Carbon offsets and credits (English Wikipedia)

"Battle over carbon capture as tool to fight climate change". The Associated Press. 13 April 2022. Archived from the original on November 9, 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.

australiainstitute.org.au

"Here are 23 Times Carbon Offsets Were Found to be Dodgy". The Australia Institute. 23 January 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
"The Problem with Carbon Credits and Offsets Explained". The Australia Institute. 23 February 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2025.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
Hemming, Polly; Merzian, Richie; Schoo, Annica (22 September 2021). "Questionable integrity: Non-additionality in the Emissions Reduction Fund's Avoided Deforestation Method". Retrieved 9 January 2025.
Hemming, Polly (26 April 2023). "Can carbon offsets save the environment?". The Australia Institute. Retrieved 10 January 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

belfercenter.org

Lee, Henry; Mayer, Abigail (2020). The Future of Carbon Offset Markets: Current Trends and Emerging Challenges (PDF). Harvard Kennedy School. Page 6.

berghahnjournals.com

Cadman, Tim; Hales, Robert (2022-06-01). "COP26 and a Framework for Future Global Agreements on Carbon Market Integrity". The International Journal of Social Quality. 12 (1): 79–80. doi:10.3167/IJSQ.2022.120105. hdl:10072/422013. ISSN 1757-0344. S2CID 256659556.
Cadman, Tim; Hales, Robert (2022-06-01). "COP26 and a Framework for Future Global Agreements on Carbon Market Integrity". The International Journal of Social Quality. 12 (1): 85. doi:10.3167/IJSQ.2022.120105. hdl:10072/422013. ISSN 1757-0344.

berkeley.edu

gspp.berkeley.edu

"Goldman School of Public Policy | Goldman School of Public Policy | University of California, Berkeley". gspp.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2023-12-28.

bnef.com

about.bnef.com

"Carbon Offset Prices Could Increase Fifty-Fold by 2050". BloombergNEF. 2022-01-10. Retrieved 2023-04-08.

bostonglobe.com

Lisa Song; James Temple (10 May 2021). "Mass Audubon promised to preserve wildlife. Then it made millions claiming it could cut down trees". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.

c2es.org

"Cap and Trade: Key Terms Glossary" (PDF). Climate Change 101. Center for Climate and Energy Solutions. January 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-05. Retrieved 27 October 2014.
"Emissions Trading in the U.S.: Experience, Lessons, and Considerations for Greenhouse Gases". Center for Climate and Energy Solutions. Retrieved 2023-03-28.
"California Cap and Trade". Center for Climate and Energy Solutions. Retrieved 2022-12-15.

ca.gov

ww2.arb.ca.gov

"Offset Verification | California Air Resources Board". ww2.arb.ca.gov. Retrieved 2023-12-20.

cam.ac.uk

econ.cam.ac.uk

Grubb, M. (July–September 2003). "The Economics of the Kyoto Protocol" (PDF). World Economics. 4 (3): 143–189. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2010-03-25.

carboncodex.app

"CODEX". carboncodex.app. Archived from the original on 2020-05-14. Retrieved 2020-10-05.

carbonmarketcap.org

Wagner, Gustav C. (2022-06-08). "A Guide to Carbon Credit Exchanges". CarbonMarketCap. Retrieved 2023-04-06.

carbonmarketwatch.org

Crook, Jonathan (December 7, 2022). "Was COP27 the beginning of the end for corporate offsetting?". Carbon Watch. Retrieved March 26, 2023.
Crook, Jonathan (November 2, 2022). "COP27 FAQ: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement explained". Carbon Watch. Retrieved March 26, 2023.

cdmpipeline.org

"UNEP Risoe CDM/JI Pipeline Analysis and Database". UNEP Risoe Centre. 2010-02-01. Archived from the original on 2011-07-25. Retrieved 2010-02-22.

climatefocus.com

Chagas, Thiago; Galt, Hilda; Lee, Donna; Neeff, Till; Streck, Charlotte (2020). A close look at the quality of REDD+ carbon credits (PDF). Climate Focus. Page 5.

climateseed.com

"What is Insetting?". climateseed.com. Retrieved 2025-01-10.

climatetrade.com

ClimateTrade (2022-08-04). "Voluntary carbon market value tops US$2B". ClimateTrade. Retrieved 2023-04-19.

cnbc.com

Meredith, Sam (7 February 2022). "World's biggest companies accused of exaggerating their climate actions". CNBC. Archived from the original on November 14, 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.

collinsdictionary.com

"Carbon offset". Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 11th Edition. Retrieved September 21, 2012 from CollinsDictionary.com. Archived from the original on October 4, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2012.

congress.gov

crsreports.congress.gov

Sheikh, P. A.; Procita, Kezee; Riddle, A.A.; Hoover, Katie (November 2021). Reduction in Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) (Report). Congressional Research Service. Cover page. Retrieved 2023-03-26.

csmonitor.com

Periodicals that have covered this issue include:
Christian Science Monitor [1] Archived 2017-05-24 at the Wayback Machine
The Guardian [2], Archived 2023-01-20 at the Wayback Machine
Mother Jones [3] Archived 2008-12-17 at the Wayback Machine
The New York Times [4] Archived 2017-06-25 at the Wayback Machine.

dezeen.com

"Planting trees "doesn't make any sense" in the fight against climate change say experts". Dezeen. 2021-07-05. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

doi.org

Haya, Barbara K.; Evans, Samuel; Brown, Letty; Bukoski, Jacob; Butsic, Van; Cabiyo, Bodie; Jacobson, Rory; Kerr, Amber; Potts, Matthew; Sanchez, Daniel L. (2023-03-21). "Comprehensive review of carbon quantification by improved forest management offset protocols". Frontiers in Forests and Global Change. 6. Bibcode:2023FrFGC...6.8879H. doi:10.3389/ffgc.2023.958879. ISSN 2624-893X.
Probst, Benedict; Toetzke, Malte; Anadon, Laura Diaz; Kontoleon, Andreas; Hoffmann, Volker (2023-07-27). Systematic review of the actual emissions reductions of carbon offset projects across all major sectors (Report). In Review. doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3149652/v1. hdl:20.500.11850/620307.
Batjes, N.H.; Ceschia, E.; Heuvelink, G.B.M.; Demenois, J.; le Maire, G.; Cardinael, R.; Arias-Navarro, C.; von Egmond, F. (October 2024). "Towards a modular, multi-ecosystem monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) framework for soil organic carbon stock change assessment". Carbon Management. 15 (1): 2410812. doi:10.1080/17583004.2024.2410812.
Cadman, Tim; Hales, Robert (2022-06-01). "COP26 and a Framework for Future Global Agreements on Carbon Market Integrity". The International Journal of Social Quality. 12 (1): 79–80. doi:10.3167/IJSQ.2022.120105. hdl:10072/422013. ISSN 1757-0344. S2CID 256659556.
World Bank 2022, p. 35 State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2022. World Bank. 2022. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1895-0 (inactive 1 November 2024). hdl:10986/37455. ISBN 9781464818950. Retrieved 24 March 2023.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
World Bank 2022, p. 15 State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2022. World Bank. 2022. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1895-0 (inactive 1 November 2024). hdl:10986/37455. ISBN 9781464818950. Retrieved 24 March 2023.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
Minas, Stephen (2022-07-03). "Market making for the planet: the Paris Agreement Article 6 decisions and transnational carbon markets*". Transnational Legal Theory. 13 (2–3): 287–320. doi:10.1080/20414005.2023.2174690. ISSN 2041-4005. S2CID 257001813.
State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2022. World Bank. 2022. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1895-0 (inactive 1 November 2024). hdl:10986/37455. ISBN 9781464818950. Retrieved 24 March 2023.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
Regan, Courtney M.; Connor, Jeffery D. (2020). "The influence of crediting and permanence periods on Australian forest-based carbon offsets supply". Land Use Policy. 97: 104800. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104800. S2CID 225204587. Archived from the original on 2021-04-16. Retrieved 2021-04-09 – via Elsevier Science Direct.
Bjørn, Anders; Lloyd, Shannon M.; Brander, Matthew; Matthews, H. Damon (9 June 2022). "Renewable energy certificates threaten the integrity of corporate science-based targets". Nature Climate Change. 12 (6): 539–546. Bibcode:2022NatCC..12..539B. doi:10.1038/s41558-022-01379-5. hdl:20.500.11820/fd48d7fc-d354-4ed6-bc99-70e515a7b189. ISSN 1758-6798. S2CID 249524667.
Veldman, Joseph W.; Overbeck, Gerhard E.; Negreiros, Daniel; Mahy, Gregory; Le Stradic, Soizig; Fernandes, G. Wilson; Durigan, Giselda; Buisson, Elise; Putz, Francis E.; Bond, William J. (2015). "Where Tree Planting and Forest Expansion are Bad for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services". BioScience. 65 (10): 1011–1018. doi:10.1093/biosci/biv118.
Aguirre-Gutiérrez, Jesús; Stevens, Nicola; Berenguer, Erika (2023). "Valuing the functionality of tropical ecosystems beyond carbon". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 38 (12): 1109–1111. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2023.08.012. PMID 37798181.
Fleischman, Forrest; Basant, Shishir; Chhatre, Ashwini; Coleman, Eric A; Fischer, Harry W; Gupta, Divya; Güneralp, Burak; Kashwan, Prakash; Khatri, Dil; Muscarella, Robert; Powers, Jennifer S; Ramprasad, Vijay; Rana, Pushpendra; Solorzano, Claudia Rodriguez; Veldman, Joseph W (2020-09-16). "Pitfalls of Tree Planting Show Why We Need People-Centered Natural Climate Solutions". BioScience. doi:10.1093/biosci/biaa094. ISSN 0006-3568.
Cadman, Tim; Hales, Robert (2022-06-01). "COP26 and a Framework for Future Global Agreements on Carbon Market Integrity". The International Journal of Social Quality. 12 (1): 85. doi:10.3167/IJSQ.2022.120105. hdl:10072/422013. ISSN 1757-0344.

earth.org

Lam, Austin (2022-12-03). "What is an Emissions Trading Scheme and How Does It Work?". Earth.Org. Retrieved 2022-12-27.

ecfr.eu

Bachulska, Alicja; Leonard, Mark; Oertel, Janka (2 July 2024). The Idea of China: Chinese Thinkers on Power, Progress, and People (EPUB). Berlin, Germany: European Council on Foreign Relations. p. 124. ISBN 978-1-916682-42-9. Archived from the original on 17 July 2024. Retrieved 22 July 2024.

ecobusinesslinks.com

"Carbon Offsetting Price Survey". ecobusinesslinks. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

ecosystemmarketplace.com

"What's in a carbon credit? New tools help quantify the sustainable development benefits of carbon offset projects". Ecosystem Marketplace. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

epa.gov

US EPA, OAR (2016-03-16). "How Do Emissions Trading Programs Work?". www.epa.gov. Retrieved 2023-03-28.
"F-gases Emissions – Climate Change – US EPA". Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2015.

europa.eu

climate.ec.europa.eu

"Use of international credits". climate.ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
Cames, Martin; Harthan, Ralph O.; Füssler, Jürg; Lee, Carrie M.; et al. (2016). How additional is the Clean Development Mechanism? (PDF). Berlin: Öko-Institut. Page 11.

fastcompany.com

Peters, Adele (June 8, 2022). "This new 'integrity initiative' is designed to fight corporate greenwashing". Fast Company. Retrieved March 28, 2023.

forest-trends.org

Hamrick, Kelley; Gallant, Melissa (May 2017). "Unlocking Potential: State of the Voluntary Carbon Markets 2017" (PDF). Forest Trends' Ecosystem Marketplace. p. 10. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-08-14. Retrieved 2019-01-29.
"State of the Voluntary Carbon Markets 2017" (PDF). Forest Trends. Ecosystem Marketplace. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 14, 2020. Retrieved January 25, 2019.

ghginstitute.org

Gillenwater, Michael (2012). What is Additionality? Part 1: A long standing problem (PDF) (3rd ed.). Silver Spring, MD: Greenhouse Gas Management Institute. Page 10.

goldstandard.org

"CARBON PRICING: Why do prices vary by project type? | The Gold Standard". www.goldstandard.org. 12 June 2016. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
"How shared value is calculated for Gold Standard Certified Projects | The Gold Standard". www.goldstandard.org. 14 June 2019. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
"FAQs | The Gold Standard". www.goldstandard.org. Archived from the original on 2014-02-16. Retrieved 2020-03-24.

globalgoals.goldstandard.org

"Claims Guidelines Version 2.0" (PDF). Gold Standard. September 6, 2022. Retrieved March 26, 2023.

greenbiz.com

"How Do You Guarantee Land-Based Offsets Are Permanent? | Greenbiz". www.greenbiz.com. 19 June 2009. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

greenbusinessbureau.com

Courtnell, Jane (2023-02-01). "Carbon Offsets vs Carbon Credits: What's the Difference?". Green Business Bureau. Retrieved 2023-12-07.

grida.no

Bashmakov, I.; et al., "6. Policies, Measures, and Instruments", 6.3 International Policies, Measures, and Instruments, archived from the original on 5 August 2009, in IPCC TAR WG3 2001 IPCC TAR WG3 (2001), Metz, B.; Davidson, O.; Swart, R.; Pan, J.; et al. (eds.), Climate Change 2001: Mitigation, Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-80769-2, archived from the original on 27 February 2017{{citation}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) (pb: 0-521-01502-2).
Hourcade, J.-C.; et al., "8. Global, Regional, and National Costs and Ancillary Benefits of Mitigation", 8.3.1 International Emissions Quota Trading Regimes, archived from the original on 11 January 2012, in IPCC TAR WG3 2001 IPCC TAR WG3 (2001), Metz, B.; Davidson, O.; Swart, R.; Pan, J.; et al. (eds.), Climate Change 2001: Mitigation, Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-80769-2, archived from the original on 27 February 2017{{citation}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) (pb: 0-521-01502-2).

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Probst, Benedict; Toetzke, Malte; Anadon, Laura Diaz; Kontoleon, Andreas; Hoffmann, Volker (2023-07-27). Systematic review of the actual emissions reductions of carbon offset projects across all major sectors (Report). In Review. doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3149652/v1. hdl:20.500.11850/620307.
Cadman, Tim; Hales, Robert (2022-06-01). "COP26 and a Framework for Future Global Agreements on Carbon Market Integrity". The International Journal of Social Quality. 12 (1): 79–80. doi:10.3167/IJSQ.2022.120105. hdl:10072/422013. ISSN 1757-0344. S2CID 256659556.
World Bank 2022, p. 35 State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2022. World Bank. 2022. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1895-0 (inactive 1 November 2024). hdl:10986/37455. ISBN 9781464818950. Retrieved 24 March 2023.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
World Bank 2022, p. 15 State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2022. World Bank. 2022. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1895-0 (inactive 1 November 2024). hdl:10986/37455. ISBN 9781464818950. Retrieved 24 March 2023.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2022. World Bank. 2022. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1895-0 (inactive 1 November 2024). hdl:10986/37455. ISBN 9781464818950. Retrieved 24 March 2023.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
Bjørn, Anders; Lloyd, Shannon M.; Brander, Matthew; Matthews, H. Damon (9 June 2022). "Renewable energy certificates threaten the integrity of corporate science-based targets". Nature Climate Change. 12 (6): 539–546. Bibcode:2022NatCC..12..539B. doi:10.1038/s41558-022-01379-5. hdl:20.500.11820/fd48d7fc-d354-4ed6-bc99-70e515a7b189. ISSN 1758-6798. S2CID 249524667.
Cadman, Tim; Hales, Robert (2022-06-01). "COP26 and a Framework for Future Global Agreements on Carbon Market Integrity". The International Journal of Social Quality. 12 (1): 85. doi:10.3167/IJSQ.2022.120105. hdl:10072/422013. ISSN 1757-0344.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Haya, Barbara K.; Evans, Samuel; Brown, Letty; Bukoski, Jacob; Butsic, Van; Cabiyo, Bodie; Jacobson, Rory; Kerr, Amber; Potts, Matthew; Sanchez, Daniel L. (2023-03-21). "Comprehensive review of carbon quantification by improved forest management offset protocols". Frontiers in Forests and Global Change. 6. Bibcode:2023FrFGC...6.8879H. doi:10.3389/ffgc.2023.958879. ISSN 2624-893X.
Bjørn, Anders; Lloyd, Shannon M.; Brander, Matthew; Matthews, H. Damon (9 June 2022). "Renewable energy certificates threaten the integrity of corporate science-based targets". Nature Climate Change. 12 (6): 539–546. Bibcode:2022NatCC..12..539B. doi:10.1038/s41558-022-01379-5. hdl:20.500.11820/fd48d7fc-d354-4ed6-bc99-70e515a7b189. ISSN 1758-6798. S2CID 249524667.

iaea.org

Nuclear Power and Market Mechanisms Under the Paris Agreement (PDF). International Atomic Energy Agency. 2017. Retrieved March 26, 2023.

iata.org

"Offsetting CO₂ Emissions with CORSIA". www.iata.org. Retrieved 2023-03-28.

icao.int

"Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA)". www.icao.int. Retrieved 2023-03-28.

icapcarbonaction.com

"Emissions Trading Worldwide: 2022 ICAP Status Report". International Carbon Action Partnership. 29 March 2022. Retrieved 2023-03-28.
Emissions Trading Worldwide: Status Report 2023 (PDF). Berlin: International Carbon Action Partnership. 2023. Page 34.

iea.org

"COP26 climate pledges could help limit global warming to 1.8 °C, but implementing them will be the key – Analysis". IEA. 4 November 2021. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

iied.org

shapingsustainablemarkets.iied.org

"Social Carbon profile on database of market governance mechanisms". United Kingdom. Archived from the original on 7 September 2018. Retrieved 25 Jan 2019.

ipcc.ch

Carraro, C.; Christensen, J.; Edmonds, J.; Flannery, B.; et al. (2001). "Chapter 10: Decision Making Frameworks" (PDF). TAR Climate Change 2001: Mitigation. p. 660.
"Summary for Policymakers" (PDF). Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. IPCC. 2022. Fig.SPM.1, p.7.

kraneshares.com

"A Year in Review: Tracking Carbon Price Highs & Lows in 2022 and Major Policy Shifts to Watch for in 2023". KraneShares. 2023-01-17. Retrieved 2023-04-08.

lexisnexis.com

Murphy, Mathew (9 June 2008). "New international standards organisation hopes for plenty of carbon copies" (fee required). The Age. The Age Company. Retrieved 2009-08-24.

mckinsey.com

"Carbon credits: Scaling voluntary markets". McKinsey. January 29, 2021. Retrieved 2023-01-05.

mnproject.org

"Haubenschild Dairy Farm Digester". Archived from the original on 2015-07-30. Retrieved 6 August 2015.

mongabay.com

rainforests.mongabay.com

Butler, Rhett (2012-07-27). "Deforestation". Mongabay. Archived from the original on 2019-01-29. Retrieved 2019-01-28.

motherjones.com

Periodicals that have covered this issue include:
Christian Science Monitor [1] Archived 2017-05-24 at the Wayback Machine
The Guardian [2], Archived 2023-01-20 at the Wayback Machine
Mother Jones [3] Archived 2008-12-17 at the Wayback Machine
The New York Times [4] Archived 2017-06-25 at the Wayback Machine.

mycarbonplan.org

"Tree planting projects for carbon offsetting in the UK". My Carbon Plan. Archived from the original on 2020-05-15. Retrieved 2020-04-19.

nature.org

"Making Carbon Markets Work for Faster Climate Action". The Nature Conservancy. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

nefco.int

Michaelowa, Axel; Shishlov, Igor; Hoch, Stephan; Bofill, Patricio; et al. (2019). Overview and Comparison of Existing Carbon Crediting Cchemes (PDF) (Report). Helsinki: Nordic Initiative for Cooperative Approaches (NICA) and Perspectives Climate Group Gmbh. Pages 10-17. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
Michaelowa, Axel; Shishlov, Igor; Hoch, Stephan; Bofill, Patricio; et al. (2019). Overview and Comparison of Existing Carbon Crediting Cchemes (PDF) (Report). Helsinki: Nordic Initiative for Cooperative Approaches (NICA) and Perspectives Climate Group Gmbh. Page 3. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
Michaelowa, Axel; Shishlov, Igor; Hoch, Stephan; Bofill, Patricio; Espelage, Aglaja (2019). Overview and comparison of existing carbon crediting schemes (PDF). Helsinki: Nordic Initiative for Cooperative Approaches (NICA) and Perspectives Climate Group Gmbh. pp. 25–26.
Michaelowa, Axel; Shishlov, Igor; Hoch, Stephan; Bofill, Patricio; et al. (2019). Overview and Comparison of Existing Carbon Crediting Cchemes (PDF) (Report). Helsinki: Nordic Initiative for Cooperative Approaches (NICA) and Perspectives Climate Group Gmbh. Pages 23-24. Retrieved December 20, 2022.

newstatesman.com

Bourke, India (2021-11-18). ""A further act of colonisation": why indigenous peoples fear carbon offsetting". New Statesman. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

newyorker.com

Blake, Heidi (2023-10-16). "The Great Cash-for-Carbon Hustle". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Retrieved 2024-07-30.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Aguirre-Gutiérrez, Jesús; Stevens, Nicola; Berenguer, Erika (2023). "Valuing the functionality of tropical ecosystems beyond carbon". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 38 (12): 1109–1111. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2023.08.012. PMID 37798181.

nytimes.com

Periodicals that have covered this issue include:
Christian Science Monitor [1] Archived 2017-05-24 at the Wayback Machine
The Guardian [2], Archived 2023-01-20 at the Wayback Machine
Mother Jones [3] Archived 2008-12-17 at the Wayback Machine
The New York Times [4] Archived 2017-06-25 at the Wayback Machine.
"Carbon offsets used by major airlines based on flawed system, warn experts". the Guardian. 2021-05-04. Retrieved 2022-12-31.;Temple, L.; Song, J. (29 April 2021). "The Climate Solution Actually Adding Millions of Tons of CO₂ Into the Atmosphere". ProPublica. Retrieved 2022-12-31.;Astor, Maggie (2022-05-18). "Do Airline Climate Offsets Really Work? Here's the Good News, and the Bad". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-12-31.;Greenfield, Patrick (2023-01-18). "Revealed: more than 90% of rainforest carbon offsets by biggest certifier are worthless, analysis shows". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
Andreoni, Manuela (2022-05-20). "Spot the greenwashing". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
Astor, Maggie (2022-05-18). "Do Airline Climate Offsets Really Work? Here's the Good News, and the Bad". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-12-31.

offsetguide.org

"What is a Carbon Offset?". Carbon Offset Guide. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
"Carbon Offset Programs". Carbon Offset Guide. Retrieved 2023-04-19.
"Avoiding Overestimation". Carbon Offset Guide. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
"How to Acquire Carbon Offset Credits". Carbon Offset Guide. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
"Carbon Offsets after 2020: the World Under Paris". Carbon Offset Guide. Archived from the original on 2021-01-21. Retrieved 2020-12-30.
"Joint Implementation". Carbon Offset Guide. Retrieved 2023-03-25.
"Offset Project Entities". Carbon Offset Guide. Retrieved 2023-03-24.
"Carbon Offset Projects". Carbon Offset Guide. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
"Renewable Energy". Carbon Offset Guide. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
"Industrial Gases". Carbon Offset Guide. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
Broekhoff, Derik; Gillenwater, Michael; Colbert-Sangree, Tani; Cage, Patrick (2019). Securing Climate Benefit: A Guide to Using Carbon Offsets (PDF) (Report). Stockholm Environment Institute & Greenhouse Gas Management Institute. Page 10. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
Broekhoff, Derik; Gillenwater, Michael; Colbert-Sangree, Tani; Cage, Patrick (2019). Securing Climate Benefit: A Guide to Using Carbon Offsets (PDF) (Report). Stockholm Environment Institute & Greenhouse Gas Management Institute. Pages 18-31. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
Broekhoff, Derik; Gillenwater, Michael; Colbert-Sangree, Tani; Cage, Patrick (2019). "Securing Climate Benefit: A Guide to Using Carbon Offsets" (PDF). Stockholm Environment Institute & Greenhouse Gas Management Institute. Retrieved December 17, 2022.
"Climate, Community & Biodiversity Standards". Carbon Offset Guide. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

oup.com

academic.oup.com

Fleischman, Forrest; Basant, Shishir; Chhatre, Ashwini; Coleman, Eric A; Fischer, Harry W; Gupta, Divya; Güneralp, Burak; Kashwan, Prakash; Khatri, Dil; Muscarella, Robert; Powers, Jennifer S; Ramprasad, Vijay; Rana, Pushpendra; Solorzano, Claudia Rodriguez; Veldman, Joseph W (2020-09-16). "Pitfalls of Tree Planting Show Why We Need People-Centered Natural Climate Solutions". BioScience. doi:10.1093/biosci/biaa094. ISSN 0006-3568.

ox.ac.uk

smithschool.ox.ac.uk

Myles, Allen (September 2020). "The Oxford Principles for Net Zero Aligned Carbon Offsetting" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-10-02. Retrieved 24 November 2021.

panda.org

wwfint.awsassets.panda.org

Kollmus, Anja; Zink, Helge; Polycarp, Clifford (2008). A Comparison of Carbon Offset Standards - Making Sense of the Voluntary Carbon Market (PDF) (Report). WWF Germany. pp. 11–12. Retrieved 2022-12-20.

pardot.com

storage.pardot.com

"The Voluntary Carbon Market 2022–2023" (PDF). south pole. Retrieved April 6, 2023.

popsci.com

"Planting invasive species could make our carbon problem worse". Popular Science. 2020-05-29. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

proba.earth

"Carbon Insetting: A necessary step towards Net Zero?". proba.earth. 2024-08-16. Retrieved 2025-01-10.

propublica.org

"Carbon offsets used by major airlines based on flawed system, warn experts". the Guardian. 2021-05-04. Retrieved 2022-12-31.;Temple, L.; Song, J. (29 April 2021). "The Climate Solution Actually Adding Millions of Tons of CO₂ Into the Atmosphere". ProPublica. Retrieved 2022-12-31.;Astor, Maggie (2022-05-18). "Do Airline Climate Offsets Really Work? Here's the Good News, and the Bad". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-12-31.;Greenfield, Patrick (2023-01-18). "Revealed: more than 90% of rainforest carbon offsets by biggest certifier are worthless, analysis shows". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
Song, Lisa; Temple, James (29 April 2021). "The Climate Solution Actually Adding Millions of Tons of CO₂ Into the Atmosphere". ProPublica. Archived from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
Temple, L.; Song, J. (29 April 2021). "The Climate Solution Actually Adding Millions of Tons of CO₂ Into the Atmosphere". ProPublica. Retrieved 2022-12-31.

rechargenews.com

Collins, Leigh. "World's first carbon-removal marketplace offers businesses an easy route to net-zero emissions". RECHARGE Global News and Intelligence for the Energy Transition. Retrieved 29 November 2021.

reforestaction.com

"Our reforestation projects". Reforestaction. 14 May 2019. Archived from the original on 2020-05-15. Retrieved 2020-04-19.

researchgate.net

"(PDF) Analysis and Optimization of Carbon Dioxide Emission Mitigation Options in the Cement Industry". Archived from the original on 2020-05-15. Retrieved 2020-03-28.

researchsquare.com

Probst, Benedict; Toetzke, Malte; Anadon, Laura Diaz; Kontoleon, Andreas; Hoffmann, Volker (2023-07-27). Systematic review of the actual emissions reductions of carbon offset projects across all major sectors (Report). In Review. doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3149652/v1. hdl:20.500.11850/620307.

respira-international.com

Stebbing, Jen (2022-11-01). "Compliance and voluntary carbon markets: What is the difference?". Respira International. Retrieved 2023-04-07.

science.org

"Climate change could expand forests. But will they cool the planet?". www.science.org. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

sciencebasedtargets.org

"The SBTi Net Zero Criteria" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-07-26. Retrieved 29 November 2021.

sciencedirect.com

Regan, Courtney M.; Connor, Jeffery D. (2020). "The influence of crediting and permanence periods on Australian forest-based carbon offsets supply". Land Use Policy. 97: 104800. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104800. S2CID 225204587. Archived from the original on 2021-04-16. Retrieved 2021-04-09 – via Elsevier Science Direct.

scientificamerican.com

"How Does Cogeneration Provide Heat and Power?". Scientific American. Archived from the original on 2019-11-27. Retrieved 2019-11-27.

secondnature.org

"Primer: Carbon Offset Project Types 101" (PDF). Second Nature. Retrieved March 23, 2023.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Cadman, Tim; Hales, Robert (2022-06-01). "COP26 and a Framework for Future Global Agreements on Carbon Market Integrity". The International Journal of Social Quality. 12 (1): 79–80. doi:10.3167/IJSQ.2022.120105. hdl:10072/422013. ISSN 1757-0344. S2CID 256659556.
Minas, Stephen (2022-07-03). "Market making for the planet: the Paris Agreement Article 6 decisions and transnational carbon markets*". Transnational Legal Theory. 13 (2–3): 287–320. doi:10.1080/20414005.2023.2174690. ISSN 2041-4005. S2CID 257001813.
Regan, Courtney M.; Connor, Jeffery D. (2020). "The influence of crediting and permanence periods on Australian forest-based carbon offsets supply". Land Use Policy. 97: 104800. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104800. S2CID 225204587. Archived from the original on 2021-04-16. Retrieved 2021-04-09 – via Elsevier Science Direct.
Bjørn, Anders; Lloyd, Shannon M.; Brander, Matthew; Matthews, H. Damon (9 June 2022). "Renewable energy certificates threaten the integrity of corporate science-based targets". Nature Climate Change. 12 (6): 539–546. Bibcode:2022NatCC..12..539B. doi:10.1038/s41558-022-01379-5. hdl:20.500.11820/fd48d7fc-d354-4ed6-bc99-70e515a7b189. ISSN 1758-6798. S2CID 249524667.

smithsonianmag.com

Conniff, Richard (August 2009). "The Political History of Cap and Trade". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 2023-03-23.

spglobal.com

What is a Voluntary Carbon Market Credit? (PDF) (Report). S&P Global Commodity Insights. 2021. Retrieved May 4, 2023.
"Carbon offsets prove risky business for net zero targets". www.spglobal.com. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

ssrn.com

papers.ssrn.com

LoPucki, Lynn M. (May 20, 2022). "Corporate Greenhouse Gas Disclosures". 56 UC Davis Law Review, No. 1, UCLA School of Law, Public Law Research Paper No. 22-11. Page 416. SSRN 4051948. Retrieved December 20, 2022.

stackpathcdn.com

a9w7k6q9.stackpathcdn.com

Bassam, Fattouh; Maino, Andrea (2022). Article 6 and Voluntary Carbon Markets (PDF) (Report). Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. Pages 1-9. Retrieved March 26, 2023.

technologyreview.com

"The University of California has all but dropped carbon offsets—and thinks you should, too". MIT Technology Review. Retrieved 2023-12-14.

theconversation.com

Böhm, Steffen (19 January 2022). "There's a massive bubble in the price of carbon – and yet it won't bring down emissions any faster". The Conversation. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

theguardian.com

Greenfield, Patrick (2023-01-18). "Revealed: more than 90% of rainforest carbon offsets by biggest certifier are worthless, analysis shows". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-07-30.
Greenfield, Patrick (2023-08-24). "Carbon credit speculators could lose billions as offsets deemed worthless". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-07-30.
Periodicals that have covered this issue include:
Christian Science Monitor [1] Archived 2017-05-24 at the Wayback Machine
The Guardian [2], Archived 2023-01-20 at the Wayback Machine
Mother Jones [3] Archived 2008-12-17 at the Wayback Machine
The New York Times [4] Archived 2017-06-25 at the Wayback Machine.
Greenfield, Patrick (24 November 2024). "Cop29's new carbon market rules offer hope after scandal and deadlock". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 24 November 2024.
"Carbon offsets used by major airlines based on flawed system, warn experts". the Guardian. 2021-05-04. Retrieved 2022-12-31.;Temple, L.; Song, J. (29 April 2021). "The Climate Solution Actually Adding Millions of Tons of CO₂ Into the Atmosphere". ProPublica. Retrieved 2022-12-31.;Astor, Maggie (2022-05-18). "Do Airline Climate Offsets Really Work? Here's the Good News, and the Bad". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-12-31.;Greenfield, Patrick (2023-01-18). "Revealed: more than 90% of rainforest carbon offsets by biggest certifier are worthless, analysis shows". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
Harvey, Fiona (2023-01-20). "New carbon offset standards 'should bring greater scrutiny'". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
Greenfield, Patrick (2023-05-30). "Delta Air Lines faces lawsuit over $1bn carbon neutrality claim". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-06-06.
"Scientists urge end to fossil fuel use as landmark IPCC report readied". The Guardian. 3 April 2022. Archived from the original on November 22, 2022. Retrieved 11 June 2022.
"Carbon offsets used by major airlines based on flawed system, warn experts". the Guardian. 2021-05-04. Retrieved 2022-12-31.
Greenfield, Patrick (18 January 2023). "Revealed: more than 90% of rainforest carbon offsets by biggest certifier are worthless, analysis shows". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 14 February 2023. Retrieved 15 February 2023.

treepoints.green

articles.treepoints.green

Collias, Anthony (2020-11-17). "Gold Standard: Why do we carbon offset with them?". The Treepoints Blog. Retrieved 2022-12-24.

trove-research.com

Turner, Guy; Helmke, Elyas; Tetteh-Wright, Teki Anna; Oraee, Atta; et al. (June 2021). Future Demand, Supply and Prices for Voluntary Carbon Credits – Keeping the Balance (PDF) (Report). UCL-Trove Research-Liebreich Associates. Page 2.
Turner, Guy; Helmke, Elyas; Tetteh-Wright, Teki Anna; Oraee, Atta; et al. (June 2021). Future Demand, Supply and Prices for Voluntary Carbon Credits – Keeping the Balance (PDF) (Report). UCL-Trove Research-Liebreich Associates. Page 3.

ucl.ac.uk

"Ten-fold increase in carbon offset cost predicted". University College London. 4 June 2021. Retrieved April 7, 2023.

unfccc.int

"Emissions Trading – UNFCCC". United Nations. Retrieved May 4, 2023.
"The Mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol". UNFCCC. Archived from the original on 2010-02-11. Retrieved 2010-01-27.
"The Clean Development Mechanism". United Nations - Climate Change. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
"International Emissions Trading". UNFCC. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
"The Clean Development Mechanism". UNFCC. Retrieved 2023-03-24.
https://unfccc.int/topics/land-use/workstreams/redd/what-is-redd

cdm.unfccc.int

"CDM: Designated Operational Entities (DOE)". cdm.unfccc.int. Retrieved 2023-12-20.

vatican.va

Pope Francis, Laudato si', paragraph 171, published 24 May 2015, accessed 21 April 2024

vcmintegrity.org

"VCMI Claims Code of Practice". VCMI. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

verra.org

"Methodologies". Verra. Retrieved 2023-03-24.

vox.com

Masie, Desné (2023-08-03). "Are carbon offsets all they're cracked up to be? We tracked one from Kenya to England to find out". Vox. Retrieved 2024-07-30.

wbur.org

"Mass Audubon 'Followed The Rules' And Earned Millions From Carbon Offsets. But Was It 'Real'?". www.wbur.org. 2021-05-15. Retrieved 2023-12-20.

web.archive.org

Hamrick, Kelley; Gallant, Melissa (May 2017). "Unlocking Potential: State of the Voluntary Carbon Markets 2017" (PDF). Forest Trends' Ecosystem Marketplace. p. 10. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-08-14. Retrieved 2019-01-29.
Periodicals that have covered this issue include:
Christian Science Monitor [1] Archived 2017-05-24 at the Wayback Machine
The Guardian [2], Archived 2023-01-20 at the Wayback Machine
Mother Jones [3] Archived 2008-12-17 at the Wayback Machine
The New York Times [4] Archived 2017-06-25 at the Wayback Machine.
Goodward, Jenna; Kelly, Alexia (August 2010). "Bottom Line on Offsets". World Resources Institute. Archived from the original on 2019-01-17. Retrieved 2010-09-08.
"Carbon offset". Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 11th Edition. Retrieved September 21, 2012 from CollinsDictionary.com. Archived from the original on October 4, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2012.
"What are Offsets?". Carbon Offset Research & Education. Archived from the original on 2019-11-21. Retrieved 2018-10-23.
"The Mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol". UNFCCC. Archived from the original on 2010-02-11. Retrieved 2010-01-27.
"Carbon Offsets after 2020: the World Under Paris". Carbon Offset Guide. Archived from the original on 2021-01-21. Retrieved 2020-12-30.
Greenfield, Patrick (24 November 2024). "Cop29's new carbon market rules offer hope after scandal and deadlock". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 24 November 2024.
Bashmakov, I.; et al., "6. Policies, Measures, and Instruments", 6.3 International Policies, Measures, and Instruments, archived from the original on 5 August 2009, in IPCC TAR WG3 2001 IPCC TAR WG3 (2001), Metz, B.; Davidson, O.; Swart, R.; Pan, J.; et al. (eds.), Climate Change 2001: Mitigation, Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-80769-2, archived from the original on 27 February 2017{{citation}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) (pb: 0-521-01502-2).
Hourcade, J.-C.; et al., "8. Global, Regional, and National Costs and Ancillary Benefits of Mitigation", 8.3.1 International Emissions Quota Trading Regimes, archived from the original on 11 January 2012, in IPCC TAR WG3 2001 IPCC TAR WG3 (2001), Metz, B.; Davidson, O.; Swart, R.; Pan, J.; et al. (eds.), Climate Change 2001: Mitigation, Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-80769-2, archived from the original on 27 February 2017{{citation}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) (pb: 0-521-01502-2).
"Cap and Trade: Key Terms Glossary" (PDF). Climate Change 101. Center for Climate and Energy Solutions. January 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-05. Retrieved 27 October 2014.
Grubb, M. (July–September 2003). "The Economics of the Kyoto Protocol" (PDF). World Economics. 4 (3): 143–189. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2010-03-25.
"Social Carbon profile on database of market governance mechanisms". United Kingdom. Archived from the original on 7 September 2018. Retrieved 25 Jan 2019.
"UNEP Risoe CDM/JI Pipeline Analysis and Database". UNEP Risoe Centre. 2010-02-01. Archived from the original on 2011-07-25. Retrieved 2010-02-22.
Regan, Courtney M.; Connor, Jeffery D. (2020). "The influence of crediting and permanence periods on Australian forest-based carbon offsets supply". Land Use Policy. 97: 104800. doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104800. S2CID 225204587. Archived from the original on 2021-04-16. Retrieved 2021-04-09 – via Elsevier Science Direct.
"Haubenschild Dairy Farm Digester". Archived from the original on 2015-07-30. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
"State of the Voluntary Carbon Markets 2017" (PDF). Forest Trends. Ecosystem Marketplace. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 14, 2020. Retrieved January 25, 2019.
"How Does Cogeneration Provide Heat and Power?". Scientific American. Archived from the original on 2019-11-27. Retrieved 2019-11-27.
"(PDF) Analysis and Optimization of Carbon Dioxide Emission Mitigation Options in the Cement Industry". Archived from the original on 2020-05-15. Retrieved 2020-03-28.
"CODEX". carboncodex.app. Archived from the original on 2020-05-14. Retrieved 2020-10-05.
"F-gases Emissions – Climate Change – US EPA". Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
Butler, Rhett (2012-07-27). "Deforestation". Mongabay. Archived from the original on 2019-01-29. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
"Our reforestation projects". Reforestaction. 14 May 2019. Archived from the original on 2020-05-15. Retrieved 2020-04-19.
"Tree planting projects for carbon offsetting in the UK". My Carbon Plan. Archived from the original on 2020-05-15. Retrieved 2020-04-19.
Bachulska, Alicja; Leonard, Mark; Oertel, Janka (2 July 2024). The Idea of China: Chinese Thinkers on Power, Progress, and People (EPUB). Berlin, Germany: European Council on Foreign Relations. p. 124. ISBN 978-1-916682-42-9. Archived from the original on 17 July 2024. Retrieved 22 July 2024.
Myles, Allen (September 2020). "The Oxford Principles for Net Zero Aligned Carbon Offsetting" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-10-02. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
"The SBTi Net Zero Criteria" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-07-26. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
Meredith, Sam (7 February 2022). "World's biggest companies accused of exaggerating their climate actions". CNBC. Archived from the original on November 14, 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
"Battle over carbon capture as tool to fight climate change". The Associated Press. 13 April 2022. Archived from the original on November 9, 2022. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
"Scientists urge end to fossil fuel use as landmark IPCC report readied". The Guardian. 3 April 2022. Archived from the original on November 22, 2022. Retrieved 11 June 2022.
Song, Lisa; Temple, James (29 April 2021). "The Climate Solution Actually Adding Millions of Tons of CO₂ Into the Atmosphere". ProPublica. Archived from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
Lisa Song; James Temple (10 May 2021). "Mass Audubon promised to preserve wildlife. Then it made millions claiming it could cut down trees". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
"FAQs | The Gold Standard". www.goldstandard.org. Archived from the original on 2014-02-16. Retrieved 2020-03-24.
Greenfield, Patrick (18 January 2023). "Revealed: more than 90% of rainforest carbon offsets by biggest certifier are worthless, analysis shows". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 14 February 2023. Retrieved 15 February 2023.

weforum.org

"Why we can't afford to dismiss carbon offsetting in a climate crisis". World Economic Forum. 22 April 2021. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

whitecase.com

"Integrity Of The Voluntary Carbon Market: Draft 'Core Carbon Principles' | White & Case LLP". www.whitecase.com. 26 September 2022. Retrieved 2023-03-29.

worldbank.org

openknowledge.worldbank.org

World Bank 2022, p. 35 State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2022. World Bank. 2022. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1895-0 (inactive 1 November 2024). hdl:10986/37455. ISBN 9781464818950. Retrieved 24 March 2023.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
World Bank 2022, p. 15 State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2022. World Bank. 2022. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1895-0 (inactive 1 November 2024). hdl:10986/37455. ISBN 9781464818950. Retrieved 24 March 2023.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2022. World Bank. 2022. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1895-0 (inactive 1 November 2024). hdl:10986/37455. ISBN 9781464818950. Retrieved 24 March 2023.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)

worldbank.org

"Climate Explainer: Article 6". World Bank. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
"Climate Explainer: Article 6". World Bank. Retrieved 2023-03-27.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Haya, Barbara K.; Evans, Samuel; Brown, Letty; Bukoski, Jacob; Butsic, Van; Cabiyo, Bodie; Jacobson, Rory; Kerr, Amber; Potts, Matthew; Sanchez, Daniel L. (2023-03-21). "Comprehensive review of carbon quantification by improved forest management offset protocols". Frontiers in Forests and Global Change. 6. Bibcode:2023FrFGC...6.8879H. doi:10.3389/ffgc.2023.958879. ISSN 2624-893X.
Greenfield, Patrick (2023-01-18). "Revealed: more than 90% of rainforest carbon offsets by biggest certifier are worthless, analysis shows". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-07-30.
Blake, Heidi (2023-10-16). "The Great Cash-for-Carbon Hustle". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Retrieved 2024-07-30.
Greenfield, Patrick (2023-08-24). "Carbon credit speculators could lose billions as offsets deemed worthless". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-07-30.
Cadman, Tim; Hales, Robert (2022-06-01). "COP26 and a Framework for Future Global Agreements on Carbon Market Integrity". The International Journal of Social Quality. 12 (1): 79–80. doi:10.3167/IJSQ.2022.120105. hdl:10072/422013. ISSN 1757-0344. S2CID 256659556.
Holger, Dieter (2023-01-17). "Many Companies Are Shying Away From Carbon Credits". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
"Carbon offsets used by major airlines based on flawed system, warn experts". the Guardian. 2021-05-04. Retrieved 2022-12-31.;Temple, L.; Song, J. (29 April 2021). "The Climate Solution Actually Adding Millions of Tons of CO₂ Into the Atmosphere". ProPublica. Retrieved 2022-12-31.;Astor, Maggie (2022-05-18). "Do Airline Climate Offsets Really Work? Here's the Good News, and the Bad". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-12-31.;Greenfield, Patrick (2023-01-18). "Revealed: more than 90% of rainforest carbon offsets by biggest certifier are worthless, analysis shows". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
Minas, Stephen (2022-07-03). "Market making for the planet: the Paris Agreement Article 6 decisions and transnational carbon markets*". Transnational Legal Theory. 13 (2–3): 287–320. doi:10.1080/20414005.2023.2174690. ISSN 2041-4005. S2CID 257001813.
Holger, Dieter (2023-01-17). "Many Companies Are Shying Away From Carbon Credits". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
Harvey, Fiona (2023-01-20). "New carbon offset standards 'should bring greater scrutiny'". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
Smith, Kevin (2007). The carbon neutral myth : offset indulgences for your climate sins. Oscar Reyes, Timothy Byakola, Carbon Trade Watch. Amsterdam: Transnational Institute. ISBN 978-90-71007-18-7. OCLC 778008109.
Andreoni, Manuela (2022-05-20). "Spot the greenwashing". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
Greenfield, Patrick (2023-05-30). "Delta Air Lines faces lawsuit over $1bn carbon neutrality claim". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-06-06.
Bjørn, Anders; Lloyd, Shannon M.; Brander, Matthew; Matthews, H. Damon (9 June 2022). "Renewable energy certificates threaten the integrity of corporate science-based targets". Nature Climate Change. 12 (6): 539–546. Bibcode:2022NatCC..12..539B. doi:10.1038/s41558-022-01379-5. hdl:20.500.11820/fd48d7fc-d354-4ed6-bc99-70e515a7b189. ISSN 1758-6798. S2CID 249524667.
Astor, Maggie (2022-05-18). "Do Airline Climate Offsets Really Work? Here's the Good News, and the Bad". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-12-31.
Fleischman, Forrest; Basant, Shishir; Chhatre, Ashwini; Coleman, Eric A; Fischer, Harry W; Gupta, Divya; Güneralp, Burak; Kashwan, Prakash; Khatri, Dil; Muscarella, Robert; Powers, Jennifer S; Ramprasad, Vijay; Rana, Pushpendra; Solorzano, Claudia Rodriguez; Veldman, Joseph W (2020-09-16). "Pitfalls of Tree Planting Show Why We Need People-Centered Natural Climate Solutions". BioScience. doi:10.1093/biosci/biaa094. ISSN 0006-3568.
Cadman, Tim; Hales, Robert (2022-06-01). "COP26 and a Framework for Future Global Agreements on Carbon Market Integrity". The International Journal of Social Quality. 12 (1): 85. doi:10.3167/IJSQ.2022.120105. hdl:10072/422013. ISSN 1757-0344.

worldcat.org

Smith, Kevin (2007). The carbon neutral myth : offset indulgences for your climate sins. Oscar Reyes, Timothy Byakola, Carbon Trade Watch. Amsterdam: Transnational Institute. ISBN 978-90-71007-18-7. OCLC 778008109.

wri.org

Goodward, Jenna; Kelly, Alexia (August 2010). "Bottom Line on Offsets". World Resources Institute. Archived from the original on 2019-01-17. Retrieved 2010-09-08.

wsj.com

Holger, Dieter (2023-01-17). "Many Companies Are Shying Away From Carbon Credits". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2023-03-29.
Holger, Dieter (2023-01-17). "Many Companies Are Shying Away From Carbon Credits". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2023-04-07.