the future". The CoRoT Legacy Book. p. 157. arXiv:1604.00917. doi:10.1051/978-2-7598-1876-1.c038. ISBN 978-2-7598-1876-1. S2CID 118434022.
Hatzes, Artie P.; Rauer, Heike (2015). "A Definition for Giant Planets Based on the Mass-Density Relationship". The Astrophysical Journal. 810 (2): L25. arXiv:1506.05097. Bibcode:2015ApJ...810L..25H. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/810/2/L25. S2CID 119111221.
Wright, Jason T.; Fakhouri, Onsi; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Han, Eunkyu; Feng, Y. Katherina; Johnson, John Asher; Howard, Andrew W.; Fischer, Debra A.; Valenti, Jeff A.; Anderson, Jay; Piskunov, Nikolai (2010). "The Exoplanet Orbit Database". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 123 (902): 412–422. arXiv:1012.5676. Bibcode:2011PASP..123..412W. doi:10.1086/659427. S2CID 51769219.
Delorme, Philippe; Gagné, Jonathan; Malo, Lison; Reylé, Céline; Artigau, Étienne; Albert, Loïc; Forveille, Thierry; Delfosse, Xavier; Allard, France; Homeier, Derek (December 2012). "CFBDSIR2149-0403: a 4–7 Jupiter-mass free-floating planet in the young moving group AB Doradus?". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 548: A26. arXiv:1210.0305. Bibcode:2012A&A...548A..26D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219984. S2CID 50935950.
Luhman, Kevin L. (21 April 2014). "Discovery of a ~250 K Brown Dwarf at 2 pc from the Sun". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 786 (2): L18. arXiv:1404.6501. Bibcode:2014ApJ...786L..18L. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/786/2/L18. S2CID 119102654.
Saumon, Didier; Marley, Mark S. (December 2008). "The Evolution of L and T Dwarfs in Color-Magnitude Diagrams". Astrophysical Journal. 689 (2): 1327–1344. arXiv:0808.2611. Bibcode:2008ApJ...689.1327S. doi:10.1086/592734. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 15981010.
Marocco, Federico; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Meisner, Aaron M.; Caselden, Dan; Eisenhardt, Peter R. M.; Cushing, Michael C.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Gelino, Christopher R.; Wright, Edward L. (2020). "Improved infrared photometry and a preliminary parallax measurement for the extremely cold brown dwarf CWISEP J144606.62-231717.8". The Astrophysical Journal. 888 (2): L19. arXiv:1912.07692. Bibcode:2020ApJ...888L..19M. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab6201. S2CID 209386563.
Filippazzo, Joseph C.; Rice, Emily L.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Cruz, Kelle L.; Van Gordon, Mollie M.; Looper, Dagny L. (September 2015). "Fundamental Parameters and Spectral Energy Distributions of Young and Field Age Objects with Masses Spanning the Stellar to Planetary Regime". Astrophysical Journal. 810 (2): 158. arXiv:1508.01767. Bibcode:2015ApJ...810..158F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/810/2/158. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 89611607.
Mohanty, Subhanjoy; Jayawardhana, Ray; Huélamo, Nuria; Mamajek, Eric (March 2007). "The Planetary Mass Companion 2MASS 1207-3932B: Temperature, Mass, and Evidence for an Edge-on Disk". Astrophysical Journal. 657 (2): 1064–1091. arXiv:astro-ph/0610550. Bibcode:2007ApJ...657.1064M. doi:10.1086/510877. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 17326111.
Zhang, Zhoujian; Liu, Michael C.; Hermes, James J.; Magnier, Eugene A.; Marley, Mark S.; Tremblay, Pier-Emmanuel; Tucker, Michael A.; Do, Aaron; Payne, Anna V.; Shappee, Benjamin J. (February 2020). "COol Companions ON Ultrawide orbiTS (COCONUTS). I. A High-Gravity T4 Benchmark around an Old White Dwarf and A Re-Examination of the Surface-Gravity Dependence of the L/T Transition". The Astrophysical Journal. 891 (2): 171. arXiv:2002.05723. Bibcode:2020ApJ...891..171Z. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab765c. S2CID 211126544.
Smart, Richard L.; Bucciarelli, Beatrice; Jones, Hugh R. A.; Marocco, Federico; Andrei, Alexandre Humberto; Goldman, Bertrand; Méndez, René A.; d'Avila, Victor de A.; Burningham, Ben; Camargo, Julio Ignácio Bueno de; Crosta, Maria Teresa; Daprà, Mario; Jenkins, James S.; Lachaume, Regis; Lattanzi, Mario G.; Penna, Jucira L.; Pinfield, David J.; da Silva Neto, Dario Nepomuceno; Sozzetti, Alessandro; Vecchiato, Alberto (December 2018). "Parallaxes of Southern Extremely Cool objects III: 118 L and T dwarfs". MNRAS. 481 (3): 3548–3562. arXiv:1811.00672. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.481.3548S. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2520. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 119390019.
Burrows, Adam; Hubbard, William B.; Lunine, Jonathan I.; Liebert, James (2001). "The theory of brown dwarfs and extrasolar giant planets". Reviews of Modern Physics. 73 (3): 719–765. arXiv:astro-ph/0103383. Bibcode:2001RvMP...73..719B. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.73.719. S2CID 204927572.
Leggett, Sandy K.; Cushing, Michael C.; Saumon, Didier; Marley, Mark S.; Roellig, Thomas L.; Warren, Stephen J.; Burningham, Ben; Jones, Hugh R. A.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Lodieu, Nicolas; Lucas, Philip W.; Mainzer, Amy K.; Martín, Eduardo L.; McCaughrean, Mark J.; Pinfield, David J.; Sloan, Gregory C.; Smart, Richard L.; Tamura, Motohide; Van Cleve, Jeffrey (2009). "The Physical Properties of Four ~600 K T Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal. 695 (2): 1517–1526. arXiv:0901.4093. Bibcode:2009ApJ...695.1517L. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/695/2/1517. S2CID 44050900..
Delorme, Philippe; Delfosse, Xavier; Albert, Loïc; Artigau, Étienne; Forveille, Thierry; Reylé, Céline; Allard, France; Homeier, Derek; Robin, Annie C.; Willott, Chris J.; Liu, Michael C.; Dupuy, Trent J. (2008). "CFBDS J005910.90-011401.3: Reaching the T–Y brown dwarf transition?". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 482 (3): 961–971. arXiv:0802.4387. Bibcode:2008A&A...482..961D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20079317. S2CID 847552.
Burningham, Ben; Pinfield, David J.; Leggett, Sandy K.; Tamura, Motohide; Lucas, Philip W.; Homeier, Derek; Day-Jones, Avril; Jones, Hugh R. A.; Clarke, J. R. A.; Ishii, Miki; Kuzuhara, Masayuki; Lodieu, Nicolas; Zapatero-Osorio, María Rosa; Venemans, Bram Pieter; Mortlock, Daniel J.; Barrado y Navascués, David; Martín, Eduardo L.; Magazzù, Antonio (2008). "Exploring the substellar temperature regime down to ~550K". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 391 (1): 320–333. arXiv:0806.0067. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.391..320B. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13885.x. S2CID 1438322.
Beiler, Samuel A.; Cushing, Michael C.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Schneider, Adam C.; Mukherjee, Sagnick; Marley, Mark S. (2023-07-01). "The First JWST Spectral Energy Distribution of a Y Dwarf". The Astrophysical Journal. 951 (2): L48. arXiv:2306.11807. Bibcode:2023ApJ...951L..48B. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ace32c. ISSN 0004-637X.
Luhman, K. L.; Alves de Oliveira, C. (June 2025). "A New Spectral Class of Brown Dwarfs at the Bottom of the IMF in IC 348". The Astrophysical Journal. 986 (1): L14. arXiv:2506.08969. Bibcode:2025ApJ...986L..14L. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/addc55. ISSN 0004-637X.
Zahnle, Kevin J.; Marley, Mark S. (2014-12-01). "Methane, Carbon Monoxide, and Ammonia in Brown Dwarfs and Self-Luminous Giant Planets". The Astrophysical Journal. 797 (1): 41. arXiv:1408.6283. Bibcode:2014ApJ...797...41Z. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/797/1/41. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 118509317.
Bardalez Gagliuffi, Daniella C.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Schneider, Adam C.; Meisner, Aaron; Caselden, Dan; Colin, Guillaume; Goodman, Sam; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Kuchner, Marc; Gagné, Jonathan; Logsdon, Sarah E.; Burgasser, Adam J.; Allers, Katelyn; Debes, John; Wisniewski, John (2020-06-01). "WISEA J083011.95+283716.0: A Missing Link Planetary-mass Object". The Astrophysical Journal. 895 (2): 145. arXiv:2004.12829. Bibcode:2020ApJ...895..145B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab8d25. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 216553879.
Burningham, Ben; Smith, Leigh; Cardoso, Cátia V.; Lucas, Philip W.; Burgasser, Adam J.; Jones, Hugh R. A.; Smart, Richard L. (May 2014). "The discovery of a T6.5 subdwarf". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 440 (1): 359–364. arXiv:1401.5982. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.440..359B. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu184. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 119283917.
Cruz, Kelle L.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Burgasser, Adam J. (February 2009). "Young L Dwarfs Identified in the Field: A Preliminary Low-Gravity, Optical Spectral Sequence from L0 to L5". The Astronomical Journal. 137 (2): 3345–3357. arXiv:0812.0364. Bibcode:2009AJ....137.3345C. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/137/2/3345. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 15376964.
Looper, Dagny L.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Cutri, Roc M.; Barman, Travis; Burgasser, Adam J.; Cushing, Michael C.; Roellig, Thomas; McGovern, Mark R.; McLean, Ian S.; Rice, Emily; Swift, Brandon J. (October 2008). "Discovery of Two Nearby Peculiar L Dwarfs from the 2MASS Proper-Motion Survey: Young or Metal-Rich?". Astrophysical Journal. 686 (1): 528–541. arXiv:0806.1059. Bibcode:2008ApJ...686..528L. doi:10.1086/591025. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 18381182.
Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Looper, Dagny L.; Burgasser, Adam J.; Schurr, Steven D.; Cutri, Roc M.; Cushing, Michael C.; Cruz, Kelle L.; Sweet, Anne C.; Knapp, Gillian R.; Barman, Travis S.; Bochanski, John J. (September 2010). "Discoveries from a Near-infrared Proper Motion Survey Using Multi-epoch Two Micron All-Sky Survey Data". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 190 (1): 100–146. arXiv:1008.3591. Bibcode:2010ApJS..190..100K. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/190/1/100. ISSN 0067-0049. S2CID 118435904.
Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Riedel, Adric R.; Cruz, Kelle L.; Gagne, Jonathan; Filippazzo, Joseph C.; Lambrides, Erini; Fica, Haley; Weinberger, Alycia; Thorstensen, John R.; Tinney, Chris G.; Baldassare, Vivienne (July 2016). "Population Properties of Brown Dwarf Analogs to Exoplanets". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 225 (1): 10. arXiv:1605.07927. Bibcode:2016ApJS..225...10F. doi:10.3847/0067-0049/225/1/10. ISSN 0067-0049. S2CID 118446190.
Chen, Minghan; Li, Yiting; Brandt, Timothy D.; Dupuy, Trent J.; Cardoso, Cátia V.; McCaughrean, Mark J. (2022). "Precise Dynamical Masses of ε Indi Ba and Bb: Evidence of Slowed Cooling at the L/T Transition". The Astronomical Journal. 163 (6): 288. arXiv:2205.08077. Bibcode:2022AJ....163..288C. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac66d2. S2CID 248834536.
Route, Matthew; Wolszczan, Alexander (20 October 2016). "The Second Arecibo Search for 5 GHz Radio Flares from Ultracool Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal. 830 (2): 85. arXiv:1608.02480. Bibcode:2016ApJ...830...85R. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/830/2/85. S2CID 119279978.
Rutledge, Robert E.; Basri, Gibor; Martín, Eduardo L.; Bildsten, Lars (1 August 2000). "Chandra Detection of an X-Ray Flare from the Brown Dwarf LP 944-20". The Astrophysical Journal. 538 (2): L141 – L144. arXiv:astro-ph/0005559. Bibcode:2000ApJ...538L.141R. doi:10.1086/312817. S2CID 17800872.
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