C (programming language) (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "C (programming language)" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

35web.archive.org

1^st place

6open-std.org

4,221^st place

2,842^nd place

5doi.org

2^nd place

4worldcat.org

5^th place

3books.google.com

3^rd place

3bell-labs.com

5,739^th place

4,857^th place

2toptal.com

low place

2tiobe.com

low place

2semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

2stroustrup.com

low place

6,254^th place

2stanford.edu

179^th place

183^rd place

2wired.com

193^rd place

152^nd place

1anu.edu.au

942^nd place

597^th place

1ichacha.net

low place

1developer.com

low place

1langpop.com

low place

1archive.org

6^th place

1liu.se

9,195^th place

7,457^th place

1arstechnica.com

388^th place

265^th place

1psu.edu

207^th place

136^th place

1dartmouth.edu

2,242^nd place

1,513^th place

1lemoda.net

low place

1freebsd.org

5,469^th place

3,758^th place

1man.ac.uk

low place

1iso.org

629^th place

610^th place

1drdobbs.com

7,788^th place

5,521^st place

1ucr.edu

1,553^rd place

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1fedoraproject.org

low place

8,208^th place

1unix.com

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1doomwiki.org

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1iitk.ac.in

6,454^th place

4,437^th place

1python.org

2,232^nd place

1,903^rd place

1opensource.com

low place

9,360^th place

1ruby-lang.org

low place

1freecodecamp.org

low place

1linuxjournal.com

8,246^th place

5,418^th place

1medium.com

551^st place

406^th place

1memorysafety.org

low place

1microsoft.com

153^rd place

151^st place

1gnu.org

1,475^th place

1,188^th place

1intel.com

1,118^th place

825^th place

1apenwarr.ca

low place

1uni-stuttgart.de

7,949^th place

7,411^th place

anu.edu.au

cs.anu.edu.au

"Verilog HDL (and C)" (PDF). The Research School of Computer Science at the Australian National University. June 3, 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 6, 2013. Retrieved August 19, 2013. 1980s: Verilog first introduced; Verilog inspired by the C programming language

apenwarr.ca

"In praise of the C preprocessor". apenwarr. August 13, 2007. Retrieved July 9, 2023.

archive.org

Ward, Terry A. (August 1983). "Annotated C / A Bibliography of the C Language". Byte. p. 268. Retrieved January 31, 2015.

arstechnica.com

Jensen, Richard (December 9, 2020). ""A damn stupid thing to do"—the origins of C". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on March 28, 2022. Retrieved March 28, 2022.

bell-labs.com

Ritchie (1993): "Thompson had made a brief attempt to produce a system coded in an early version of C—before structures—in 1972, but gave up the effort." Ritchie, Dennis M. (March 1993). "The Development of the C Language". ACM SIGPLAN Notices. 28 (3). ACM: 201–208. doi:10.1145/155360.155580.
- Ritchie (1993): "The scheme of type composition adopted by C owes considerable debt to Algol 68, although it did not, perhaps, emerge in a form that Algol's adherents would approve of." Ritchie, Dennis M. (March 1993). "The Development of the C Language". ACM SIGPLAN Notices. 28 (3). ACM: 201–208. doi:10.1145/155360.155580.
  - Ritchie (1993) Ritchie, Dennis M. (March 1993). "The Development of the C Language". ACM SIGPLAN Notices. 28 (3). ACM: 201–208. doi:10.1145/155360.155580.

books.google.com

Prinz, Peter; Crawford, Tony (December 16, 2005). C in a Nutshell. O'Reilly Media, Inc. p. 3. ISBN 9780596550714.
Schultz, Thomas (2004). C and the 8051 (3rd ed.). Otsego, MI: PageFree Publishing Inc. p. 20. ISBN 978-1-58961-237-2. Retrieved February 10, 2012.
Raymond, Eric S. (October 11, 1996). The New Hacker's Dictionary (3rd ed.). MIT Press. p. 432. ISBN 978-0-262-68092-9. Retrieved August 5, 2012.

dartmouth.edu

cs.dartmouth.edu

McIlroy, M. D. (1987). A Research Unix reader: annotated excerpts from the Programmer's Manual, 1971–1986 (PDF) (Technical report). CSTR. Bell Labs. p. 10. 139. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 11, 2017. Retrieved February 1, 2015.

developer.com

"C Language Drops to Lowest Popularity Rating". Developer.com. August 9, 2016. Archived from the original on August 22, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2022.

doi.org

Ritchie (1993): "Thompson had made a brief attempt to produce a system coded in an early version of C—before structures—in 1972, but gave up the effort." Ritchie, Dennis M. (March 1993). "The Development of the C Language". ACM SIGPLAN Notices. 28 (3). ACM: 201–208. doi:10.1145/155360.155580.
- Ritchie (1993): "The scheme of type composition adopted by C owes considerable debt to Algol 68, although it did not, perhaps, emerge in a form that Algol's adherents would approve of." Ritchie, Dennis M. (March 1993). "The Development of the C Language". ACM SIGPLAN Notices. 28 (3). ACM: 201–208. doi:10.1145/155360.155580.
  - Ritchie (1993) Ritchie, Dennis M. (March 1993). "The Development of the C Language". ACM SIGPLAN Notices. 28 (3). ACM: 201–208. doi:10.1145/155360.155580.
    - Johnson, S. C.; Ritchie, D. M. (1978). "Portability of C Programs and the UNIX System". Bell System Tech. J. 57 (6): 2021–2048. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.138.35. doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1978.tb02141.x. ISSN 0005-8580. S2CID 17510065. (Note: The PDF is an OCR scan of the original, and contains a rendering of "IBM 370" as "IBM 310".)
    - Feuer, Alan R.; Gehani, Narain H. (March 1982). "Comparison of the Programming Languages C and Pascal". ACM Computing Surveys. 14 (1): 73–92. doi:10.1145/356869.356872. S2CID 3136859.

doomwiki.org

"Development of Doom". DoomWiki.org. March 2, 2025. Retrieved March 2, 2025.

drdobbs.com

Andrew Binstock (October 12, 2011). "Interview with Herb Sutter". Dr. Dobbs. Archived from the original on August 2, 2013. Retrieved September 7, 2013.

fedoraproject.org

For example, gcc provides _FORTIFY_SOURCE. "Security Features: Compile Time Buffer Checks (FORTIFY_SOURCE)". fedoraproject.org. Archived from the original on January 7, 2007. Retrieved August 5, 2012.

freebsd.org

"C manual pages". FreeBSD Miscellaneous Information Manual (FreeBSD 13.0 ed.). May 30, 2011. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021. [1] Archived January 21, 2021, at the Wayback Machine

freecodecamp.org

Para, Michael (August 3, 2022). "What is PHP? How to Write Your First PHP Program". freeCodeCamp. Archived from the original on August 4, 2022. Retrieved October 11, 2022.

gnu.org

gcc.gnu.org

"Pragmas (The C Preprocessor)". GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection. Archived from the original on June 17, 2002. Retrieved September 24, 2022.

ichacha.net

eng.ichacha.net

"The name is based on, and pronounced like the letter C in the English alphabet". the c programming language sound. English Chinese Dictionary. Archived from the original on November 17, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.

iitk.ac.in

ict.iitk.ac.in

"C – the mother of all languages". ICT Academy at IITK. November 13, 2018. Archived from the original on May 31, 2021. Retrieved October 11, 2022.

intel.com

"Pragmas". Intel C++ Compiler Classic Developer Guide and Reference. Intel. Archived from the original on April 10, 2022. Retrieved April 10, 2022.

iso.org

C Integrity. International Organization for Standardization. March 30, 1995. Archived from the original on July 25, 2018. Retrieved July 24, 2018.

langpop.com

"Programming Language Popularity". 2009. Archived from the original on January 16, 2009. Retrieved January 16, 2009.

lemoda.net

nxmnpg.lemoda.net

"C manual pages". FreeBSD Miscellaneous Information Manual (FreeBSD 13.0 ed.). May 30, 2011. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021. [1] Archived January 21, 2021, at the Wayback Machine

linuxjournal.com

"Using C for CGI Programming". linuxjournal.com. March 1, 2005. Archived from the original on February 13, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2010.

liu.se

lysator.liu.se

Ritchie, Dennis. "BCPL to B to C". lysator.liu.se. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved September 10, 2019.

man.ac.uk

cs.man.ac.uk

"Rationale for American National Standard for Information Systems – Programming Language – C". Archived from the original on July 17, 2024. Retrieved July 17, 2024.

medium.com

Perkins, Luc (September 17, 2013). "Web development in C: crazy? Or crazy like a fox?". Medium. Archived from the original on October 4, 2014. Retrieved April 8, 2022.

memorysafety.org

Group, Internet Security Research. "What is memory safety and why does it matter?". Prossimo. Retrieved March 3, 2025. {{cite web}}: |last1= has generic name (help)

microsoft.com

learn.microsoft.com

corob-msft (March 31, 2022). "Pragma directives and the __pragma and _Pragma keywords". Microsoft Learn. Archived from the original on September 24, 2022. Retrieved September 24, 2022.

open-std.org

"N3221 – Editor's Report, Post January 2024 Strasbourg France Meeting". ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22/WG14. Open Standards. February 21, 2024. Retrieved May 24, 2024.
"JTC1/SC22/WG14 – C". Home page. ISO/IEC. Archived from the original on February 12, 2018. Retrieved June 2, 2011.
"WG14-N3132 : Revised C23 Schedule" (PDF). open-std.org. June 4, 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 9, 2023.
"WG14-N3220 : Working Draft, C2y" (PDF). open-std.org. February 21, 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 26, 2024.
"TR 18037: Embedded C" (PDF). open-std.org. April 4, 2006. ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG14 N1169. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved July 26, 2011.
"ISO/IEC 9899:201x (ISO C11) Committee Draft" (PDF). open-std.org. December 2, 2010. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 22, 2017. Retrieved September 16, 2011.

opensource.com

Conrad, Michael (January 22, 2018). "An overview of the Perl 5 engine". Opensource.com. Archived from the original on May 26, 2022. Retrieved October 11, 2022.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Johnson, S. C.; Ritchie, D. M. (1978). "Portability of C Programs and the UNIX System". Bell System Tech. J. 57 (6): 2021–2048. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.138.35. doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1978.tb02141.x. ISSN 0005-8580. S2CID 17510065. (Note: The PDF is an OCR scan of the original, and contains a rendering of "IBM 370" as "IBM 310".)

python.org

docs.python.org

"1. Extending Python with C or C++". Python 3.10.7 documentation. Archived from the original on November 5, 2012. Retrieved October 11, 2022.

ruby-lang.org

"To Ruby From C and C++". Ruby Programming Language. Archived from the original on August 12, 2013. Retrieved October 11, 2022.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Johnson, S. C.; Ritchie, D. M. (1978). "Portability of C Programs and the UNIX System". Bell System Tech. J. 57 (6): 2021–2048. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.138.35. doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1978.tb02141.x. ISSN 0005-8580. S2CID 17510065. (Note: The PDF is an OCR scan of the original, and contains a rendering of "IBM 370" as "IBM 310".)
Feuer, Alan R.; Gehani, Narain H. (March 1982). "Comparison of the Programming Languages C and Pascal". ACM Computing Surveys. 14 (1): 73–92. doi:10.1145/356869.356872. S2CID 3136859.

stanford.edu

web.stanford.edu

"CS107 Valgrind Memcheck". web.stanford.edu. Retrieved June 23, 2023.
Hastings, Reed; Joyce, Bob. "Purify: Fast Detection of Memory Leaks and Access Errors" (PDF). Pure Software Inc.: 9.

stroustrup.com

Stroustrup, Bjarne (2002). Sibling rivalry: C and C++ (PDF) (Report). AT&T Labs. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 24, 2014. Retrieved April 14, 2014.
Stroustrup, Bjarne (1993). "A History of C++: 1979–1991" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 2, 2019. Retrieved June 9, 2011.

tiobe.com

"TIOBE Programming Community Index". 2009. Archived from the original on May 4, 2009. Retrieved May 6, 2009.
"TIOBE Index for September 2024". Archived from the original on September 18, 2024. Retrieved September 20, 2024.

toptal.com

Munoz, Daniel. "After All These Years, the World is Still Powered by C Programming | Toptal". Toptal Engineering Blog. Retrieved June 15, 2024.
Munoz, Daniel. "After All These Years, the World is Still Powered by C Programming". Toptal Engineering Blog. Retrieved November 17, 2023.

ucr.edu

cs.ucr.edu

"10 Common Programming Mistakes in C++". Cs.ucr.edu. Archived from the original on October 21, 2008. Retrieved June 26, 2009.

uni-stuttgart.de

bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de

Roberts, Eric S. (March 21, 1989). "Implementing Exceptions in C" (PDF). DEC Systems Research Center. SRC-RR-40. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 15, 2017. Retrieved January 4, 2022.

unix.com

"Man Page for lint (freebsd Section 1)". unix.com. May 24, 2001. Retrieved July 15, 2014.

web.archive.org

"Verilog HDL (and C)" (PDF). The Research School of Computer Science at the Australian National University. June 3, 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 6, 2013. Retrieved August 19, 2013. 1980s: Verilog first introduced; Verilog inspired by the C programming language
"The name is based on, and pronounced like the letter C in the English alphabet". the c programming language sound. English Chinese Dictionary. Archived from the original on November 17, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2022.
"C Language Drops to Lowest Popularity Rating". Developer.com. August 9, 2016. Archived from the original on August 22, 2022. Retrieved August 1, 2022.
"Programming Language Popularity". 2009. Archived from the original on January 16, 2009. Retrieved January 16, 2009.
"TIOBE Programming Community Index". 2009. Archived from the original on May 4, 2009. Retrieved May 6, 2009.
"TIOBE Index for September 2024". Archived from the original on September 18, 2024. Retrieved September 20, 2024.
Ritchie, Dennis. "BCPL to B to C". lysator.liu.se. Archived from the original on December 12, 2019. Retrieved September 10, 2019.
Jensen, Richard (December 9, 2020). ""A damn stupid thing to do"—the origins of C". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on March 28, 2022. Retrieved March 28, 2022.
McIlroy, M. D. (1987). A Research Unix reader: annotated excerpts from the Programmer's Manual, 1971–1986 (PDF) (Technical report). CSTR. Bell Labs. p. 10. 139. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 11, 2017. Retrieved February 1, 2015.
"C manual pages". FreeBSD Miscellaneous Information Manual (FreeBSD 13.0 ed.). May 30, 2011. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 15, 2021. [1] Archived January 21, 2021, at the Wayback Machine
Stroustrup, Bjarne (2002). Sibling rivalry: C and C++ (PDF) (Report). AT&T Labs. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 24, 2014. Retrieved April 14, 2014.
"Rationale for American National Standard for Information Systems – Programming Language – C". Archived from the original on July 17, 2024. Retrieved July 17, 2024.
C Integrity. International Organization for Standardization. March 30, 1995. Archived from the original on July 25, 2018. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
"JTC1/SC22/WG14 – C". Home page. ISO/IEC. Archived from the original on February 12, 2018. Retrieved June 2, 2011.
Andrew Binstock (October 12, 2011). "Interview with Herb Sutter". Dr. Dobbs. Archived from the original on August 2, 2013. Retrieved September 7, 2013.
"WG14-N3132 : Revised C23 Schedule" (PDF). open-std.org. June 4, 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 9, 2023.
"WG14-N3220 : Working Draft, C2y" (PDF). open-std.org. February 21, 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 26, 2024.
"TR 18037: Embedded C" (PDF). open-std.org. April 4, 2006. ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG14 N1169. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved July 26, 2011.
"ISO/IEC 9899:201x (ISO C11) Committee Draft" (PDF). open-std.org. December 2, 2010. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 22, 2017. Retrieved September 16, 2011.
"10 Common Programming Mistakes in C++". Cs.ucr.edu. Archived from the original on October 21, 2008. Retrieved June 26, 2009.
For example, gcc provides _FORTIFY_SOURCE. "Security Features: Compile Time Buffer Checks (FORTIFY_SOURCE)". fedoraproject.org. Archived from the original on January 7, 2007. Retrieved August 5, 2012.
"C – the mother of all languages". ICT Academy at IITK. November 13, 2018. Archived from the original on May 31, 2021. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
"1. Extending Python with C or C++". Python 3.10.7 documentation. Archived from the original on November 5, 2012. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
Conrad, Michael (January 22, 2018). "An overview of the Perl 5 engine". Opensource.com. Archived from the original on May 26, 2022. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
"To Ruby From C and C++". Ruby Programming Language. Archived from the original on August 12, 2013. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
Para, Michael (August 3, 2022). "What is PHP? How to Write Your First PHP Program". freeCodeCamp. Archived from the original on August 4, 2022. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
"Using C for CGI Programming". linuxjournal.com. March 1, 2005. Archived from the original on February 13, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2010.
Perkins, Luc (September 17, 2013). "Web development in C: crazy? Or crazy like a fox?". Medium. Archived from the original on October 4, 2014. Retrieved April 8, 2022.
Metz, Cade. "Dennis Ritchie: The Shoulders Steve Jobs Stood On". Wired. Archived from the original on April 12, 2022. Retrieved April 19, 2022.
corob-msft (March 31, 2022). "Pragma directives and the __pragma and _Pragma keywords". Microsoft Learn. Archived from the original on September 24, 2022. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
"Pragmas (The C Preprocessor)". GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection. Archived from the original on June 17, 2002. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
"Pragmas". Intel C++ Compiler Classic Developer Guide and Reference. Intel. Archived from the original on April 10, 2022. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
Roberts, Eric S. (March 21, 1989). "Implementing Exceptions in C" (PDF). DEC Systems Research Center. SRC-RR-40. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 15, 2017. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
McMillan, Robert (August 1, 2013). "Is Java Losing Its Mojo?". Wired. Archived from the original on February 15, 2017. Retrieved March 5, 2017.
Stroustrup, Bjarne (1993). "A History of C++: 1979–1991" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 2, 2019. Retrieved June 9, 2011.

wired.com

Metz, Cade. "Dennis Ritchie: The Shoulders Steve Jobs Stood On". Wired. Archived from the original on April 12, 2022. Retrieved April 19, 2022.
McMillan, Robert (August 1, 2013). "Is Java Losing Its Mojo?". Wired. Archived from the original on February 15, 2017. Retrieved March 5, 2017.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Johnson, S. C.; Ritchie, D. M. (1978). "Portability of C Programs and the UNIX System". Bell System Tech. J. 57 (6): 2021–2048. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.138.35. doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1978.tb02141.x. ISSN 0005-8580. S2CID 17510065. (Note: The PDF is an OCR scan of the original, and contains a rendering of "IBM 370" as "IBM 310".)
Dale, Nell B.; Weems, Chip (2014). Programming and problem solving with C++ (6th ed.). Burlington, Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett Learning. ISBN 978-1449694289. OCLC 894992484.
O'Regan, Gerard (September 24, 2015). Pillars of computing : a compendium of select, pivotal technology firms. Springer. ISBN 978-3319214641. OCLC 922324121.
Rauchwerger, Lawrence (2004). Languages and compilers for parallel computing : 16th international workshop, LCPC 2003, College Station, TX, USA, October 2–4, 2003 : revised papers. Springer. ISBN 978-3540246442. OCLC 57965544.