CD player (English Wikipedia)

"A Long Play Digital Audio Disc System". AES. March 1979. Retrieved 14 February 2009.
Immink, Kees A.; Braat, Joseph J. (August 1984). "Experiments Toward an Erasable Compact Disc". Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 32 (7/8): 531–538. Retrieved 26 October 2014.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Origins and Successors of the Compact Disc. Philips Research. Vol. 11. Springer. 2009. pp. 14, 141. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9553-5. ISBN 978-1-4020-9552-8.
Knopper, Steve (7 January 2009). Appetite for Self-Destruction: The Rise and Fall of the Record Industry in the Digital Age. Free Press/Simon & Schuster. ISBN 9781416552154.
Fries, Bruce; Fries, Marty (2005). Digital Audio Essentials. O'Reilly Media Inc. pp. 112–113. ISBN 9780596008567.

audioscope.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Pioneer Stable Platter Mechanism".

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; English: 10^th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

"How the CD Was Developed". BBC News. 17 August 2007. Retrieved 17 August 2007.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Shimizu, H. (2019). General Purpose Technology, Spin-Out, and Innovation: Technological Development of Laser Diodes in the United States and Japan. Springer. pp. 138–139. ISBN 9789811337147.
McClure, Steve (8 January 2000). "Heitaro Nakajima". Billboard. p. 68. Retrieved 4 November 2014.

cedmagic.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"CDP-101 The first Compact Disc Audio CD Player from 1982". 2007. Retrieved 2007-02-05.^{[permanent dead link]}

cnet.com (Global: 447^th place; English: 345^th place)

"NEC MultiSpin 6X CDR-1350A - CD-ROM drive - IDE - internal Specs - CNET". Archived from the original on 2021-07-19. Retrieved 2021-07-19.

computinghistory.org.uk (Global: low place; English: 8,003^rd place)

"Nakamichi MBR-7 7 Disc CD-Rom Changer - Peripheral - Computing History". Computing History.

denon.jp (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Denon Museum - Model History - 1993 - DP-S1 (in Japanese)". 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-02-04. Retrieved 2007-02-05.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Origins and Successors of the Compact Disc. Philips Research. Vol. 11. Springer. 2009. pp. 14, 141. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9553-5. ISBN 978-1-4020-9552-8.
Peek, Hans B. (January 2010). "The Emergence of the Compact Disc". IEEE Communications Magazine. 48 (1): 10–17. doi:10.1109/MCOM.2010.5394021. ISSN 0163-6804. S2CID 21402165.

forbes.com (Global: 71^st place; English: 54^th place)

Rosenblatt, B. (n.d.). The Short, Unhappy Life Of Music Downloads. [online] Forbes. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/billrosenblatt/2018/05/07/the-short-unhappy-life-of-music-downloads/.

foxnews.com (Global: 262^nd place; English: 171^st place)

"Sony chairman credited with developing CDs dies", Fox News, 24 April 2011, retrieved 14 October 2012

geekzone.co.nz (Global: low place; English: low place)

"And 25 Years Ago Philips Introduced the CD". GeekZone. Retrieved 11 January 2008.

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64^th place; English: 28^th place)

Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Introducing the amazing Compact Disc (1982). Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 10 June 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2016 – via YouTube.

globalnews.ca (Global: 1,016^th place; English: 518^th place)

Cross, Alan (19 March 2023). "How much longer will we be able to buy digital downloads of songs?". Global News. Retrieved 11 May 2026.

indiemusicstop.wordpress.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"CD Baby Payouts Surge". Indiemusicstop.wordpress.com. 30 March 2009. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 1 December 2009.

infoseek.co.jp (Global: 8,346^th place; English: low place)

k-nisi.hp.infoseek.co.jp

"Luxman D-500X (in Japanese)". 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-07-17. Retrieved 2007-02-05.

laweekly.com (Global: 1,453^rd place; English: 778^th place)

Why CDs may actually sound better than vinyl, Chris Kornelis, 27 January 2015

marantzphilips.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

Philips CD100 Player - Marantz-Philips Nederlands website

meridian-audio.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Meridian CD History". 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-02-04. Retrieved 2007-02-05.

mit.edu (Global: 476^th place; English: 340^th place)

web.mit.edu

"Inventor of the Week - James T. Russell - The Compact Disc". MIT. December 1999. Archived from the original on 17 April 2003.

niji.or.jp (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Pioneer Stable Platter Mechanism" (in Japanese).

npr.org (Global: 114^th place; English: 75^th place)

Kelly, Frannie (22 April 2009). "A Eulogy For The Boombox". NPR.org. Retrieved November 16, 2011.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Williams, Stephen (4 February 2011). "For Car Cassette Decks, Play Time Is Over". New York Times. Retrieved 18 July 2012.
Sisaro, Ben (11 June 2015). "Music Streaming Service Aims at Japan, Where CD Is Still King". New York Times.

panasonic.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Panasonic History - Innovative Products - 1982 - CD Player". 2007. Archived from the original on 2008-10-06. Retrieved 2007-02-05.

patents.google.com (Global: 1,154^th place; English: 606^th place)

U.S. patent 3,501,586 Analog to digital to optical photographic recording and playback system, March 1970.
U.S. patent 3,795,902 Method and apparatus for synchronizing photographic records of digital information, March 1974.

philips.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

research.philips.com

"The History of the CD". Philips Research. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
"The Inventor of the CD". Philips Research. Retrieved 16 January 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
"Optical Recording" (Press release). Royal Philips Electronics.
The history of the CD - The introduction, Philips Research.

newscenter.philips.com

Philips celebrates 25th anniversary of the Compact Disc, Philips Media Release, 16 August 2007. Retrieved 6 October 2013.

philipsmuseumeindhoven.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Philips Compact Disc". Philips. Archived from the original on 19 March 2009. Retrieved 14 February 2009.

playlistresearch.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Art and History of DJ Mixing by Alex Cosper". www.playlistresearch.com. Retrieved 21 January 2018.

reed.edu (Global: low place; English: 7,280^th place)

"Inventor and physicist James Russell '53 will receive Vollum Award at Reed's convocation" (Press release). Reed College public affairs office. 2000. Archived from the original on 9 October 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2014.

researchgate.net (Global: 96^th place; English: 89^th place)

K.A. Schouhamer Immink (2018). "How we made the compact disc". Nature Electronics. 1. Retrieved 2018-04-16. An international collaboration between Philips and the Sony Corporation lead to the creation of the compact disc. The author explains how it came about

seattletimes.com (Global: 449^th place; English: 222^nd place)

Brier Dudley (29 November 2004). "Scientist's invention was let go for a song". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 24 July 2014.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Peek, Hans B. (January 2010). "The Emergence of the Compact Disc". IEEE Communications Magazine. 48 (1): 10–17. doi:10.1109/MCOM.2010.5394021. ISSN 0163-6804. S2CID 21402165.

siber-sonic.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Swing-arm mechanism description". Siber-sonic.com. Retrieved 2012-05-06.

softpedia.com (Global: 4,174^th place; English: 3,327^th place)

gadgets.softpedia.com

Lungu, R. (2008-11-27), History of the Portable Audio Player, archived from the original on May 2, 2012

sony.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Sony Global - Product & Technology Milestones-Home Audio". www.sony.net. Retrieved 21 January 2018.
"Sony History: A Great Invention 100 Years On". Sony. Archived from the original on 2 August 2008. Retrieved 28 February 2012.
"Sony History". 2007. Archived from the original on 2006-11-30. Retrieved 2007-02-05.
"Sony Celebrates Walkman 20th Anniversary". Sony Press Release. Retrieved 2009-05-04.

spin.com (Global: 758^th place; English: 415^th place)

Rasen, Edward (May 1985). "Compact Discs: Sound of the Future". Spin. Retrieved 9 January 2016.

thetechylife.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Elmore, J. (2024). The Revival of a Bygone Era: Are MP3 Players Still Manufactured? [online] TheTechyLife. Available at: https://thetechylife.com/are-mp3-players-still-manufactured/ [Accessed 23 Jan. 2025].

thevintageknob.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Luxman DX-104 CD Player". 2007. Retrieved 2007-02-17.

tokyotimes.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Buying CDs continues to be a tradition in Japan - Tokyo Times". 23 August 2013. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 21 January 2018.

toxigon.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Rise and Fall of Music Downloads: A Retrospective".

turing-machines.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Kees A. Schouhamer Immink (2007). "Shannon, Beethoven, and the Compact Disc". IEEE Information Theory Newsletter: 42–46.

ubergizmo.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Go Video brings LCD to boombox". Ubergizmo.com. 2007-08-15. Retrieved 2010-06-22.

uni-essen.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

exp-math.uni-essen.de

Kees A. Schouhamer Immink (1998). "The CD Story". Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 46: 458–465. Archived from the original on 4 November 2014. Retrieved 21 December 2014.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Inventor and physicist James Russell '53 will receive Vollum Award at Reed's convocation" (Press release). Reed College public affairs office. 2000. Archived from the original on 9 October 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2014.
"Inventor of the Week - James T. Russell - The Compact Disc". MIT. December 1999. Archived from the original on 17 April 2003.
Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Introducing the amazing Compact Disc (1982). Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 10 June 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2016 – via YouTube.
Kees A. Schouhamer Immink (1998). "The CD Story". Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 46: 458–465. Archived from the original on 4 November 2014. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
"Philips Compact Disc". Philips. Archived from the original on 19 March 2009. Retrieved 14 February 2009.
"Sony History: A Great Invention 100 Years On". Sony. Archived from the original on 2 August 2008. Retrieved 28 February 2012.
"CD Baby Payouts Surge". Indiemusicstop.wordpress.com. 30 March 2009. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 1 December 2009.
"Buying CDs continues to be a tradition in Japan - Tokyo Times". 23 August 2013. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 21 January 2018.
"NEC MultiSpin 6X CDR-1350A - CD-ROM drive - IDE - internal Specs - CNET". Archived from the original on 2021-07-19. Retrieved 2021-07-19.
"Sony History". 2007. Archived from the original on 2006-11-30. Retrieved 2007-02-05.
"Panasonic History - Innovative Products - 1982 - CD Player". 2007. Archived from the original on 2008-10-06. Retrieved 2007-02-05.
"Meridian CD History". 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-02-04. Retrieved 2007-02-05.
"Luxman D-500X (in Japanese)". 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-07-17. Retrieved 2007-02-05.
"Denon Museum - Model History - 1993 - DP-S1 (in Japanese)". 2007. Archived from the original on 2007-02-04. Retrieved 2007-02-05.
Lungu, R. (2008-11-27), History of the Portable Audio Player, archived from the original on May 2, 2012

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Peek, Hans B. (January 2010). "The Emergence of the Compact Disc". IEEE Communications Magazine. 48 (1): 10–17. doi:10.1109/MCOM.2010.5394021. ISSN 0163-6804. S2CID 21402165.

wsj.com (Global: 94^th place; English: 66^th place)

Smith, Ethan (2 January 2009). "Music Sales Decline for Seventh Time in Eight Years: Digital Downloads Can't Offset 20% Plunge in CD Sales". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 4 March 2009.

youtube.com (Global: 13^th place; English: 14^th place)

Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Introducing the amazing Compact Disc (1982). Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 10 June 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2016 – via YouTube.

CD player (English Wikipedia)

aes.org (Global: low place; English: 7,811th place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

audioscope.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11th place; English: 10th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

cedmagic.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

cnet.com (Global: 447th place; English: 345th place)

computinghistory.org.uk (Global: low place; English: 8,003rd place)

denon.jp (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

forbes.com (Global: 71st place; English: 54th place)

foxnews.com (Global: 262nd place; English: 171st place)

geekzone.co.nz (Global: low place; English: low place)

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64th place; English: 28th place)

globalnews.ca (Global: 1,016th place; English: 518th place)

indiemusicstop.wordpress.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

infoseek.co.jp (Global: 8,346th place; English: low place)

k-nisi.hp.infoseek.co.jp

laweekly.com (Global: 1,453rd place; English: 778th place)

marantzphilips.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

meridian-audio.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

mit.edu (Global: 476th place; English: 340th place)

web.mit.edu

niji.or.jp (Global: low place; English: low place)

npr.org (Global: 114th place; English: 75th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7th place; English: 7th place)

panasonic.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

patents.google.com (Global: 1,154th place; English: 606th place)

philips.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

research.philips.com

newscenter.philips.com

philipsmuseumeindhoven.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

playlistresearch.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

reed.edu (Global: low place; English: 7,280th place)

researchgate.net (Global: 96th place; English: 89th place)

seattletimes.com (Global: 449th place; English: 222nd place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15th place; English: 8th place)

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siber-sonic.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

softpedia.com (Global: 4,174th place; English: 3,327th place)

gadgets.softpedia.com

sony.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

spin.com (Global: 758th place; English: 415th place)

thetechylife.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

thevintageknob.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

tokyotimes.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

toxigon.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

turing-machines.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

ubergizmo.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

uni-essen.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

exp-math.uni-essen.de

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worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

wsj.com (Global: 94th place; English: 66th place)

youtube.com (Global: 13th place; English: 14th place)

aes.org (Global: low place; English: 7,811^th place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; English: 10^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

cnet.com (Global: 447^th place; English: 345^th place)

computinghistory.org.uk (Global: low place; English: 8,003^rd place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

forbes.com (Global: 71^st place; English: 54^th place)

foxnews.com (Global: 262^nd place; English: 171^st place)

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64^th place; English: 28^th place)

globalnews.ca (Global: 1,016^th place; English: 518^th place)

infoseek.co.jp (Global: 8,346^th place; English: low place)

laweekly.com (Global: 1,453^rd place; English: 778^th place)

mit.edu (Global: 476^th place; English: 340^th place)

npr.org (Global: 114^th place; English: 75^th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

patents.google.com (Global: 1,154^th place; English: 606^th place)

reed.edu (Global: low place; English: 7,280^th place)

researchgate.net (Global: 96^th place; English: 89^th place)

seattletimes.com (Global: 449^th place; English: 222^nd place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

softpedia.com (Global: 4,174^th place; English: 3,327^th place)

spin.com (Global: 758^th place; English: 415^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

wsj.com (Global: 94^th place; English: 66^th place)

youtube.com (Global: 13^th place; English: 14^th place)