Heiken, Grant; Funiciello, Renato; and de Rita, Donatella (2005). The Seven Hills of Rome: A Geological Tour of the Eternal City. Princeton University Press (published 2013). p. 42. ISBN9781400849376. Retrieved 2016-01-31. Underground Roman stone quarries and catacombs were excavated, mostly in tufa deposits, in and around Rome.
Rutgers, L.V.; van Strydonck, M.; Boudin, M.; van der Linde, C. (May 2009). "Stable isotope data from the early Christian catacombs of ancient Rome: new insights into the dietary habits of Rome's early Christians". Journal of Archaeological Science. 36 (5): 1127–1134. Bibcode:2009JArSc..36.1127R. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2008.12.015.
Rutgers, L.V.; van Strydonck, M.; Boudin, M.; van der Linde, C. (May 2009). "Stable isotope data from the early Christian catacombs of ancient Rome: new insights into the dietary habits of Rome's early Christians". Journal of Archaeological Science. 36 (5): 1127–1134. Bibcode:2009JArSc..36.1127R. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2008.12.015.