Carnitine (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Carnitine" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

31nih.gov

4^th place

21doi.org

2^nd place

4web.archive.org

1^st place

3semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

1oregonstate.edu

2,041^st place

1,331^st place

1drugs.com

399^th place

333^rd place

1lohmann-information.com

low place

1handle.net

102^nd place

76^th place

1harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

doi.org

Bremer J (October 1983). "Carnitine--metabolism and functions". Physiological Reviews. 63 (4): 1420–80. doi:10.1152/physrev.1983.63.4.1420. PMID 6361812.
Matsuoka M, Igisu H (July 1993). "Comparison of the effects of L-carnitine, D-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine on the neurotoxicity of ammonia". Biochemical Pharmacology. 46 (1): 159–64. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(93)90360-9. PMID 8347126.
Cox RA, Hoppel CL (December 1973). "Biosynthesis of carnitine and 4-N-trimethylaminobutyrate from 6-N-trimethyl-lysine". The Biochemical Journal. 136 (4): 1083–90. doi:10.1042/bj1361083. PMC 1166060. PMID 4786530.
Sawicka AK, Renzi G, Olek RA (September 2020). "The bright and the dark sides of L-carnitine supplementation: a systematic review". J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 17 (1): 49. doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00377-2. PMC 7507632. PMID 32958033.
Tars K, Rumnieks J, Zeltins A, Kazaks A, Kotelovica S, Leonciks A, et al. (August 2010). "Crystal structure of human gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 398 (4): 634–9. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.06.121. PMID 20599753.
Strijbis K, Vaz FM, Distel B (May 2010). "Enzymology of the carnitine biosynthesis pathway". IUBMB Life. 62 (5): 357–62. doi:10.1002/iub.323. PMID 20306513.
Flanagan JL, Simmons PA, Vehige J, Willcox MD, Garrett Q (April 2010). "Role of carnitine in disease". Nutrition & Metabolism. 7: 30. doi:10.1186/1743-7075-7-30. PMC 2861661. PMID 20398344.
Lombard KA, Olson AL, Nelson SE, Rebouche CJ (August 1989). "Carnitine status of lactoovovegetarians and strict vegetarian adults and children". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 50 (2): 301–6. doi:10.1093/ajcn/50.2.301. PMID 2756917.
Evans AM, Fornasini G (13 September 2012). "Pharmacokinetics of L-Carnitine". Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 42 (11). Springer: 941–967. doi:10.2165/00003088-200342110-00002. PMID 12908852.
Mielgo-Ayuso J, Pietrantonio L, Viribay A, Calleja-González J, González-Bernal J, Fernández-Lázaro D (December 2021). "Effect of Acute and Chronic Oral l-Carnitine Supplementation on Exercise Performance Based on the Exercise Intensity: A Systematic Review". Nutrients. 13 (12): 4359. doi:10.3390/nu13124359. PMC 8704793. PMID 34959912.
Nutrients Editorial Office (April 2018). "Erratum: l-Carnitine Supplementation in Recovery after Exercise; Nutrients 2018, 10, 349". Nutrients. 10 (5): 541. doi:10.3390/nu10050541. PMC 5986421. PMID 29701693.
Gnoni A, Longo S, Gnoni GV, Giudetti AM (January 2020). "Carnitine in Human Muscle Bioenergetics: Can Carnitine Supplementation Improve Physical Exercise?". Molecules. 25 (1): 182. doi:10.3390/molecules25010182. PMC 6982879. PMID 31906370.
Collins J, Maughan RJ, Gleeson M, Bilsborough J, Jeukendrup A, Morton JP, Phillips SM, Armstrong L, Burke LM, Close GL, Duffield R, Larson-Meyer E, Louis J, Medina D, Meyer F, Rollo I, Sundgot-Borgen J, Wall BT, Boullosa B, Dupont G, Lizarraga A, Res P, Bizzini M, Castagna C, Cowie CM, D'Hooghe M, Geyer H, Meyer T, Papadimitriou N, Vouillamoz M, McCall A (April 2021). "UEFA expert group statement on nutrition in elite football. Current evidence to inform practical recommendations and guide future research". Br J Sports Med. 55 (8): 416. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-101961. hdl:10453/151474. PMID 33097528. S2CID 225058557.
Karlic H, Lohninger A (2004). "Supplementation of L-carnitine in athletes: does it make sense?". Nutrition. 20 (7–8): 709–15. doi:10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.003. PMID 15212755.
Jeukendrup AE, Randell R (October 2011). "Fat burners: nutrition supplements that increase fat metabolism". Obes Rev. 12 (10): 841–51. doi:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00908.x. PMID 21951331. S2CID 29708762.
Pekala J, Patkowska-Sokoła B, Bodkowski R, Jamroz D, Nowakowski P, Lochyński S, Librowski T (September 2011). "L-carnitine--metabolic functions and meaning in humans life". Curr Drug Metab. 12 (7): 667–78. doi:10.2174/138920011796504536. PMID 21561431.
Shang R, Sun Z, Li H (July 2014). "Effective dosing of ʟ-carnitine in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis". BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. 14: 88. doi:10.1186/1471-2261-14-88. PMC 4223629. PMID 25044037.
Huang H, Song L, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhao W (1 January 2013). "Influence of ʟ-carnitine supplementation on serum lipid profile in hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Kidney & Blood Pressure Research. 38 (1): 31–41. doi:10.1159/000355751. PMID 24525835.
Bene J, Hadzsiev K, Melegh B (March 2018). "Role of carnitine and its derivatives in the development and management of type 2 diabetes". Nutrition & Diabetes. 8 (1): 8. doi:10.1038/s41387-018-0017-1. PMC 5856836. PMID 29549241.
Chen Y, Abbate M, Tang L, Cai G, Gong Z, Wei R, Zhou J, Chen X (February 2014). "ʟ-Carnitine supplementation for adults with end-stage kidney disease requiring maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 99 (2): 408–22. doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.062802. PMID 24368434.
Rebouche CJ (2004). "Kinetics, pharmacokinetics, and regulation of ʟ-carnitine and acetyl-ʟ-carnitine metabolism". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1033 (1): 30–41. Bibcode:2004NYASA1033...30R. doi:10.1196/annals.1320.003. PMID 15591001. S2CID 24803029.

drugs.com

"L-carnitine: Uses, benefits and dosage". Drugs.com. 2020-01-20. Archived from the original on 2020-10-31. Retrieved 2020-04-29.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Collins J, Maughan RJ, Gleeson M, Bilsborough J, Jeukendrup A, Morton JP, Phillips SM, Armstrong L, Burke LM, Close GL, Duffield R, Larson-Meyer E, Louis J, Medina D, Meyer F, Rollo I, Sundgot-Borgen J, Wall BT, Boullosa B, Dupont G, Lizarraga A, Res P, Bizzini M, Castagna C, Cowie CM, D'Hooghe M, Geyer H, Meyer T, Papadimitriou N, Vouillamoz M, McCall A (April 2021). "UEFA expert group statement on nutrition in elite football. Current evidence to inform practical recommendations and guide future research". Br J Sports Med. 55 (8): 416. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-101961. hdl:10453/151474. PMID 33097528. S2CID 225058557.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Rebouche CJ (2004). "Kinetics, pharmacokinetics, and regulation of ʟ-carnitine and acetyl-ʟ-carnitine metabolism". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1033 (1): 30–41. Bibcode:2004NYASA1033...30R. doi:10.1196/annals.1320.003. PMID 15591001. S2CID 24803029.

lohmann-information.com

Harmeyer J (2002). "The physiological role of L-carnitine" (PDF). Lohman Information. 15–21 (27).

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Bremer J (October 1983). "Carnitine--metabolism and functions". Physiological Reviews. 63 (4): 1420–80. doi:10.1152/physrev.1983.63.4.1420. PMID 6361812.
Matsuoka M, Igisu H (July 1993). "Comparison of the effects of L-carnitine, D-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine on the neurotoxicity of ammonia". Biochemical Pharmacology. 46 (1): 159–64. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(93)90360-9. PMID 8347126.
Cox RA, Hoppel CL (December 1973). "Biosynthesis of carnitine and 4-N-trimethylaminobutyrate from 6-N-trimethyl-lysine". The Biochemical Journal. 136 (4): 1083–90. doi:10.1042/bj1361083. PMC 1166060. PMID 4786530.
Sawicka AK, Renzi G, Olek RA (September 2020). "The bright and the dark sides of L-carnitine supplementation: a systematic review". J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 17 (1): 49. doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00377-2. PMC 7507632. PMID 32958033.
Tars K, Rumnieks J, Zeltins A, Kazaks A, Kotelovica S, Leonciks A, et al. (August 2010). "Crystal structure of human gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 398 (4): 634–9. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.06.121. PMID 20599753.
Strijbis K, Vaz FM, Distel B (May 2010). "Enzymology of the carnitine biosynthesis pathway". IUBMB Life. 62 (5): 357–62. doi:10.1002/iub.323. PMID 20306513.
Flanagan JL, Simmons PA, Vehige J, Willcox MD, Garrett Q (April 2010). "Role of carnitine in disease". Nutrition & Metabolism. 7: 30. doi:10.1186/1743-7075-7-30. PMC 2861661. PMID 20398344.
Lombard KA, Olson AL, Nelson SE, Rebouche CJ (August 1989). "Carnitine status of lactoovovegetarians and strict vegetarian adults and children". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 50 (2): 301–6. doi:10.1093/ajcn/50.2.301. PMID 2756917.
Evans AM, Fornasini G (13 September 2012). "Pharmacokinetics of L-Carnitine". Clinical Pharmacokinetics. 42 (11). Springer: 941–967. doi:10.2165/00003088-200342110-00002. PMID 12908852.
Mielgo-Ayuso J, Pietrantonio L, Viribay A, Calleja-González J, González-Bernal J, Fernández-Lázaro D (December 2021). "Effect of Acute and Chronic Oral l-Carnitine Supplementation on Exercise Performance Based on the Exercise Intensity: A Systematic Review". Nutrients. 13 (12): 4359. doi:10.3390/nu13124359. PMC 8704793. PMID 34959912.
Nutrients Editorial Office (April 2018). "Erratum: l-Carnitine Supplementation in Recovery after Exercise; Nutrients 2018, 10, 349". Nutrients. 10 (5): 541. doi:10.3390/nu10050541. PMC 5986421. PMID 29701693.
Gnoni A, Longo S, Gnoni GV, Giudetti AM (January 2020). "Carnitine in Human Muscle Bioenergetics: Can Carnitine Supplementation Improve Physical Exercise?". Molecules. 25 (1): 182. doi:10.3390/molecules25010182. PMC 6982879. PMID 31906370.
Collins J, Maughan RJ, Gleeson M, Bilsborough J, Jeukendrup A, Morton JP, Phillips SM, Armstrong L, Burke LM, Close GL, Duffield R, Larson-Meyer E, Louis J, Medina D, Meyer F, Rollo I, Sundgot-Borgen J, Wall BT, Boullosa B, Dupont G, Lizarraga A, Res P, Bizzini M, Castagna C, Cowie CM, D'Hooghe M, Geyer H, Meyer T, Papadimitriou N, Vouillamoz M, McCall A (April 2021). "UEFA expert group statement on nutrition in elite football. Current evidence to inform practical recommendations and guide future research". Br J Sports Med. 55 (8): 416. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-101961. hdl:10453/151474. PMID 33097528. S2CID 225058557.
Karlic H, Lohninger A (2004). "Supplementation of L-carnitine in athletes: does it make sense?". Nutrition. 20 (7–8): 709–15. doi:10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.003. PMID 15212755.
Jeukendrup AE, Randell R (October 2011). "Fat burners: nutrition supplements that increase fat metabolism". Obes Rev. 12 (10): 841–51. doi:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00908.x. PMID 21951331. S2CID 29708762.
Pekala J, Patkowska-Sokoła B, Bodkowski R, Jamroz D, Nowakowski P, Lochyński S, Librowski T (September 2011). "L-carnitine--metabolic functions and meaning in humans life". Curr Drug Metab. 12 (7): 667–78. doi:10.2174/138920011796504536. PMID 21561431.
Shang R, Sun Z, Li H (July 2014). "Effective dosing of ʟ-carnitine in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis". BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. 14: 88. doi:10.1186/1471-2261-14-88. PMC 4223629. PMID 25044037.
Huang H, Song L, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhao W (1 January 2013). "Influence of ʟ-carnitine supplementation on serum lipid profile in hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Kidney & Blood Pressure Research. 38 (1): 31–41. doi:10.1159/000355751. PMID 24525835.
Bene J, Hadzsiev K, Melegh B (March 2018). "Role of carnitine and its derivatives in the development and management of type 2 diabetes". Nutrition & Diabetes. 8 (1): 8. doi:10.1038/s41387-018-0017-1. PMC 5856836. PMID 29549241.
Chen Y, Abbate M, Tang L, Cai G, Gong Z, Wei R, Zhou J, Chen X (February 2014). "ʟ-Carnitine supplementation for adults with end-stage kidney disease requiring maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 99 (2): 408–22. doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.062802. PMID 24368434.
Rebouche CJ (2004). "Kinetics, pharmacokinetics, and regulation of ʟ-carnitine and acetyl-ʟ-carnitine metabolism". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1033 (1): 30–41. Bibcode:2004NYASA1033...30R. doi:10.1196/annals.1320.003. PMID 15591001. S2CID 24803029.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Cox RA, Hoppel CL (December 1973). "Biosynthesis of carnitine and 4-N-trimethylaminobutyrate from 6-N-trimethyl-lysine". The Biochemical Journal. 136 (4): 1083–90. doi:10.1042/bj1361083. PMC 1166060. PMID 4786530.
Sawicka AK, Renzi G, Olek RA (September 2020). "The bright and the dark sides of L-carnitine supplementation: a systematic review". J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 17 (1): 49. doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00377-2. PMC 7507632. PMID 32958033.
Flanagan JL, Simmons PA, Vehige J, Willcox MD, Garrett Q (April 2010). "Role of carnitine in disease". Nutrition & Metabolism. 7: 30. doi:10.1186/1743-7075-7-30. PMC 2861661. PMID 20398344.
Mielgo-Ayuso J, Pietrantonio L, Viribay A, Calleja-González J, González-Bernal J, Fernández-Lázaro D (December 2021). "Effect of Acute and Chronic Oral l-Carnitine Supplementation on Exercise Performance Based on the Exercise Intensity: A Systematic Review". Nutrients. 13 (12): 4359. doi:10.3390/nu13124359. PMC 8704793. PMID 34959912.
Nutrients Editorial Office (April 2018). "Erratum: l-Carnitine Supplementation in Recovery after Exercise; Nutrients 2018, 10, 349". Nutrients. 10 (5): 541. doi:10.3390/nu10050541. PMC 5986421. PMID 29701693.
Gnoni A, Longo S, Gnoni GV, Giudetti AM (January 2020). "Carnitine in Human Muscle Bioenergetics: Can Carnitine Supplementation Improve Physical Exercise?". Molecules. 25 (1): 182. doi:10.3390/molecules25010182. PMC 6982879. PMID 31906370.
Shang R, Sun Z, Li H (July 2014). "Effective dosing of ʟ-carnitine in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis". BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. 14: 88. doi:10.1186/1471-2261-14-88. PMC 4223629. PMID 25044037.
Bene J, Hadzsiev K, Melegh B (March 2018). "Role of carnitine and its derivatives in the development and management of type 2 diabetes". Nutrition & Diabetes. 8 (1): 8. doi:10.1038/s41387-018-0017-1. PMC 5856836. PMID 29549241.

ods.od.nih.gov

"Carnitine". Office of Dietary Supplements, US National Institutes of Health. 2017-10-10. Archived from the original on 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2020-04-29.

pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

"Levocarnitine". PubChem, National Library of Medicine, US National Institutes of Health. 2020-04-25. Archived from the original on 2020-08-07. Retrieved 2020-04-29.

oregonstate.edu

lpi.oregonstate.edu

"L-Carnitine". Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. 2019-12-01. Archived from the original on 2020-11-26. Retrieved 2020-04-29.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Collins J, Maughan RJ, Gleeson M, Bilsborough J, Jeukendrup A, Morton JP, Phillips SM, Armstrong L, Burke LM, Close GL, Duffield R, Larson-Meyer E, Louis J, Medina D, Meyer F, Rollo I, Sundgot-Borgen J, Wall BT, Boullosa B, Dupont G, Lizarraga A, Res P, Bizzini M, Castagna C, Cowie CM, D'Hooghe M, Geyer H, Meyer T, Papadimitriou N, Vouillamoz M, McCall A (April 2021). "UEFA expert group statement on nutrition in elite football. Current evidence to inform practical recommendations and guide future research". Br J Sports Med. 55 (8): 416. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-101961. hdl:10453/151474. PMID 33097528. S2CID 225058557.
Jeukendrup AE, Randell R (October 2011). "Fat burners: nutrition supplements that increase fat metabolism". Obes Rev. 12 (10): 841–51. doi:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00908.x. PMID 21951331. S2CID 29708762.
Rebouche CJ (2004). "Kinetics, pharmacokinetics, and regulation of ʟ-carnitine and acetyl-ʟ-carnitine metabolism". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1033 (1): 30–41. Bibcode:2004NYASA1033...30R. doi:10.1196/annals.1320.003. PMID 15591001. S2CID 24803029.

web.archive.org

"L-Carnitine". Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR. 2019-12-01. Archived from the original on 2020-11-26. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
"Carnitine". Office of Dietary Supplements, US National Institutes of Health. 2017-10-10. Archived from the original on 2020-11-24. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
"L-carnitine: Uses, benefits and dosage". Drugs.com. 2020-01-20. Archived from the original on 2020-10-31. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
"Levocarnitine". PubChem, National Library of Medicine, US National Institutes of Health. 2020-04-25. Archived from the original on 2020-08-07. Retrieved 2020-04-29.