Christina Tsagkani (2005) "Inter-Organisational Collaboration on the Process Layer". Proceedings of the IFIP/ACM SIGAPP INTEROP-ESA conference, February 23–25, Geneva, Switzerland, Springer Science publisher. Tsagkani states:
Business process interoperability is characterised as the ability of business activities of one party to interact with those of another party, whether or not these business activities belong to different units of the same business or to different businesses.
