Bushfires in Australia (English Wikipedia)

Ross, Monique; Quince, Annabelle (11 January 2020). "The history of fire in Australia — and how it can help us face the bushfires of the future". Rear Vision. ABC Radio National. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
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RMIT ABC Fact Check; Gordon, Josh (14 January 2020). "Some Coalition MPS say arson is mostly to blame for the bushfire crisis. Here are the facts". ABC News. Australia. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
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Maunder, Sarah (4 December 2019). "Bushfire season starts early with Gippsland residents urged to prepare after deadly 'practice run'". ABC News. Australia. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
Brown, Carmen (31 October 2013). "Central Australia set for 'average' fire season". ABC News. Australia. Retrieved 20 January 2020.
Birch, Laura; Lynch, Jacqueline; Ferguson, Holly (22 November 2019). "Rising from the ashes, Yarloop bounces back after devastating bushfires in 2016". ABC News. Australia. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
Morrison, Scott (9 January 2020). "Scott Morrison defends the Government's response to the bushfires" (Streaming video). 7.30 (Interview). Interviewed by Michael Rowland. ABC-TV. Retrieved 15 February 2020. ... there will be a time, I think, to ensure that we work with the states and territories to get the proper inquiry in place. It needs to be comprehensive, it needs to deal with contributing factors which is everything from hazard reduction to climate change through to the response issues, the national coordination matters and, of course, resilience and planning for the future.
"Real-time bushfire monitoring satellite system to be developed in Australia". ABC News. 11 August 2015.
Harradine, Natasha (28 September 2014). "Better bushfire information for regional communities". ABC News.

abs.gov.au

Cheney, N. P.; CSIRO Division of Forestry (1995). "BUSHFIRES – AN INTEGRAL PART OF AUSTRALIA'S ENVIRONMENT". The Year Book of Australia 1995. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
Cheney, N. P. (1 January 1995). "BUSHFIRES – AN INTEGRAL PART OF AUSTRALIA'S ENVIRONMENT". 1301.0 – Year Book Australia, 1995. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 14 January 2020. In 1974-75 [...] in this season fires burnt over 117 million hectares or 15 per cent of the total land area of this continent.

afac.com.au

"AFAC | Australian Fire Danger Rating System". www.afac.com.au. Retrieved 12 March 2023.
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aidr.org.au

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"New South Wales, December 1974 Bushfire – New South Wales". Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience. Government of Australia. Archived from the original on 13 January 2020. Retrieved 13 January 2020. During the summer between 1974 and 1975, Australia experienced its worst bushfire season in 30 years. Approximately 15 per cent of Australia's physical land mass sustained extensive fire damage. This equates to roughly around 117 million ha.
"New South Wales, December 1974 Bushfire - New South Wales". Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience. Government of Australia. Archived from the original on 13 January 2020. Retrieved 13 January 2020. Approximately 15 per cent of Australia's physical land mass sustained extensive fire damage. This equates to roughly around 117 million ha.
"Canberra 2003". Australian Disaster Resilience Knowledge Hub. Retrieved 3 November 2019.

airqualitynews.com

"Smoke from Australian bushfires was more deadly than the fires themselves". airqualitynews.com. 25 March 2020. Retrieved 25 November 2021.

aph.gov.au

Senate Select Committee on Agricultural and Related Industries (13 August 2010). Chapter 2 – Previous bushfire inquiries. Parliament of Australia. ISBN 978-1-74229-349-3. Retrieved 15 February 2020. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

archive.today

Cole, Brendan (7 January 2020). "WHAT CAUSED THE WILDFIRES IN AUSTRALIA? AMID WORST BLAZES FOR A DECADE, 24 PEOPLE ARE CHARGED WITH ARSON". Newsweek. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 14 February 2020. In 1974, 117 million hectares of land was burnt in wildfires in central Australia.
"EMA Disasters Database". Emergency management Australia. Archived from the original on 18 November 2010. Retrieved 30 October 2010.

australiangeographic.com.au

Williams, Liz T. (3 November 2011). "The worst bushfires in Australia's history". Australian Geographic. Retrieved 12 February 2020.

bbc.com

"Australia bushfires: Which animals typically fare best and worst?". BBC News. 22 November 2019. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
Mao, Frances (24 December 2019). "Australia fires: The thousands of volunteers fighting the flames". BBC News. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
McDonald, Tim (20 December 2019). "Australia fires: The huge economic cost of Australia's bushfires". BBC News. United Kingdom. Retrieved 15 February 2020.

bloomberg.com

Heath, Michael (9 January 2020). "Australian Economy Struck by Wildfires, Setting Up Stimulus". Bloomberg Green. Retrieved 13 February 2020.

bnhcrc.com.au

Eburn, Michael; Hudson, David; Chal, Ignatious; Dovers, Stephen (2 September 2014). Learning from Adversity: What has 75 years of bushfire inquiries (1939–2013) taught us?, Report no 2015.019 (requires download). Research Forum at the Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC & AFAC conference. Australian National University. Wellington, New Zealand: Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC. p. 4. Retrieved 15 February 2020. The fact that catastrophic events continue to recur is evidence either that the community is failing to learn the lessons from the past, or the inquiries fail to identify the true learning – that catastrophic events may be inevitable, or that Royal Commissions are not the most effective way to identify relevant lessons from past events.

bom.gov.au

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bushfirefront.org.au

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canberratimes.com.au

"H.G Wells and the big chill in Canberra's 1939 heatwave". The Sydney Morning Herald. 20 January 2014.
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cfa.vic.gov.au

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cfs.sa.gov.au

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christiantoday.co.nz

Tronson, Mark. "Bushfires – across the nation". Christian Today. Retrieved 5 January 2020.

climatecouncil.org.au

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climateinstitute.org.au

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creativecommons.org

"Black Friday 1939". Forest Fire Management Victoria. © State of Victoria (Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning). 27 February 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2020. Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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doi.org

Wilson, Nicholas; Cary, Geoffrey J.; Gibbons, Philip (15 June 2018). "Relationships between mature trees and fire fuel hazard in Australian forest". International Journal of Wildland Fire. 27 (5): 353–362. doi:10.1071/WF17112. hdl:1885/160659.
Head, Lesley; Atchison, Jennifer (2015). "Governing invasive plants: Policy and practice in managing the Gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus) – Bushfire nexus in northern Australia". Land Use Policy. 47 (47): 225–234. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.04.009.
van der Velde, Ivar R.; van der Werf, Guido R.; Houweling, Sander; Maasakkers, Joannes D.; Borsdorff, Tobias; Landgraf, Jochen; Tol, Paul; van Kempen, Tim A.; van Hees, Richard; Hoogeveen, Ruud; Veefkind, J. Pepijn (September 2021). "Vast CO2 release from Australian fires in 2019–2020 constrained by satellite". Nature. 597 (7876): 366–369. Bibcode:2021Natur.597..366V. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03712-y. hdl:1871.1/c4f7bd8b-1e9b-49bb-9604-ba873e5a4d52. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 34526704. S2CID 237536364.
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O'Donnell, M H; Behie, A M (15 November 2015). "Effects of wildfire disaster exposure on male birth weight in an Australian population". Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health. 2015 (1): 344–354. doi:10.1093/emph/eov027. ISSN 2050-6201. PMC 4697771. PMID 26574560.
Sim, M. (April 2002). "Bushfires: are we doing enough to reduce the human impact?". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 59 (4): 215–216. doi:10.1136/oem.59.4.215. PMC 1740264. PMID 11934947.

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dpac.tas.gov.au

2013 Tasmanian Bushfires Inquiry: Volume 1 (PDF) (Report). ISBN 978-0-9923581-0-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 8 March 2019.

driverknowledgetests.com

"Driving in a bushfire". 13 February 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2017.

ecobooks.com

Flannery, Tim (2002). The Future Eaters: An Ecological History of the Australasian Lands and People. Grove Press.

ema.gov.au

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ffm.vic.gov.au

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Wilson, Nicholas; Cary, Geoffrey J.; Gibbons, Philip (15 June 2018). "Relationships between mature trees and fire fuel hazard in Australian forest". International Journal of Wildland Fire. 27 (5): 353–362. doi:10.1071/WF17112. hdl:1885/160659.
van der Velde, Ivar R.; van der Werf, Guido R.; Houweling, Sander; Maasakkers, Joannes D.; Borsdorff, Tobias; Landgraf, Jochen; Tol, Paul; van Kempen, Tim A.; van Hees, Richard; Hoogeveen, Ruud; Veefkind, J. Pepijn (September 2021). "Vast CO2 release from Australian fires in 2019–2020 constrained by satellite". Nature. 597 (7876): 366–369. Bibcode:2021Natur.597..366V. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03712-y. hdl:1871.1/c4f7bd8b-1e9b-49bb-9604-ba873e5a4d52. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 34526704. S2CID 237536364.

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van der Velde, Ivar R.; van der Werf, Guido R.; Houweling, Sander; Maasakkers, Joannes D.; Borsdorff, Tobias; Landgraf, Jochen; Tol, Paul; van Kempen, Tim A.; van Hees, Richard; Hoogeveen, Ruud; Veefkind, J. Pepijn (September 2021). "Vast CO2 release from Australian fires in 2019–2020 constrained by satellite". Nature. 597 (7876): 366–369. Bibcode:2021Natur.597..366V. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03712-y. hdl:1871.1/c4f7bd8b-1e9b-49bb-9604-ba873e5a4d52. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 34526704. S2CID 237536364.

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van der Velde, Ivar R.; van der Werf, Guido R.; Houweling, Sander; Maasakkers, Joannes D.; Borsdorff, Tobias; Landgraf, Jochen; Tol, Paul; van Kempen, Tim A.; van Hees, Richard; Hoogeveen, Ruud; Veefkind, J. Pepijn (September 2021). "Vast CO2 release from Australian fires in 2019–2020 constrained by satellite". Nature. 597 (7876): 366–369. Bibcode:2021Natur.597..366V. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03712-y. hdl:1871.1/c4f7bd8b-1e9b-49bb-9604-ba873e5a4d52. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 34526704. S2CID 237536364.

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van der Velde, Ivar R.; van der Werf, Guido R.; Houweling, Sander; Maasakkers, Joannes D.; Borsdorff, Tobias; Landgraf, Jochen; Tol, Paul; van Kempen, Tim A.; van Hees, Richard; Hoogeveen, Ruud; Veefkind, J. Pepijn (September 2021). "Vast CO2 release from Australian fires in 2019–2020 constrained by satellite". Nature. 597 (7876): 366–369. Bibcode:2021Natur.597..366V. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03712-y. hdl:1871.1/c4f7bd8b-1e9b-49bb-9604-ba873e5a4d52. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 34526704. S2CID 237536364.
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O'Donnell, M H; Behie, A M (15 November 2015). "Effects of wildfire disaster exposure on male birth weight in an Australian population". Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health. 2015 (1): 344–354. doi:10.1093/emph/eov027. ISSN 2050-6201. PMC 4697771. PMID 26574560.
Sim, M. (April 2002). "Bushfires: are we doing enough to reduce the human impact?". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 59 (4): 215–216. doi:10.1136/oem.59.4.215. PMC 1740264. PMID 11934947.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

O'Donnell, M H; Behie, A M (15 November 2015). "Effects of wildfire disaster exposure on male birth weight in an Australian population". Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health. 2015 (1): 344–354. doi:10.1093/emph/eov027. ISSN 2050-6201. PMC 4697771. PMID 26574560.
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van der Velde, Ivar R.; van der Werf, Guido R.; Houweling, Sander; Maasakkers, Joannes D.; Borsdorff, Tobias; Landgraf, Jochen; Tol, Paul; van Kempen, Tim A.; van Hees, Richard; Hoogeveen, Ruud; Veefkind, J. Pepijn (September 2021). "Vast CO2 release from Australian fires in 2019–2020 constrained by satellite". Nature. 597 (7876): 366–369. Bibcode:2021Natur.597..366V. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03712-y. hdl:1871.1/c4f7bd8b-1e9b-49bb-9604-ba873e5a4d52. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 34526704. S2CID 237536364.
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"New South Wales, December 1974 Bushfire – New South Wales". Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience. Government of Australia. Archived from the original on 13 January 2020. Retrieved 13 January 2020. During the summer between 1974 and 1975, Australia experienced its worst bushfire season in 30 years. Approximately 15 per cent of Australia's physical land mass sustained extensive fire damage. This equates to roughly around 117 million ha.
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van der Velde, Ivar R.; van der Werf, Guido R.; Houweling, Sander; Maasakkers, Joannes D.; Borsdorff, Tobias; Landgraf, Jochen; Tol, Paul; van Kempen, Tim A.; van Hees, Richard; Hoogeveen, Ruud; Veefkind, J. Pepijn (September 2021). "Vast CO2 release from Australian fires in 2019–2020 constrained by satellite". Nature. 597 (7876): 366–369. Bibcode:2021Natur.597..366V. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03712-y. hdl:1871.1/c4f7bd8b-1e9b-49bb-9604-ba873e5a4d52. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 34526704. S2CID 237536364.
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