Carlisle Indian Industrial School (English Wikipedia)

Fear-Segal, Jacqueline (1999). "Nineteenth-Century Indian Education: Universalism Versus Evolutionism". Journal of American Studies. 33 (2): 330. doi:10.1017/S002187589900612X.
Pratt (1979), p. 30.
Carmelita A. Ryan, "The Carlisle Indian Industrial School" (Thesis, Georgetown University, 1962), p. 67. Pratt, Richard Henry (1979) [1908]. The Indian Industrial School - Carlisle, Pennsylvania - Its origins, purposes, progress, and the difficulties surmounted. Carlisle, PA: Cumberland County Historical Society.

archive.today

"PHMC Historical Markers". Historical Marker Database. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. Archived from the original on December 7, 2013. Retrieved December 20, 2013.

books.google.com

Pratt (2003), pp. xi-xvi. Pratt, Richard Henry (2003). Battlefield and classroom: four decades with the American Indian, 1867–1904. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806136035.
Jenkins (2008), p. 57. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.
Witmer (1993), p. 3.
Pratt (2003), pp. 6–8. Witmer, Linda F. (1993). The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1879–1918. Carlisle PA: Cumberland County Historical Society. ISBN 978-0-9638923-0-0. Pratt, Richard Henry (2003). Battlefield and classroom: four decades with the American Indian, 1867–1904. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806136035.
Standing Bear (1975), pp. 136-8. Standing Bear, Luther (1975) [1928]. Brininstool, E.A. (ed.). My People the Sioux. illustrated, reprint. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803257931.
Standing Bear (1975), p. xii. Standing Bear, Luther (1975) [1928]. Brininstool, E.A. (ed.). My People the Sioux. illustrated, reprint. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803257931.
Pratt (2003), pp.222-4. Pratt, Richard Henry (2003). Battlefield and classroom: four decades with the American Indian, 1867–1904. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806136035.
Jenkins (2008), p. 216. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.
Jenkins (2008), p. 238. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.
Pratt (2003), p. 316 noted that, "We had the advantage of contacting and contending with our distinguished neighbor, Dickinson College, with its more than a century of success in developing strong and eminent men to fill the highest places in our national life." Pratt, Richard Henry (2003). Battlefield and classroom: four decades with the American Indian, 1867–1904. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806136035.
Charles Francis Himes, "The White Man's Way; Illustrated Talks on Scientific Subjects to "Indian Chiefs" on their Visits to the Carlisle Indian School." Read before the Historical Section of the Hamilton Library Association, Carlisle, PA. (Carlisle: Hamilton Library Association, 1916), 14.
See also "Charles Francis Himes (1838-1918)". Dickinson College - Archives & Special Collections.
Jenkins (2008), pp. 80-1. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.
Standing Bear (1975), p. 155. Standing Bear, Luther (1975) [1928]. Brininstool, E.A. (ed.). My People the Sioux. illustrated, reprint. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803257931.
Standing Bear (1975), pp. 154–5. Standing Bear, Luther (1975) [1928]. Brininstool, E.A. (ed.). My People the Sioux. illustrated, reprint. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803257931.
Standing Bear (1933), p. v. The program worked in the East, but not the West. Standing Bear, Luther (1933). Land of the Spotted Eagle. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0803258909.
Landis, Barbara. "Carlisle Indian Industrial School History".
Pratt (2003), pp. 275–6. Pratt, Richard Henry (2003). Battlefield and classroom: four decades with the American Indian, 1867–1904. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806136035.
Standing Bear (1975), p. 178. Standing Bear, Luther (1975) [1928]. Brininstool, E.A. (ed.). My People the Sioux. illustrated, reprint. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803257931.
Standing Bear (1975), p. 182. Standing Bear, Luther (1975) [1928]. Brininstool, E.A. (ed.). My People the Sioux. illustrated, reprint. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803257931.
Standing Bear (1975), p. 184. Standing Bear, Luther (1975) [1928]. Brininstool, E.A. (ed.). My People the Sioux. illustrated, reprint. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803257931.
"Gridiron Guts: The Story of Football's Carlisle Indians". npr. May 19, 2007.
Jenkins (2008), p. 198. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.
Jenkins (2008), pp. 2–6. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.
Jenkins (2008), p. 2. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.
Standing Bear (1975), p. 149. Standing Bear, Luther (1975) [1928]. Brininstool, E.A. (ed.). My People the Sioux. illustrated, reprint. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803257931.
Moses (1999), p. 133: "It was one thing to portray docile natives who had not progressed much since the late fifteenth century, but quite another matter to portray some of them as armed and dangerous." Indian Commissioner John H. Oberly explained in 1889: "The effect of traveling all over the country among, and associated with, the class of people usually accompanying shows, circuses and exhibitions, attended by all the immoral and unchristianizing surroundings incident to such a life, is not only most demoralizing to the present and future welfare of the Indian, but it creates a roaming and unsettled disposition and educates him in a manner entirely foreign and antagonistic to that which has been and now is the policy of the Government. Moses (1999), p. 69. Moses, Lester George (1999) [1996]. Wild West Shows and the Images of American Indians, 1883-1933. illustrated, reprint. Albuquerque NM: Univ. of New Mexico Press. ISBN 9780826320896. Moses, Lester George (1999) [1996]. Wild West Shows and the Images of American Indians, 1883-1933. illustrated, reprint. Albuquerque NM: Univ. of New Mexico Press. ISBN 9780826320896.
Parezo & Fowler (2007), p.6. Parezo, Nancy J.; Fowler, Don D. (2007). The 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition: Anthropology Goes to the Fair. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803213944.
Jenkins (2008), p. 82. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.
Jenkins (2008), p. 276. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.
Moses (1999), pp. 131, 140. Moses, Lester George (1999) [1996]. Wild West Shows and the Images of American Indians, 1883-1933. illustrated, reprint. Albuquerque NM: Univ. of New Mexico Press. ISBN 9780826320896.
Parezo & Fowler (2007), p. 6.
Moses (1999), pp. 137–8. Parezo, Nancy J.; Fowler, Don D. (2007). The 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition: Anthropology Goes to the Fair. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803213944. Moses, Lester George (1999) [1996]. Wild West Shows and the Images of American Indians, 1883-1933. illustrated, reprint. Albuquerque NM: Univ. of New Mexico Press. ISBN 9780826320896.
Indians performing included Oglala Lakotas from Pine Ridge Reservation with Cummins's Wild West Show and Brulé Lakotas from Rosebud Reservation with the Department of Anthropology. Parezo & Fowler (2007), p.131. Parezo, Nancy J.; Fowler, Don D. (2007). The 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition: Anthropology Goes to the Fair. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803213944.
Parezo & Fowler (2007), p. 134. Parezo, Nancy J.; Fowler, Don D. (2007). The 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition: Anthropology Goes to the Fair. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803213944.
Parezo & Fowler (2007), p. 135-6, 354, 459. J. McGee portrayed contrasting images of Native Americans and was critical of BIA programs destroying Native cultures and turning Indians into "counterfeit Caucasians." Parezo, Nancy J.; Fowler, Don D. (2007). The 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition: Anthropology Goes to the Fair. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803213944.
Parezo & Fowler (2007), p. 156. Parezo, Nancy J.; Fowler, Don D. (2007). The 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition: Anthropology Goes to the Fair. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803213944.
Pratt (2003), pp. xi-xv.
Standing Bear (1933), p. xx. Pratt, Richard Henry (2003). Battlefield and classroom: four decades with the American Indian, 1867–1904. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806136035. Standing Bear, Luther (1933). Land of the Spotted Eagle. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0803258909.
Jenkins (2008), pp. 216–7. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.
Pratt (2003), p. xv.
Standing Bear (1933), p. xx. Pratt, Richard Henry (2003). Battlefield and classroom: four decades with the American Indian, 1867–1904. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806136035. Standing Bear, Luther (1933). Land of the Spotted Eagle. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0803258909.
Ellinghaus, Katherine (2006). Taking Assimilations to Heart: Marriages of White Women and Indigenous Men in the United States and Australia, 1887-1937. Lincoln NE: University of Nebraska Press. pp. 38–40. ISBN 9780803257351. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
Standing Bear (1975), p. 189. Standing Bear, Luther (1975) [1928]. Brininstool, E.A. (ed.). My People the Sioux. illustrated, reprint. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803257931.
Zitkala-Sa (2003). Davidson, Cathy N.; Norris, Ada (eds.). American Indian Stories, Legends and Other Writings. Penguin Books. pp. 87–103. ISBN 978-0-14-243709-4.
Agonito (2011), p. 241. Agonito, Joseph (2011). Lakota Portraits: Lives of the Legendary Plains People. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9780762768295.
Standing Bear (1933), p. xx. Standing Bear, Luther (1933). Land of the Spotted Eagle. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0803258909.
Standing Bear (1975), p. xviii. Standing Bear, Luther (1975) [1928]. Brininstool, E.A. (ed.). My People the Sioux. illustrated, reprint. Univ. of Nebraska Press. ISBN 9780803257931.
Agonito (2011), p. 247. Agonito, Joseph (2011). Lakota Portraits: Lives of the Legendary Plains People. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9780762768295.
Witmer (1993), pp. 59, 89.
Jenkins (2008), p. 299. Witmer, Linda F. (1993). The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1879–1918. Carlisle PA: Cumberland County Historical Society. ISBN 978-0-9638923-0-0. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.
Witmer (1993), p. 89.
Jenkins (2008), p. 292. Witmer, Linda F. (1993). The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1879–1918. Carlisle PA: Cumberland County Historical Society. ISBN 978-0-9638923-0-0. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.
Witmer (1993), p. xvi.
Jenkins (2008), p. 198. Witmer, Linda F. (1993). The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1879–1918. Carlisle PA: Cumberland County Historical Society. ISBN 978-0-9638923-0-0. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.
Zitkala-Sa (2003). Davidson, Cathy N.; Norris, Ada (eds.). American Indian Stories, Legends and Other Writings. Penguin Books. ISBN 9780142437094. The policy of forbidding students to speak in their native tongue, as part of his "Kill the Indian in him, and save the man," provided the philosophical foundation of his program.
Hoffman (2012), p. 134. Hoffman, Elizabeth DeLaney, ed. (February 22, 2012). American Indians and Popular Culture. Two volumes. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313379918.
Hoffman (2012), p.120. Hoffman, Elizabeth DeLaney, ed. (February 22, 2012). American Indians and Popular Culture. Two volumes. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313379918.

carlisleindianschool.org

"Zitkala Sa (aka Gertrude Simmons) at Carlisle". Carlisle Indian School. Retrieved October 19, 2024.

danielnpaul.com

Witmer, Linda F. (2002). The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1879-1918. Carlisle PA: Cumberland County Historical Society.
Landis, Barbara. "Carlisle Indian Industrial School (1879-1918)".
Anderson, Stephanie (May 2000). "On Sacred Ground: Commemorating Survival and Loss at the Carlisle Indian School". Central PA Magazine.

dickinson.edu

carlisleindian.dickinson.edu

"Thomas Marshall Student Information Card". Retrieved October 19, 2024.
Leupp, Francis E. (May 4, 1905). "Improvement, Not Transformation". The Arrow. Vol. 1, no. 36. See also in epix.net.
Wasaquam, Isaiah. "Isaiah Wasaquam Student File". Carlisle Indian School Digital Resource Center. Retrieved April 19, 2017.
"Mary Welch Student File". Carlisle Indian Digital Resource Center. Retrieved April 18, 2017.
"Annual Report U.S. Indian School Carlisle PA" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 15, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2021.
"Mission | Carlisle Indian School Digital Resource Center". carlisleindian.dickinson.edu. Retrieved April 19, 2017.

wiki.dickinson.edu

Dr. James Andrew McCauley, Professor Charles Francis Himes, Dr. George Edward Reed, Stephen Baird and Joshua Lippincott fostered the relationship between the institutions through religious services, advisory meetings, lectures and commencement speeches. See "Influence from the Faculty at Dickinson".
"History of Conway Hall - Dickinson College Wiki". Dickinson.

chronicles.dickinson.edu

Witmer (1993), p. 115.
Laura Turner,"John Nicholas Choate and the Production of Photography at the Carlisle Indian School" at http://chronicles.dickinson.edu/studentwork/indian/4_choate.htm Witmer, Linda F. (1993). The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1879–1918. Carlisle PA: Cumberland County Historical Society. ISBN 978-0-9638923-0-0.
Phillip Earenfight. "Introduction". Chronicles of Dickinson University. Retrieved February 2, 2021.

archives.dickinson.edu

Charles Francis Himes, "The White Man's Way; Illustrated Talks on Scientific Subjects to "Indian Chiefs" on their Visits to the Carlisle Indian School." Read before the Historical Section of the Hamilton Library Association, Carlisle, PA. (Carlisle: Hamilton Library Association, 1916), 14.
See also "Charles Francis Himes (1838-1918)". Dickinson College - Archives & Special Collections.
Jenkins (2008), pp. 80-1. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.

doi.org

Fear-Segal, Jacqueline (1999). "Nineteenth-Century Indian Education: Universalism Versus Evolutionism". Journal of American Studies. 33 (2): 330. doi:10.1017/S002187589900612X.
Pratt (1979), p. 30.
Carmelita A. Ryan, "The Carlisle Indian Industrial School" (Thesis, Georgetown University, 1962), p. 67. Pratt, Richard Henry (1979) [1908]. The Indian Industrial School - Carlisle, Pennsylvania - Its origins, purposes, progress, and the difficulties surmounted. Carlisle, PA: Cumberland County Historical Society.
Financial difficulties, however, led the Bureau of Indian Affairs to withdraw its sponsorship and left the ethnological Indian Villages exhibit under the directorship of Frederick W. Putnam of Harvard's Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. Trennert, Robert A. (1987). "Selling Indian Education at World's Fairs and Expositions, 1893–1904". American Indian Quarterly. 11 (2). Univ. of Nebraska Press: 203–20. doi:10.2307/1184042. JSTOR 1184042.
Cahill, Cathleen (2008). ""You Think It Strange That I Can Love an Indian": Native Men, White Women, and Marriage in the Indian Service". Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies. 29 (2/3): 106–145. doi:10.1353/fro.0.0014. JSTOR 40071937. S2CID 162325934.
Davis, Julie (2001). "American Indian Boarding School Experiences: Recent Studies from Native Perspectives". OAH Magazine of History. 15 (2): 20–2. doi:10.1093/maghis/15.2.20. JSTOR 25163421.
Oshana, Maryann (1981). "Native American Women in Westerns: Reality and Myth". Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies. 6 (3): 46–50. doi:10.2307/3346212. JSTOR 3346212.

epix.net

home.epix.net

Landis, Barbara. "Carlisle Indian Industrial School History".
Pratt (2003), pp. 275–6. Pratt, Richard Henry (2003). Battlefield and classroom: four decades with the American Indian, 1867–1904. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806136035.
Leupp, Francis E. (May 4, 1905). "Improvement, Not Transformation". The Arrow. Vol. 1, no. 36. See also in epix.net.
"Charles Eastman as seen through the Carlisle Indian School Newspapers".
The total number of students is listed as 10,595, with 1,842 list of names and nation unknown. See Carlisle Indian School Tribal Enrollment Tally (1879-1918).
Witmer, Linda F. (2002). The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1879-1918. Carlisle PA: Cumberland County Historical Society.
Landis, Barbara. "Carlisle Indian Industrial School (1879-1918)".
Anderson, Stephanie (May 2000). "On Sacred Ground: Commemorating Survival and Loss at the Carlisle Indian School". Central PA Magazine.

ericgansworth.com

"Eric Gansworth". ericgansworth-new. Retrieved December 12, 2020.

filmsforaction.org

"Unseen Tears: A Documentary on Boarding School Survivors". Films for action. 2009.

indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com

Hunt, Darek. " BIA's Impact on Indian Education Is an Education in Bad Education." 30 Jan 2011. Retrieved 3 Nov 2013.

jstor.org

Financial difficulties, however, led the Bureau of Indian Affairs to withdraw its sponsorship and left the ethnological Indian Villages exhibit under the directorship of Frederick W. Putnam of Harvard's Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. Trennert, Robert A. (1987). "Selling Indian Education at World's Fairs and Expositions, 1893–1904". American Indian Quarterly. 11 (2). Univ. of Nebraska Press: 203–20. doi:10.2307/1184042. JSTOR 1184042.
Cahill, Cathleen (2008). ""You Think It Strange That I Can Love an Indian": Native Men, White Women, and Marriage in the Indian Service". Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies. 29 (2/3): 106–145. doi:10.1353/fro.0.0014. JSTOR 40071937. S2CID 162325934.
Davis, Julie (2001). "American Indian Boarding School Experiences: Recent Studies from Native Perspectives". OAH Magazine of History. 15 (2): 20–2. doi:10.1093/maghis/15.2.20. JSTOR 25163421.
Oshana, Maryann (1981). "Native American Women in Westerns: Reality and Myth". Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies. 6 (3): 46–50. doi:10.2307/3346212. JSTOR 3346212.

levinequerido.com

Gansworth, Eric (2020). Apple (Skin to the Core). Levine Querido. ISBN 9781646140138.

loc.gov

lccn.loc.gov

Eastman (1935), p. 77. Eastman, Elaine Goodale (1935). Pratt, the Red Man's Moses. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. LCCN 35021899.
Eastman (1935), p. 209.
Witmer (1993), p. 23. Eastman, Elaine Goodale (1935). Pratt, the Red Man's Moses. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. LCCN 35021899. Witmer, Linda F. (1993). The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1879–1918. Carlisle PA: Cumberland County Historical Society. ISBN 978-0-9638923-0-0.
Eastman (1935), p. 232. Eastman, Elaine Goodale (1935). Pratt, the Red Man's Moses. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. LCCN 35021899.
Eastman (1935), p. 216. Eastman, Elaine Goodale (1935). Pratt, the Red Man's Moses. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. LCCN 35021899.
Eastman (1935), p. 219. Eastman, Elaine Goodale (1935). Pratt, the Red Man's Moses. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. LCCN 35021899.
Eastman (1935), p. 225. Eastman, Elaine Goodale (1935). Pratt, the Red Man's Moses. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. LCCN 35021899.
Eastman (1935), p. 241. Eastman, Elaine Goodale (1935). Pratt, the Red Man's Moses. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. LCCN 35021899.
Eastman (1935), p. 212. Eastman, Elaine Goodale (1935). Pratt, the Red Man's Moses. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. LCCN 35021899.
Eastman (1935), p. 206. Eastman, Elaine Goodale (1935). Pratt, the Red Man's Moses. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. LCCN 35021899.

nationalbook.org

"Apple (Skin to the Core)". National Book Foundation. Retrieved December 12, 2020.

nativeheritageproject.com

Roberta Estes (September 25, 2013). "Chief American Horse, Sioux". Native Heritage Project. Retrieved February 2, 2021.

ncaa.com

Richmond, Sam (November 11, 2015). "Jim Thorpe leads Carlisle to upset of Harvard in 1911". National Collegiate Athletic Association. Retrieved August 29, 2018.

npr.org

"Gridiron Guts: The Story of Football's Carlisle Indians". npr. May 19, 2007.
Jenkins (2008), p. 198. Jenkins, Sally (2008). The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Broadway Books. ISBN 9780767926249.

nps.gov

npgallery.nps.gov

"National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
"Carlisle Indian- Industrial School National Historic Landmark" (PDF). National Park Service. p. 2/18. Retrieved October 17, 2024.

tps.cr.nps.gov

"Carlisle Indian School". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on May 29, 2009. Retrieved July 2, 2008.

pahistoricalmarkers.com

search.pahistoricalmarkers.com

"PHMC Historical Markers". Historical Marker Database. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. Archived from the original on December 7, 2013. Retrieved December 20, 2013.

proquest.com

search.proquest.com

Douglas, Ronald James (2010). Documenting ethnic cleansing in North America: Creating unseen tears (AAT 1482210) (M.F.A.). State University of New York at Buffalo. ProQuest 757916758.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Cahill, Cathleen (2008). ""You Think It Strange That I Can Love an Indian": Native Men, White Women, and Marriage in the Indian Service". Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies. 29 (2/3): 106–145. doi:10.1353/fro.0.0014. JSTOR 40071937. S2CID 162325934.

smithsonianmag.com

Binkovitz, Leah (January 16, 2013). "Who were the six Indian Chiefs in Teddy Roosevelt's Inaugural Parade?". smithsonianmag.com. "They were Quanah Parker of the Comanche, Buckskin Charlie from the Ute, Hollow Horn Bear and American Horse of the Sioux, Little Plume from the Blackfeet and the Apache warrior Geronimo. As they rode through the streets of Washington on horseback, despite criticism, Roosevelt applauded and waved his hat in appreciation."

thedickinsonian.com

Rush, Isabel. Ferrante, Disma (ed.). "Gone, but not Forgotten: The Children of the Carlisle Indian School Cemetery". The Dickinsonian - the student news site of Dickinson College. Retrieved October 19, 2024.

tombenjey.com

A week or so before the inauguration, six famous chiefs from formerly hostile tribes, arrived in Carlisle to head the school's contingent in the parade. But, before they left for Washington, there was much to do. First, they spoke to an assembly of students through interpreters. A dress rehearsal was held on the main street of Carlisle to practice for the parade. The "Carlisle Herald" predicted that the group would be one of the big parade's star attractions. Those marching in the parade were woken at 3:45 a.m., had breakfast at 4:30, and were the special train to Washington at 5:30. As the train rolled out of Carlisle, a heavy snow fell, but later the sun burned through, making for a fine day weather-wise. Fortunately, the travelers had lunch on the train because it was late in arriving in Washington. They were hurried into the last division of the Military Grand Division. Originally, they were to have been in the Civic Grand Division, but Gen. Chaffee transferred all cadets under arms to the military division, putting them in a separate brigade. "Carlisle Indian School - 1905 Inaugural Parade". Tom Benjey. 2009.
"Carlisle Indian School - 1905 Inaugural Parade". Tom Benjey. 2009.
Witmer (1993), p. 26. Witmer, Linda F. (1993). The Indian Industrial School, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1879–1918. Carlisle PA: Cumberland County Historical Society. ISBN 978-0-9638923-0-0.

umt.edu

etd.lib.umt.edu

Jane E. Simonsen. Making Home Work: Domesticity and Native American Assimilation. 2006: 203–208.
Shope, Suzanne Alene (2009). American Indian Artist Angel DeCora: Aesthetics, Power, and Transcultural Pedagogy in the Progressive Era (PDF) (Doctor of Education). The University of Montana. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 4, 2013.

unl.edu

digitalcommons.unl.edu

Rensink, Brenden (2011). "Genocide of Native Americans: Historical Facts and Historiographic Debates". University of Nebraska.

web.archive.org

"Carlisle Indian School". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on May 29, 2009. Retrieved July 2, 2008.
Jane E. Simonsen. Making Home Work: Domesticity and Native American Assimilation. 2006: 203–208.
Shope, Suzanne Alene (2009). American Indian Artist Angel DeCora: Aesthetics, Power, and Transcultural Pedagogy in the Progressive Era (PDF) (Doctor of Education). The University of Montana. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 4, 2013.
"Annual Report U.S. Indian School Carlisle PA" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 15, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2021.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Snyder, Christina (July 15, 2019). Great Crossings : Indians, Settlers, and Slaves in the Age of Jackson. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-005382-6. OCLC 1090279399.
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Public Welfare. Special Subcommittee on Indian Education. (1969). Indian education: a national tragedy, a national challenge. 1969 report of the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, United States Senate. U.S. Govt. Print. Off. OCLC 55389.
Annual Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs to the Secretary of the Interior for ... the year 1886. Forgotten Books. 2016. ISBN 9781333007492. OCLC 978555933.

worldcat.org

Snyder, Christina (July 15, 2019). Great Crossings : Indians, Settlers, and Slaves in the Age of Jackson. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-005382-6. OCLC 1090279399.