Cigarette filter (English Wikipedia)

Leonard M. Schuman (1977), "Patterns of Smoking Behavior", in Murray E. Jarvik; Joseph W. Cullen; Ellen R. Gritz; Thomas M. Vogt; Louis Jolyon West (eds.), Research on Smoking Behavior (PDF), NIDA Research Monograph, vol. 17, pp. 36–65, archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2015, retrieved 21 October 2015
Lynn T. Kozlowski (1983), "Physical Indicators of Actual Tar and Nicotine Yields of Cigarettes", in John Grabowski; Catherine S. Bell (eds.), Measurement in the Analysis and Treatment of Smoking Behavior (PDF), NIDA Research Monograph, vol. 48, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, pp. 50–61, PMID 6443144, archived from the original (PDF) on 17 October 2016, retrieved 29 March 2016

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Moriwaki, Hiroshi; Kitajima, Shiori; Katahira, Kenshi (2009). "Waste on the roadside, 'poi-sute' waste: Its distribution and elution potential of pollutants into environment". Waste Management. 29 (3): 1192–1197. Bibcode:2009WaMan..29.1192M. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2008.08.017. hdl:10091/3192. PMID 18851907.

environmentalhealthnews.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"No more butts: biodegradable filters a step to boot litter problem". Environmental Health News. 14 August 2012. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2014.

handle.net (Global: 102^nd place; English: 76^th place)

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Moriwaki, Hiroshi; Kitajima, Shiori; Katahira, Kenshi (2009). "Waste on the roadside, 'poi-sute' waste: Its distribution and elution potential of pollutants into environment". Waste Management. 29 (3): 1192–1197. Bibcode:2009WaMan..29.1192M. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2008.08.017. hdl:10091/3192. PMID 18851907.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

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Yadav, Nisha; Hakkarainen, Minna (2021). "Degradable or not? Cellulose acetate as a model for complicated interplay between structure, environment and degradation". Chemosphere. 265 128731. Bibcode:2021Chmsp.26528731Y. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128731. PMID 33127118.
Moriwaki, Hiroshi; Kitajima, Shiori; Katahira, Kenshi (2009). "Waste on the roadside, 'poi-sute' waste: Its distribution and elution potential of pollutants into environment". Waste Management. 29 (3): 1192–1197. Bibcode:2009WaMan..29.1192M. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2008.08.017. hdl:10091/3192. PMID 18851907.
Fang P, Konyali D, Fischer E, Mayer RP, Huang J, Elena AX, Orzechowski GH, Tony-Odigie A, Kneis D, Dalpke A, Krebs P, Li B, Berendonk TU, Klümper U (2025). "Effects of cigarette-derived compounds on the spread of antimicrobial resistance in artificial human lung sputum medium, simulated environmental media and wastewater". Environmental Health Perspectives. 133 (3–4): 047003. Bibcode:2025EnvHP.133d7003F. doi:10.1289/EHP14704. PMC 11980918. PMID 40032488.
Minzae L, Gil-Pyo K, Hyeon DS, Soomin P, Jongheop Y (2014). "Preparation of energy storage material derived from a used cigarette filter for a supercapacitor electrode". Nanotechnology. 25 (34): 34. Bibcode:2014Nanot..25H5601L. doi:10.1088/0957-4484/25/34/345601. PMID 25092115. S2CID 8692351.

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Harris, Bradford (1 May 2011). "The intractable cigarette 'filter problem'". Tobacco Control. 20 (Suppl 1): –10–i16. doi:10.1136/tc.2010.040113. eISSN 1468-3318. ISSN 0964-4563. PMC 3088411. PMID 21504917.
Lynn T. Kozlowski (1983), "Physical Indicators of Actual Tar and Nicotine Yields of Cigarettes", in John Grabowski; Catherine S. Bell (eds.), Measurement in the Analysis and Treatment of Smoking Behavior (PDF), NIDA Research Monograph, vol. 48, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, pp. 50–61, PMID 6443144, archived from the original (PDF) on 17 October 2016, retrieved 29 March 2016
Novotny TE, Lum K, Smith E, et al. (2009). "Cigarettes butts and the case for an environmental policy on hazardous cigarette waste". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 6 (5): 1691–705. doi:10.3390/ijerph6051691. PMC 2697937. PMID 19543415.
Yadav, Nisha; Hakkarainen, Minna (2021). "Degradable or not? Cellulose acetate as a model for complicated interplay between structure, environment and degradation". Chemosphere. 265 128731. Bibcode:2021Chmsp.26528731Y. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128731. PMID 33127118.
Moriwaki, Hiroshi; Kitajima, Shiori; Katahira, Kenshi (2009). "Waste on the roadside, 'poi-sute' waste: Its distribution and elution potential of pollutants into environment". Waste Management. 29 (3): 1192–1197. Bibcode:2009WaMan..29.1192M. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2008.08.017. hdl:10091/3192. PMID 18851907.
Slaughter E, Gersberg RM, Watanabe K, Rudolph J, Stransky C, Novotny TE (2011). "Toxicity of cigarette butts, and their chemical components, to marine and freshwater fish". Tobacco Control. 20 (Suppl_1): 25–29. doi:10.1136/tc.2010.040170. PMC 3088407. PMID 21504921.
Fang P, Konyali D, Fischer E, Mayer RP, Huang J, Elena AX, Orzechowski GH, Tony-Odigie A, Kneis D, Dalpke A, Krebs P, Li B, Berendonk TU, Klümper U (2025). "Effects of cigarette-derived compounds on the spread of antimicrobial resistance in artificial human lung sputum medium, simulated environmental media and wastewater". Environmental Health Perspectives. 133 (3–4): 047003. Bibcode:2025EnvHP.133d7003F. doi:10.1289/EHP14704. PMC 11980918. PMID 40032488.
Minzae L, Gil-Pyo K, Hyeon DS, Soomin P, Jongheop Y (2014). "Preparation of energy storage material derived from a used cigarette filter for a supercapacitor electrode". Nanotechnology. 25 (34): 34. Bibcode:2014Nanot..25H5601L. doi:10.1088/0957-4484/25/34/345601. PMID 25092115. S2CID 8692351.
Goel, R.; Bitzer, Z. T.; Reilly, S. M.; Bhangu, G.; Trushin, N.; Elias, R. J.; Foulds, J.; Muscat, J.; Richie Jr, J. P. (2018). "Effect of Charcoal in Cigarette Filters on Free Radicals in Mainstream Smoke". Chemical Research in Toxicology. 31 (8): 745–751. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00092. PMC 6471497. PMID 29979036.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Harris, Bradford (1 May 2011). "The intractable cigarette 'filter problem'". Tobacco Control. 20 (Suppl 1): –10–i16. doi:10.1136/tc.2010.040113. eISSN 1468-3318. ISSN 0964-4563. PMC 3088411. PMID 21504917.
Novotny TE, Lum K, Smith E, et al. (2009). "Cigarettes butts and the case for an environmental policy on hazardous cigarette waste". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 6 (5): 1691–705. doi:10.3390/ijerph6051691. PMC 2697937. PMID 19543415.
Slaughter E, Gersberg RM, Watanabe K, Rudolph J, Stransky C, Novotny TE (2011). "Toxicity of cigarette butts, and their chemical components, to marine and freshwater fish". Tobacco Control. 20 (Suppl_1): 25–29. doi:10.1136/tc.2010.040170. PMC 3088407. PMID 21504921.
Fang P, Konyali D, Fischer E, Mayer RP, Huang J, Elena AX, Orzechowski GH, Tony-Odigie A, Kneis D, Dalpke A, Krebs P, Li B, Berendonk TU, Klümper U (2025). "Effects of cigarette-derived compounds on the spread of antimicrobial resistance in artificial human lung sputum medium, simulated environmental media and wastewater". Environmental Health Perspectives. 133 (3–4): 047003. Bibcode:2025EnvHP.133d7003F. doi:10.1289/EHP14704. PMC 11980918. PMID 40032488.
Goel, R.; Bitzer, Z. T.; Reilly, S. M.; Bhangu, G.; Trushin, N.; Elias, R. J.; Foulds, J.; Muscat, J.; Richie Jr, J. P. (2018). "Effect of Charcoal in Cigarette Filters on Free Radicals in Mainstream Smoke". Chemical Research in Toxicology. 31 (8): 745–751. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00092. PMC 6471497. PMID 29979036.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Kennedy, Pagan (8 July 2012). "Who Made That Cigarette Filter?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 14 March 2018. Retrieved 24 October 2024.

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Minzae L, Gil-Pyo K, Hyeon DS, Soomin P, Jongheop Y (2014). "Preparation of energy storage material derived from a used cigarette filter for a supercapacitor electrode". Nanotechnology. 25 (34): 34. Bibcode:2014Nanot..25H5601L. doi:10.1088/0957-4484/25/34/345601. PMID 25092115. S2CID 8692351.

storage.googleapis.com (Global: 5,609^th place; English: 3,891^st place)

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"Cigarette with Filter tip" (PDF).

tobaccoasia.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The History of Filters". tobaccoasia.com. Archived from the original on 24 August 2003. Retrieved 18 May 2008.

tobaccoinaustralia.org.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Construction of cigarettes and cigarette filters". Retrieved 31 December 2025.

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Frederic Beaudry (3 July 2019). "Are Cigarette Butts Biodegradable?". treehugger.com. Retrieved 31 August 2022.

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"Cigarette Filters" (PDF). Retrieved 31 December 2025.

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"Accidents, fires: Price of littering goes beyond fines". Washington: State of Washington Department of Ecology. 1 June 2004. Archived from the original on 17 October 2016. Retrieved 19 September 2016.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Kennedy, Pagan (8 July 2012). "Who Made That Cigarette Filter?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 14 March 2018. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
"The History of Filters". tobaccoasia.com. Archived from the original on 24 August 2003. Retrieved 18 May 2008.
Leonard M. Schuman (1977), "Patterns of Smoking Behavior", in Murray E. Jarvik; Joseph W. Cullen; Ellen R. Gritz; Thomas M. Vogt; Louis Jolyon West (eds.), Research on Smoking Behavior (PDF), NIDA Research Monograph, vol. 17, pp. 36–65, archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2015, retrieved 21 October 2015
Lynn T. Kozlowski (1983), "Physical Indicators of Actual Tar and Nicotine Yields of Cigarettes", in John Grabowski; Catherine S. Bell (eds.), Measurement in the Analysis and Treatment of Smoking Behavior (PDF), NIDA Research Monograph, vol. 48, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, pp. 50–61, PMID 6443144, archived from the original (PDF) on 17 October 2016, retrieved 29 March 2016
"Accidents, fires: Price of littering goes beyond fines". Washington: State of Washington Department of Ecology. 1 June 2004. Archived from the original on 17 October 2016. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
"No more butts: biodegradable filters a step to boot litter problem". Environmental Health News. 14 August 2012. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2014.

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Kennedy, Pagan (8 July 2012). "Who Made That Cigarette Filter?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 14 March 2018. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
Harris, Bradford (1 May 2011). "The intractable cigarette 'filter problem'". Tobacco Control. 20 (Suppl 1): –10–i16. doi:10.1136/tc.2010.040113. eISSN 1468-3318. ISSN 0964-4563. PMC 3088411. PMID 21504917.

Cigarette filter (English Wikipedia)

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