Common toad (English Wikipedia)

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Dubois, Alain; Bour, Roger (2010). "The nomenclatural status of the nomina of amphibians and reptiles created by Garsault (1764), with a parsimonious solution to an old nomenclatural problem regarding the genus Bufo (Amphibia, Anura), comments on the taxonomy of this genus, and comments on some nomina created by Laurenti (1768)". Zootaxa. 2447: 1–52. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2447.1.1.
Birstein, V. J.; Mazin, A. L. (1982). "Chromosomal polymorphism of Bufo bufo: Karyotype and C-banding pattern of B. b. verrucosissima". Genetica. 59 (2): 93–98. doi:10.1007/BF00133292. S2CID 37853177.
Garcia-Porta, J.; Litvinchuk, S. N.; Crochet, P. A.; Romano, A.; Lo-Valvo, M.; Lymberakis, P.; Carranza, S. (2012). "Molecular phylogenetics and historical biogeography of the west-palearctic common toads (Bufo bufo species complex)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 63 (1): 113–130. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.12.019. hdl:10261/113807. PMID 22214922.
Tosunoğlua, Murat; Taskavak, Ertan (2001). "A serological investigation of the Bufo bufo (Anura, Bufonidae) populations in Southern Marmara (Manyas, Bahkesir) and Eastern Black Sea (Çamhhemşin, Rize) regions". Italian Journal of Zoology. 68 (2): 165–168. doi:10.1080/11250000109356402. S2CID 83966131.
Recuero E.; Canestrelli D.; Voeroes J.; Szabó, K.; Poyarkov, N. A.; Arntzen, J. W.; Crnobrnja-Isailovic, J.; Kidov A. A.; Cogălniceanu, D.; Caputo, F. P.; Nascetti, G.; Martínez-Solano, I. (2012). "Multilocus species tree analyses resolve the radiation of the widespread Bufo bufo species group (Anura, Bufonidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 62 (1): 71–86. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.09.008. hdl:10261/143470. PMID 21964513.
Hemelaar, A. S. M.; van Gelder, J. J. (1979). "Annual growth rings in phalanges of Bufo bufo (Anura, Amphibia) from the Netherlands and their use for age determination". Netherlands Journal of Zoology. 30 (1): 129–135. doi:10.1163/002829680X00069.
Ewart, J. P. (1987). "Neuroethology of releasing mechanisms: Prey-catching in toads". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 10 (3): 337–405. doi:10.1017/S0140525X00023128. S2CID 144997714.
Larsen, Lis Olesen; Pedersen, Jan Nyholm (1981). "The snapping response of the toad, Bufo bufo, towards prey dummies at very low light intensities". Amphibia-Reptilia. 2 (4): 321–327. doi:10.1163/156853882X00248.
Strijbosch, H. (1980). "Mortality in a population of Bufo bufo resulting from the fly Lucilia bufonivora". Oecologia. 45 (2): 285–286. Bibcode:1980Oecol..45..285S. doi:10.1007/BF00346472. PMID 28309542. S2CID 32817424.
Petkeviciute, R.; Stunzenas, V.; Staneviciute, G. (2004). "Cytogenetic and sequence comparison of adult Phyllodistomum (Digenea: Gorgoderidae) from the three-spined stickleback with larvae from two bivalves". Parasitology. 129 (6): 771–778. doi:10.1017/S0031182004006109. PMID 15648700. S2CID 13313062.
Reading, C. J.; Loman, J.; Madsen, T. (1991). "Breeding pond fidelity in the common toad, Bufo bufo". Journal of Zoology. 225 (2): 201–211. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1991.tb03811.x.
Jungfer, Wolfgang (1943). "Beiträge zur Biologie der Erdkröte (Bufo bufo L.) mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Wanderung zu den Laichgewässern". Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere (in German). 40 (1–3): 117–157. doi:10.1007/BF00421679. ISSN 0720-213X. S2CID 46354366.
Landler, Lukas; Gollmann, Günter (2011). "Magnetic orientation of the Common Toad: establishing an arena approach for adult anurans". Frontiers in Zoology. 8 (1): 6. doi:10.1186/1742-9994-8-6. ISSN 1742-9994. PMC 3072941. PMID 21418651.
Sinsch, Ulrich (1987). "Orientation behaviour of toads (Bufo bufo) displaced from the breeding site". Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 161 (5): 715–727. doi:10.1007/BF00605013. PMID 3119823. S2CID 26102029.
Davies, N. B.; Halliday, T. R. (1978). "Deep croaks and fighting assessment in toads Bufo bufo". Nature. 274 (5672): 683–685. Bibcode:1978Natur.274..683D. doi:10.1038/274683a0. S2CID 4222519.
Davies, N. B.; Halliday, T. R. (1979). "Competitive mate searching in male common toads, Bufo bufo". Animal Behaviour. 27 (4): 1253–1267. doi:10.1016/0003-3472(79)90070-8. S2CID 54259148.
Goater, Cameron P.; Semlitsch, Raymond D.; Bernasconi, Marco V. (1993). "Effects of body size and parasite infection on the locomotory performance of juvenile toads, Bufo bufo". Oikos. 16 (1): 129–136. doi:10.2307/3545205. JSTOR 3545205.
Goater, C. P.; Ward, P. I. (1992). "Negative effects of Rhabdias bufonis (Nematoda) on the growth and survival of toads (Bufo bufo)". Oecologia. 89 (2): 161–165. Bibcode:1992Oecol..89..161G. doi:10.1007/bf00317213. JSTOR 4219866. PMID 28312868. S2CID 12236487.
Xu, Q.; Oldham, R. S. (1997). "Lethal and sublethal effects of nitrogen fertilizer ammonium nitrate on common toad (Bufo bufo) tadpoles". Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 32 (3): 298–303. doi:10.1007/s002449900188. PMID 9096079. S2CID 35907368.
Hemelaar, Agnes (1988). "Age, growth and other population characteristics of Bufo bufo from different latitudes and altitudes". Journal of Herpetology. 22 (4): 369–388. doi:10.2307/1564332. JSTOR 1564332.
Hettyey, A.; Vági, B.; Penn, D. J.; Hoi, H.; Wagner, R. H. (2012). "Post-meiotic intra-testicular sperm senescence in a wild vertebrate". PLOS ONE. 7 (12): e50820. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...750820H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050820. PMC 3513296. PMID 23226542.
Hitchings, S. P.; Beebee, T. J. C. (1998). "Loss of genetic diversity and fitness in Common Toad (Bufo bufo) populations isolated by inimical habitat". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 11 (3): 269–283. doi:10.1046/j.1420-9101.1998.11030269.x. S2CID 85117769.
Santos, X.; Llorente, G. A.; Montori, A.; Carretero, M. A.; Franch, M.; Garriga, N.; Richter-Boix, A. (2007). "Evaluating factors affecting amphibian mortality on roads: the case of the common toad Bufo bufo, near a breeding place" (PDF). Animal Biodiversity and Conservation. 30 (1): 97–104. doi:10.32800/abc.2007.30.0097. S2CID 4570914.
Gelder, J. J. (1973). "A quantitative approach to the mortality resulting from traffic in a population of Bufo bufo L". Oecologia. 13 (1): 93–95. Bibcode:1973Oecol..13...93V. doi:10.1007/BF00379622. PMID 28307986. S2CID 22706445.
Chen, K. K.; Jensen, H.; Chen, A. L. (April 1932). "Action of Bufotoxins". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 7. 29 (907): 907. doi:10.3181/00379727-29-6141. ISSN 1535-3699. S2CID 87161465. Wieland and Alles isolated bufotoxin from the skin of B. vulgaris or B. bufo bufo.
Pettit, G. R.; Kamano, Y.; Drasar, P.; Inoue, M.; Knight, J. C. (1987). "Steroids and related natural products. 104. Bufadienolides. 36. Synthesis of bufalitoxin and bufotoxin". Journal of Organic Chemistry. 52 (16): 3573–3578. doi:10.1021/jo00392a014.

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Garcia-Porta, J.; Litvinchuk, S. N.; Crochet, P. A.; Romano, A.; Lo-Valvo, M.; Lymberakis, P.; Carranza, S. (2012). "Molecular phylogenetics and historical biogeography of the west-palearctic common toads (Bufo bufo species complex)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 63 (1): 113–130. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.12.019. hdl:10261/113807. PMID 22214922.
Recuero E.; Canestrelli D.; Voeroes J.; Szabó, K.; Poyarkov, N. A.; Arntzen, J. W.; Crnobrnja-Isailovic, J.; Kidov A. A.; Cogălniceanu, D.; Caputo, F. P.; Nascetti, G.; Martínez-Solano, I. (2012). "Multilocus species tree analyses resolve the radiation of the widespread Bufo bufo species group (Anura, Bufonidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 62 (1): 71–86. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.09.008. hdl:10261/143470. PMID 21964513.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Strijbosch, H. (1980). "Mortality in a population of Bufo bufo resulting from the fly Lucilia bufonivora". Oecologia. 45 (2): 285–286. Bibcode:1980Oecol..45..285S. doi:10.1007/BF00346472. PMID 28309542. S2CID 32817424.
Davies, N. B.; Halliday, T. R. (1978). "Deep croaks and fighting assessment in toads Bufo bufo". Nature. 274 (5672): 683–685. Bibcode:1978Natur.274..683D. doi:10.1038/274683a0. S2CID 4222519.
Goater, C. P.; Ward, P. I. (1992). "Negative effects of Rhabdias bufonis (Nematoda) on the growth and survival of toads (Bufo bufo)". Oecologia. 89 (2): 161–165. Bibcode:1992Oecol..89..161G. doi:10.1007/bf00317213. JSTOR 4219866. PMID 28312868. S2CID 12236487.
Hettyey, A.; Vági, B.; Penn, D. J.; Hoi, H.; Wagner, R. H. (2012). "Post-meiotic intra-testicular sperm senescence in a wild vertebrate". PLOS ONE. 7 (12): e50820. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...750820H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050820. PMC 3513296. PMID 23226542.
Gelder, J. J. (1973). "A quantitative approach to the mortality resulting from traffic in a population of Bufo bufo L". Oecologia. 13 (1): 93–95. Bibcode:1973Oecol..13...93V. doi:10.1007/BF00379622. PMID 28307986. S2CID 22706445.

herpconstrust.org.uk

"The common toad (Bufo bufo)". The Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Trust. Archived from the original on 2008-11-21. Retrieved 2012-05-04.

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Fairchild, G. J. (2003). "Common Toad – Bufo bufo". Reptiles and Amphibians of the UK. Retrieved 2012-03-16.

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"Studies conducted at Lund University on amphibian research recently published". Science Letter. via HighBeam Research. 2010-12-21. Archived from the original on 2013-05-13. Retrieved 2012-04-18.

jstor.org

Goater, Cameron P.; Semlitsch, Raymond D.; Bernasconi, Marco V. (1993). "Effects of body size and parasite infection on the locomotory performance of juvenile toads, Bufo bufo". Oikos. 16 (1): 129–136. doi:10.2307/3545205. JSTOR 3545205.
Goater, C. P.; Ward, P. I. (1992). "Negative effects of Rhabdias bufonis (Nematoda) on the growth and survival of toads (Bufo bufo)". Oecologia. 89 (2): 161–165. Bibcode:1992Oecol..89..161G. doi:10.1007/bf00317213. JSTOR 4219866. PMID 28312868. S2CID 12236487.
Hemelaar, Agnes (1988). "Age, growth and other population characteristics of Bufo bufo from different latitudes and altitudes". Journal of Herpetology. 22 (4): 369–388. doi:10.2307/1564332. JSTOR 1564332.

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Santos, X.; Llorente, G. A.; Montori, A.; Carretero, M. A.; Franch, M.; Garriga, N.; Richter-Boix, A. (2007). "Evaluating factors affecting amphibian mortality on roads: the case of the common toad Bufo bufo, near a breeding place" (PDF). Animal Biodiversity and Conservation. 30 (1): 97–104. doi:10.32800/abc.2007.30.0097. S2CID 4570914.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Garcia-Porta, J.; Litvinchuk, S. N.; Crochet, P. A.; Romano, A.; Lo-Valvo, M.; Lymberakis, P.; Carranza, S. (2012). "Molecular phylogenetics and historical biogeography of the west-palearctic common toads (Bufo bufo species complex)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 63 (1): 113–130. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.12.019. hdl:10261/113807. PMID 22214922.
Recuero E.; Canestrelli D.; Voeroes J.; Szabó, K.; Poyarkov, N. A.; Arntzen, J. W.; Crnobrnja-Isailovic, J.; Kidov A. A.; Cogălniceanu, D.; Caputo, F. P.; Nascetti, G.; Martínez-Solano, I. (2012). "Multilocus species tree analyses resolve the radiation of the widespread Bufo bufo species group (Anura, Bufonidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 62 (1): 71–86. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.09.008. hdl:10261/143470. PMID 21964513.
Strijbosch, H. (1980). "Mortality in a population of Bufo bufo resulting from the fly Lucilia bufonivora". Oecologia. 45 (2): 285–286. Bibcode:1980Oecol..45..285S. doi:10.1007/BF00346472. PMID 28309542. S2CID 32817424.
Petkeviciute, R.; Stunzenas, V.; Staneviciute, G. (2004). "Cytogenetic and sequence comparison of adult Phyllodistomum (Digenea: Gorgoderidae) from the three-spined stickleback with larvae from two bivalves". Parasitology. 129 (6): 771–778. doi:10.1017/S0031182004006109. PMID 15648700. S2CID 13313062.
Landler, Lukas; Gollmann, Günter (2011). "Magnetic orientation of the Common Toad: establishing an arena approach for adult anurans". Frontiers in Zoology. 8 (1): 6. doi:10.1186/1742-9994-8-6. ISSN 1742-9994. PMC 3072941. PMID 21418651.
Sinsch, Ulrich (1987). "Orientation behaviour of toads (Bufo bufo) displaced from the breeding site". Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 161 (5): 715–727. doi:10.1007/BF00605013. PMID 3119823. S2CID 26102029.
Goater, C. P.; Ward, P. I. (1992). "Negative effects of Rhabdias bufonis (Nematoda) on the growth and survival of toads (Bufo bufo)". Oecologia. 89 (2): 161–165. Bibcode:1992Oecol..89..161G. doi:10.1007/bf00317213. JSTOR 4219866. PMID 28312868. S2CID 12236487.
Xu, Q.; Oldham, R. S. (1997). "Lethal and sublethal effects of nitrogen fertilizer ammonium nitrate on common toad (Bufo bufo) tadpoles". Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 32 (3): 298–303. doi:10.1007/s002449900188. PMID 9096079. S2CID 35907368.
Hettyey, A.; Vági, B.; Penn, D. J.; Hoi, H.; Wagner, R. H. (2012). "Post-meiotic intra-testicular sperm senescence in a wild vertebrate". PLOS ONE. 7 (12): e50820. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...750820H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050820. PMC 3513296. PMID 23226542.
Gelder, J. J. (1973). "A quantitative approach to the mortality resulting from traffic in a population of Bufo bufo L". Oecologia. 13 (1): 93–95. Bibcode:1973Oecol..13...93V. doi:10.1007/BF00379622. PMID 28307986. S2CID 22706445.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Landler, Lukas; Gollmann, Günter (2011). "Magnetic orientation of the Common Toad: establishing an arena approach for adult anurans". Frontiers in Zoology. 8 (1): 6. doi:10.1186/1742-9994-8-6. ISSN 1742-9994. PMC 3072941. PMID 21418651.
Hettyey, A.; Vági, B.; Penn, D. J.; Hoi, H.; Wagner, R. H. (2012). "Post-meiotic intra-testicular sperm senescence in a wild vertebrate". PLOS ONE. 7 (12): e50820. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...750820H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050820. PMC 3513296. PMID 23226542.

poets.org

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Birstein, V. J.; Mazin, A. L. (1982). "Chromosomal polymorphism of Bufo bufo: Karyotype and C-banding pattern of B. b. verrucosissima". Genetica. 59 (2): 93–98. doi:10.1007/BF00133292. S2CID 37853177.
Tosunoğlua, Murat; Taskavak, Ertan (2001). "A serological investigation of the Bufo bufo (Anura, Bufonidae) populations in Southern Marmara (Manyas, Bahkesir) and Eastern Black Sea (Çamhhemşin, Rize) regions". Italian Journal of Zoology. 68 (2): 165–168. doi:10.1080/11250000109356402. S2CID 83966131.
Ewart, J. P. (1987). "Neuroethology of releasing mechanisms: Prey-catching in toads". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 10 (3): 337–405. doi:10.1017/S0140525X00023128. S2CID 144997714.
Strijbosch, H. (1980). "Mortality in a population of Bufo bufo resulting from the fly Lucilia bufonivora". Oecologia. 45 (2): 285–286. Bibcode:1980Oecol..45..285S. doi:10.1007/BF00346472. PMID 28309542. S2CID 32817424.
Petkeviciute, R.; Stunzenas, V.; Staneviciute, G. (2004). "Cytogenetic and sequence comparison of adult Phyllodistomum (Digenea: Gorgoderidae) from the three-spined stickleback with larvae from two bivalves". Parasitology. 129 (6): 771–778. doi:10.1017/S0031182004006109. PMID 15648700. S2CID 13313062.
Jungfer, Wolfgang (1943). "Beiträge zur Biologie der Erdkröte (Bufo bufo L.) mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Wanderung zu den Laichgewässern". Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere (in German). 40 (1–3): 117–157. doi:10.1007/BF00421679. ISSN 0720-213X. S2CID 46354366.
Sinsch, Ulrich (1987). "Orientation behaviour of toads (Bufo bufo) displaced from the breeding site". Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 161 (5): 715–727. doi:10.1007/BF00605013. PMID 3119823. S2CID 26102029.
Davies, N. B.; Halliday, T. R. (1978). "Deep croaks and fighting assessment in toads Bufo bufo". Nature. 274 (5672): 683–685. Bibcode:1978Natur.274..683D. doi:10.1038/274683a0. S2CID 4222519.
Davies, N. B.; Halliday, T. R. (1979). "Competitive mate searching in male common toads, Bufo bufo". Animal Behaviour. 27 (4): 1253–1267. doi:10.1016/0003-3472(79)90070-8. S2CID 54259148.
Goater, C. P.; Ward, P. I. (1992). "Negative effects of Rhabdias bufonis (Nematoda) on the growth and survival of toads (Bufo bufo)". Oecologia. 89 (2): 161–165. Bibcode:1992Oecol..89..161G. doi:10.1007/bf00317213. JSTOR 4219866. PMID 28312868. S2CID 12236487.
Xu, Q.; Oldham, R. S. (1997). "Lethal and sublethal effects of nitrogen fertilizer ammonium nitrate on common toad (Bufo bufo) tadpoles". Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 32 (3): 298–303. doi:10.1007/s002449900188. PMID 9096079. S2CID 35907368.
Hitchings, S. P.; Beebee, T. J. C. (1998). "Loss of genetic diversity and fitness in Common Toad (Bufo bufo) populations isolated by inimical habitat". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 11 (3): 269–283. doi:10.1046/j.1420-9101.1998.11030269.x. S2CID 85117769.
Santos, X.; Llorente, G. A.; Montori, A.; Carretero, M. A.; Franch, M.; Garriga, N.; Richter-Boix, A. (2007). "Evaluating factors affecting amphibian mortality on roads: the case of the common toad Bufo bufo, near a breeding place" (PDF). Animal Biodiversity and Conservation. 30 (1): 97–104. doi:10.32800/abc.2007.30.0097. S2CID 4570914.
Gelder, J. J. (1973). "A quantitative approach to the mortality resulting from traffic in a population of Bufo bufo L". Oecologia. 13 (1): 93–95. Bibcode:1973Oecol..13...93V. doi:10.1007/BF00379622. PMID 28307986. S2CID 22706445.
Chen, K. K.; Jensen, H.; Chen, A. L. (April 1932). "Action of Bufotoxins". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 7. 29 (907): 907. doi:10.3181/00379727-29-6141. ISSN 1535-3699. S2CID 87161465. Wieland and Alles isolated bufotoxin from the skin of B. vulgaris or B. bufo bufo.

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web.archive.org

"The common toad (Bufo bufo)". The Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Trust. Archived from the original on 2008-11-21. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
"Studies conducted at Lund University on amphibian research recently published". Science Letter. via HighBeam Research. 2010-12-21. Archived from the original on 2013-05-13. Retrieved 2012-04-18.
"Common Toad: Bufo bufo". Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Trust. Archived from the original on 2011-09-05. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
Shakespeare, William (1605–1606). "Macbeth, Act IV, Scene I". Poets.org. Archived from the original on 2007-01-10.

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Trust, Woodland. "Common toad (Bufo bufo) - British Reptiles". Woodland Trust. Retrieved 2023-03-11.
Trust, Woodland. "Common toad (Bufo bufo) - British Reptiles". Woodland Trust. Retrieved 2023-03-21.
Trust, Woodland. "Common toad (Bufo bufo) - British Reptiles". Woodland Trust. Retrieved 2023-03-21.

worldcat.org

Jungfer, Wolfgang (1943). "Beiträge zur Biologie der Erdkröte (Bufo bufo L.) mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Wanderung zu den Laichgewässern". Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere (in German). 40 (1–3): 117–157. doi:10.1007/BF00421679. ISSN 0720-213X. S2CID 46354366.
Landler, Lukas; Gollmann, Günter (2011). "Magnetic orientation of the Common Toad: establishing an arena approach for adult anurans". Frontiers in Zoology. 8 (1): 6. doi:10.1186/1742-9994-8-6. ISSN 1742-9994. PMC 3072941. PMID 21418651.
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