Clostridium botulinum (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Clostridium botulinum" in English language version.

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Schantz EJ, Johnson EA (1992). "Properties and use of botulinum toxin and other microbial neurotoxins in medicine". Microbiological Reviews. 56 (1): 80–99. doi:10.1128/MMBR.56.1.80-99.1992. ISSN 0146-0749. PMC 372855. PMID 1579114.

canada.ca

"Botulism - Guide for Healthcare Professionals". Health Canada. 2012-07-18. Retrieved 2023-11-01.

cdc.gov

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"Investigational Heptavalent Botulinum Antitoxin (HBAT) to Replace Licensed Botulinum Antitoxin AB and Investigational Botulinum Antitoxin E". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2023-11-01.

csiro.au

publish.csiro.au

Ohye DF, Scott WJ (1957). "Studies in the physiology of Clostridium botulinum type E". Australian Journal of Biological Sciences. 10: 85–94. doi:10.1071/BI9570085.

doi.org

Peck MW (2009). "Biology and genomic analysis of Clostridium botulinum". Advances in Microbial Physiology. 55: 183–265, 320. doi:10.1016/S0065-2911(09)05503-9. ISBN 978-0-12-374790-7. PMID 19573697.
Lindström M, Korkeala H (April 2006). "Laboratory diagnostics of botulism". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 19 (2): 298–314. doi:10.1128/cmr.19.2.298-314.2006. PMC 1471988. PMID 16614251.
Košenina S, Masuyer G, Zhang S, Dong M, Stenmark P (June 2019). "Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of the Weissella oryzae botulinum-like toxin". FEBS Letters. 593 (12): 1403–1410. doi:10.1002/1873-3468.13446. PMID 31111466.
Peck MW, Stringer SC, Carter AT (April 2011). "Clostridium botulinum in the post-genomic era". Food Microbiology. 28 (2): 183–191. doi:10.1016/j.fm.2010.03.005. PMID 21315972.
Shukla HD, Sharma SK (2005). "Clostridium botulinum: a bug with beauty and weapon". Critical Reviews in Microbiology. 31 (1): 11–18. doi:10.1080/10408410590912952. PMID 15839401. S2CID 2855356.
Austin JW (January 1, 2003). "Clostridium | Occurrence of Clostridium botulinum". Clostridium. Academic Press. pp. 1407–1413. doi:10.1016/B0-12-227055-X/00255-8. ISBN 978-0-12-227055-0. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
Dobritsa AP, Kutumbaka KK, Samadpour M (September 2018). "Reclassification of Eubacterium combesii and discrepancies in the nomenclature of botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridia: Challenging Opinion 69. Request for an Opinion". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 68 (9): 3068–3075. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.002942. PMID 30058996.
Hill KK, Smith TJ (2012). "Genetic Diversity Within Clostridium botulinum Serotypes, Botulinum Neurotoxin Gene Clusters and Toxin Subtypes". Botulinum Neurotoxins. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. Vol. 364. pp. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-33570-9_1. ISBN 978-3-642-33569-3. PMID 23239346.
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Notermans S, Havellar AH (1980). "Removal and inactivation of botulinum toxin during production of drinking water from surface water". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 46 (5): 511–514. doi:10.1007/BF00395840. S2CID 21102990.
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Hatheway CL, McCroskey LM (December 1987). "Examination of feces and serum for diagnosis of infant botulism in 336 patients". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 25 (12): 2334–2338. doi:10.1128/JCM.25.12.2334-2338.1987. PMC 269483. PMID 3323228.
Poulain B, Popoff MR (January 2019). "Why Are Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria So Diverse and Botulinum Neurotoxins So Toxic?". Toxins. 11 (1): 34. doi:10.3390/toxins11010034. PMC 6357194. PMID 30641949.
Meurens F, Carlin F, Federighi M, Filippitzi ME, Fournier M, Fravalo P, et al. (2023-01-05). "Clostridium botulinum type C, D, C/D, and D/C: An update". Frontiers in Microbiology. 13: 1099184. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1099184. PMC 9849819. PMID 36687640.
Satterfield BA, Stewart AF, Lew CS, Pickett DO, Cohen MN, Moore EA, et al. (January 2010). "A quadruplex real-time PCR assay for rapid detection and differentiation of the Clostridium botulinum toxin genes A, B, E and F". Journal of Medical Microbiology. 59 (Pt 1): 55–64. doi:10.1099/jmm.0.012567-0. PMID 19779029.
Maslanka SE, Lúquez C, Dykes JK, Tepp WH, Pier CL, Pellett S, et al. (February 2016). "A Novel Botulinum Neurotoxin, Previously Reported as Serotype H, Has a Hybrid-Like Structure With Regions of Similarity to the Structures of Serotypes A and F and Is Neutralized With Serotype A Antitoxin". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 213 (3): 379–385. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiv327. PMC 4704661. PMID 26068781.
Aureli P, Fenicia L, Pasolini B, Gianfranceschi M, McCroskey LM, Hatheway CL (August 1986). "Two cases of type E infant botulism caused by neurotoxigenic Clostridium butyricum in Italy". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 154 (2): 207–211. doi:10.1093/infdis/154.2.207. PMID 3722863.
Hall JD, McCroskey LM, Pincomb BJ, Hatheway CL (April 1985). "Isolation of an organism resembling Clostridium barati which produces type F botulinal toxin from an infant with botulism". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 21 (4): 654–655. doi:10.1128/JCM.21.4.654-655.1985. PMC 271744. PMID 3988908.
Sebaihia M, Peck MW, Minton NP, Thomson NR, Holden MT, Mitchell WJ, et al. (July 2007). "Genome sequence of a proteolytic (Group I) Clostridium botulinum strain Hall A and comparative analysis of the clostridial genomes". Genome Research. 17 (7): 1082–1092. doi:10.1101/gr.6282807. PMC 1899119. PMID 17519437.
Leyer GJ, Johnson EA (October 1990). "Repression of toxin production by tryptophan in Clostridium botulinum type E". Archives of Microbiology. 154 (5): 443–447. Bibcode:1990ArMic.154..443L. doi:10.1007/BF00245225. PMID 2256780.
Patterson-Curtis SI, Johnson EA (June 1989). "Regulation of neurotoxin and protease formation in Clostridium botulinum Okra B and Hall A by arginine". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 55 (6): 1544–1548. Bibcode:1989ApEnM..55.1544P. doi:10.1128/aem.55.6.1544-1548.1989. PMC 202901. PMID 2669631.
Schantz EJ, Johnson EA (1992). "Properties and use of botulinum toxin and other microbial neurotoxins in medicine". Microbiological Reviews. 56 (1): 80–99. doi:10.1128/MMBR.56.1.80-99.1992. ISSN 0146-0749. PMC 372855. PMID 1579114.
Johnson EA, Bradshaw M (November 2001). "Clostridium botulinum and its neurotoxins: a metabolic and cellular perspective". Toxicon. 39 (11): 1703–1722. Bibcode:2001Txcn...39.1703J. doi:10.1016/S0041-0101(01)00157-X. PMID 11595633.
Smith T, Williamson CH, Hill K, Sahl J, Keim P (September 2018). "Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria. Isn't It Time that We Called a Species a Species?". mBio. 9 (5). doi:10.1128/mbio.01469-18. PMC 6156192. PMID 30254123.
Mazuet C, Legeay C, Sautereau J, Bouchier C, Criscuolo A, Bouvet P, et al. (February 2017). "Characterization of Clostridium Baratii Type F Strains Responsible for an Outbreak of Botulism Linked to Beef Meat Consumption in France". PLOS Currents. 9. doi:10.1371/currents.outbreaks.6ed2fe754b58a5c42d0c33d586ffc606 (inactive 1 November 2024). PMC 5959735. PMID 29862134.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
Hill KK, Xie G, Foley BT, Smith TJ, Munk AC, Bruce D, et al. (October 2009). "Recombination and insertion events involving the botulinum neurotoxin complex genes in Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E and F and Clostridium butyricum type E strains". BMC Biology. 7 (1): 66. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-7-66. PMC 2764570. PMID 19804621.
Carter AT, Peck MW (May 2015). "Genomes, neurotoxins and biology of Clostridium botulinum Group I and Group II". Research in Microbiology. 166 (4): 303–317. doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2014.10.010. PMC 4430135. PMID 25445012.
Portinha IM, Douillard FP, Korkeala H, Lindström M (January 2022). "Sporulation Strategies and Potential Role of the Exosporium in Survival and Persistence of Clostridium botulinum". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 23 (2): 754. doi:10.3390/ijms23020754. PMC 8775613. PMID 35054941.>
Shen A, Edwards AN, Sarker MR, Paredes-Sabja D (November 2019). Fischetti VA, Novick RP, Ferretti JJ, Portnoy DA, Braunstein M, Rood JI (eds.). "Sporulation and Germination in Clostridial Pathogens". Microbiology Spectrum. 7 (6). doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.GPP3-0017-2018. PMC 6927485. PMID 31858953.
Dowell VR (1977). "Coproexamination for Botulinal Toxin and Clostridium botulinum". JAMA. 238 (17): 1829. doi:10.1001/jama.1977.03280180033021. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
Paul CJ, Twine SM, Tam KJ, Mullen JA, Kelly JF, Austin JW, et al. (May 2007). "Flagellin Diversity in Clostridium botulinum Groups I and II: a New Strategy for Strain Identification". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 73 (9): 2963–2975. Bibcode:2007ApEnM..73.2963P. doi:10.1128/AEM.02623-06. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 1892883. PMID 17351097.
Ito KA, Chen JK, Lerke PA, Seeger ML, Unverferth JA (July 1976). "Effect of acid and salt concentration in fresh-pack pickles on the growth of Clostridium botulinum spores". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 32 (1): 121–124. Bibcode:1976ApEnM..32..121I. doi:10.1128/aem.32.1.121-124.1976. PMC 170016. PMID 9898.
Odlaug TE, Pflug IJ (March 1979). "Clostridium botulinum growth and toxin production in tomato juice containing Aspergillus gracilis". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 37 (3): 496–504. Bibcode:1979ApEnM..37..496O. doi:10.1128/aem.37.3.496-504.1979. PMC 243244. PMID 36843.
Erbguth FJ (March 2004). "Historical notes on botulism, Clostridium botulinum, botulinum toxin, and the idea of the therapeutic use of the toxin". Movement Disorders. 19 (Suppl 8): S2 – S6. doi:10.1002/mds.20003. PMID 15027048. S2CID 8190807.
Uzal FA, Songer JG, Prescott JF, Popoff MR (21 June 2016). "Taxonomic Relationships among the Clostridia". Clostridial Diseases of Animals. pp. 1–5. doi:10.1002/9781118728291.ch1. ISBN 978-1-118-72829-1.
Suen JC, Hatheway CL, Steigerwalt AG, Brenner DJ (1988). "Clostridium argentinense sp.nov.: a genetically homogeneous group composed of all strains of Clostridium botulinum type G and some nonttoxigenic strains previously identified as Clostridium subterminale or Clostridium hastiforme". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 38: 375–381. doi:10.1099/00207713-38-4-375.
"Rejection of Clostridium putrificum and conservation of Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium sporogenes-Opinion 69. Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 49 Pt 1 (1): 339. January 1999. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-1-339. PMID 10028279.
Arahal DR, Busse HJ, Bull CT, Christensen H, Chuvochina M, Dedysh SN, et al. (August 2022). "Judicial Opinions 112-122". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 72 (8). doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005481. PMID 35947640. S2CID 251470203. Opinion 121 denies the request to revise Opinion 69 and notes that Opinion 69 does not have the undesirable consequences emphasized in the request [Dobritsa et al. 2018].
Cherington M (June 1998). "Clinical spectrum of botulism". Muscle & Nerve. 21 (6): 701–710. doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4598(199806)21:6<701::aid-mus1>3.0.co;2-b. PMID 9585323.
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Lindström M, Korkeala H (April 2006). "Laboratory diagnostics of botulism". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 19 (2): 298–314. doi:10.1128/CMR.19.2.298-314.2006. PMC 1471988. PMID 16614251.
Akbulut D, Grant KA, McLauchlin J (September 2005). "Improvement in laboratory diagnosis of wound botulism and tetanus among injecting illicit-drug users by use of real-time PCR assays for neurotoxin gene fragments". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 43 (9): 4342–4348. doi:10.1128/JCM.43.9.4342-4348.2005. PMC 1234055. PMID 16145075.
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dsmz.de

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fda.gov

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harvard.edu

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Leyer GJ, Johnson EA (October 1990). "Repression of toxin production by tryptophan in Clostridium botulinum type E". Archives of Microbiology. 154 (5): 443–447. Bibcode:1990ArMic.154..443L. doi:10.1007/BF00245225. PMID 2256780.
Patterson-Curtis SI, Johnson EA (June 1989). "Regulation of neurotoxin and protease formation in Clostridium botulinum Okra B and Hall A by arginine". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 55 (6): 1544–1548. Bibcode:1989ApEnM..55.1544P. doi:10.1128/aem.55.6.1544-1548.1989. PMC 202901. PMID 2669631.
Johnson EA, Bradshaw M (November 2001). "Clostridium botulinum and its neurotoxins: a metabolic and cellular perspective". Toxicon. 39 (11): 1703–1722. Bibcode:2001Txcn...39.1703J. doi:10.1016/S0041-0101(01)00157-X. PMID 11595633.
Paul CJ, Twine SM, Tam KJ, Mullen JA, Kelly JF, Austin JW, et al. (May 2007). "Flagellin Diversity in Clostridium botulinum Groups I and II: a New Strategy for Strain Identification". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 73 (9): 2963–2975. Bibcode:2007ApEnM..73.2963P. doi:10.1128/AEM.02623-06. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 1892883. PMID 17351097.
Ito KA, Chen JK, Lerke PA, Seeger ML, Unverferth JA (July 1976). "Effect of acid and salt concentration in fresh-pack pickles on the growth of Clostridium botulinum spores". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 32 (1): 121–124. Bibcode:1976ApEnM..32..121I. doi:10.1128/aem.32.1.121-124.1976. PMC 170016. PMID 9898.
Odlaug TE, Pflug IJ (March 1979). "Clostridium botulinum growth and toxin production in tomato juice containing Aspergillus gracilis". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 37 (3): 496–504. Bibcode:1979ApEnM..37..496O. doi:10.1128/aem.37.3.496-504.1979. PMC 243244. PMID 36843.
Sharma SK, Ferreira JL, Eblen BS, Whiting RC (February 2006). "Detection of type A, B, E, and F Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins in foods by using an amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with digoxigenin-labeled antibodies". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 72 (2): 1231–1238. Bibcode:2006ApEnM..72.1231S. doi:10.1128/AEM.72.2.1231-1238.2006. PMC 1392902. PMID 16461671.
Eklund MW, Peterson ME, Poysky FT, Peck LW, Conrad JF (February 1982). "Botulism in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in the United States". Aquaculture. 27 (1): 1–11. Bibcode:1982Aquac..27....1E. doi:10.1016/0044-8486(82)90104-1.
Eklund MW, Poysky FT, Peterson ME, Peck LW, Brunson WD (October 1984). "Type E botulism in salmonids and conditions contributing to outbreaks". Aquaculture. 41 (4): 293–309. Bibcode:1984Aquac..41..293E. doi:10.1016/0044-8486(84)90198-4.
Huss HH (April 1980). "Distribution of Clostridium botulinum". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 39 (4): 764–9. Bibcode:1980ApEnM..39..764H. doi:10.1128/aem.39.4.764-769.1980. PMC 291416. PMID 6990867.

hathitrust.org

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Dowell VR (1977). "Coproexamination for Botulinal Toxin and Clostridium botulinum". JAMA. 238 (17): 1829. doi:10.1001/jama.1977.03280180033021. Retrieved 2024-04-11.

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Hill KK, Xie G, Foley BT, Smith TJ, Munk AC, Bruce D, et al. (October 2009). "Recombination and insertion events involving the botulinum neurotoxin complex genes in Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E and F and Clostridium butyricum type E strains". BMC Biology. 7 (1): 66. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-7-66. PMC 2764570. PMID 19804621.
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Portinha IM, Douillard FP, Korkeala H, Lindström M (January 2022). "Sporulation Strategies and Potential Role of the Exosporium in Survival and Persistence of Clostridium botulinum". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 23 (2): 754. doi:10.3390/ijms23020754. PMC 8775613. PMID 35054941.>
Shen A, Edwards AN, Sarker MR, Paredes-Sabja D (November 2019). Fischetti VA, Novick RP, Ferretti JJ, Portnoy DA, Braunstein M, Rood JI (eds.). "Sporulation and Germination in Clostridial Pathogens". Microbiology Spectrum. 7 (6). doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.GPP3-0017-2018. PMC 6927485. PMID 31858953.
Paul CJ, Twine SM, Tam KJ, Mullen JA, Kelly JF, Austin JW, et al. (May 2007). "Flagellin Diversity in Clostridium botulinum Groups I and II: a New Strategy for Strain Identification". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 73 (9): 2963–2975. Bibcode:2007ApEnM..73.2963P. doi:10.1128/AEM.02623-06. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 1892883. PMID 17351097.
Ito KA, Chen JK, Lerke PA, Seeger ML, Unverferth JA (July 1976). "Effect of acid and salt concentration in fresh-pack pickles on the growth of Clostridium botulinum spores". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 32 (1): 121–124. Bibcode:1976ApEnM..32..121I. doi:10.1128/aem.32.1.121-124.1976. PMC 170016. PMID 9898.
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Lindström M, Korkeala H (April 2006). "Laboratory diagnostics of botulism". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 19 (2): 298–314. doi:10.1128/CMR.19.2.298-314.2006. PMC 1471988. PMID 16614251.
Akbulut D, Grant KA, McLauchlin J (September 2005). "Improvement in laboratory diagnosis of wound botulism and tetanus among injecting illicit-drug users by use of real-time PCR assays for neurotoxin gene fragments". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 43 (9): 4342–4348. doi:10.1128/JCM.43.9.4342-4348.2005. PMC 1234055. PMID 16145075.
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Schulte M, Hamsen U, Schildhauer TA, Ramczykowski T (October 2017). "Effective and rapid treatment of wound botulism, a case report". BMC Surgery. 17 (1): 103. doi:10.1186/s12893-017-0300-4. PMC 5658925. PMID 29073888.
Chiu SY, Patel B, Burns MR, Legacy J, Shukla AW, Ramirez-Zamora A, et al. (2020-02-27). "High-dose Botulinum Toxin Therapy: Safety, Benefit, and Endurance of Efficacy". Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements. 10. doi:10.5334/tohm.527. ISSN 2160-8288. PMC 7052428. PMID 32149014.
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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Tiwari A, Nagalli S (2021). "Clostridium Botulinum". StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. PMID 31971722. Retrieved 2021-09-23.
Lindström M, Korkeala H (April 2006). "Laboratory diagnostics of botulism". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 19 (2): 298–314. doi:10.1128/cmr.19.2.298-314.2006. PMC 1471988. PMID 16614251.
Peck MW, Smith TJ, Anniballi F, Austin JW, Bano L, Bradshaw M, et al. (January 2017). "Historical Perspectives and Guidelines for Botulinum Neurotoxin Subtype Nomenclature". Toxins. 9 (1): 38. doi:10.3390/toxins9010038. PMC 5308270. PMID 28106761.
Hatheway CL, McCroskey LM (December 1987). "Examination of feces and serum for diagnosis of infant botulism in 336 patients". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 25 (12): 2334–2338. doi:10.1128/JCM.25.12.2334-2338.1987. PMC 269483. PMID 3323228.
Poulain B, Popoff MR (January 2019). "Why Are Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria So Diverse and Botulinum Neurotoxins So Toxic?". Toxins. 11 (1): 34. doi:10.3390/toxins11010034. PMC 6357194. PMID 30641949.
Meurens F, Carlin F, Federighi M, Filippitzi ME, Fournier M, Fravalo P, et al. (2023-01-05). "Clostridium botulinum type C, D, C/D, and D/C: An update". Frontiers in Microbiology. 13: 1099184. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1099184. PMC 9849819. PMID 36687640.
Maslanka SE, Lúquez C, Dykes JK, Tepp WH, Pier CL, Pellett S, et al. (February 2016). "A Novel Botulinum Neurotoxin, Previously Reported as Serotype H, Has a Hybrid-Like Structure With Regions of Similarity to the Structures of Serotypes A and F and Is Neutralized With Serotype A Antitoxin". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 213 (3): 379–385. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiv327. PMC 4704661. PMID 26068781.
Hall JD, McCroskey LM, Pincomb BJ, Hatheway CL (April 1985). "Isolation of an organism resembling Clostridium barati which produces type F botulinal toxin from an infant with botulism". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 21 (4): 654–655. doi:10.1128/JCM.21.4.654-655.1985. PMC 271744. PMID 3988908.
Sebaihia M, Peck MW, Minton NP, Thomson NR, Holden MT, Mitchell WJ, et al. (July 2007). "Genome sequence of a proteolytic (Group I) Clostridium botulinum strain Hall A and comparative analysis of the clostridial genomes". Genome Research. 17 (7): 1082–1092. doi:10.1101/gr.6282807. PMC 1899119. PMID 17519437.
Patterson-Curtis SI, Johnson EA (June 1989). "Regulation of neurotoxin and protease formation in Clostridium botulinum Okra B and Hall A by arginine". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 55 (6): 1544–1548. Bibcode:1989ApEnM..55.1544P. doi:10.1128/aem.55.6.1544-1548.1989. PMC 202901. PMID 2669631.
Schantz EJ, Johnson EA (1992). "Properties and use of botulinum toxin and other microbial neurotoxins in medicine". Microbiological Reviews. 56 (1): 80–99. doi:10.1128/MMBR.56.1.80-99.1992. ISSN 0146-0749. PMC 372855. PMID 1579114.
Smith T, Williamson CH, Hill K, Sahl J, Keim P (September 2018). "Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Bacteria. Isn't It Time that We Called a Species a Species?". mBio. 9 (5). doi:10.1128/mbio.01469-18. PMC 6156192. PMID 30254123.
Mazuet C, Legeay C, Sautereau J, Bouchier C, Criscuolo A, Bouvet P, et al. (February 2017). "Characterization of Clostridium Baratii Type F Strains Responsible for an Outbreak of Botulism Linked to Beef Meat Consumption in France". PLOS Currents. 9. doi:10.1371/currents.outbreaks.6ed2fe754b58a5c42d0c33d586ffc606 (inactive 1 November 2024). PMC 5959735. PMID 29862134.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
Hill KK, Xie G, Foley BT, Smith TJ, Munk AC, Bruce D, et al. (October 2009). "Recombination and insertion events involving the botulinum neurotoxin complex genes in Clostridium botulinum types A, B, E and F and Clostridium butyricum type E strains". BMC Biology. 7 (1): 66. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-7-66. PMC 2764570. PMID 19804621.
Carter AT, Peck MW (May 2015). "Genomes, neurotoxins and biology of Clostridium botulinum Group I and Group II". Research in Microbiology. 166 (4): 303–317. doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2014.10.010. PMC 4430135. PMID 25445012.
Portinha IM, Douillard FP, Korkeala H, Lindström M (January 2022). "Sporulation Strategies and Potential Role of the Exosporium in Survival and Persistence of Clostridium botulinum". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 23 (2): 754. doi:10.3390/ijms23020754. PMC 8775613. PMID 35054941.>
Shen A, Edwards AN, Sarker MR, Paredes-Sabja D (November 2019). Fischetti VA, Novick RP, Ferretti JJ, Portnoy DA, Braunstein M, Rood JI (eds.). "Sporulation and Germination in Clostridial Pathogens". Microbiology Spectrum. 7 (6). doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.GPP3-0017-2018. PMC 6927485. PMID 31858953.
Paul CJ, Twine SM, Tam KJ, Mullen JA, Kelly JF, Austin JW, et al. (May 2007). "Flagellin Diversity in Clostridium botulinum Groups I and II: a New Strategy for Strain Identification". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 73 (9): 2963–2975. Bibcode:2007ApEnM..73.2963P. doi:10.1128/AEM.02623-06. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 1892883. PMID 17351097.
Ito KA, Chen JK, Lerke PA, Seeger ML, Unverferth JA (July 1976). "Effect of acid and salt concentration in fresh-pack pickles on the growth of Clostridium botulinum spores". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 32 (1): 121–124. Bibcode:1976ApEnM..32..121I. doi:10.1128/aem.32.1.121-124.1976. PMC 170016. PMID 9898.
Odlaug TE, Pflug IJ (March 1979). "Clostridium botulinum growth and toxin production in tomato juice containing Aspergillus gracilis". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 37 (3): 496–504. Bibcode:1979ApEnM..37..496O. doi:10.1128/aem.37.3.496-504.1979. PMC 243244. PMID 36843.
"Clostridium botulinum A str. ATCC 3502 genome assembly ASM6358v1". NCBI.
Rao AK, Sobel J, Chatham-Stephens K, Luquez C (May 2021). "Clinical Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Botulism, 2021". MMWR. Recommendations and Reports. 70 (2): 1–30. doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7002a1. PMC 8112830. PMID 33956777.
Lindström M, Korkeala H (April 2006). "Laboratory diagnostics of botulism". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 19 (2): 298–314. doi:10.1128/CMR.19.2.298-314.2006. PMC 1471988. PMID 16614251.
Akbulut D, Grant KA, McLauchlin J (September 2005). "Improvement in laboratory diagnosis of wound botulism and tetanus among injecting illicit-drug users by use of real-time PCR assays for neurotoxin gene fragments". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 43 (9): 4342–4348. doi:10.1128/JCM.43.9.4342-4348.2005. PMC 1234055. PMID 16145075.
Dezfulian M, McCroskey LM, Hatheway CL, Dowell VR (March 1981). "Selective medium for isolation of Clostridium botulinum from human feces". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 13 (3): 526–531. doi:10.1128/JCM.13.3.526-531.1981. PMC 273826. PMID 7016901.
Lonati D, Schicchi A, Crevani M, Buscaglia E, Scaravaggi G, Maida F, et al. (August 2020). "Foodborne Botulism: Clinical Diagnosis and Medical Treatment". Toxins. 12 (8): 509. doi:10.3390/toxins12080509. PMC 7472133. PMID 32784744.
Schulte M, Hamsen U, Schildhauer TA, Ramczykowski T (October 2017). "Effective and rapid treatment of wound botulism, a case report". BMC Surgery. 17 (1): 103. doi:10.1186/s12893-017-0300-4. PMC 5658925. PMID 29073888.
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