Common raven (English Wikipedia)

Rozell, Ned. "The Raven's Game of Hide and Seek". Alaska Science Forum. Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks. Archived from the original on 11 June 2007. Retrieved 7 May 2007.

alaska.gov (Global: 3,661^st place; English: 2,026^th place)

adfg.alaska.gov

Schwan, Mark (January 1990). "Raven: The Northern Bird of Paradox". Alaska Fish and Game. Archived from the original on 2 January 2010. Retrieved 12 February 2007.

alaskapublic.org (Global: low place; English: 7,165^th place)

Anchorage, Rhonda McBride, KNBA- (30 January 2024). "Anchorage's white raven becomes a local legend as a tracked trickster". Alaska Public Media. Retrieved 10 December 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

ancienttexts.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Jones, M. "The Death of Cu Chulainn". Academy for Ancient Texts. Retrieved 19 May 2007.

animaldiversity.org (Global: 1,343^rd place; English: 1,384^th place)

"Corvus corax (Common raven)". Animal Diversity Web.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Heinrich, Bernd (1989). Ravens in Winter. New York: Summit Books. ISBN 978-0-671-67809-8.
Phillott, D.C. (1907). "Note on the common raven-Corvus corax". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 3: 115–116.
Ford, Patrick K. (1977). "Branwen daughter of Llŷr". The Mabinogi and Other Medieval Welsh Tales. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-03414-3.

audubonportland.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Common Raven". Audubon Society of Portland. 2012. Retrieved 6 November 2012.

baltimorebirdclub.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Baltimore Bird Club. Group Name for Birds: A Partial List". Retrieved 3 June 2007.

biblegateway.com (Global: 888^th place; English: 1,110^th place)

"Genesis 8:6-8 - New King James Version". Bible Gateway. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
"Luke 12:24 - New Living Translation". Bible Gateway. Retrieved 2 July 2023.

biodiversitylibrary.org (Global: 168^th place; English: 136^th place)

Eates, KR (1939). "The distribution and nidification of the Indian (Punjab) Raven (Corvus corax laurencei Hume) in Sind". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 40 (4): 747–750.
Droste, Ferdinand Baron von (1869). "Vogelfauna der Färöer (Färöernes Fuglefauna af Sysselmaand Müller 1862.) Aus dem Dänischen übersetzt und mit Anmerkungen versehen. Teil 1". Journal of Ornithology (in German). 17 (2): 107–118. doi:10.1007/BF02261546. S2CID 43875817.
Hingston, R W G (1927). "Bird notes from the Mount Everest expedition of 1924". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 32 (2): 320–329.

biolovision.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

files.biolovision.net

Malafosse, J. (1985). "Quelques données sur le Hibou grand-duc (Bubo bubo) dans le département de la Lozère de 1978 à 1984" (PDF). Le Grand-Duc. 26: 26–32.

birdsoftheworld.org (Global: 1,685^th place; English: 1,957^th place)

Boarman, W I; Heinrich, B (2020). del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David A; de Juana, Eduardo (eds.). "Common Raven (Corvus corax), version 1.0". Birds of the World. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. doi:10.2173/bow.grswoo.01. S2CID 226025386.

canadiangeographic.ca (Global: low place; English: 8,992^nd place)

nationalbird.canadiangeographic.ca

"Common raven (Corvus corax)". The National Bird Project. Archived from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 31 December 2016.

cornell.edu (Global: 308^th place; English: 253^rd place)

bna.birds.cornell.edu

Boarman, William I. and Heinrich, Bernd (1999) Common Raven (Corvus corax), The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology.

usda.mannlib.cornell.edu

Sheep and Goats Death Loss. National Agricultural Statistics Service. 6 May 2005. Retrieved 27 December 2007.

csusm.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

public.csusm.edu

Kristan, William B.; Boarman, William I.; Crayon, John J. (March 2004). "Diet composition of common ravens across the urban-wildland interface of the West Mojave Desert" (PDF). Wildlife Society Bulletin. 32 (1): 244–253. doi:10.2193/0091-7648(2004)32[244:DCOCRA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 29170244.

digitaljournal.com (Global: 4,642^nd place; English: 2,943^rd place)

Dearing, Stephanie (5 July 2010). "Another rare white raven born this year on Canadian beach". Digital Journal. Retrieved 7 November 2014.

dof.dk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Liste over Færøernes fugle" (PDF). Dansk Ornitologisk Forening. Retrieved 31 July 2023.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

BirdLife International (2017). "Corvus corax". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T22706068A113271893. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22706068A113271893.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
Omland KE; Tarr CL; Boarman WI; Marzluff JM; Fleischer RC (2000). "Cryptic genetic variation and paraphyly in ravens". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 267 (1461): 2475–2482. Bibcode:2000RSPSB.267.2475O. doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1308. PMC 1690844. PMID 11197122.
Boarman, W I; Heinrich, B (2020). del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David A; de Juana, Eduardo (eds.). "Common Raven (Corvus corax), version 1.0". Birds of the World. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. doi:10.2173/bow.grswoo.01. S2CID 226025386.
Feldman, Christopher R.; Omland, Kevin E. (March 2005). "Phylogenetics of the common raven complex (Corvus: Corvidae) and the utility of ND4, COI and intron 7 of the β-fibrinogen gene in avian molecular systematics". Zoologica Scripta. 34 (2): 145–156. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2005.00182.x. S2CID 85196387.
Webb, William C.; Marzluff, John M.; Omland, Kevin E. (2011). "Random interbreeding between cryptic lineages of the Common Raven: evidence for speciation in reverse". Molecular Ecology. 20 (11): 2390–2402. Bibcode:2011MolEc..20.2390W. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05095.x. PMID 21518060. S2CID 7684306.
Baker, Jason M.; Omland, Kevin E. (January 2006). "Canary Island Ravens Corvus corax tingitanus have distinct mtDNA". Ibis. 148 (1): 174–178. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2006.00493.x.
Boarman, William I.; Heinrich, Bernd (1999). Poole, A.; Gill, F. (eds.). "Common Raven (Corvus corax)". Birds of North America. 476: 1–32. doi:10.2173/bna.476.
Elliot, R. D. (1977). "Hanging behavior in Common Ravens". Auk. 94 (4): 777–778. doi:10.2307/4085278. JSTOR 4085278.
Schwan, M. W.; Williams, D. D. (1978). "Temperature regulation in the common raven of interior Alaska". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A. 60 (1): 31–36. doi:10.1016/0300-9629(78)90033-6.
Droste, Ferdinand Baron von (1869). "Vogelfauna der Färöer (Färöernes Fuglefauna af Sysselmaand Müller 1862.) Aus dem Dänischen übersetzt und mit Anmerkungen versehen. Teil 1". Journal of Ornithology (in German). 17 (2): 107–118. doi:10.1007/BF02261546. S2CID 43875817.
Gwinner, E. (1964). "Untersuchungen über das ausdrucks und Sozialverhalten des Kolkraben (Corvus corax L.)". Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie (in German). 21 (6): 657–748. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1964.tb01212.x.
Temple, Stanley A. (March 1974). "Winter food habits of Ravens on the Arctic Slope of Alaska" (PDF). Arctic. 27 (1): 41–46. doi:10.14430/arctic2851. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 May 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2014.
Ewins, P. J.; Dymond, J. N.; Marquiss, M. (1986). "The distribution, breeding and diet of Ravens Corvus corax in Shetland". Bird Study. 33 (2): 110–116. Bibcode:1986BirdS..33..110E. doi:10.1080/00063658609476906.
Cockrem, J. F. (2007). "Stress, corticosterone responses and avian personalities". Journal of Ornithology. 148 (S2): 169–178. doi:10.1007/s10336-007-0175-8. S2CID 9578614.
Murie, O. J. (1940). "Food habits of the northern Bald Eagle in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska". Condor. 42 (4): 198–202. doi:10.2307/1363948. JSTOR 1363948.
Olendorff, R. R. (1976). "The food habits of North American golden eagles". American Midland Naturalist. 95 (1): 231–236. doi:10.2307/2424254. JSTOR 2424254.
Wille, F. & Kampp, K. (1983). "Food of the white-tailed eagle Haliaeetus albicilla in Greenland". Ecography. 6 (1): 81–88. Bibcode:1983Ecogr...6...81W. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.1983.tb01068.x.
Chavko, J.; Danko, Š.; Obuch, J. & Mihók, J. (2007). "The food of the Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) in Slovakia". Slovak Raptor Journal. 1 (1): 1–18. doi:10.2478/v10262-012-0001-y. S2CID 85142585.
Jenkins, M. A. (1978). "Gyrfalcon nesting behavior from hatching to fledging". Auk. 95 (1): 122–127. doi:10.2307/4085502. JSTOR 4085502.
Gwinner, Eberhard (April 1965). "Beobachtungen über Nestbau und Brutpflege des Kolkraben (Corvus corax L.) in Gefangenschaft". Journal of Ornithology (in German). 106 (2): 145–178. Bibcode:1965JOrn..106..145G. doi:10.1007/BF01793758. S2CID 22796437.
Janes, Stewart W. (1976). "The apparent use of rocks by a raven in nest defense" (PDF). Condor. 78 (3): 409. doi:10.2307/1367704. JSTOR 1367704. Retrieved 26 March 2009.
Nelson, A.L. (January 1934). "Some early summer food preferences of the American Raven in southeastern Oregon" (PDF). Condor. 36 (1): 10–15. doi:10.2307/1363515. JSTOR 1363515. Retrieved 16 May 2007.
Gaston, A.J.; Elliot, R.D. (1996). "Predation by Ravens Corvus corax on Brünnich's Guillemot Uria lomvia eggs and chicks and its possible impact on breeding site selection". Ibis. 138 (4): 742–748. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1996.tb08831.x.
Careau, Vincent; Lecomte, Nicolas; Giroux, Jean-François; Berteaux, Dominique (January 2007). "Common ravens raid arctic fox food caches". Journal of Ethology. 25 (1): 79–82. Bibcode:2007JEtho..25...79C. doi:10.1007/s10164-006-0193-7. S2CID 23425485.
Stahler, Daniel; Heinrich, Bernd; Smith, Douglas (August 2002). "Common ravens, Corvus corax, preferentially associate with grey wolves, Canis lupus, as a foraging strategy in winter". Animal Behaviour. 64 (2): 283–290. Bibcode:2002AnBeh..64..283S. doi:10.1006/anbe.2002.3047. S2CID 53176223.
Snyder, Noel F. R.; Ramey, Rob R.; Sibley, Fred C (1986). "Nest-site Biology of the California Condor" (PDF). The Condor. 88 (2): 228–241. Bibcode:1986Condo..88..228S. doi:10.2307/1368920. JSTOR 1368920.
Kristan, William B.; Boarman, William I.; Crayon, John J. (March 2004). "Diet composition of common ravens across the urban-wildland interface of the West Mojave Desert" (PDF). Wildlife Society Bulletin. 32 (1): 244–253. doi:10.2193/0091-7648(2004)32[244:DCOCRA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 29170244.
Engel, Kathleen A.; Young, Leonard S. (May 1989). "Spatial and temporal patterns in the diet of Common Ravens in southwestern Idaho" (PDF). Condor. 91 (2): 372–378. Bibcode:1989Condo..91..372E. doi:10.2307/1368316. JSTOR 1368316. Retrieved 16 May 2005.
Heinrich, Bernd (1988). "Winter foraging at carcasses by three sympatric corvids, with emphasis on recruitment by the raven, Corvus corax". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 23 (3): 141–156. Bibcode:1988BEcoS..23..141H. doi:10.1007/BF00300349. S2CID 10471307.
Heinrich, Bernd (1995). "An Experimental Investigation of Insight in Common Ravens (Corvus corax)" (PDF). The Auk. 112 (4): 994–1003. Bibcode:1995Auk...112..994H. doi:10.2307/4089030. JSTOR 4089030. Retrieved 16 May 2007.
Bugnyar, Thomas; Kotrschal, Kurt (2004). "Leading a conspecific away from food in ravens (Corvus corax)?" (PDF). Animal Cognition. 7 (2): 69–76. doi:10.1007/s10071-003-0189-4. PMID 15069605. S2CID 6590368. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2015.
Müller, J. J. A.; Massen, J. J. M.; Bugnyar, T.; Osvath, M. (1 June 2017). "Ravens remember the nature of a single reciprocal interaction sequence over 2 days and even after a month". Animal Behaviour. 128: 69–78. Bibcode:2017AnBeh.128...69M. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.04.004. hdl:1887/76850. ISSN 0003-3472. S2CID 27527201.
Massen, Jorg J. M.; Ritter, Caroline; Bugnyar, Thomas (7 October 2015). "Tolerance and reward equity predict cooperation in ravens (Corvus corax)". Scientific Reports. 5 (1) 15021. Bibcode:2015NatSR...515021M. doi:10.1038/srep15021. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4595729. PMID 26442633.
Kijne, M.; Kotrschal, K (2002). "Neophobia affects choice of food-item size in group-foraging common ravens (Corvus corax)". Acta Ethologica. 5 (1): 13–18. doi:10.1007/s10211-002-0061-6. S2CID 39984855.
Pika, Simone; Sima, Miriam Jennifer; Blum, Christian R.; Herrmann, Esther; Mundry, Roger (10 December 2020). "Ravens parallel great apes in physical and social cognitive skills". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 20617. Bibcode:2020NatSR..1020617P. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77060-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7728792. PMID 33303790. S2CID 228099688.
Larsen, Kenneth H.; Dietrich, John H. (January 1970). "Reduction of a raven population on lambing grounds with DRC-1339". Journal of Wildlife Management. 34 (1): 200–204. Bibcode:1970JWMan..34..200L. doi:10.2307/3799509. JSTOR 3799509.
Pohja-Mykrä M; Vuorisalo T; Mykrä S (2005). "Hunting bounties as a key measure of historical wildlife management and game conservation: Finnish bounty schemes 1647–1975". Oryx. 39 (3): 284–291. Bibcode:2005Oryx...39..284P. doi:10.1017/S0030605305000785.
Lavelle, Michael J.; Kay, Shannon L.; Pepin, Kim M.; Grear, Daniel A.; Campa, Henry; VerCauteren, Kurt C. (1 December 2016). "Evaluating wildlife-cattle contact rates to improve the understanding of dynamics of bovine tuberculosis transmission in Michigan, USA". Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 135: 28–36. doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.10.009. ISSN 0167-5877. PMID 27931926.
Wheeler, Sarah S.; Barker, Christopher M.; Fang, Ying; Armijos, M. Veronica; Carroll, Brian D.; Husted, Stan; Johnson, Wesley O.; Reisen, William K. (2009). "Differential Impact of West Nile Virus on California Birds". The Condor. 111 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1525/cond.2009.080013. ISSN 0010-5422. PMC 2892874. PMID 20589226.
Bogoras, W. (1902). "The Folklore of Northeastern Asia, as Compared with That of Northwestern America". American Anthropologist. 4 (4): 577–683. doi:10.1525/aa.1902.4.4.02a00020.

environment.gov.au (Global: 1,908^th place; English: 1,156^th place)

Australian Bird and Bat Banding Scheme Satin Bowerbird

etymonline.com (Global: 669^th place; English: 670^th place)

"Raven". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 14 May 2007.

euring.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"European Longevity Records". European Union for Bird Ringing. Retrieved 5 April 2011.

garden-birds.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Raven". British Garden Birds. Retrieved 19 December 2012.

gov.im (Global: 8,132^nd place; English: 5,330^th place)

Isle of Man Government. "Island Facts – Isle of Man Government". Archived from the original on 10 May 2007. Retrieved 19 May 2007.

gov.yk.ca (Global: low place; English: 9,167^th place)

"Yukon Territorial Bird". Government of Yukon. Archived from the original on 12 February 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2007.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Oberholser, Harry C. (1918). "The Common Ravens of North America". The Ohio Journal of Science. 18 (6): 213–225. hdl:1811/1993.
Müller, J. J. A.; Massen, J. J. M.; Bugnyar, T.; Osvath, M. (1 June 2017). "Ravens remember the nature of a single reciprocal interaction sequence over 2 days and even after a month". Animal Behaviour. 128: 69–78. Bibcode:2017AnBeh.128...69M. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.04.004. hdl:1887/76850. ISSN 0003-3472. S2CID 27527201.

hiwwt.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Raven | Hampshire and Isle of Wight Wildlife Trust". www.hiwwt.org.uk. Retrieved 3 October 2020.

iucnredlist.org (Global: 39^th place; English: 71^st place)

BirdLife International (2017). "Corvus corax". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017 e.T22706068A113271893. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T22706068A113271893.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Elliot, R. D. (1977). "Hanging behavior in Common Ravens". Auk. 94 (4): 777–778. doi:10.2307/4085278. JSTOR 4085278.
Murie, O. J. (1940). "Food habits of the northern Bald Eagle in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska". Condor. 42 (4): 198–202. doi:10.2307/1363948. JSTOR 1363948.
Olendorff, R. R. (1976). "The food habits of North American golden eagles". American Midland Naturalist. 95 (1): 231–236. doi:10.2307/2424254. JSTOR 2424254.
Jenkins, M. A. (1978). "Gyrfalcon nesting behavior from hatching to fledging". Auk. 95 (1): 122–127. doi:10.2307/4085502. JSTOR 4085502.
Janes, Stewart W. (1976). "The apparent use of rocks by a raven in nest defense" (PDF). Condor. 78 (3): 409. doi:10.2307/1367704. JSTOR 1367704. Retrieved 26 March 2009.
Nelson, A.L. (January 1934). "Some early summer food preferences of the American Raven in southeastern Oregon" (PDF). Condor. 36 (1): 10–15. doi:10.2307/1363515. JSTOR 1363515. Retrieved 16 May 2007.
Snyder, Noel F. R.; Ramey, Rob R.; Sibley, Fred C (1986). "Nest-site Biology of the California Condor" (PDF). The Condor. 88 (2): 228–241. Bibcode:1986Condo..88..228S. doi:10.2307/1368920. JSTOR 1368920.
Engel, Kathleen A.; Young, Leonard S. (May 1989). "Spatial and temporal patterns in the diet of Common Ravens in southwestern Idaho" (PDF). Condor. 91 (2): 372–378. Bibcode:1989Condo..91..372E. doi:10.2307/1368316. JSTOR 1368316. Retrieved 16 May 2005.
Heinrich, Bernd (1995). "An Experimental Investigation of Insight in Common Ravens (Corvus corax)" (PDF). The Auk. 112 (4): 994–1003. Bibcode:1995Auk...112..994H. doi:10.2307/4089030. JSTOR 4089030. Retrieved 16 May 2007.
Larsen, Kenneth H.; Dietrich, John H. (January 1970). "Reduction of a raven population on lambing grounds with DRC-1339". Journal of Wildlife Management. 34 (1): 200–204. Bibcode:1970JWMan..34..200L. doi:10.2307/3799509. JSTOR 3799509.

kingdomofbhutan.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Bhutan Tourism Corporation. "The Himalaya Kingdom". Archived from the original on 29 April 2007. Retrieved 17 May 2007.

mms.gov (Global: low place; English: low place)

Minerals Management Service, Alaska (2007). "Foraging Ecology of Common Ravens (Corvus corax) on Alaska's Coastal Plain (AK-93-48-51)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 June 2007. Retrieved 24 May 2007.

nature.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Common Raven". Canadian Museum of Nature. Archived from the original on 23 June 2017.

natureserve.org (Global: 2,387^th place; English: 1,112^th place)

explorer.natureserve.org

"Corvus corax". NatureServe Explorer. Retrieved 18 July 2024.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Omland KE; Tarr CL; Boarman WI; Marzluff JM; Fleischer RC (2000). "Cryptic genetic variation and paraphyly in ravens". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 267 (1461): 2475–2482. Bibcode:2000RSPSB.267.2475O. doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1308. PMC 1690844. PMID 11197122.
Webb, William C.; Marzluff, John M.; Omland, Kevin E. (2011). "Random interbreeding between cryptic lineages of the Common Raven: evidence for speciation in reverse". Molecular Ecology. 20 (11): 2390–2402. Bibcode:2011MolEc..20.2390W. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05095.x. PMID 21518060. S2CID 7684306.
Bugnyar, Thomas; Kotrschal, Kurt (2004). "Leading a conspecific away from food in ravens (Corvus corax)?" (PDF). Animal Cognition. 7 (2): 69–76. doi:10.1007/s10071-003-0189-4. PMID 15069605. S2CID 6590368. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2015.
Massen, Jorg J. M.; Ritter, Caroline; Bugnyar, Thomas (7 October 2015). "Tolerance and reward equity predict cooperation in ravens (Corvus corax)". Scientific Reports. 5 (1) 15021. Bibcode:2015NatSR...515021M. doi:10.1038/srep15021. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4595729. PMID 26442633.
Pika, Simone; Sima, Miriam Jennifer; Blum, Christian R.; Herrmann, Esther; Mundry, Roger (10 December 2020). "Ravens parallel great apes in physical and social cognitive skills". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 20617. Bibcode:2020NatSR..1020617P. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77060-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7728792. PMID 33303790. S2CID 228099688.
Lavelle, Michael J.; Kay, Shannon L.; Pepin, Kim M.; Grear, Daniel A.; Campa, Henry; VerCauteren, Kurt C. (1 December 2016). "Evaluating wildlife-cattle contact rates to improve the understanding of dynamics of bovine tuberculosis transmission in Michigan, USA". Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 135: 28–36. doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.10.009. ISSN 0167-5877. PMID 27931926.
Wheeler, Sarah S.; Barker, Christopher M.; Fang, Ying; Armijos, M. Veronica; Carroll, Brian D.; Husted, Stan; Johnson, Wesley O.; Reisen, William K. (2009). "Differential Impact of West Nile Virus on California Birds". The Condor. 111 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1525/cond.2009.080013. ISSN 0010-5422. PMC 2892874. PMID 20589226.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Omland KE; Tarr CL; Boarman WI; Marzluff JM; Fleischer RC (2000). "Cryptic genetic variation and paraphyly in ravens". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 267 (1461): 2475–2482. Bibcode:2000RSPSB.267.2475O. doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1308. PMC 1690844. PMID 11197122.
Massen, Jorg J. M.; Ritter, Caroline; Bugnyar, Thomas (7 October 2015). "Tolerance and reward equity predict cooperation in ravens (Corvus corax)". Scientific Reports. 5 (1) 15021. Bibcode:2015NatSR...515021M. doi:10.1038/srep15021. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4595729. PMID 26442633.
Pika, Simone; Sima, Miriam Jennifer; Blum, Christian R.; Herrmann, Esther; Mundry, Roger (10 December 2020). "Ravens parallel great apes in physical and social cognitive skills". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 20617. Bibcode:2020NatSR..1020617P. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77060-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7728792. PMID 33303790. S2CID 228099688.
Wheeler, Sarah S.; Barker, Christopher M.; Fang, Ying; Armijos, M. Veronica; Carroll, Brian D.; Husted, Stan; Johnson, Wesley O.; Reisen, William K. (2009). "Differential Impact of West Nile Virus on California Birds". The Condor. 111 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1525/cond.2009.080013. ISSN 0010-5422. PMC 2892874. PMID 20589226.

nywolf.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Howell, Maggie (28 February 2019). "Ravens: The Wolf's "Wingman"". Wolf Conservation Center. Retrieved 11 November 2025.

oed.com (Global: 743^rd place; English: 419^th place)

"Raven". Oxford English Dictionary (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)

oiseaux-birds.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Common Raven". www.oiseaux-birds.com. Retrieved 19 December 2012.

oregonzoo.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Oregon Zoo Animals: Common Raven". Oregon Zoo. Archived from the original on 29 April 2007. Retrieved 19 May 2007.

pbs.org (Global: 260^th place; English: 176^th place)

"PBS Nature: The Bird in Black". PBS. Archived from the original on 17 July 2008. Retrieved 7 May 2007.

pdrmg.wordpress.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Peak District Raptor Report 2016" (PDF). Retrieved 28 November 2024.

sciencedirect.com (Global: 137^th place; English: 146^th place)

Müller, J. J. A.; Massen, J. J. M.; Bugnyar, T.; Osvath, M. (1 June 2017). "Ravens remember the nature of a single reciprocal interaction sequence over 2 days and even after a month". Animal Behaviour. 128: 69–78. Bibcode:2017AnBeh.128...69M. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.04.004. hdl:1887/76850. ISSN 0003-3472. S2CID 27527201.

scottishraptorstudygroup.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Raven". Scottish Raptor Study Group. Retrieved 28 November 2024.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Boarman, W I; Heinrich, B (2020). del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David A; de Juana, Eduardo (eds.). "Common Raven (Corvus corax), version 1.0". Birds of the World. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. doi:10.2173/bow.grswoo.01. S2CID 226025386.
Feldman, Christopher R.; Omland, Kevin E. (March 2005). "Phylogenetics of the common raven complex (Corvus: Corvidae) and the utility of ND4, COI and intron 7 of the β-fibrinogen gene in avian molecular systematics". Zoologica Scripta. 34 (2): 145–156. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2005.00182.x. S2CID 85196387.
Webb, William C.; Marzluff, John M.; Omland, Kevin E. (2011). "Random interbreeding between cryptic lineages of the Common Raven: evidence for speciation in reverse". Molecular Ecology. 20 (11): 2390–2402. Bibcode:2011MolEc..20.2390W. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05095.x. PMID 21518060. S2CID 7684306.
Droste, Ferdinand Baron von (1869). "Vogelfauna der Färöer (Färöernes Fuglefauna af Sysselmaand Müller 1862.) Aus dem Dänischen übersetzt und mit Anmerkungen versehen. Teil 1". Journal of Ornithology (in German). 17 (2): 107–118. doi:10.1007/BF02261546. S2CID 43875817.
Cockrem, J. F. (2007). "Stress, corticosterone responses and avian personalities". Journal of Ornithology. 148 (S2): 169–178. doi:10.1007/s10336-007-0175-8. S2CID 9578614.
Chavko, J.; Danko, Š.; Obuch, J. & Mihók, J. (2007). "The food of the Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) in Slovakia". Slovak Raptor Journal. 1 (1): 1–18. doi:10.2478/v10262-012-0001-y. S2CID 85142585.
Gwinner, Eberhard (April 1965). "Beobachtungen über Nestbau und Brutpflege des Kolkraben (Corvus corax L.) in Gefangenschaft". Journal of Ornithology (in German). 106 (2): 145–178. Bibcode:1965JOrn..106..145G. doi:10.1007/BF01793758. S2CID 22796437.
Careau, Vincent; Lecomte, Nicolas; Giroux, Jean-François; Berteaux, Dominique (January 2007). "Common ravens raid arctic fox food caches". Journal of Ethology. 25 (1): 79–82. Bibcode:2007JEtho..25...79C. doi:10.1007/s10164-006-0193-7. S2CID 23425485.
Stahler, Daniel; Heinrich, Bernd; Smith, Douglas (August 2002). "Common ravens, Corvus corax, preferentially associate with grey wolves, Canis lupus, as a foraging strategy in winter". Animal Behaviour. 64 (2): 283–290. Bibcode:2002AnBeh..64..283S. doi:10.1006/anbe.2002.3047. S2CID 53176223.
Kristan, William B.; Boarman, William I.; Crayon, John J. (March 2004). "Diet composition of common ravens across the urban-wildland interface of the West Mojave Desert" (PDF). Wildlife Society Bulletin. 32 (1): 244–253. doi:10.2193/0091-7648(2004)32[244:DCOCRA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 29170244.
Heinrich, Bernd (1988). "Winter foraging at carcasses by three sympatric corvids, with emphasis on recruitment by the raven, Corvus corax". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 23 (3): 141–156. Bibcode:1988BEcoS..23..141H. doi:10.1007/BF00300349. S2CID 10471307.
Bugnyar, Thomas; Kotrschal, Kurt (2004). "Leading a conspecific away from food in ravens (Corvus corax)?" (PDF). Animal Cognition. 7 (2): 69–76. doi:10.1007/s10071-003-0189-4. PMID 15069605. S2CID 6590368. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2015.
Müller, J. J. A.; Massen, J. J. M.; Bugnyar, T.; Osvath, M. (1 June 2017). "Ravens remember the nature of a single reciprocal interaction sequence over 2 days and even after a month". Animal Behaviour. 128: 69–78. Bibcode:2017AnBeh.128...69M. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.04.004. hdl:1887/76850. ISSN 0003-3472. S2CID 27527201.
Kijne, M.; Kotrschal, K (2002). "Neophobia affects choice of food-item size in group-foraging common ravens (Corvus corax)". Acta Ethologica. 5 (1): 13–18. doi:10.1007/s10211-002-0061-6. S2CID 39984855.
Pika, Simone; Sima, Miriam Jennifer; Blum, Christian R.; Herrmann, Esther; Mundry, Roger (10 December 2020). "Ravens parallel great apes in physical and social cognitive skills". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 20617. Bibcode:2020NatSR..1020617P. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77060-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7728792. PMID 33303790. S2CID 228099688.

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

Kennedy, Maev (15 November 2004). "Tower's raven mythology may be a Victorian flight of fantasy". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 5 December 2008.

tufts.edu (Global: 192^nd place; English: 165^th place)

perseus.tufts.edu

κόραξ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project.

ucalgary.ca (Global: 3,492^nd place; English: 2,416^th place)

pubs.aina.ucalgary.ca

Temple, Stanley A. (March 1974). "Winter food habits of Ravens on the Arctic Slope of Alaska" (PDF). Arctic. 27 (1): 41–46. doi:10.14430/arctic2851. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 May 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2014.

ucgc.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"University of California Golf Club. List of Collective Nouns". Archived from the original on 13 February 2010. Retrieved 16 July 2008.

umich.edu (Global: 429^th place; English: 307^th place)

animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu

Berg R, Dewey T (1999). "Corvus corax". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Retrieved 3 June 2008.

univie.ac.at (Global: 2,083^rd place; English: 2,828^th place)

klf.univie.ac.at

Bugnyar, Thomas; Kotrschal, Kurt (2004). "Leading a conspecific away from food in ravens (Corvus corax)?" (PDF). Animal Cognition. 7 (2): 69–76. doi:10.1007/s10071-003-0189-4. PMID 15069605. S2CID 6590368. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2015.

unm.edu (Global: 1,919^th place; English: 1,213^th place)

sora.unm.edu

Elliot, R. D. (1977). "Hanging behavior in Common Ravens". Auk. 94 (4): 777–778. doi:10.2307/4085278. JSTOR 4085278.
Murie, O. J. (1940). "Food habits of the northern Bald Eagle in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska". Condor. 42 (4): 198–202. doi:10.2307/1363948. JSTOR 1363948.
Jenkins, M. A. (1978). "Gyrfalcon nesting behavior from hatching to fledging". Auk. 95 (1): 122–127. doi:10.2307/4085502. JSTOR 4085502.
Janes, Stewart W. (1976). "The apparent use of rocks by a raven in nest defense" (PDF). Condor. 78 (3): 409. doi:10.2307/1367704. JSTOR 1367704. Retrieved 26 March 2009.
Nogales, Manuel; Hernández, Elizabeth C. (1997). "Diet of Common Ravens on El Hierro, Canary Islands" (PDF). Journal of Field Ornithology. 68 (3): 382–391. Retrieved 16 May 2007.
Nelson, A.L. (January 1934). "Some early summer food preferences of the American Raven in southeastern Oregon" (PDF). Condor. 36 (1): 10–15. doi:10.2307/1363515. JSTOR 1363515. Retrieved 16 May 2007.
Snyder, Noel F. R.; Ramey, Rob R.; Sibley, Fred C (1986). "Nest-site Biology of the California Condor" (PDF). The Condor. 88 (2): 228–241. Bibcode:1986Condo..88..228S. doi:10.2307/1368920. JSTOR 1368920.
Engel, Kathleen A.; Young, Leonard S. (May 1989). "Spatial and temporal patterns in the diet of Common Ravens in southwestern Idaho" (PDF). Condor. 91 (2): 372–378. Bibcode:1989Condo..91..372E. doi:10.2307/1368316. JSTOR 1368316. Retrieved 16 May 2005.
Heinrich, Bernd (1995). "An Experimental Investigation of Insight in Common Ravens (Corvus corax)" (PDF). The Auk. 112 (4): 994–1003. Bibcode:1995Auk...112..994H. doi:10.2307/4089030. JSTOR 4089030. Retrieved 16 May 2007.
Kelly, J. P.; Etienne, K. L. & Roth, J. E. (2002). "Abundance and distribution of the common raven and American Crow in the San Francisco Bay area, California" (PDF). Western Birds. 33: 202–217.

uoguelph.ca (Global: low place; English: 7,040^th place)

arctic.uoguelph.ca

"Tulugaq – Raven". Canada's Arctic. Archived from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 31 December 2016.

usgs.gov (Global: 119^th place; English: 145^th place)

werc.usgs.gov

US Geological Survey. "California Ravens Are a Breed Apart". Archived from the original on 8 July 2017. Retrieved 11 May 2007.
Boarman, WI (1993). The Raven Management Program of the Bureau of Land Management: Status as of 1992. Proceedings of 1992 Symposium. California. pp. 113–117. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2020. Retrieved 21 May 2007.

usgs.gov

U.S. Geological Survey. "Scientists Estimate Risk of Raven Predation on Desert Tortoises in the Western Mojave Desert". Retrieved 11 May 2007.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"University of California Golf Club. List of Collective Nouns". Archived from the original on 13 February 2010. Retrieved 16 July 2008.
US Geological Survey. "California Ravens Are a Breed Apart". Archived from the original on 8 July 2017. Retrieved 11 May 2007.
"Common Raven". Canadian Museum of Nature. Archived from the original on 23 June 2017.
"Common raven (Corvus corax)". The National Bird Project. Archived from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 31 December 2016.
Temple, Stanley A. (March 1974). "Winter food habits of Ravens on the Arctic Slope of Alaska" (PDF). Arctic. 27 (1): 41–46. doi:10.14430/arctic2851. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 May 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2014.
"Tulugaq – Raven". Canada's Arctic. Archived from the original on 29 September 2020. Retrieved 31 December 2016.
"Oregon Zoo Animals: Common Raven". Oregon Zoo. Archived from the original on 29 April 2007. Retrieved 19 May 2007.
"PBS Nature: The Bird in Black". PBS. Archived from the original on 17 July 2008. Retrieved 7 May 2007.
Bugnyar, Thomas; Kotrschal, Kurt (2004). "Leading a conspecific away from food in ravens (Corvus corax)?" (PDF). Animal Cognition. 7 (2): 69–76. doi:10.1007/s10071-003-0189-4. PMID 15069605. S2CID 6590368. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2015.
Rozell, Ned. "The Raven's Game of Hide and Seek". Alaska Science Forum. Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks. Archived from the original on 11 June 2007. Retrieved 7 May 2007.
Boarman, WI (1993). The Raven Management Program of the Bureau of Land Management: Status as of 1992. Proceedings of 1992 Symposium. California. pp. 113–117. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 October 2020. Retrieved 21 May 2007.
Minerals Management Service, Alaska (2007). "Foraging Ecology of Common Ravens (Corvus corax) on Alaska's Coastal Plain (AK-93-48-51)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 June 2007. Retrieved 24 May 2007.
Schwan, Mark (January 1990). "Raven: The Northern Bird of Paradox". Alaska Fish and Game. Archived from the original on 2 January 2010. Retrieved 12 February 2007.
Bhutan Tourism Corporation. "The Himalaya Kingdom". Archived from the original on 29 April 2007. Retrieved 17 May 2007.
"Yukon Territorial Bird". Government of Yukon. Archived from the original on 12 February 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2007.
Isle of Man Government. "Island Facts – Isle of Man Government". Archived from the original on 10 May 2007. Retrieved 19 May 2007.

worldbirdnames.org (Global: 452^nd place; English: 844^th place)

"IOC World Bird List – Jayshrike, shrikes, crows, mudnesters, melampittas, Ifrit, birds-of-paradise". IOC World Bird List – Version 14.2. 17 August 2024. Retrieved 27 November 2024.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Müller, J. J. A.; Massen, J. J. M.; Bugnyar, T.; Osvath, M. (1 June 2017). "Ravens remember the nature of a single reciprocal interaction sequence over 2 days and even after a month". Animal Behaviour. 128: 69–78. Bibcode:2017AnBeh.128...69M. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.04.004. hdl:1887/76850. ISSN 0003-3472. S2CID 27527201.
Massen, Jorg J. M.; Ritter, Caroline; Bugnyar, Thomas (7 October 2015). "Tolerance and reward equity predict cooperation in ravens (Corvus corax)". Scientific Reports. 5 (1) 15021. Bibcode:2015NatSR...515021M. doi:10.1038/srep15021. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4595729. PMID 26442633.
Pika, Simone; Sima, Miriam Jennifer; Blum, Christian R.; Herrmann, Esther; Mundry, Roger (10 December 2020). "Ravens parallel great apes in physical and social cognitive skills". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 20617. Bibcode:2020NatSR..1020617P. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77060-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7728792. PMID 33303790. S2CID 228099688.
Lavelle, Michael J.; Kay, Shannon L.; Pepin, Kim M.; Grear, Daniel A.; Campa, Henry; VerCauteren, Kurt C. (1 December 2016). "Evaluating wildlife-cattle contact rates to improve the understanding of dynamics of bovine tuberculosis transmission in Michigan, USA". Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 135: 28–36. doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.10.009. ISSN 0167-5877. PMID 27931926.
Wheeler, Sarah S.; Barker, Christopher M.; Fang, Ying; Armijos, M. Veronica; Carroll, Brian D.; Husted, Stan; Johnson, Wesley O.; Reisen, William K. (2009). "Differential Impact of West Nile Virus on California Birds". The Condor. 111 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1525/cond.2009.080013. ISSN 0010-5422. PMC 2892874. PMID 20589226.

Common raven (English Wikipedia)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14th place; English: 9th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

alaska.edu (Global: 7,176th place; English: 4,809th place)

gi.alaska.edu

alaska.gov (Global: 3,661st place; English: 2,026th place)

adfg.alaska.gov

alaskapublic.org (Global: low place; English: 7,165th place)

ancienttexts.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

animaldiversity.org (Global: 1,343rd place; English: 1,384th place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

audubonportland.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

baltimorebirdclub.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

biblegateway.com (Global: 888th place; English: 1,110th place)

biodiversitylibrary.org (Global: 168th place; English: 136th place)

biolovision.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

files.biolovision.net

birdsoftheworld.org (Global: 1,685th place; English: 1,957th place)

canadiangeographic.ca (Global: low place; English: 8,992nd place)

nationalbird.canadiangeographic.ca

cornell.edu (Global: 308th place; English: 253rd place)

bna.birds.cornell.edu

usda.mannlib.cornell.edu

csusm.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

public.csusm.edu

digitaljournal.com (Global: 4,642nd place; English: 2,943rd place)

dof.dk (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

environment.gov.au (Global: 1,908th place; English: 1,156th place)

etymonline.com (Global: 669th place; English: 670th place)

euring.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

garden-birds.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

gov.im (Global: 8,132nd place; English: 5,330th place)

gov.yk.ca (Global: low place; English: 9,167th place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66th place; English: 34th place)

hiwwt.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

iucnredlist.org (Global: 39th place; English: 71st place)

jstor.org (Global: 23rd place; English: 15th place)

kingdomofbhutan.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

mms.gov (Global: low place; English: low place)

nature.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

natureserve.org (Global: 2,387th place; English: 1,112th place)

explorer.natureserve.org

nih.gov (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

nywolf.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

oed.com (Global: 743rd place; English: 419th place)

oiseaux-birds.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

oregonzoo.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

pbs.org (Global: 260th place; English: 176th place)

pdrmg.wordpress.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

sciencedirect.com (Global: 137th place; English: 146th place)

scottishraptorstudygroup.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

theguardian.com (Global: 16th place; English: 11th place)

tufts.edu (Global: 192nd place; English: 165th place)

perseus.tufts.edu

ucalgary.ca (Global: 3,492nd place; English: 2,416th place)

pubs.aina.ucalgary.ca

ucgc.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

umich.edu (Global: 429th place; English: 307th place)

animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu

univie.ac.at (Global: 2,083rd place; English: 2,828th place)

klf.univie.ac.at

unm.edu (Global: 1,919th place; English: 1,213th place)

sora.unm.edu

uoguelph.ca (Global: low place; English: 7,040th place)

arctic.uoguelph.ca

usgs.gov (Global: 119th place; English: 145th place)

werc.usgs.gov

usgs.gov

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldbirdnames.org (Global: 452nd place; English: 844th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

alaska.edu (Global: 7,176^th place; English: 4,809^th place)

alaska.gov (Global: 3,661^st place; English: 2,026^th place)

alaskapublic.org (Global: low place; English: 7,165^th place)

animaldiversity.org (Global: 1,343^rd place; English: 1,384^th place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

biblegateway.com (Global: 888^th place; English: 1,110^th place)

biodiversitylibrary.org (Global: 168^th place; English: 136^th place)

birdsoftheworld.org (Global: 1,685^th place; English: 1,957^th place)

canadiangeographic.ca (Global: low place; English: 8,992^nd place)

cornell.edu (Global: 308^th place; English: 253^rd place)

digitaljournal.com (Global: 4,642^nd place; English: 2,943^rd place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

environment.gov.au (Global: 1,908^th place; English: 1,156^th place)

etymonline.com (Global: 669^th place; English: 670^th place)

gov.im (Global: 8,132^nd place; English: 5,330^th place)

gov.yk.ca (Global: low place; English: 9,167^th place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

iucnredlist.org (Global: 39^th place; English: 71^st place)

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

natureserve.org (Global: 2,387^th place; English: 1,112^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

oed.com (Global: 743^rd place; English: 419^th place)

pbs.org (Global: 260^th place; English: 176^th place)

sciencedirect.com (Global: 137^th place; English: 146^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

tufts.edu (Global: 192^nd place; English: 165^th place)

ucalgary.ca (Global: 3,492^nd place; English: 2,416^th place)

umich.edu (Global: 429^th place; English: 307^th place)

univie.ac.at (Global: 2,083^rd place; English: 2,828^th place)

unm.edu (Global: 1,919^th place; English: 1,213^th place)

uoguelph.ca (Global: low place; English: 7,040^th place)

usgs.gov (Global: 119^th place; English: 145^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldbirdnames.org (Global: 452^nd place; English: 844^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)