Clarinet (English Wikipedia)

Richards, E. Michael. "Single sounds". The Clarinet of the Twenty-First Century. Archived from the original on 11 December 2012. Retrieved 9 October 2012.

artsandculture.google.com (Global: 5,139^th place; English: 4,570^th place)

"Octocontrabass clarinet in Bb – Leblanc". La Couture-Boussey: Musée des Instruments à vent [fr]. Retrieved 12 October 2022 – via Google Arts & Culture.

clarinet.dk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Plateau Mechanism: Covered holes". Lohff & Pfeiffer. Retrieved 3 January 2025.

clarinet.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Harrie, Jessica (4 March 2021). "Collaboration with Boehm and Oehler clarinets". The Clarinet. Vol. 48, no. 2.
Corley, Paula (June 2020). "Not like the others: playing strategies for A, E-flat and bass clarinet". The Clarinet. 47 (3).
Thraser, Michael (2006). "The clarinetist-composers of nineteenth-century Italy: an examination of style, repertoire and pedagogy" (PDF). ClarinetFest.
Reeks, John (June 2018). "Rock 'n' roll clarinets?! The Beatles' use of clarinets on Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band". The Clarinet. 45 (3).

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Karp, Cary (1986). "The early history of the clarinet and chalumeau". Early Music. 14 (4): 545–551. doi:10.1093/earlyj/14.4.545.
Hoeprich, T Eric (1981). "A three-key clarinet by J.C. Denner" (PDF). The Galpin Society Journal. 34: 21–32. doi:10.2307/841468. JSTOR 841468.
Hacker, Alan (April 1969). "Mozart and the basset clarinet". The Musical Times. 110 (1514): 359–362. doi:10.2307/951470. JSTOR 951470.
Rice, Albert (March 1984). "Clarinet Fingering Charts, 1732–1816". The Galpin Society Journal. 37: 16–41. doi:10.2307/841137.
Ridley, E.A.K. (September 1986). "Birth of the 'Böhm' clarinet". The Galpin Society Journal. 39: 68–76. doi:10.2307/842134. JSTOR 842134.
Benade, Arthur H.; Keefe, Douglas H. (March 1996). "The physics of a new clarinet design". The Galpin Society Journal. 49: 113–142. doi:10.2307/842396. JSTOR 842396.
Backus, J (1961). "Vibrations of the reed and the air column in the clarinet". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 33 (6): 806–809. doi:10.1121/1.1908803.
Barthet, M.; Guillemain, P.; Kronland-Martinet, R.; Ystad, S. (2010). "From clarinet control to timbre perception". Acta Acustica United with Acustica. 96 (4): 678–689. doi:10.3813/AAA.918322.
Gibson, Lee (1968). "Fundamentals of acoustical design of the soprano clarinet". Music Educators Journal. 54 (6): 113–115. doi:10.2307/3391282. JSTOR 3391282.
Pàmies-Vilà, Montserrat; Hofmann, Alex; Chatziioannou, Vasileios (2020). "The influence of the vocal tract on the attack transients in clarinet playing". Journal of New Music Research. 49 (2): 126–135. doi:10.1080/09298215.2019.1708412. PMC 7077444. PMID 32256677.
Obataya E; Norimoto M. (August 1999). "Acoustic properties of a reed (Arundo donax L.) used for the vibrating plate of a clarinet". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 106 (2): 1106–1110. doi:10.1121/1.427118. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
Intravaia, Lawrence J; Robert S. Resnick (Spring 1968). "A research study of a technique for adjusting clarinet reeds". Journal of Research in Music Education. 16 (1): 45–58. doi:10.2307/3344436. JSTOR 3344436.
Horvath, Janet (September 2001). "An orchestra musician's perspective on 20 years of performing arts medicine". Medical Problems of Performing Artists. 16 (3): 102. doi:10.21091/mppa.2001.3018.
Reed, Alfred (September 1961). "The composer and the college band". Music Educators Journal. 48 (1): 51–53. doi:10.2307/3389717. JSTOR 3389717.
Adelson, Robert (1997). "Reading between the (Ledger) Lines: Performing Mozart's Music for the Basset Clarinet". Performance Practice Review. 10 (2). doi:10.5642/perfpr.199710.02.03.
Shackleton, Nicholas (2001). "Basset clarinet". Grove Music Online. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.40001.
Rice 2009b, p. 10. Rice, Albert R. (2009b). From the Clarinet D'Amour to the Contra Bass: A History of Large Size Clarinets, 1740–1860 (Online ed.). Oxford Academic. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195343281.001.0001.
Rice 2009b, pp. 326–328. Rice, Albert R. (2009b). From the Clarinet D'Amour to the Contra Bass: A History of Large Size Clarinets, 1740–1860 (Online ed.). Oxford Academic. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195343281.001.0001.
Rice 2009b, p. 338. Rice, Albert R. (2009b). From the Clarinet D'Amour to the Contra Bass: A History of Large Size Clarinets, 1740–1860 (Online ed.). Oxford Academic. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195343281.001.0001.
Longyear, RM (1983). "Clarinet sonorities in early Romantic music" (PDF). The Musical Times. 124 (1682): 224–226. doi:10.2307/962035. JSTOR 962035.
Tuthill, Burnet C. (1972). "Sonatas for clarinet and piano: annotated listings". Journal of Research in Music Education. 20 (3): 308–328. doi:10.2307/3343885. JSTOR 3343885.
Weerts, Richard K. (Autumn 1964). "The clarinet choir". Journal of Research in Music Education. 12 (3): 227–230. doi:10.2307/3343790. JSTOR 3343790.
Seay, Albert E. (September–October 1948). "Modern composers and the wind ensemble". Music Educators Journal. 35 (1): 27–28. doi:10.2307/3386973. JSTOR 3386973.
Street, Oscar W. (1915). "The clarinet and its music". Journal of the Royal Musical Association. 42 (1): 89–115. doi:10.1093/jrma/42.1.89.
Weerts, Richard K. (Autumn 1964). "The clarinet choir". Journal of Research in Music Education. 12 (3): 227–230. doi:10.2307/3343790. JSTOR 3343790.
Slobin, Mark (1984). "Klezmer music: an American ethnic genre". Yearbook for Traditional Music. 16: 34–41. doi:10.2307/768201. JSTOR 768201.

etymonline.com (Global: 287^th place; English: 321^st place)

Harper, Douglas (2017). "clarinet". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 24 October 2022.

jazztimes.com (Global: 4,972^nd place; English: 2,886^th place)

Levy, Aidan (27 April 2014). "Rhapsody in Blue at 90". JazzTimes.

jlpublishing.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Zakian, Lee. "The clarinet history". JL Publishing. Archived from the original on 14 April 2016. Retrieved 2 July 2009.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

Hoeprich, T Eric (1981). "A three-key clarinet by J.C. Denner" (PDF). The Galpin Society Journal. 34: 21–32. doi:10.2307/841468. JSTOR 841468.
Hacker, Alan (April 1969). "Mozart and the basset clarinet". The Musical Times. 110 (1514): 359–362. doi:10.2307/951470. JSTOR 951470.
Ridley, E.A.K. (September 1986). "Birth of the 'Böhm' clarinet". The Galpin Society Journal. 39: 68–76. doi:10.2307/842134. JSTOR 842134.
Benade, Arthur H.; Keefe, Douglas H. (March 1996). "The physics of a new clarinet design". The Galpin Society Journal. 49: 113–142. doi:10.2307/842396. JSTOR 842396.
Gibson, Lee (1968). "Fundamentals of acoustical design of the soprano clarinet". Music Educators Journal. 54 (6): 113–115. doi:10.2307/3391282. JSTOR 3391282.
Intravaia, Lawrence J; Robert S. Resnick (Spring 1968). "A research study of a technique for adjusting clarinet reeds". Journal of Research in Music Education. 16 (1): 45–58. doi:10.2307/3344436. JSTOR 3344436.
Reed, Alfred (September 1961). "The composer and the college band". Music Educators Journal. 48 (1): 51–53. doi:10.2307/3389717. JSTOR 3389717.
Longyear, RM (1983). "Clarinet sonorities in early Romantic music" (PDF). The Musical Times. 124 (1682): 224–226. doi:10.2307/962035. JSTOR 962035.
Tuthill, Burnet C. (1972). "Sonatas for clarinet and piano: annotated listings". Journal of Research in Music Education. 20 (3): 308–328. doi:10.2307/3343885. JSTOR 3343885.
Weerts, Richard K. (Autumn 1964). "The clarinet choir". Journal of Research in Music Education. 12 (3): 227–230. doi:10.2307/3343790. JSTOR 3343790.
Seay, Albert E. (September–October 1948). "Modern composers and the wind ensemble". Music Educators Journal. 35 (1): 27–28. doi:10.2307/3386973. JSTOR 3386973.
Weerts, Richard K. (Autumn 1964). "The clarinet choir". Journal of Research in Music Education. 12 (3): 227–230. doi:10.2307/3343790. JSTOR 3343790.
Slobin, Mark (1984). "Klezmer music: an American ethnic genre". Yearbook for Traditional Music. 16: 34–41. doi:10.2307/768201. JSTOR 768201.
Brandl, Rudolf (1996). "The 'Yiftoi' and the music of Greece: role and function". The World of Music. 38 (1): 7–32. JSTOR 41699070.

kamloopsthisweek.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Bass, Dale (3 August 2018). "Founding the Family Stone". Kamloops This Week.

laphil.com (Global: low place; English: 8,281^st place)

Howard, Orrin. "Peter and the Wolf". Los Angeles Philharmonic. Retrieved 12 April 2025.

mahlerfoundation.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Orchestration Symphony No. 9". Mahler Foundation. Retrieved 5 April 2025.

musik-foag.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

Foag Klarinetten (29 April 2025). "Trade Fair 2025 Akustika – Presentation of the Octocontrabass clarinet". Retrieved 18 September 2025.

musiklexikon.ac.at (Global: low place; English: low place)

Fastl, Christian (21 June 2021). "Theodor Lotz". Austrian Music Encyclopaedia.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Pàmies-Vilà, Montserrat; Hofmann, Alex; Chatziioannou, Vasileios (2020). "The influence of the vocal tract on the attack transients in clarinet playing". Journal of New Music Research. 49 (2): 126–135. doi:10.1080/09298215.2019.1708412. PMC 7077444. PMID 32256677.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Pàmies-Vilà, Montserrat; Hofmann, Alex; Chatziioannou, Vasileios (2020). "The influence of the vocal tract on the attack transients in clarinet playing". Journal of New Music Research. 49 (2): 126–135. doi:10.1080/09298215.2019.1708412. PMC 7077444. PMID 32256677.

niu.edu (Global: 5,325^th place; English: 3,850^th place)

Barrett, Gregory (1999). "Development of the Clarinet". Northern Illinois University. Retrieved 2 January 2023.

nmmusd.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

collections.nmmusd.org

"Clarinets in C, B-flat, and A by Georg Ottensteiner, Munich, ca. 1860–1879". National Music Museum. 10 March 2016. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Blum, David (16 August 1992). "Teaching the clarinet to speak with his voice". The New York Times.
Palmer, Robert (5 July 1981). "John Carter's case for the clarinet". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 30 September 2009.

oxfordreference.com (Global: 938^th place; English: 658^th place)

Cresswell, Julia, ed. (2021). "clarinet". Oxford Dictionary of Word Origins (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1988-6875-0.

proquest.com (Global: 206^th place; English: 124^th place)

Saunders, Scott J. (1 January 1952). "Music-making plastics". Music Journal. 10 (1): 22–23, 48–51. ProQuest 1290821116.

prosono-hardwoods.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Mopane for Clarinets: A Breakthrough for Instrument Makers". prosono-hardwoods.com. Retrieved 11 September 2025.

researchgate.net (Global: 120^th place; English: 125^th place)

Jenkins, Martin; Oldfield, Sara; Aylett, Tiffany (2002). International Trade in African Blackwood (Report). Fauna & Flora International. p. 21. ISBN 1-903703-05-0.
Obataya E; Norimoto M. (August 1999). "Acoustic properties of a reed (Arundo donax L.) used for the vibrating plate of a clarinet". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 106 (2): 1106–1110. doi:10.1121/1.427118. Retrieved 12 May 2015.

selmer.fr (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Privilege Bass". Selmer. Retrieved 14 April 2025.

umbc.edu (Global: low place; English: 9,434^th place)

userpages.umbc.edu

Richards, E. Michael. "Single sounds". The Clarinet of the Twenty-First Century. Archived from the original on 11 December 2012. Retrieved 9 October 2012.

unsw.edu.au (Global: 4,584^th place; English: 3,029^th place)

phys.unsw.edu.au

"Acoustics of the clarinet". University of New South Wales. Archived from the original on 19 February 2011. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
"Open vs closed pipes (flutes vs clarinets)". University of New South Wales. Retrieved 24 October 2022.

newt.phys.unsw.edu.au

Almeida, A; Lemare, J; Sheahan, M; Judge, J; Auvray, R; Dang, K; Wolfe, J (2010). Clarinet parameter cartography: automatic mapping of the sound produced as a function of blowing pressure and reed force (PDF). International Symposium on Music Acoustics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 March 2011.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"The Simple System". University of Edinburgh. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
"Clarinets in C, B-flat, and A by Georg Ottensteiner, Munich, ca. 1860–1879". National Music Museum. 10 March 2016. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021.
"Acoustics of the clarinet". University of New South Wales. Archived from the original on 19 February 2011. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
Almeida, A; Lemare, J; Sheahan, M; Judge, J; Auvray, R; Dang, K; Wolfe, J (2010). Clarinet parameter cartography: automatic mapping of the sound produced as a function of blowing pressure and reed force (PDF). International Symposium on Music Acoustics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 March 2011.
Zakian, Lee. "The clarinet history". JL Publishing. Archived from the original on 14 April 2016. Retrieved 2 July 2009.
Palmer, Robert (5 July 1981). "John Carter's case for the clarinet". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 30 September 2009.
Farrell, David (31 March 1979). "Closeup: Supertramp—Breakfast In America" (PDF). Billboard. p. 166. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 July 2020.

weebly.com (Global: 1,195^th place; English: 925^th place)

woodwindsresourcefile.weebly.com

Hoeprich, T Eric (1981). "A three-key clarinet by J.C. Denner" (PDF). The Galpin Society Journal. 34: 21–32. doi:10.2307/841468. JSTOR 841468.

jeremywoodwindsresourcefile.weebly.com

Longyear, RM (1983). "Clarinet sonorities in early Romantic music" (PDF). The Musical Times. 124 (1682): 224–226. doi:10.2307/962035. JSTOR 962035.

wikipedia.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

fr.wikipedia.org

"Octocontrabass clarinet in Bb – Leblanc". La Couture-Boussey: Musée des Instruments à vent [fr]. Retrieved 12 October 2022 – via Google Arts & Culture.

worldradiohistory.com (Global: 316^th place; English: 190^th place)

Farrell, David (31 March 1979). "Closeup: Supertramp—Breakfast In America" (PDF). Billboard. p. 166. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 July 2020.

yamaha.com (Global: 5,883^rd place; English: 5,619^th place)

"The Structure of the Clarinet [Experiment], The Boehm system and the Oehler system". Yamaha. Retrieved 8 December 2022.

zenodo.org (Global: 621^st place; English: 380^th place)

Street, Oscar W. (1915). "The clarinet and its music". Journal of the Royal Musical Association. 42 (1): 89–115. doi:10.1093/jrma/42.1.89.

Clarinet (English Wikipedia)

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