Caliphate of Córdoba (English Wikipedia)

Tertius Chandler, Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth: An Historical Census, Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 1987. ISBN 0-88946-207-0. Figures in main tables are preferentially cited. Part of Chandler's estimates are summarized or modified at The Institute for Research on World-Systems; Largest Cities Through History by Matt T. Rosenberg Archived 2016-08-18 at the Wayback Machine; or The Etext Archives Archived 2008-02-11 at the Wayback Machine. Chandler defined a city as a continuously built-up area (urban) with suburbs but without farmland inside the municipality.

ajbasweb.com

Sidik, Roziah; Sidek, Mat; Suryani Arshad, Izziah; Abu Bakar, Kaseh (2013). "The Role And Contribution Of Women In Andalusian Muslim Civilization" (PDF). Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 7 (4): 323–327.

archive.org

Lévi Provençal 1957, p. 62. Lévi Provençal, Évariste (1957). Historia de España: España musulmana hasta la caída del califato de Córdoba: 711–1031 de J.C. Tomo IV. Espasa-Calpe. Edición de Ramón Menéndez Pidal & Leopoldo Torres-Balbás. Traducción de Emilio García Gómez. p. 523. ISBN 978-8423948000.
Lévi Provençal 1957, p. 431. Lévi Provençal, Évariste (1957). Historia de España: España musulmana hasta la caída del califato de Córdoba: 711–1031 de J.C. Tomo IV. Espasa-Calpe. Edición de Ramón Menéndez Pidal & Leopoldo Torres-Balbás. Traducción de Emilio García Gómez. p. 523. ISBN 978-8423948000.

books.google.com

Azizur Rahman, Syed (2001). The Story of Islamic Spain (snippet view). New Delhi: Goodword Books. p. 129. ISBN 978-81-87570-57-8. Retrieved 5 September 2010. [Emir Abdullah died on] 16 Oct., 912 after 26 years of inglorious rule leaving his fragmented and bankrupt kingdom to his grandson 'Abd ar-Rahman. The following day, the new sultan received the oath of allegiance at a ceremony held in the "Perfect salon" (al-majils al-kamil) of the Alcazar.
Abun-Nasr, Jamil (1987). A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521337674.
Catlos, Brain A. (2014). Infidel Kings and Unholy Wars: Faith, Power, and Violence in the Age of Crusades and Jihad. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux. p. 30.
Fletcher 1992, p. 62. Fletcher, Richard A. (1992). Moorish Spain. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-24840-3.
Fletcher 1992, pp. 62–64. Fletcher, Richard A. (1992). Moorish Spain. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-24840-3.
Fletcher 1992, p. 63. Fletcher, Richard A. (1992). Moorish Spain. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-24840-3.
Catlos, Brian A. (2018). Kingdoms of Faith: A New History of Islamic Spain. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0465055876.
Ruggles, D. Fairchild (2008). Islamic Gardens and Landscapes. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 152–153. ISBN 978-0812207286.
Vallejo Triano, Antonio (2007). "Madinat Al-Zahra; Transformation of a Caliphal City". In Anderson, Glaire D.; Rosser-Owen, Mariam (eds.). Revisiting al-Andalus: perspectives on the material culture of Islamic Iberia and beyond. Brill. p. 3. ISBN 978-90-04-16227-3.

britannica.com

Slamecka, Vladimir (9 August 2018). "Information processing". Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved 5 October 2022. The Bayt al-Ḥikmah ("House of Wisdom"), founded in AD 830 in Baghdad, contained a public library with a large collection of materials on a wide range of subjects, and the 10th-century library of Caliph al-Ḥakam in Cordova, Spain, boasted more than 400,000 books.

clevelandjewishnews.com

"This day, Mary 15, in Jewish history". Cleveland Jewish News. Archived from the original on 2014-05-19. Retrieved 2014-05-18.

doi.org

Taagepera, Rein (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 495. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
Rosser-Owen, Mariam (2014). "Andalusi Spolia in Medieval Morocco: "Architectural Politics, Political Architecture"". Medieval Encounters. 20 (2): 152–198. doi:10.1163/15700674-12342164.

escholarship.org

Taagepera, Rein (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 495. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793. Retrieved 7 September 2018.

etext.org

Tertius Chandler, Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth: An Historical Census, Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 1987. ISBN 0-88946-207-0. Figures in main tables are preferentially cited. Part of Chandler's estimates are summarized or modified at The Institute for Research on World-Systems; Largest Cities Through History by Matt T. Rosenberg Archived 2016-08-18 at the Wayback Machine; or The Etext Archives Archived 2008-02-11 at the Wayback Machine. Chandler defined a city as a continuously built-up area (urban) with suburbs but without farmland inside the municipality.

jstor.org

Taagepera, Rein (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 495. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
Hébert, Raymond J. (1991). "The Coinage of Islamic Spain". Islamic Studies. 30 (1/2): 117–119. JSTOR 20840029.

metmuseum.org

Dodds, Jerrilynn D., ed. (1992). Al-Andalus: The Art of Islamic Spain. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 0870996371.

mia.org.qa

"Doha Hind". www.mia.org.qa. Retrieved 2021-11-16.

museosdeandalucia.es

"Cervatillo de Madinat al-Zahra – Obras Singulares – Museo arqueológico y etnológico de Córdoba". www.museosdeandalucia.es. Retrieved 2021-11-16.

museumwnf.org

islamicart.museumwnf.org

Llorente, Margarita Sánchez. "Fountain spout – Discover Islamic Art – Virtual Museum". Discover Islamic Art – Museum With No Frontiers. Archived from the original on 2020-11-26. Retrieved 2021-11-16.
El Khatib-Boujibar, Naima. "Ablutions basin". Discover Islamic Art, Museum With No Frontiers. Retrieved June 5, 2020.

qantara-med.org

"Qantara – Spout of a fountain in the form of a stag". Qantara-med. Archived from the original on 2021-04-19. Retrieved 2021-11-16.

ucr.edu

irows.ucr.edu

Tertius Chandler, Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth: An Historical Census, Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 1987. ISBN 0-88946-207-0. Figures in main tables are preferentially cited. Part of Chandler's estimates are summarized or modified at The Institute for Research on World-Systems; Largest Cities Through History by Matt T. Rosenberg Archived 2016-08-18 at the Wayback Machine; or The Etext Archives Archived 2008-02-11 at the Wayback Machine. Chandler defined a city as a continuously built-up area (urban) with suburbs but without farmland inside the municipality.

web.archive.org

Tertius Chandler, Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth: An Historical Census, Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 1987. ISBN 0-88946-207-0. Figures in main tables are preferentially cited. Part of Chandler's estimates are summarized or modified at The Institute for Research on World-Systems; Largest Cities Through History by Matt T. Rosenberg Archived 2016-08-18 at the Wayback Machine; or The Etext Archives Archived 2008-02-11 at the Wayback Machine. Chandler defined a city as a continuously built-up area (urban) with suburbs but without farmland inside the municipality.
"This day, Mary 15, in Jewish history". Cleveland Jewish News. Archived from the original on 2014-05-19. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
Llorente, Margarita Sánchez. "Fountain spout – Discover Islamic Art – Virtual Museum". Discover Islamic Art – Museum With No Frontiers. Archived from the original on 2020-11-26. Retrieved 2021-11-16.
"Qantara – Spout of a fountain in the form of a stag". Qantara-med. Archived from the original on 2021-04-19. Retrieved 2021-11-16.

worldcat.org

Hughes, Aaron W. (2013). Muslim identities : an introduction to Islam. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 108. ISBN 978-0231531924. OCLC 833763900.
Stanton, Charles D. (2015-06-30). Medieval maritime warfare. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Maritime. p. 111. ISBN 978-1473856431. OCLC 905696269.
De Bordejé Morencos 1992, p. 111. De Bordejé Morencos, Federico Fernando (1992). "El Islam, la España musulmana y la mar". Revista de historia naval (39): 97–114. ISSN 0212-467X.
De Bordejé Morencos 1992, p. 113. De Bordejé Morencos, Federico Fernando (1992). "El Islam, la España musulmana y la mar". Revista de historia naval (39): 97–114. ISSN 0212-467X.
Crespi, Gabriele (1982). "L'Europe Musulmane". Les Formes de la nuit. No. 2. Saint Léger-Vauban: Zodiaque, p. 55. En francés. ISSN 0763-7608.