Coenzyme Q10 (English Wikipedia)

Mantle D, Lopez-Lluch G, Hargreaves IP (January 2023). "Coenzyme Q10 Metabolism: A Review of Unresolved Issues". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 24 (3): 2585. doi:10.3390/ijms24032585. PMC 9916783. PMID 36768907. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Kadian M, Sharma G, Pandita S, Sharma K, Shrivasatava K, Saini N, et al. (2022). "The Impact of Coenzyme Q10 on Neurodegeneration: A Comprehensive Review". Current Pharmacology Reports. 8: 1–19. doi:10.1007/s40495-021-00273-6.
Mantle D, Heaton RA, Hargreaves IP (May 2021). "Coenzyme Q10 and Immune Function: An Overview". Antioxidants. 10 (5): 759. doi:10.3390/antiox10050759. PMC 8150987. PMID 34064686. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Pradhan N, Singh C, Singh A (November 2021). "Coenzyme Q10 a mitochondrial restorer for various brain disorders". Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 394 (11): 2197–2222. doi:10.1007/s00210-021-02161-8. PMID 34596729.
Manzar H, Abdulhussein D, Yap TE, Cordeiro MF (December 2020). "Cellular Consequences of Coenzyme Q10 Deficiency in Neurodegeneration of the Retina and Brain". Int J Mol Sci. 21 (23): 9299. doi:10.3390/ijms21239299. PMC 7730520. PMID 33291255. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Di Lorenzo A, Iannuzzo G, Parlato A, Cuomo G, Testa C, Coppola M, et al. (April 2020). "Clinical Evidence for Q10 Coenzyme Supplementation in Heart Failure: From Energetics to Functional Improvement". J Clin Med. 9 (5): 1266. doi:10.3390/jcm9051266. PMC 7287951. PMID 32349341. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Wang Y, Lilienfeldt N, Hekimi S. "Understanding coenzyme Q". Physiological Reviews. doi:10.1152/physrev.00040.2023. PMC 11495197. Retrieved 25 December 2025.
Nowicka B, Kruk J (September 2010). "Occurrence, biosynthesis and function of isoprenoid quinones". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics. 1797 (9): 1587–1605. Bibcode:2010BBAcB1797.1587N. doi:10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.06.007. PMID 20599680.
Ernster L, Dallner G (May 1995). "Biochemical, physiological and medical aspects of ubiquinone function". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease. 1271 (1): 195–204. doi:10.1016/0925-4439(95)00028-3. PMID 7599208.
Aberg F, Appelkvist EL, Dallner G, Ernster L (June 1992). "Distribution and redox state of ubiquinones in rat and human tissues". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 295 (2): 230–234. doi:10.1016/0003-9861(92)90511-T. PMID 1586151.
Shindo Y, Witt E, Han D, Epstein W, Packer L (January 1994). "Enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants in epidermis and dermis of human skin". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 102 (1): 122–124. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12371744. PMID 8288904.
Desbats MA, Lunardi G, Doimo M, Trevisson E, Salviati L (January 2015). "Genetic bases and clinical manifestations of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ 10) deficiency". J Inherit Metab Dis. 38 (1): 145–56. doi:10.1007/s10545-014-9749-9. PMID 25091424.
Heeringa SF, Chernin G, Chaki M, Zhou W, Sloan AJ, Ji Z, et al. (2011). "COQ6 mutations in human patients produce nephrotic syndrome with sensorineural deafness". Journal of Clinical Investigation. 121 (5): 2013–2024. doi:10.1172/JCI45693. PMC 3083770. PMID 21540551.
Justine Perrin R, Rousset-Rouvière C, Garaix F, Cano A, Conrath J, Boyer O, et al. (2020). "COQ6 mutation in patients with nephrotic syndrome, sensorineural deafness, and optic atrophy". JIMD Reports. 54 (1): 37–44. doi:10.1002/jmd2.12068. PMC 7358665. PMID 32685349.
Trevisson E, DiMauro S, Navas P, Salviati L (October 2011). "Coenzyme Q deficiency in muscle". Current Opinion in Neurology. 24 (5): 449–456. doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e32834ab528. hdl:10261/129020. PMID 21844807.
Montero R, Sánchez-Alcázar JA, Briones P, Hernández AR, Cordero MD, Trevisson E, et al. (June 2008). "Analysis of coenzyme Q10 in muscle and fibroblasts for the diagnosis of CoQ₁₀ deficiency syndromes". Clinical Biochemistry. 41 (9): 697–700. doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2008.03.007. hdl:11577/2447079. PMID 18387363.
Fawzy El-Sayed KM, Cosgarea R, Sculean A, Doerfer C (February 2024). "Can vitamins improve periodontal wound healing/regeneration?". Periodontol 2000. 94 (1): 539–602. doi:10.1111/prd.12513. PMID 37592831.
Tan JT, Barry AR (June 2017). "Coenzyme Q10 supplementation in the management of statin-associated myalgia". American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy. 74 (11): 786–793. doi:10.2146/ajhp160714. PMID 28546301. S2CID 3825396.
Kennedy C, Köller Y, Surkova E (1 April 2020). "Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on statin-associated myalgia and adherence to statin therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis". Atherosclerosis. 299: 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.03.006. PMID 32179207.
Bentinger M, Tekle M, Dallner G (May 2010). "Coenzyme Q--biosynthesis and functions". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 396 (1): 74–79. Bibcode:2010BBRC..396...74B. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.02.147. PMID 20494114.
Meganathan R (September 2001). "Ubiquinone biosynthesis in microorganisms". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 203 (2): 131–139. Bibcode:2001FEMML.203..131M. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10831.x. PMID 11583838.
Arenas-Jal M, Suñé-Negre JM, García-Montoya E (March 2020). "Coenzyme Q10 supplementation: Efficacy, safety, and formulation challenges". Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 19 (2): 574–594. doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12539. hdl:2445/181270. PMID 33325173.
Bjørklund G, Semenova Y, Gasmi A, Indika NR, Hrynovets I, Lysiuk R, et al. (2024). "Coenzyme Q10 for Enhancing Physical Activity and Extending the Human Life Cycle". Curr Med Chem. 31 (14): 1804–1817. doi:10.2174/0929867330666230228103913. PMID 36852817.
Flowers N, Hartley L, Todkill D, Stranges S, Rees K (4 December 2014). "Co-enzyme Q10 supplementation for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014 (12) CD010405. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010405.pub2. PMC 9759150. PMID 25474484.
Ho MJ, Li EC, Wright JM (March 2016). "Blood pressure lowering efficacy of coenzyme Q10 for primary hypertension". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016 (3) CD007435. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007435.pub3. PMC 6486033. PMID 26935713.
Al Saadi T, Assaf Y, Farwati M, Turkmani K, Al-Mouakeh A, Shebli B, et al. (Cochrane Heart Group) (February 2021). "Coenzyme Q10 for heart failure". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2021 (2) CD008684. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008684.pub3. PMC 8092430. PMID 35608922.
Lei L, Liu Y (July 2017). "Efficacy of CoQ₁₀ in patients with cardiac failure: a meta-analysis of clinical trials". BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. 17 (1) 196. doi:10.1186/s12872-017-0628-9. PMC 5525208. PMID 28738783. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Khan MS, Khan F, Fonarow GC, Sreenivasan J, Greene SJ, Khan SU, et al. (June 2021). "Dietary interventions and nutritional supplements for heart failure: a systematic appraisal and evidence map". European Journal of Heart Failure. 23 (9): 1468–1476. doi:10.1002/ejhf.2278. ISSN 1388-9842. PMID 34173307. Archived from the original on 2 January 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
Fladerer JP, Grollitsch S (December 2023). "Comparison of Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone) and Reduced Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinol) as Supplement to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Reduce Cardiovascular Mortality". Current Cardiology Reports. 25 (12): 1759–1767. doi:10.1007/s11886-023-01992-6. PMC 10811087. PMID 37971634.
Qu H, Guo M, Chai H, Wang WT, Gao ZY, Shi DZ (October 2018). "Effects of Coenzyme Q10 on Statin-Induced Myopathy: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials". Journal of the American Heart Association. 7 (19) e009835. doi:10.1161/JAHA.118.009835. PMC 6404871. PMID 30371340. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Banach M, Serban C, Sahebkar A, Ursoniu S, Rysz J, Muntner P, et al. (January 2015). "Effects of coenzyme Q10 on statin-induced myopathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". Mayo Clinic Proceedings (Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis). 90 (1): 24–34. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.08.021. PMID 25440725.
Bhagavan HN, Chopra RK (May 2006). "Coenzyme Q10: absorption, tissue uptake, metabolism and pharmacokinetics". Free Radical Research. 40 (5): 445–453. Bibcode:2006FdRR...40..445B. doi:10.1080/10715760600617843. PMID 16551570. S2CID 39001523.
Ochiai A, Itagaki S, Kurokawa T, Kobayashi M, Hirano T, Iseki K (August 2007). "Improvement in intestinal coenzyme q10 absorption by food intake". Yakugaku Zasshi. 127 (8): 1251–1254. doi:10.1248/yakushi.127.1251. hdl:2115/30144. PMID 17666877.^{[verification needed]}
Mantle D, Dybring A (2020). "Bioavailability of Coenzyme Q10: An Overview of the Absorption Process and Subsequent Metabolism". Antioxidants. 9 (5): 386. doi:10.3390/antiox9050386. PMC 7278738. PMID 32380795.
Martucci A, Reurean-Pintilei D, Manole A (2019). "Bioavailability and Sustained Plasma Concentrations of CoQ10 in Healthy Volunteers by a Novel Oral Timed-Release Preparation". Nutrients. 11 (3): 527. doi:10.3390/nu11030527. PMC 6471387. PMID 30823449.
Mathiowitz E, Jacob JS, Jong YS, Carino GP, Chickering DE, Chaturvedi P, et al. (March 1997). "Biologically erodable microspheres as potential oral drug delivery systems". Nature. 386 (6623): 410–414. Bibcode:1997Natur.386..410M. doi:10.1038/386410a0. PMID 9121559. S2CID 4324209.
Hsu CH, Cui Z, Mumper RJ, Jay M (2003). "Preparation and characterization of novel coenzyme Q10 nanoparticles engineered from microemulsion precursors". AAPS PharmSciTech. 4 (3) E32. doi:10.1208/pt040332. PMC 2750625. PMID 14621964.^{[verification needed]}
Joshi SS, Sawant SV, Shedge A, Halpner AD (January 2003). "Comparative bioavailability of two novel coenzyme Q10 preparations in humans". International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 41 (1): 42–48. doi:10.5414/CPP41042. PMID 12564745.^{[verification needed]}
Zmitek J, Smidovnik A, Fir M, Prosek M, Zmitek K, Walczak J, et al. (2008). "Relative bioavailability of two forms of a novel water-soluble coenzyme Q10". Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism. 52 (4): 281–287. doi:10.1159/000129661. PMID 18645245. S2CID 825159.
Wyman M, Leonard M, Morledge T (July 2010). "Coenzyme Q10: a therapy for hypertension and statin-induced myalgia?". Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine. 77 (7): 435–442. doi:10.3949/ccjm.77a.09078. PMID 20601617. S2CID 26572524.
Hathcock JN, Shao A (August 2006). "Risk assessment for coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone)". Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology. 45 (3): 282–288. doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2006.05.006. PMID 16814438.
Sharma A, Fonarow GC, Butler J, Ezekowitz JA, Felker GM (April 2016). "Coenzyme Q10 and Heart Failure: A State-of-the-Art Review". Circulation: Heart Failure. 9 (4) e002639. doi:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002639. PMID 27012265. S2CID 2034503.
Pravst I, Zmitek K, Zmitek J (April 2010). "Coenzyme Q10 contents in foods and fortification strategies". Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 50 (4): 269–280. doi:10.1080/10408390902773037. PMID 20301015. S2CID 38779392.
Pyo Y, Oh H (2011). "Ubiquinone contents in Korean fermented foods and average daily intakes". Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 24 (8): 1123–1129. doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2011.03.018.
Morton RA (December 1958). "Ubiquinone". Nature. 182 (4652): 1764–1767. Bibcode:1958Natur.182.1764M. doi:10.1038/1821764a0. PMID 13622652.
Crane FL, Hatefi Y, Lester RL, Widmer C (July 1957). "Isolation of a quinone from beef heart mitochondria". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 25 (1): 220–221. doi:10.1016/0006-3002(57)90457-2. PMID 13445756.
Wolf DE (1958). "Coenzyme Q. I. structure studies on the coenzyme Q group". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 80 (17): 4752. Bibcode:1958JAChS..80.4752W. doi:10.1021/ja01550a096. ISSN 0002-7863.
Mellors A, Tappel AL (July 1966). "Quinones and quinols as inhibitors of lipid peroxidation". Lipids. 1 (4): 282–284. doi:10.1007/BF02531617. PMID 17805631. S2CID 2129339.

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US 6197349, Westesen K, Siekmann B, "Particles with modified physicochemical properties, their preparation and uses", published 2001
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Trevisson E, DiMauro S, Navas P, Salviati L (October 2011). "Coenzyme Q deficiency in muscle". Current Opinion in Neurology. 24 (5): 449–456. doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e32834ab528. hdl:10261/129020. PMID 21844807.
Montero R, Sánchez-Alcázar JA, Briones P, Hernández AR, Cordero MD, Trevisson E, et al. (June 2008). "Analysis of coenzyme Q10 in muscle and fibroblasts for the diagnosis of CoQ₁₀ deficiency syndromes". Clinical Biochemistry. 41 (9): 697–700. doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2008.03.007. hdl:11577/2447079. PMID 18387363.
Arenas-Jal M, Suñé-Negre JM, García-Montoya E (March 2020). "Coenzyme Q10 supplementation: Efficacy, safety, and formulation challenges". Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 19 (2): 574–594. doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12539. hdl:2445/181270. PMID 33325173.
Ochiai A, Itagaki S, Kurokawa T, Kobayashi M, Hirano T, Iseki K (August 2007). "Improvement in intestinal coenzyme q10 absorption by food intake". Yakugaku Zasshi. 127 (8): 1251–1254. doi:10.1248/yakushi.127.1251. hdl:2115/30144. PMID 17666877.^{[verification needed]}

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

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Nowicka B, Kruk J (September 2010). "Occurrence, biosynthesis and function of isoprenoid quinones". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics. 1797 (9): 1587–1605. Bibcode:2010BBAcB1797.1587N. doi:10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.06.007. PMID 20599680.
Bentinger M, Tekle M, Dallner G (May 2010). "Coenzyme Q--biosynthesis and functions". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 396 (1): 74–79. Bibcode:2010BBRC..396...74B. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.02.147. PMID 20494114.
Meganathan R (September 2001). "Ubiquinone biosynthesis in microorganisms". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 203 (2): 131–139. Bibcode:2001FEMML.203..131M. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10831.x. PMID 11583838.
Bhagavan HN, Chopra RK (May 2006). "Coenzyme Q10: absorption, tissue uptake, metabolism and pharmacokinetics". Free Radical Research. 40 (5): 445–453. Bibcode:2006FdRR...40..445B. doi:10.1080/10715760600617843. PMID 16551570. S2CID 39001523.
Mathiowitz E, Jacob JS, Jong YS, Carino GP, Chickering DE, Chaturvedi P, et al. (March 1997). "Biologically erodable microspheres as potential oral drug delivery systems". Nature. 386 (6623): 410–414. Bibcode:1997Natur.386..410M. doi:10.1038/386410a0. PMID 9121559. S2CID 4324209.
Morton RA (December 1958). "Ubiquinone". Nature. 182 (4652): 1764–1767. Bibcode:1958Natur.182.1764M. doi:10.1038/1821764a0. PMID 13622652.
Wolf DE (1958). "Coenzyme Q. I. structure studies on the coenzyme Q group". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 80 (17): 4752. Bibcode:1958JAChS..80.4752W. doi:10.1021/ja01550a096. ISSN 0002-7863.

nice.org.uk (Global: 3,258^th place; English: 2,666^th place)

"Mitochondrial disorders in children: Co-enzyme Q10". nice.org.uk. UK: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. 28 March 2017. Archived from the original on 10 October 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2019.

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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Sood B, Preeti Patel P, Keenaghan M (30 January 2024). "Coenzyme Q10". StatPearls, US National Library of Medicine. PMID 30285386. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
Mantle D, Lopez-Lluch G, Hargreaves IP (January 2023). "Coenzyme Q10 Metabolism: A Review of Unresolved Issues". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 24 (3): 2585. doi:10.3390/ijms24032585. PMC 9916783. PMID 36768907. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Mantle D, Heaton RA, Hargreaves IP (May 2021). "Coenzyme Q10 and Immune Function: An Overview". Antioxidants. 10 (5): 759. doi:10.3390/antiox10050759. PMC 8150987. PMID 34064686. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Pradhan N, Singh C, Singh A (November 2021). "Coenzyme Q10 a mitochondrial restorer for various brain disorders". Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 394 (11): 2197–2222. doi:10.1007/s00210-021-02161-8. PMID 34596729.
Manzar H, Abdulhussein D, Yap TE, Cordeiro MF (December 2020). "Cellular Consequences of Coenzyme Q10 Deficiency in Neurodegeneration of the Retina and Brain". Int J Mol Sci. 21 (23): 9299. doi:10.3390/ijms21239299. PMC 7730520. PMID 33291255. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Di Lorenzo A, Iannuzzo G, Parlato A, Cuomo G, Testa C, Coppola M, et al. (April 2020). "Clinical Evidence for Q10 Coenzyme Supplementation in Heart Failure: From Energetics to Functional Improvement". J Clin Med. 9 (5): 1266. doi:10.3390/jcm9051266. PMC 7287951. PMID 32349341. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Nowicka B, Kruk J (September 2010). "Occurrence, biosynthesis and function of isoprenoid quinones". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics. 1797 (9): 1587–1605. Bibcode:2010BBAcB1797.1587N. doi:10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.06.007. PMID 20599680.
Ernster L, Dallner G (May 1995). "Biochemical, physiological and medical aspects of ubiquinone function". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease. 1271 (1): 195–204. doi:10.1016/0925-4439(95)00028-3. PMID 7599208.
Okamoto T, Matsuya T, Fukunaga Y, Kishi T, Yamagami T (1989). "Human serum ubiquinol-10 levels and relationship to serum lipids". International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research. 59 (3): 288–292. PMID 2599795.
Aberg F, Appelkvist EL, Dallner G, Ernster L (June 1992). "Distribution and redox state of ubiquinones in rat and human tissues". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 295 (2): 230–234. doi:10.1016/0003-9861(92)90511-T. PMID 1586151.
Shindo Y, Witt E, Han D, Epstein W, Packer L (January 1994). "Enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants in epidermis and dermis of human skin". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 102 (1): 122–124. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12371744. PMID 8288904.
Desbats MA, Lunardi G, Doimo M, Trevisson E, Salviati L (January 2015). "Genetic bases and clinical manifestations of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ 10) deficiency". J Inherit Metab Dis. 38 (1): 145–56. doi:10.1007/s10545-014-9749-9. PMID 25091424.
Heeringa SF, Chernin G, Chaki M, Zhou W, Sloan AJ, Ji Z, et al. (2011). "COQ6 mutations in human patients produce nephrotic syndrome with sensorineural deafness". Journal of Clinical Investigation. 121 (5): 2013–2024. doi:10.1172/JCI45693. PMC 3083770. PMID 21540551.
Justine Perrin R, Rousset-Rouvière C, Garaix F, Cano A, Conrath J, Boyer O, et al. (2020). "COQ6 mutation in patients with nephrotic syndrome, sensorineural deafness, and optic atrophy". JIMD Reports. 54 (1): 37–44. doi:10.1002/jmd2.12068. PMC 7358665. PMID 32685349.
Trevisson E, DiMauro S, Navas P, Salviati L (October 2011). "Coenzyme Q deficiency in muscle". Current Opinion in Neurology. 24 (5): 449–456. doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e32834ab528. hdl:10261/129020. PMID 21844807.
Montero R, Sánchez-Alcázar JA, Briones P, Hernández AR, Cordero MD, Trevisson E, et al. (June 2008). "Analysis of coenzyme Q10 in muscle and fibroblasts for the diagnosis of CoQ₁₀ deficiency syndromes". Clinical Biochemistry. 41 (9): 697–700. doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2008.03.007. hdl:11577/2447079. PMID 18387363.
Fawzy El-Sayed KM, Cosgarea R, Sculean A, Doerfer C (February 2024). "Can vitamins improve periodontal wound healing/regeneration?". Periodontol 2000. 94 (1): 539–602. doi:10.1111/prd.12513. PMID 37592831.
Tan JT, Barry AR (June 2017). "Coenzyme Q10 supplementation in the management of statin-associated myalgia". American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy. 74 (11): 786–793. doi:10.2146/ajhp160714. PMID 28546301. S2CID 3825396.
Kennedy C, Köller Y, Surkova E (1 April 2020). "Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on statin-associated myalgia and adherence to statin therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis". Atherosclerosis. 299: 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.03.006. PMID 32179207.
Bentinger M, Tekle M, Dallner G (May 2010). "Coenzyme Q--biosynthesis and functions". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 396 (1): 74–79. Bibcode:2010BBRC..396...74B. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.02.147. PMID 20494114.
Meganathan R (September 2001). "Ubiquinone biosynthesis in microorganisms". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 203 (2): 131–139. Bibcode:2001FEMML.203..131M. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10831.x. PMID 11583838.
Arenas-Jal M, Suñé-Negre JM, García-Montoya E (March 2020). "Coenzyme Q10 supplementation: Efficacy, safety, and formulation challenges". Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 19 (2): 574–594. doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12539. hdl:2445/181270. PMID 33325173.
Bjørklund G, Semenova Y, Gasmi A, Indika NR, Hrynovets I, Lysiuk R, et al. (2024). "Coenzyme Q10 for Enhancing Physical Activity and Extending the Human Life Cycle". Curr Med Chem. 31 (14): 1804–1817. doi:10.2174/0929867330666230228103913. PMID 36852817.
PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board (2002). Coenzyme Q10: Health Professional Version. PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board. PMID 26389329.
Hojerová J (May 2000). "[Coenzyme Q10--its importance, properties and use in nutrition and cosmetics]". Ceska a Slovenska Farmacie. 49 (3): 119–123. PMID 10953455.
Flowers N, Hartley L, Todkill D, Stranges S, Rees K (4 December 2014). "Co-enzyme Q10 supplementation for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014 (12) CD010405. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010405.pub2. PMC 9759150. PMID 25474484.
Ho MJ, Li EC, Wright JM (March 2016). "Blood pressure lowering efficacy of coenzyme Q10 for primary hypertension". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016 (3) CD007435. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007435.pub3. PMC 6486033. PMID 26935713.
Al Saadi T, Assaf Y, Farwati M, Turkmani K, Al-Mouakeh A, Shebli B, et al. (Cochrane Heart Group) (February 2021). "Coenzyme Q10 for heart failure". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2021 (2) CD008684. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008684.pub3. PMC 8092430. PMID 35608922.
Lei L, Liu Y (July 2017). "Efficacy of CoQ₁₀ in patients with cardiac failure: a meta-analysis of clinical trials". BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. 17 (1) 196. doi:10.1186/s12872-017-0628-9. PMC 5525208. PMID 28738783. This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Khan MS, Khan F, Fonarow GC, Sreenivasan J, Greene SJ, Khan SU, et al. (June 2021). "Dietary interventions and nutritional supplements for heart failure: a systematic appraisal and evidence map". European Journal of Heart Failure. 23 (9): 1468–1476. doi:10.1002/ejhf.2278. ISSN 1388-9842. PMID 34173307. Archived from the original on 2 January 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
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Fladerer JP, Grollitsch S (December 2023). "Comparison of Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinone) and Reduced Coenzyme Q10 (Ubiquinol) as Supplement to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Reduce Cardiovascular Mortality". Current Cardiology Reports. 25 (12): 1759–1767. doi:10.1007/s11886-023-01992-6. PMC 10811087. PMID 37971634.
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Mantle D, Dybring A (2020). "Bioavailability of Coenzyme Q10: An Overview of the Absorption Process and Subsequent Metabolism". Antioxidants. 9 (5): 386. doi:10.3390/antiox9050386. PMC 7278738. PMID 32380795.
Martucci A, Reurean-Pintilei D, Manole A (2019). "Bioavailability and Sustained Plasma Concentrations of CoQ10 in Healthy Volunteers by a Novel Oral Timed-Release Preparation". Nutrients. 11 (3): 527. doi:10.3390/nu11030527. PMC 6471387. PMID 30823449.
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nccih.nih.gov

"Coenzyme Q10". National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, US National Institutes of Health. January 2019. Archived from the original on 4 April 2024. Retrieved 13 April 2024.

pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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"Coenzyme Q10". Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University. 2018. Archived from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 13 April 2024.

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Wang Y, Lilienfeldt N, Hekimi S. "Understanding coenzyme Q". Physiological Reviews. doi:10.1152/physrev.00040.2023. PMC 11495197. Retrieved 25 December 2025.

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Žmitek J, ŽMitek K, Pravs I (2008). "Improving the bioavailability of coenzyme q10 from theory to practice". Agro Food Industry Hi-Tech. Archived from the original on 23 April 2024. Retrieved 5 April 2024.

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Tan JT, Barry AR (June 2017). "Coenzyme Q10 supplementation in the management of statin-associated myalgia". American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy. 74 (11): 786–793. doi:10.2146/ajhp160714. PMID 28546301. S2CID 3825396.
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Mathiowitz E, Jacob JS, Jong YS, Carino GP, Chickering DE, Chaturvedi P, et al. (March 1997). "Biologically erodable microspheres as potential oral drug delivery systems". Nature. 386 (6623): 410–414. Bibcode:1997Natur.386..410M. doi:10.1038/386410a0. PMID 9121559. S2CID 4324209.
Zmitek J, Smidovnik A, Fir M, Prosek M, Zmitek K, Walczak J, et al. (2008). "Relative bioavailability of two forms of a novel water-soluble coenzyme Q10". Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism. 52 (4): 281–287. doi:10.1159/000129661. PMID 18645245. S2CID 825159.
Wyman M, Leonard M, Morledge T (July 2010). "Coenzyme Q10: a therapy for hypertension and statin-induced myalgia?". Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine. 77 (7): 435–442. doi:10.3949/ccjm.77a.09078. PMID 20601617. S2CID 26572524.
Sharma A, Fonarow GC, Butler J, Ezekowitz JA, Felker GM (April 2016). "Coenzyme Q10 and Heart Failure: A State-of-the-Art Review". Circulation: Heart Failure. 9 (4) e002639. doi:10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002639. PMID 27012265. S2CID 2034503.
Pravst I, Zmitek K, Zmitek J (April 2010). "Coenzyme Q10 contents in foods and fortification strategies". Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 50 (4): 269–280. doi:10.1080/10408390902773037. PMID 20301015. S2CID 38779392.
Mellors A, Tappel AL (July 1966). "Quinones and quinols as inhibitors of lipid peroxidation". Lipids. 1 (4): 282–284. doi:10.1007/BF02531617. PMID 17805631. S2CID 2129339.

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"Coenzyme Q10". Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University. 2018. Archived from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
Sood B, Preeti Patel P, Keenaghan M (30 January 2024). "Coenzyme Q10". StatPearls, US National Library of Medicine. PMID 30285386. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
"Coenzyme Q10". National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, US National Institutes of Health. January 2019. Archived from the original on 4 April 2024. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
Žmitek J, ŽMitek K, Pravs I (2008). "Improving the bioavailability of coenzyme q10 from theory to practice". Agro Food Industry Hi-Tech. Archived from the original on 23 April 2024. Retrieved 5 April 2024.
"Nephrotic Syndrome – COQ6 Associated (Concept Id: C4054393) – MedGen – NCBI". Archived from the original on 6 April 2024. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
"Mitochondrial disorders in children: Co-enzyme Q10". nice.org.uk. UK: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. 28 March 2017. Archived from the original on 10 October 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
Khan MS, Khan F, Fonarow GC, Sreenivasan J, Greene SJ, Khan SU, et al. (June 2021). "Dietary interventions and nutritional supplements for heart failure: a systematic appraisal and evidence map". European Journal of Heart Failure. 23 (9): 1468–1476. doi:10.1002/ejhf.2278. ISSN 1388-9842. PMID 34173307. Archived from the original on 2 January 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2024.

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onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Khan MS, Khan F, Fonarow GC, Sreenivasan J, Greene SJ, Khan SU, et al. (June 2021). "Dietary interventions and nutritional supplements for heart failure: a systematic appraisal and evidence map". European Journal of Heart Failure. 23 (9): 1468–1476. doi:10.1002/ejhf.2278. ISSN 1388-9842. PMID 34173307. Archived from the original on 2 January 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2024.

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Khan MS, Khan F, Fonarow GC, Sreenivasan J, Greene SJ, Khan SU, et al. (June 2021). "Dietary interventions and nutritional supplements for heart failure: a systematic appraisal and evidence map". European Journal of Heart Failure. 23 (9): 1468–1476. doi:10.1002/ejhf.2278. ISSN 1388-9842. PMID 34173307. Archived from the original on 2 January 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
Wolf DE (1958). "Coenzyme Q. I. structure studies on the coenzyme Q group". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 80 (17): 4752. Bibcode:1958JAChS..80.4752W. doi:10.1021/ja01550a096. ISSN 0002-7863.

Coenzyme Q10 (English Wikipedia)

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