Chess (English Wikipedia)

Regan, Kenneth; Haworth, Guy (4 August 2011). "Intrinsic Chess Ratings". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 25 (1): 834–839. doi:10.1609/aaai.v25i1.7951. ISSN 2374-3468. S2CID 15489049. Archived from the original on 20 April 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2021.

academia.edu (Global: 121^st place; English: 142^nd place)

Bakker, Hans T. (2017). The Huns in Central and South Asia. How Two Centuries of War against Nomadic Invaders from the Steps are Concluded by a Game of Chess between the Kings of India and Iran. Archived from the original on 20 March 2022. Retrieved 21 November 2021.
Eiland, Murray (2013). "Some Problems of Islamic Heraldry". The Armiger's News. 35 (2): 1–5. Archived from the original on 3 February 2023. Retrieved 27 December 2022 – via academia.edu.

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"The match of the century". Adam Smith Institute. September 2019. Archived from the original on 8 September 2021. Retrieved 8 September 2021.

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From "Laws Historic". Chess Arbiters' Association. Archived from the original on 6 July 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2022.: "FIDE Laws of Chess - coming into force on 1 July 2009" (PDF). Chess Arbiters' Association. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2020.

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uscf1-nyc1.aodhosting.com

Dubois, Joan (September 1991). "Golden Knights in Review" (PDF). Chess Life. Vol. 46, no. 9. pp. 40–45 – via US Chess Federation.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Murray (1985), p. 25 Murray, H.J.R. (1985) [First pub. 1913 by Oxford University Press]. A History of Chess. Northampton, Mass.: Benjamin Press. ISBN 978-0-936317-01-4. OCLC 13472872.
Burgess, Nunn & Emms (2004), pp. 14–15 Burgess, Graham; Nunn, John; Emms, John (2004). The Mammoth Book of the World's Greatest Chess Games (2nd ed.). New York: Carroll & Graf. ISBN 978-0-7867-1411-7.
Murray (1985), pp. 169–174 Murray, H.J.R. (1985) [First pub. 1913 by Oxford University Press]. A History of Chess. Northampton, Mass.: Benjamin Press. ISBN 978-0-936317-01-4. OCLC 13472872.
Murray (1985), pp. 26–27, 51–52 Murray, H.J.R. (1985) [First pub. 1913 by Oxford University Press]. A History of Chess. Northampton, Mass.: Benjamin Press. ISBN 978-0-936317-01-4. OCLC 13472872.
Murray (1985), p. 163 Murray, H.J.R. (1985) [First pub. 1913 by Oxford University Press]. A History of Chess. Northampton, Mass.: Benjamin Press. ISBN 978-0-936317-01-4. OCLC 13472872.
Murray (1985), pp. 457–459 Murray, H.J.R. (1985) [First pub. 1913 by Oxford University Press]. A History of Chess. Northampton, Mass.: Benjamin Press. ISBN 978-0-936317-01-4. OCLC 13472872.
Murray (1985), p. 777 Murray, H.J.R. (1985) [First pub. 1913 by Oxford University Press]. A History of Chess. Northampton, Mass.: Benjamin Press. ISBN 978-0-936317-01-4. OCLC 13472872.
David Shenk (2007). The Immortal Game: A History of Chess. Knopf Doubleday. p. 99. ISBN 9780385510103.
Hartston (1985), p. 36 Hartston, William R. (1985). The Kings of Chess. New York: Pavilion Books. ISBN 978-0-06-015358-8.
Burgess, Nunn & Emms (2004), p. 14 Burgess, Graham; Nunn, John; Emms, John (2004). The Mammoth Book of the World's Greatest Chess Games (2nd ed.). New York: Carroll & Graf. ISBN 978-0-7867-1411-7.
Olmert (1996), p. 127 Olmert, Michael (1996). Milton's Teeth and Ovid's Umbrella: Curiouser & Curiouser Adventures in History. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-80164-3.
Murray (1985), pp. 166–167, 410 Murray, H.J.R. (1985) [First pub. 1913 by Oxford University Press]. A History of Chess. Northampton, Mass.: Benjamin Press. ISBN 978-0-936317-01-4. OCLC 13472872.
Franklin (2003) [1786], p. 289 Franklin, Benjamin (2003) [1779]. A Benjamin Franklin Reader. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. [1]. ISBN 978-0-7432-5782-4. Retrieved 12 December 2010.
"Western culture regards Chess as a particular game with a particular set of rules governed by an international authority (FIDE – the Fédération Internationale des Echecs). Variously known as International Chess, World Chess, Orthochess, and so on [...]" Parlett (1999), p. 276 Parlett, David (1999). The Oxford History of Board Games. Oxford University Press Inc. ISBN 978-0-19-212998-7.
Schmittberger, R. Wayne (1992). New Rules for Classic Games. John Wiley & Sons Inc. p. 186. ISBN 978-0-471-53621-5. The form of chess most people know – which is sometimes referred to as Western chess, orthodox chess, or orthochess – is itself just one of many that have been played throughout history.
Pritchard details 1,450 of them in Pritchard, D.B. (1994). The Encyclopedia of Chess Variants. Games & Puzzles Publications. ISBN 978-0-9524142-0-9. "Of these, about half date from between 700 and 1970 (1,200 years!), half from the last quarter of the twentieth century." Parlett (1999), p. 312 Parlett, David (1999). The Oxford History of Board Games. Oxford University Press Inc. ISBN 978-0-19-212998-7.

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E. Gordon Duff (1907). "§3. The first book printed in English — "The Recuyell of the Histories of Troy"". XIII. The Introduction of Printing into England and the Early Work of the Press. Vol. 2. The End of the Middle Ages. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature: An Encyclopedia in Eighteen Volumes. 1907–21. Archived from the original on 15 August 2022. Retrieved 29 December 2022 – via Bartleby.

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Gobet, F. & Campitelli, G. (2007). "The role of domain-specific practice, handedness and starting age in chess" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2007. (196 KB) Developmental Psychology, 43, 159–72. Both retrieved 2007-07-15.

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Metzner (1998) Metzner, Paul (1998). Crescendo of the Virtuoso: Spectacle, Skill, and Self-Promotion in Paris during the Age of Revolution. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-20684-7. OCLC 185289629. Archived from the original on 6 July 2010. Retrieved 28 August 2010.

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John Nunn (12 May 2015). "Longest dual-free direct mate problem". Chessbase.com. Retrieved 30 January 2025.
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Negri, Sergio Ernesto (16 March 2020). "Scachs d'amor: The poem that first portrayed the modern rules of chess". ChessBase. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 9 November 2021.
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"Francesco di Castellvi vs. Narciso Vinyoles (1475) "Old in Chess"". Chessgames.com. Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
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This is stated in The Encyclopaedia of Chess (1970, p. 223) by Anne Sunnucks, but is disputed by Edward Winter (chess historian) in his Chess Notes 5144 and 5152.

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Shannon, Claude E. XXII. Programming a Computer for Playing Chess. Philosophical Magazine, Ser. 7, Vol. 41, No. 314 – March 1950. Available online at "computerhistory.org" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2010. (175 KB) Retrieved 6 December 2006.

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Regan, Kenneth; Haworth, Guy (4 August 2011). "Intrinsic Chess Ratings". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 25 (1): 834–839. doi:10.1609/aaai.v25i1.7951. ISSN 2374-3468. S2CID 15489049. Archived from the original on 20 April 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
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Grabner, Stern & Neubauer (2007), pp. 398–420 Grabner, RH; Stern, E; Neubauer, AC (March 2007). "Individual differences in chess expertise: A psychometric investigation". Acta Psychologica. 124 (3): 398–420. doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2006.07.008. PMID 16942740.
Robbins et al. (1996), pp. 83–93 Robbins, T.W.; Anderson, E.J.; Barker, D.R.; Bradley, A.C.; Fearnyhough, C.; Henson, R.; Hudson, S.R.; Baddeley, A.D. (1996). "Working Memory in Chess". Memory & Cognition. 24 (1): 83–93. doi:10.3758/BF03197274. PMID 8822160. S2CID 14009447.
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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Grabner, Stern & Neubauer (2007), pp. 398–420 Grabner, RH; Stern, E; Neubauer, AC (March 2007). "Individual differences in chess expertise: A psychometric investigation". Acta Psychologica. 124 (3): 398–420. doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2006.07.008. PMID 16942740.
Robbins et al. (1996), pp. 83–93 Robbins, T.W.; Anderson, E.J.; Barker, D.R.; Bradley, A.C.; Fearnyhough, C.; Henson, R.; Hudson, S.R.; Baddeley, A.D. (1996). "Working Memory in Chess". Memory & Cognition. 24 (1): 83–93. doi:10.3758/BF03197274. PMID 8822160. S2CID 14009447.
Macnamara, Brooke N.; Maitra, Megha (21 August 2019). "The role of deliberate practice in expert performance: revisiting Ericsson, Krampe & Tesch-Römer (1993)". Royal Society Open Science. 6 (8): 190327. doi:10.1177/0963721411421922. PMC 6731745. PMID 31598236. S2CID 190327.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Macnamara, Brooke N.; Maitra, Megha (21 August 2019). "The role of deliberate practice in expert performance: revisiting Ericsson, Krampe & Tesch-Römer (1993)". Royal Society Open Science. 6 (8): 190327. doi:10.1177/0963721411421922. PMC 6731745. PMID 31598236. S2CID 190327.

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