Keddy, P.A.; Drummond, C.G. (1996). "Ecological properties for the evaluation, management, and restoration of temperate deciduous forest ecosystems". Ecological Applications. 6 (3): 748–762. Bibcode:1996EcoAp...6..748K. doi:10.2307/2269480. JSTOR2269480.
Spies, Thomas A.; Franklin, Jerry F.; Thomas, Ted B. (December 1988). "Coarse Woody Debris in Douglas-Fir Forests of Western Oregon and Washington". Ecology. 69 (6): 1689–1702. Bibcode:1988Ecol...69.1689S. doi:10.2307/1941147. JSTOR1941147.
Butts, Sally R.; McComb, William C. (January 2000). "Associations of Forest-Floor Vertebrates with Coarse Woody Debris in Managed Forests of Western Oregon". The Journal of Wildlife Management. 64 (1): 95–104. doi:10.2307/3802978. JSTOR3802978.
Bilby, R. E.; Ward, J. (1991). "Characteristics and function of large woody debris in streams draining old-growth, clear-cut, and 2nd-growth forests in southwestern Washington". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 48 (12): 2499–508. doi:10.1139/f91-291. S2CID67789816.
Crook, D. A.; Robertson, A. I. (1999). "Relationships between riverine fish and woody debris: implications for lowland rivers". Marine and Freshwater Research. 50 (8): 941–53. doi:10.1071/mf99072.
Lofroth, Eric (1998), "The dead wood cycle", in Voller, J.; Harrison, S. (eds.), Conservation biology principles for forested landscapes, Vancouver, B.C.: UBC Press, pp. 185–214, archived from the original on 2008-05-01, retrieved 2007-12-06
Keddy, P.A.; Drummond, C.G. (1996). "Ecological properties for the evaluation, management, and restoration of temperate deciduous forest ecosystems". Ecological Applications. 6 (3): 748–762. Bibcode:1996EcoAp...6..748K. doi:10.2307/2269480. JSTOR2269480.
Spies, Thomas A.; Franklin, Jerry F.; Thomas, Ted B. (December 1988). "Coarse Woody Debris in Douglas-Fir Forests of Western Oregon and Washington". Ecology. 69 (6): 1689–1702. Bibcode:1988Ecol...69.1689S. doi:10.2307/1941147. JSTOR1941147.
Keddy, P.A.; Drummond, C.G. (1996). "Ecological properties for the evaluation, management, and restoration of temperate deciduous forest ecosystems". Ecological Applications. 6 (3): 748–762. Bibcode:1996EcoAp...6..748K. doi:10.2307/2269480. JSTOR2269480.
Spies, Thomas A.; Franklin, Jerry F.; Thomas, Ted B. (December 1988). "Coarse Woody Debris in Douglas-Fir Forests of Western Oregon and Washington". Ecology. 69 (6): 1689–1702. Bibcode:1988Ecol...69.1689S. doi:10.2307/1941147. JSTOR1941147.
Butts, Sally R.; McComb, William C. (January 2000). "Associations of Forest-Floor Vertebrates with Coarse Woody Debris in Managed Forests of Western Oregon". The Journal of Wildlife Management. 64 (1): 95–104. doi:10.2307/3802978. JSTOR3802978.
Bilby, R. E.; Ward, J. (1991). "Characteristics and function of large woody debris in streams draining old-growth, clear-cut, and 2nd-growth forests in southwestern Washington". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 48 (12): 2499–508. doi:10.1139/f91-291. S2CID67789816.
"Glossary". Fire Effects Information System. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
web.archive.org
Lofroth, Eric (1998), "The dead wood cycle", in Voller, J.; Harrison, S. (eds.), Conservation biology principles for forested landscapes, Vancouver, B.C.: UBC Press, pp. 185–214, archived from the original on 2008-05-01, retrieved 2007-12-06