Class (programming) (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Class (programming)" in English language version.

Last modified: 10:11:11, 12 August 2026 (UTC)

Ref.Un. Ref.Website

Global rank English rank

1210oracle.com

2,532^nd place

1,847^th place

106web.archive.org

1^st place

98microsoft.com

263^rd place

259^th place

65ibm.com

1,369^th place

968^th place

54cplusplus.com

low place

44archive.org

6^th place

33php.net

8,178^th place

7,970^th place

32python.org

4,399^th place

3,941^st place

22ruby-lang.org

low place

22acm.org

1,200^th place

821^st place

22doi.org

2^nd place

21drdobbs.com

low place

11books.google.com

3^rd place

11mit.edu

476^th place

340^th place

11worldcat.org

4^th place

11cert.org

low place

11princeton.edu

802^nd place

528^th place

11w3.org

1,633^rd place

1,401^st place

11inria.fr

6,372^nd place

5,582^nd place

11alu.org

low place

11kotlinlang.org

low place

11safaribooksonline.com

low place

11open-std.org

7,079^th place

5,042^nd place

11okmij.org

low place

11free.fr

283^rd place

705^th place

11thegeeksbot.com

low place

acm.org (Global: 1,200^th place; English: 821^st place)

dl.acm.org

Wegner, Peter (1987). "Dimensions of object-based language design". Conference proceedings on Object-oriented programming systems, languages and applications. pp. 168–182. doi:10.1145/38765.38823. ISBN 0-89791-247-0.
Liskov, Barbara (1996). "A history of CLU". History of programming languages---II. pp. 471–510. doi:10.1145/234286.1057826. ISBN 0-201-89502-1.

alu.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"MOP: Concepts". The Common Lisp Object System MetaObject Protocol. Association of Lisp Users. Archived from the original on 2010-11-15. Retrieved 2012-05-08.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Gamma et al. 1995, p. 14. Gamma; Helm; Johnson; Vlissides (1995). Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software. Addison Wesley. ISBN 9780201633610.
Gamma et al. 1995, p. 17. Gamma; Helm; Johnson; Vlissides (1995). Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software. Addison Wesley. ISBN 9780201633610.
Jacobsen, Ivar; Magnus Christerson; Patrik Jonsson; Gunnar Overgaard (1992). Object Oriented Software Engineering. Addison-Wesley ACM Press. pp. 43–69. ISBN 0-201-54435-0.
Jacobsen, Ivar; Magnus Christerson; Patrik Jonsson; Gunnar Overgaard (1992). Object Oriented Software Engineering. Addison-Wesley ACM Press. ISBN 0-201-54435-0.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Bruce 2002, 2.1 Objects, classes, and object types, https://books.google.com/books?id=9NGWq3K1RwUC&pg=PA18. Bruce, Kim B. (2002). Foundations of Object-Oriented Languages: Types and Semantics. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-02523-2.

cert.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

securecoding.cert.org

"OOP08-CPP. Do not return references to private data". CERT C++ Secure Coding Standard. Carnegie Mellon University. 2010-05-10. Archived from the original on 2015-10-03. Retrieved 2012-05-07.

cplusplus.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Classes (I)". C++ Language Tutorial. cplusplus.com. Retrieved 2012-04-29.
"Classes (II)". C++ Language Tutorial. cplusplus.com. Retrieved 2012-04-29.
"Friendship and inheritance". C++ Language Tutorial. cplusplus.com. Retrieved 2012-04-26.
"Polymorphism". C++ Language Tutorial. cplusplus.com. Retrieved 2012-05-02.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Wegner, Peter (1987). "Dimensions of object-based language design". Conference proceedings on Object-oriented programming systems, languages and applications. pp. 168–182. doi:10.1145/38765.38823. ISBN 0-89791-247-0.
Liskov, Barbara (1996). "A history of CLU". History of programming languages---II. pp. 471–510. doi:10.1145/234286.1057826. ISBN 0-201-89502-1.

drdobbs.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Wild, Fred. "C++ Interfaces". Dr. Dobb's. UBM Techweb. Retrieved 2012-05-02.

free.fr (Global: 283^rd place; English: 705^th place)

stephane.ducasse.free.fr

Ducasse, Stéphane. "A set cannot be a subtype of a bag". Retrieved 7 October 2012.

ibm.com (Global: 1,369^th place; English: 968^th place)

publib.boulder.ibm.com

"Nested classes (C++ only)". XL C/C++ V8.0 for AIX. IBM. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
"Local type names (C++ only)". XL C/C++ V8.0 for AIX. IBM. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
"Local classes (C++ only)". XL C/C++ V8.0 for AIX. IBM. Retrieved 2012-05-07.

ibm.com

Berfeld, Marya (2 December 2008). "UML-to-Java transformation in IBM Rational Software Architect editions and related software". IBM. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
Bell, Donald. "UML Basics: The class diagram". developer Works. IBM. Retrieved 2012-05-02.

inria.fr (Global: 6,372^nd place; English: 5,582^nd place)

pharo.gforge.inria.fr

"13 Classes and metaclasses". pharo.gforge.inria.fr. Archived from the original on 2021-02-24. Retrieved 2016-10-31.

kotlinlang.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Staff (15 December 2025). "Inheritance". Kotlinlang.org. JetBrains s.r.o.

microsoft.com (Global: 263^rd place; English: 259^th place)

msdn.microsoft.com

"Interfaces (C# Programming Guide)". C# Programming Guide. Microsoft. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
"Inheritance (C# Programming Guide)". C# Programming Guide. Microsoft. Retrieved 2012-05-02.
"sealed (C# Reference)". C# Reference. Microsoft. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
"Static Classes and Static Class Members (C# Programming Guide)". C# Programming Guide. Microsoft. Retrieved 2012-05-08.

learn.microsoft.com

"Partial Classes and Members - C#".
BillWagner (2024-11-14). "Partial Classes and Methods - C#". learn.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2025-02-06.

devblogs.microsoft.com

Brand, Sy (2 March 2020). "The Performance Benefits of Final Classes". Microsoft C++ team blog. Microsoft. Retrieved 4 April 2020.

docs.microsoft.com

mairaw; BillWagner; tompratt-AQ (2015-09-19), "Partial Classes and Methods", C# Programming Guide, Microsoft, retrieved 2018-08-08

mit.edu (Global: 476^th place; English: 340^th place)

mitpress.mit.edu

Bruce 2002, 2.1 Objects, classes, and object types, https://books.google.com/books?id=9NGWq3K1RwUC&pg=PA18. Bruce, Kim B. (2002). Foundations of Object-Oriented Languages: Types and Semantics. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-02523-2.

okmij.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Kiselyov, Oleg. "Subtyping, Subclassing, and Trouble with OOP". Retrieved 7 October 2012.

open-std.org (Global: 7,079^th place; English: 5,042^nd place)

"C++ International standard" (PDF). Working Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22 WG21. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-12-09. Retrieved 5 January 2020.

oracle.com (Global: 2,532^nd place; English: 1,847^th place)

docs.oracle.com

"Controlling Access to Members of a Class". The Java Tutorials. Oracle. Retrieved 2012-04-19.
"Interfaces". The Java Tutorials. Oracle. Retrieved 2012-05-01.
"Abstract Methods and Classes". The Java Tutorials. Oracle. Retrieved 2012-05-02.
"Writing Final Classes and Methods". The Java Tutorials. Oracle. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
"Sealed Classes". Oracle Help Center. Retrieved 2025-07-07.
"String (Java Platform SE 7)". Java Platform, Standard Edition 7: API Specification. Oracle. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
"Sealed Classes". docs.oracle.com. Oracle Help Center. Retrieved 16 October 2025.
Oracle Corporation. "4 - Sealed Classes". docs.oracle.com. Oracle Corporation. Retrieved 7 June 2026.
"Anonymous Classes (The Java Tutorials > Learning the Java Language > Classes and Objects)". docs.oracle.com. Retrieved 2021-05-13.
"What is an Object?". oracle.com. Oracle Corporation. Retrieved 13 December 2013.

php.net (Global: 8,178^th place; English: 7,970^th place)

"Class Abstraction". PHP Manual. The PHP Group. Retrieved 2012-05-02.
"PHP: Final Keyword". PHP Manual. The PHP Group. Retrieved 2014-08-21.
"PHP: Anonymous classes - Manual". www.php.net. Retrieved 2021-08-11.

princeton.edu (Global: 802^nd place; English: 528^th place)

introcs.cs.princeton.edu

Ben-Ari, Mordechai (2007-01-24). "2.2 Identifiers" (PDF). Compile and Runtime Errors in Java. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-10-18. Retrieved 2012-05-07.

python.org (Global: 4,399^th place; English: 3,941^st place)

docs.python.org

"3. Data model". The Python Language Reference. Python Software Foundation. Retrieved 2012-04-26.
"9. Classes". The Python Tutorial. Python.org. Retrieved 3 March 2018. As is true for modules, classes partake of the dynamic nature of Python: they are created at runtime, and can be modified further after creation.

ruby-lang.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

docs.ruby-lang.org

safaribooksonline.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

my.safaribooksonline.com

Booch, Grady; Robert A. Maksimchuk; Michael W. Engle; Bobbi J. Young Ph.D.; Jim Conallen; Kelli A. Houston (April 30, 2007). Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications. Addison-Wesley Professional. pp. 1–28. ISBN 978-0-201-89551-3. Retrieved 20 December 2013. There are fundamental limiting factors of human cognition; we can address these constraints through the use of decomposition, abstraction, and hierarchy.

thegeeksbot.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Amir, Masroor (25 March 2023). "OOP - Object Oriented Programming - Concepts | Languages | Benefits [2023]". The Geeks Bot: A Computer Science Site for geeks. Retrieved 2023-04-04.

w3.org (Global: 1,633^rd place; English: 1,401^st place)

Knublauch, Holger; Oberle, Daniel; Tetlow, Phil; Wallace, Evan (2006-03-09). "A Semantic Web Primer for Object-Oriented Software Developers". W3C. Retrieved 2008-07-30.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Dahl, Ole-Johan; Myhrhaug, Bjørn; Nygaard, Kristen (1970). Common Base Language (PDF) (Report). Norwegian Computing Center. Archived from the original on 2024-09-19. Retrieved 20 August 2025.
"OOP08-CPP. Do not return references to private data". CERT C++ Secure Coding Standard. Carnegie Mellon University. 2010-05-10. Archived from the original on 2015-10-03. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
Ben-Ari, Mordechai (2007-01-24). "2.2 Identifiers" (PDF). Compile and Runtime Errors in Java. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-10-18. Retrieved 2012-05-07.
"13 Classes and metaclasses". pharo.gforge.inria.fr. Archived from the original on 2021-02-24. Retrieved 2016-10-31.
"MOP: Concepts". The Common Lisp Object System MetaObject Protocol. Association of Lisp Users. Archived from the original on 2010-11-15. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
"C++ International standard" (PDF). Working Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22 WG21. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-12-09. Retrieved 5 January 2020.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Parsons, June Jamrich (2015-06-22). New Perspectives on Computer Concepts 2016, Comprehensive. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. ISBN 9781305271616. OCLC 917155105.

Class (programming) (English Wikipedia)

acm.org (Global: 1,200th place; English: 821st place)

dl.acm.org

alu.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

cert.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

securecoding.cert.org

cplusplus.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

drdobbs.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

free.fr (Global: 283rd place; English: 705th place)

stephane.ducasse.free.fr

ibm.com (Global: 1,369th place; English: 968th place)

publib.boulder.ibm.com

ibm.com

inria.fr (Global: 6,372nd place; English: 5,582nd place)

pharo.gforge.inria.fr

kotlinlang.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

microsoft.com (Global: 263rd place; English: 259th place)

msdn.microsoft.com

learn.microsoft.com

devblogs.microsoft.com

docs.microsoft.com

mit.edu (Global: 476th place; English: 340th place)

mitpress.mit.edu

okmij.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

open-std.org (Global: 7,079th place; English: 5,042nd place)

oracle.com (Global: 2,532nd place; English: 1,847th place)

docs.oracle.com

php.net (Global: 8,178th place; English: 7,970th place)

princeton.edu (Global: 802nd place; English: 528th place)

introcs.cs.princeton.edu

python.org (Global: 4,399th place; English: 3,941st place)

docs.python.org

ruby-lang.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

docs.ruby-lang.org

safaribooksonline.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

my.safaribooksonline.com

thegeeksbot.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

w3.org (Global: 1,633rd place; English: 1,401st place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

acm.org (Global: 1,200^th place; English: 821^st place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

free.fr (Global: 283^rd place; English: 705^th place)

ibm.com (Global: 1,369^th place; English: 968^th place)

inria.fr (Global: 6,372^nd place; English: 5,582^nd place)

microsoft.com (Global: 263^rd place; English: 259^th place)

mit.edu (Global: 476^th place; English: 340^th place)

open-std.org (Global: 7,079^th place; English: 5,042^nd place)

oracle.com (Global: 2,532^nd place; English: 1,847^th place)

php.net (Global: 8,178^th place; English: 7,970^th place)

princeton.edu (Global: 802^nd place; English: 528^th place)

python.org (Global: 4,399^th place; English: 3,941^st place)

w3.org (Global: 1,633^rd place; English: 1,401^st place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)