Conservation biology (English Wikipedia)

Also considered to be a consequence of evolution, where individual selection is favored over group selection. For recent discussions, see: Kay CE (1997). "The Ultimate Tragedy of Commons". Conservation Biology. 11 (6): 1447–1448. Bibcode:1997ConBi..11.1447K. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.97069.x. S2CID 1397580.
and Wilson DS, Wilson EO (December 2007). "Rethinking the theoretical foundation of sociobiology" (PDF). Quarterly Review of Biology. 82 (4): 327–48. doi:10.1086/522809. PMID 18217526. S2CID 37774648. Archived from the original on 2009-03-26.

bio-medicine.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

news.bio-medicine.org

"Asia's biodiversity vanishing into the marketplace" (Press release). Wildlife Conservation Society. February 9, 2004. Archived from the original on August 23, 2019. Retrieved October 13, 2016.
"Greatest threat to Asia's wildlife is hunting, scientists say" (Press release). Wildlife Conservation Society. April 9, 2002. Archived from the original on July 25, 2011. Retrieved October 13, 2016.

biodiv.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Convention on Biological Diversity Official Page". Archived from the original on February 27, 2007.

biodiversityhotspots.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Biodiversity Hotspots". Archived from the original on 2008-12-22.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Van Dyke, Fred (2008). Conservation biology: foundations, concepts, applications (2nd ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag. p. 478. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6891-1. hdl:11059/14777. ISBN 978-1-4020-6890-4. OCLC 232001738.
Barton, Greg (2002). Empire Forestry and the Origins of Environmentalism. Cambridge University Press. p. 48. ISBN 978-1-139-43460-7.
Baeyens, G.; M. L. Martinez (2007). Coastal Dunes: Ecology and Conservation. Springer. p. 282.
Foster, Janet (1998-01-01). Working for Wildlife: The Beginning of Preservation in Canada. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-7969-5.
Spellerberg, Ian F. (2005-08-18). Monitoring Ecological Change. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-44547-4.

conservation.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

web.conservation.org

The Global Conservation Fund Archived 2007-11-16 at the Wayback Machine is an example of funding organization that excludes biodiversity coldspots in its strategic campaign.

cornell.edu (Global: 332^nd place; English: 246^th place)

law.cornell.edu

"16 U.S. Code § 1531 - Congressional findings and declaration of purposes and policy". LII / Legal Information Institute.

cotf.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

"the story of the virungas". cotf.edu. Retrieved 2022-07-10.

croptrust.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Otto Frankel: 1960s Trailblazer for Plant Biodiversity Conservation". www.croptrust.org. Retrieved 2025-02-09.

csumb.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

essp.csumb.edu

Ecosystem Services: Estimated value in trillions Archived 2007-04-07 at the Wayback Machine

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Sahney, S.; Benton, M. J (2008). "Recovery from the most profound mass extinction of all time". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 275 (1636): 759–65. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1370. PMC 2596898. PMID 18198148.
Soulé, Michael E. (1986). "What is Conservation Biology?" (PDF). BioScience. 35 (11). American Institute of Biological Sciences: 727–734. doi:10.2307/1310054. JSTOR 1310054.
Van Dyke, Fred (2008). Conservation biology: foundations, concepts, applications (2nd ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag. p. 478. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6891-1. hdl:11059/14777. ISBN 978-1-4020-6890-4. OCLC 232001738.
Kareiva, Peter; Marvier, Michelle (November 2012). "What Is Conservation Science?". BioScience. 62 (11): 962–969. doi:10.1525/bio.2012.62.11.5. ISSN 1525-3244.
Cooke, S. J.; Sack, L.; Franklin, C. E.; Farrell, A. P.; Beardall, J.; Wikelski, M.; Chown, S. L. (2013). "What is conservation physiology? Perspectives on an increasingly integrated and essential science". Conservation Physiology. 1 (1) cot001. doi:10.1093/conphys/cot001. PMC 4732437. PMID 27293585.
Kala, Chandra Prakash (2005). "Indigenous Uses, Population Density, and Conservation of Threatened Medicinal Plants in Protected Areas of the Indian Himalayas". Conservation Biology. 19 (2): 368–78. Bibcode:2005ConBi..19..368K. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00602.x. JSTOR 3591249. S2CID 85324142.
Sahney, S.; Benton, M. J.; Ferry, P. A. (2010). "Links between global taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity and the expansion of vertebrates on land". Biology Letters. 6 (4): 544–7. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.1024. PMC 2936204. PMID 20106856.
Koh, Lian Pin; Dunn, Robert R.; Sodhi, Navjot S.; Colwell, Robert K.; Proctor, Heather C.; Smith, Vincent S. (2004). "Species coextinctions and the biodiversity crisis". Science. 305 (5690): 1632–4. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1632K. doi:10.1126/science.1101101. PMID 15361627. S2CID 30713492.
Jackson, J. B. C. (2008). "Ecological extinction and evolution in the brave new ocean". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (Suppl 1): 11458–65. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511458J. doi:10.1073/pnas.0802812105. PMC 2556419. PMID 18695220.
Fitzpatrick, Matthew C.; Hargrove, William W. (2009-07-01). "The projection of species distribution models and the problem of non-analog climate". Biodiversity and Conservation. 18 (8): 2255–2261. Bibcode:2009BiCon..18.2255F. doi:10.1007/s10531-009-9584-8. ISSN 1572-9710. S2CID 16327687.
Cooke, S. J.; Michaels, S.; Nyboer, E. A.; Schiller, L.; Littlechild, D. B. R.; et al. (2022-05-31). "Reconceptualizing conservation". PLOS Sustainability and Transformation. 1 (5) e0000016. doi:10.1371/journal.pstr.0000016. ISSN 2767-3197.
Hardin, G. (December 1968). "The Tragedy of the Commons". Science. 162 (3859): 1243–8. Bibcode:1968Sci...162.1243H. doi:10.1126/science.162.3859.1243. PMID 5699198.
Also considered to be a consequence of evolution, where individual selection is favored over group selection. For recent discussions, see: Kay CE (1997). "The Ultimate Tragedy of Commons". Conservation Biology. 11 (6): 1447–1448. Bibcode:1997ConBi..11.1447K. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.97069.x. S2CID 1397580.
and Wilson DS, Wilson EO (December 2007). "Rethinking the theoretical foundation of sociobiology" (PDF). Quarterly Review of Biology. 82 (4): 327–48. doi:10.1086/522809. PMID 18217526. S2CID 37774648. Archived from the original on 2009-03-26.
Murphree, Marshall W. (2009-05-22). "The strategic pillars of communal natural resource management: benefit, empowerment and conservation". Biodiversity and Conservation. 18 (10): 2551–2562. Bibcode:2009BiCon..18.2551M. doi:10.1007/s10531-009-9644-0. S2CID 23587547.
Lackmann, Alec R.; Bielak-Lackmann, Ewelina S.; Jacobson, Reed I.; Andrews, Allen H.; Butler, Malcolm G.; Clark, Mark E. (2023-08-30). "Harvest trends, growth and longevity, and population dynamics reveal traditional assumptions for redhorse (Moxostoma spp.) management in Minnesota are not supported". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 107 (12): 1573–1591. doi:10.1007/s10641-023-01460-8.
Lackmann, Alec R.; Andrews, Allen H.; Butler, Malcolm G.; Bielak-Lackmann, Ewelina S.; Clark, Mark E. (2019-05-23). "Bigmouth Buffalo Ictiobus cyprinellus sets freshwater teleost record as improved age analysis reveals centenarian longevity". Communications Biology. 2 (1): 197. doi:10.1038/s42003-019-0452-0. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC 6533251. PMID 31149641.
Rypel, Andrew L.; Saffarinia, Parsa; Vaughn, Caryn C.; Nesper, Larry; O'Reilly, Katherine; et al. (December 2021). "Goodbye to "Rough Fish": Paradigm Shift in the Conservation of Native Fishes". Fisheries. 46 (12): 605–616. Bibcode:2021Fish...46..605R. doi:10.1002/fsh.10660. ISSN 0363-2415.
Scarnecchia, Dennis L.; Schooley, Jason D.; Lackmann, Alec R.; Rider, Steven J.; Riecke, Dennis K.; et al. (December 2021). "The Sport Fish Restoration Program as a Funding Source to Manage and Monitor Bowfishing and Monitor Inland Commercial Fisheries". Fisheries. 46 (12): 595–604. Bibcode:2021Fish...46..595S. doi:10.1002/fsh.10679. ISSN 0363-2415.
Regan, Helen M.; Lupia, Richard; Drinnan, Andrew N.; Burgman, Mark A. (2001). "The Currency and Tempo of Extinction". The American Naturalist. 157 (1): 1–10. Bibcode:2001ANat..157....1R. doi:10.1086/317005. PMID 18707231. S2CID 205983813.
MacKenzie, Darryl I.; Nichols, James D.; Hines, James E.; Knutson, Melinda G.; Franklin, Alan B. (2003). "Estimating Site Occupancy, Colonization, and Local Extinction When a Species Is Detected Imperfectly". Ecology. 84 (8): 2200–2207. Bibcode:2003Ecol...84.2200M. doi:10.1890/02-3090. hdl:2027.42/149732. JSTOR 3450043.
Balmford, Andrew; Green, Rhys E.; Jenkins, Martin (2003). "Measuring the changing state of nature" (PDF). Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 18 (7): 326–30. Bibcode:2003TEcoE..18..326B. doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00067-3.
Raup DM (1991). "A kill curve for Phanerozoic marine species". Paleobiology. 17 (1): 37–48. Bibcode:1991Pbio...17...37R. doi:10.1017/S0094837300010332. PMID 11538288. S2CID 29102370.
Ceballos, Gerardo; Ehrlich, Paul R.; Barnosky, Anthony D.; García, Andrés; Pringle, Robert M.; Palmer, Todd M. (2015-06-01). "Accelerated modern human–induced species losses: Entering the sixth mass extinction". Science Advances. 1 (5) e1400253. Bibcode:2015SciA....1E0253C. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1400253. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 4640606. PMID 26601195.
Brun, Philipp; Thuiller, Wilfried; Chauvier, Yohann; Pellissier, Loïc; Wüest, Rafael O.; Wang, Zhiheng; Zimmermann, Niklaus E. (January 2020). "Model complexity affects species distribution projections under climate change". Journal of Biogeography. 47 (1): 130–142. Bibcode:2020JBiog..47..130B. doi:10.1111/jbi.13734. ISSN 0305-0270. S2CID 209562589.
Wilson, Edward O. (2000). "On the Future of Conservation Biology". Conservation Biology. 14 (1): 1–3. Bibcode:2000ConBi..14....1W. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.00000-e1.x. S2CID 83906221.
Margules CR, Pressey RL (May 2000). "Systematic conservation planning" (PDF). Nature. 405 (6783): 243–53. doi:10.1038/35012251. PMID 10821285. S2CID 4427223. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-02-25.
Manolis JC, Chan KM, Finkelstein ME, Stephens S, Nelson CR, Grant JB, Dombeck MP (2009). "Leadership: A new frontier in conservation science". Conserv. Biol. 23 (4): 879–86. Bibcode:2009ConBi..23..879M. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01150.x. PMID 19183215. S2CID 36810103.
Kala, Chandra Prakash (2009). "Medicinal plants conservation and enterprise development". Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries. 1 (2): 79–95. doi:10.5958/j.0975-4261.1.2.011.
Lindenmayer, David B.; Lavery, Tyrone; Scheele, Ben C. (2022-12-01). "Why We Need to Invest in Large-Scale, Long-Term Monitoring Programs in Landscape Ecology and Conservation Biology". Current Landscape Ecology Reports. 7 (4): 137–146. Bibcode:2022CLER....7..137L. doi:10.1007/s40823-022-00079-2. hdl:1885/312385. ISSN 2364-494X. S2CID 252889110.
Rodríguez-González, Patricia María; Albuquerque, António; Martínez-Almarza, Miguel; Díaz-Delgado, Ricardo (2017-11-01). "Long-term monitoring for conservation management: Lessons from a case study integrating remote sensing and field approaches in floodplain forests". Journal of Environmental Management. Piégay & Lamouroux "Enlarging spatial and temporal scales for biophysical diagnosis and sustainable river management". 202 (Pt 2): 392–402. Bibcode:2017JEnvM.202..392R. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.01.067. ISSN 0301-4797. PMID 28190693.
Burger, Joanna (July 2006). "Bioindicators: A Review of Their Use in the Environmental Literature 1970–2005". Environmental Bioindicators. 1 (2): 136–144. Bibcode:2006EnvBi...1..136B. doi:10.1080/15555270600701540. ISSN 1555-5275.
Soulé, Michael E.; Terborgh, John (October 1999). "Conserving nature at regional and continental scales—a scientific program for North America". BioScience. 49 (10): 809–817. doi:10.2307/1313572. ISSN 1525-3244. JSTOR 1313572.
Chan, Kai M. A. (2008). "Value and Advocacy in Conservation Biology: Crisis Discipline or Discipline in Crisis?". Conservation Biology. 22 (1): 1–3. Bibcode:2008ConBi..22....1C. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00869.x. PMID 18254846.
Molnar, J.; Marvier, M.; Kareiva, P. (2004). "The sum is greater than the parts". Conservation Biology. 18 (6): 1670–1. Bibcode:2004ConBi..18.1670M. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00l07.x.
Gaston, K.J. (2010). "Valuing common species". Science. 327 (5962): 154–155. Bibcode:2010Sci...327..154G. doi:10.1126/science.1182818. PMID 20056880. S2CID 206523787.
Luck, Gary W.; Daily, Gretchen C.; Ehrlich, Paul R. (2003). "Population diversity and ecosystem services". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 18 (7): 331–6. doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00100-9.
Kareiva, Peter; Marvier, Michelle (2003). "Conserving Biodiversity Coldspots". American Scientist. 91 (4): 344–51. doi:10.1511/2003.4.344.
Possingham, Hugh P.; Wilson, Kerrie A. (August 2005). "Turning up the heat on hotspots". Nature. 436 (7053): 919–920. doi:10.1038/436919a. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 16107821.
Myers, Norman; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Mittermeier, Cristina G.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Kent, Jennifer (2000). "Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities". Nature. 403 (6772): 853–8. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..853M. doi:10.1038/35002501. PMID 10706275. S2CID 4414279.
Underwood EC, Shaw MR, Wilson KA, et al. (2008). Somers M (ed.). "Protecting Biodiversity when Money Matters: Maximizing Return on Investment". PLOS ONE. 3 (1) e1515. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.1515U. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001515. PMC 2212107. PMID 18231601.
Leroux SJ, Schmiegelow FK (February 2007). "Biodiversity concordance and the importance of endemism". Conserv. Biol. 21 (1): 266–8, discussion 269–70. Bibcode:2007ConBi..21..266L. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00628.x. PMID 17298533. S2CID 1394295.
Naidoo R, Balmford A, Costanza R, et al. (July 2008). "Global mapping of ecosystem services and conservation priorities". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 (28): 9495–500. Bibcode:2008PNAS..105.9495N. doi:10.1073/pnas.0707823105. PMC 2474481. PMID 18621701.
Wood CC, Gross MR (February 2008). "Elemental conservation units: communicating extinction risk without dictating targets for protection" (PDF). Conserv. Biol. 22 (1): 36–47. Bibcode:2008ConBi..22...36W. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00856.x. PMID 18254851. S2CID 23211536. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-10-01. Retrieved 2009-01-05.
Running, S. W. (2008). "Climate Change: Ecosystem Disturbance, Carbon, and Climate". Science. 321 (5889): 652–3. doi:10.1126/science.1159607. PMID 18669853. S2CID 206513681.
Kurz, W. A.; Dymond, C. C.; Stinson, G.; Rampley, G. J.; Neilson, E. T.; Carroll, A. L.; Ebata, T.; Safranyik, L. (2008). "Mountain pine beetle and forest carbon feedback to climate change". Nature. 452 (7190): 987–90. Bibcode:2008Natur.452..987K. doi:10.1038/nature06777. PMID 18432244. S2CID 205212545.
The following papers are examples of research showing the relationship between biodiversity, biomass, and ecosystem stability:
Bowen, B. W. (December 1999). "Preserving genes, species, or ecosystems? Healing the fractured foundations of conservation policy" (PDF). Molecular Ecology. 8 (12 Suppl 1): S5–10. Bibcode:1999MolEc...8.....B. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294X.1999.00798.x. PMID 10703547. S2CID 33096004.
Cardinale BJ, Wright JP, Cadotte MW, et al. (November 2007). "Impacts of plant diversity on biomass production increase through time because of species complementarity". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (46): 18123–8. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10418123C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0709069104. PMC 2084307. PMID 17991772.
Hermoso, Virgilio; Abell, R; Linke, S; Boon, P (2016). "The role of protected areas for freshwater biodiversity conservation: challenges and opportunities in a rapidly changing world". Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 26 (S1): 3–11. Bibcode:2016ACMFE..26S...3H. doi:10.1002/aqc.2681. S2CID 88786689.
Mitchell R, Popham F (November 2008). "Effect of exposure to natural environment on health inequalities: an observational population study" (PDF). Lancet. 372 (9650): 1655–60. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61689-X. PMID 18994663. S2CID 37232884.
Mikkelson GM, Gonzalez A, Peterson GD (2007). Chave J (ed.). "Economic Inequality Predicts Biodiversity Loss". PLOS ONE. 2 (5) e444. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2..444M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000444. PMC 1864998. PMID 17505535.
Committee on Noneconomic and Economic Value of Biodiversity, Board on Biology, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council (1999). Perspectives on biodiversity: valuing its role in an everchanging world. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. doi:10.17226/9589. ISBN 978-0-309-06581-8. PMID 25077215.
Turvey, S.T; Risley, C.L (2006). "Modelling the extinction of Steller's sea cow". Biology Letters. 2 (1): 94–7. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2005.0415. PMC 1617197. PMID 17148336.
Landres PB, Verner J, Thomas JW (1988). "Ecological Uses of Vertebrate Indicator Species: A Critique" (PDF). Conserv. Biol. 2 (4): 316–28. Bibcode:1988ConBi...2..316L. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.1988.tb00195.x.
Fedriani, JM; García, L; Sanchéz, M; Calderon, J; Ramo, C (2017). "Long-term impact of protected colonial birds on a jeopardized cork oak population: conservation bias leads to restoration failure". Journal of Applied Ecology. 54 (2): 450–458. Bibcode:2017JApEc..54..450F. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12672. hdl:10261/135920.
Wake, D. B.; Vredenburg, V. T. (2008). "Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (Suppl 1): 11466–73. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511466W. doi:10.1073/pnas.0801921105. PMC 2556420. PMID 18695221.
Avise, J. C.; Hubbell, S. P.; Ayala, F. J. (2008). "In the light of evolution II: Biodiversity and extinction". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (Suppl 1): 11453–7. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511453A. doi:10.1073/pnas.0802504105. PMC 2556414. PMID 18695213.
Kennett, D. J.; Kennett, J. P.; West, A.; Mercer, C.; Hee, S. S. Q.; Bement, L.; Bunch, T. E.; Sellers, M.; Wolbach, W. S. (2009). "Nanodiamonds in the Younger Dryas Boundary Sediment Layer" (PDF). Science. 323 (5910): 94. Bibcode:2009Sci...323...94K. doi:10.1126/science.1162819. PMID 19119227. S2CID 206514910.
McCallum, Malcolm L. (2007). "Amphibian Decline or Extinction? Current Declines Dwarf Background Extinction Rate". Journal of Herpetology. 41 (3): 483–91. doi:10.1670/0022-1511(2007)41[483:ADOECD]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR 4498614. S2CID 30162903.
Carpenter, K. E.; Abrar, M.; Aeby, G.; Aronson, R. B.; Banks, S.; Bruckner, A.; Chiriboga, A.; Cortes, J.; Delbeek, J. C.; DeVantier, L.; Edgar, G. J.; Edwards, A. J.; Fenner, D.; Guzman, H. M.; Hoeksema, B. W.; Hodgson, G.; Johan, O.; Licuanan, W. Y.; Livingstone, S. R.; Lovell, E. R.; Moore, J. A.; Obura, D. O.; Ochavillo, D.; Polidoro, B. A.; Precht, W. F.; Quibilan, M. C.; Reboton, C.; Richards, Z. T.; Rogers, A. D.; Sanciangco, J.; Sheppard, A.; Sheppard, C.; Smith, J.; Stuart, S.; Turak, E.; Veron, J. E. N.; Wallace, C.; Weil, E.; Wood, E. (2008). "One-Third of Reef-Building Corals Face Elevated Extinction Risk from Climate Change and Local Impacts". Science. 321 (5888): 560–3. Bibcode:2008Sci...321..560C. doi:10.1126/science.1159196. PMID 18653892. S2CID 206513451.
Thomas, JA; Telfer, MG; Roy, DB; Preston, CD; Greenwood, JJ; Asher, J; Fox, R; Clarke, RT; Lawton, JH (2004). "Comparative Losses of British Butterflies, Birds, and Plants and the Global Extinction Crisis". Science. 303 (5665): 1879–81. Bibcode:2004Sci...303.1879T. doi:10.1126/science.1095046. PMID 15031508. S2CID 22863854.
Dunn, Robert R. (2005). "Modern Insect Extinctions, the Neglected Majority". Conservation Biology. 19 (4): 1030–6. Bibcode:2005ConBi..19.1030D. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00078.x. S2CID 38218672.
Mustajärvi, Kaisa; Siikamäki, Pirkko; Rytkönen, Saara; Lammi, Antti (2001). "Consequences of plant population size and density for plant-pollinator interactions and plant performance: Plant-pollinator interactions". Journal of Ecology. 89 (1): 80–87. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.2001.00521.x. S2CID 84923092.
Wilson, Edward O. (1987). "The Little Things That Run the world (The Importance and Conservation of Invertebrates)". Conservation Biology. 1 (4): 344–6. Bibcode:1987ConBi...1..344W. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.1987.tb00055.x. JSTOR 2386020.
Samways, Michael J. (1993). "Insects in biodiversity conservation: some perspectives and directives". Biodiversity and Conservation. 2 (3): 258–82. Bibcode:1993BiCon...2..258S. doi:10.1007/BF00056672. S2CID 43987366.
Holden, C. (2006). "Ecology: Report Warns of Looming Pollination Crisis in North America". Science. 314 (5798): 397. doi:10.1126/science.314.5798.397. PMID 17053115. S2CID 30877553.
Stokstad, E. (2007). "Entomology: The Case of the Empty Hives". Science. 316 (5827): 970–2. doi:10.1126/science.316.5827.970. PMID 17510336. S2CID 170560082.
Kwak, Mackenzie L.; Heath, Allen C. G.; Cardoso, Pedro (2020-08-01). "Methods for the assessment and conservation of threatened animal parasites". Biological Conservation. 248 108696. Bibcode:2020BCons.24808696K. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108696. ISSN 0006-3207. S2CID 225517357.
Riitters, Kurt; Wickham, James; O'Neill, Robert; Jones, K. Bruce; Smith, Elizabeth (2000-09-29). "Global-Scale Patterns of Forest Fragmentation". Conservation Ecology. 4 (2). doi:10.5751/ES-00209-040203. hdl:10535/3416. ISSN 1195-5449.
Carlson, Colin J.; Hopkins, Skylar; Bell, Kayce C.; Doña, Jorge; Godfrey, Stephanie S.; Kwak, Mackenzie L.; Lafferty, Kevin D.; Moir, Melinda L.; Speer, Kelly A.; Strona, Giovanni; Torchin, Mark; Wood, Chelsea L. (October 2020). "A global parasite conservation plan". Biological Conservation. 250 108596. Bibcode:2020BCons.25008596C. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108596. hdl:10919/102428. S2CID 225345547.
Freckleton, Rob; Sodhi, Navjot S.; Bickford, David; Diesmos, Arvin C.; Lee, Tien Ming; Koh, Lian Pin; Brook, Barry W.; Sekercioglu, Cagan H.; Bradshaw, Corey J. A. (2008). "Measuring the Meltdown: Drivers of Global Amphibian Extinction and Decline". PLOS ONE. 3 (2) e1636. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.1636S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001636. PMC 2238793. PMID 18286193.
Longcore, Travis; Rich, Catherine (2004). "Ecological light pollution". Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 2 (4): 191–8. doi:10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0191:ELP]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR 3868314. S2CID 33259398.
Knozowski, P.; Górski, A.; Stawicka, A. M.; Nowakowski, J. J. (2022-12-31). "Long-term changes in the diversity of amphibian communities inhabiting small water bodies in the urban area of Olsztyn (NE Poland)". The European Zoological Journal. 89 (1): 791–812. doi:10.1080/24750263.2022.2087773. ISSN 2475-0263. S2CID 250940055.
Rodrigues, Ana S. L.; Andelman, Sandy J.; Bakarr, Mohamed I.; Boitani, Luigi; Brooks, Thomas M.; Cowling, Richard M.; Fishpool, Lincoln D. C.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Gaston, Kevin J.; Hoffmann, Michael; Long, Janice S.; Marquet, Pablo A.; Pilgrim, John D.; Pressey, Robert L.; Schipper, Jan; Sechrest, Wes; Stuart, Simon N.; Underhill, Les G.; Waller, Robert W.; Watts, Matthew E. J.; Yan, Xie (2004). "Effectiveness of the global protected area network in representing species diversity" (PDF). Nature. 428 (6983): 640–3. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..640R. doi:10.1038/nature02422. PMID 15071592. S2CID 4320526.
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Rodríguez-González, Patricia María; Albuquerque, António; Martínez-Almarza, Miguel; Díaz-Delgado, Ricardo (2017-11-01). "Long-term monitoring for conservation management: Lessons from a case study integrating remote sensing and field approaches in floodplain forests". Journal of Environmental Management. Piégay & Lamouroux "Enlarging spatial and temporal scales for biophysical diagnosis and sustainable river management". 202 (Pt 2): 392–402. Bibcode:2017JEnvM.202..392R. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.01.067. ISSN 0301-4797. PMID 28190693.
Burger, Joanna (July 2006). "Bioindicators: A Review of Their Use in the Environmental Literature 1970–2005". Environmental Bioindicators. 1 (2): 136–144. Bibcode:2006EnvBi...1..136B. doi:10.1080/15555270600701540. ISSN 1555-5275.
Chan, Kai M. A. (2008). "Value and Advocacy in Conservation Biology: Crisis Discipline or Discipline in Crisis?". Conservation Biology. 22 (1): 1–3. Bibcode:2008ConBi..22....1C. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00869.x. PMID 18254846.
Molnar, J.; Marvier, M.; Kareiva, P. (2004). "The sum is greater than the parts". Conservation Biology. 18 (6): 1670–1. Bibcode:2004ConBi..18.1670M. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00l07.x.
Gaston, K.J. (2010). "Valuing common species". Science. 327 (5962): 154–155. Bibcode:2010Sci...327..154G. doi:10.1126/science.1182818. PMID 20056880. S2CID 206523787.
Myers, Norman; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Mittermeier, Cristina G.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Kent, Jennifer (2000). "Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities". Nature. 403 (6772): 853–8. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..853M. doi:10.1038/35002501. PMID 10706275. S2CID 4414279.
Underwood EC, Shaw MR, Wilson KA, et al. (2008). Somers M (ed.). "Protecting Biodiversity when Money Matters: Maximizing Return on Investment". PLOS ONE. 3 (1) e1515. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.1515U. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001515. PMC 2212107. PMID 18231601.
Leroux SJ, Schmiegelow FK (February 2007). "Biodiversity concordance and the importance of endemism". Conserv. Biol. 21 (1): 266–8, discussion 269–70. Bibcode:2007ConBi..21..266L. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00628.x. PMID 17298533. S2CID 1394295.
Naidoo R, Balmford A, Costanza R, et al. (July 2008). "Global mapping of ecosystem services and conservation priorities". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 (28): 9495–500. Bibcode:2008PNAS..105.9495N. doi:10.1073/pnas.0707823105. PMC 2474481. PMID 18621701.
Wood CC, Gross MR (February 2008). "Elemental conservation units: communicating extinction risk without dictating targets for protection" (PDF). Conserv. Biol. 22 (1): 36–47. Bibcode:2008ConBi..22...36W. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00856.x. PMID 18254851. S2CID 23211536. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-10-01. Retrieved 2009-01-05.
Kurz, W. A.; Dymond, C. C.; Stinson, G.; Rampley, G. J.; Neilson, E. T.; Carroll, A. L.; Ebata, T.; Safranyik, L. (2008). "Mountain pine beetle and forest carbon feedback to climate change". Nature. 452 (7190): 987–90. Bibcode:2008Natur.452..987K. doi:10.1038/nature06777. PMID 18432244. S2CID 205212545.
The following papers are examples of research showing the relationship between biodiversity, biomass, and ecosystem stability:
Bowen, B. W. (December 1999). "Preserving genes, species, or ecosystems? Healing the fractured foundations of conservation policy" (PDF). Molecular Ecology. 8 (12 Suppl 1): S5–10. Bibcode:1999MolEc...8.....B. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294X.1999.00798.x. PMID 10703547. S2CID 33096004.
Cardinale BJ, Wright JP, Cadotte MW, et al. (November 2007). "Impacts of plant diversity on biomass production increase through time because of species complementarity". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (46): 18123–8. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10418123C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0709069104. PMC 2084307. PMID 17991772.
Hermoso, Virgilio; Abell, R; Linke, S; Boon, P (2016). "The role of protected areas for freshwater biodiversity conservation: challenges and opportunities in a rapidly changing world". Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 26 (S1): 3–11. Bibcode:2016ACMFE..26S...3H. doi:10.1002/aqc.2681. S2CID 88786689.
Mikkelson GM, Gonzalez A, Peterson GD (2007). Chave J (ed.). "Economic Inequality Predicts Biodiversity Loss". PLOS ONE. 2 (5) e444. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2..444M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000444. PMC 1864998. PMID 17505535.
Landres PB, Verner J, Thomas JW (1988). "Ecological Uses of Vertebrate Indicator Species: A Critique" (PDF). Conserv. Biol. 2 (4): 316–28. Bibcode:1988ConBi...2..316L. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.1988.tb00195.x.
Fedriani, JM; García, L; Sanchéz, M; Calderon, J; Ramo, C (2017). "Long-term impact of protected colonial birds on a jeopardized cork oak population: conservation bias leads to restoration failure". Journal of Applied Ecology. 54 (2): 450–458. Bibcode:2017JApEc..54..450F. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12672. hdl:10261/135920.
Wake, D. B.; Vredenburg, V. T. (2008). "Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (Suppl 1): 11466–73. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511466W. doi:10.1073/pnas.0801921105. PMC 2556420. PMID 18695221.
Avise, J. C.; Hubbell, S. P.; Ayala, F. J. (2008). "In the light of evolution II: Biodiversity and extinction". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (Suppl 1): 11453–7. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511453A. doi:10.1073/pnas.0802504105. PMC 2556414. PMID 18695213.
Kennett, D. J.; Kennett, J. P.; West, A.; Mercer, C.; Hee, S. S. Q.; Bement, L.; Bunch, T. E.; Sellers, M.; Wolbach, W. S. (2009). "Nanodiamonds in the Younger Dryas Boundary Sediment Layer" (PDF). Science. 323 (5910): 94. Bibcode:2009Sci...323...94K. doi:10.1126/science.1162819. PMID 19119227. S2CID 206514910.
Carpenter, K. E.; Abrar, M.; Aeby, G.; Aronson, R. B.; Banks, S.; Bruckner, A.; Chiriboga, A.; Cortes, J.; Delbeek, J. C.; DeVantier, L.; Edgar, G. J.; Edwards, A. J.; Fenner, D.; Guzman, H. M.; Hoeksema, B. W.; Hodgson, G.; Johan, O.; Licuanan, W. Y.; Livingstone, S. R.; Lovell, E. R.; Moore, J. A.; Obura, D. O.; Ochavillo, D.; Polidoro, B. A.; Precht, W. F.; Quibilan, M. C.; Reboton, C.; Richards, Z. T.; Rogers, A. D.; Sanciangco, J.; Sheppard, A.; Sheppard, C.; Smith, J.; Stuart, S.; Turak, E.; Veron, J. E. N.; Wallace, C.; Weil, E.; Wood, E. (2008). "One-Third of Reef-Building Corals Face Elevated Extinction Risk from Climate Change and Local Impacts". Science. 321 (5888): 560–3. Bibcode:2008Sci...321..560C. doi:10.1126/science.1159196. PMID 18653892. S2CID 206513451.
Thomas, JA; Telfer, MG; Roy, DB; Preston, CD; Greenwood, JJ; Asher, J; Fox, R; Clarke, RT; Lawton, JH (2004). "Comparative Losses of British Butterflies, Birds, and Plants and the Global Extinction Crisis". Science. 303 (5665): 1879–81. Bibcode:2004Sci...303.1879T. doi:10.1126/science.1095046. PMID 15031508. S2CID 22863854.
Dunn, Robert R. (2005). "Modern Insect Extinctions, the Neglected Majority". Conservation Biology. 19 (4): 1030–6. Bibcode:2005ConBi..19.1030D. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00078.x. S2CID 38218672.
Wilson, Edward O. (1987). "The Little Things That Run the world (The Importance and Conservation of Invertebrates)". Conservation Biology. 1 (4): 344–6. Bibcode:1987ConBi...1..344W. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.1987.tb00055.x. JSTOR 2386020.
Samways, Michael J. (1993). "Insects in biodiversity conservation: some perspectives and directives". Biodiversity and Conservation. 2 (3): 258–82. Bibcode:1993BiCon...2..258S. doi:10.1007/BF00056672. S2CID 43987366.
Kwak, Mackenzie L.; Heath, Allen C. G.; Cardoso, Pedro (2020-08-01). "Methods for the assessment and conservation of threatened animal parasites". Biological Conservation. 248 108696. Bibcode:2020BCons.24808696K. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108696. ISSN 0006-3207. S2CID 225517357.
Carlson, Colin J.; Hopkins, Skylar; Bell, Kayce C.; Doña, Jorge; Godfrey, Stephanie S.; Kwak, Mackenzie L.; Lafferty, Kevin D.; Moir, Melinda L.; Speer, Kelly A.; Strona, Giovanni; Torchin, Mark; Wood, Chelsea L. (October 2020). "A global parasite conservation plan". Biological Conservation. 250 108596. Bibcode:2020BCons.25008596C. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108596. hdl:10919/102428. S2CID 225345547.
Freckleton, Rob; Sodhi, Navjot S.; Bickford, David; Diesmos, Arvin C.; Lee, Tien Ming; Koh, Lian Pin; Brook, Barry W.; Sekercioglu, Cagan H.; Bradshaw, Corey J. A. (2008). "Measuring the Meltdown: Drivers of Global Amphibian Extinction and Decline". PLOS ONE. 3 (2) e1636. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.1636S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001636. PMC 2238793. PMID 18286193.
Rodrigues, Ana S. L.; Andelman, Sandy J.; Bakarr, Mohamed I.; Boitani, Luigi; Brooks, Thomas M.; Cowling, Richard M.; Fishpool, Lincoln D. C.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Gaston, Kevin J.; Hoffmann, Michael; Long, Janice S.; Marquet, Pablo A.; Pilgrim, John D.; Pressey, Robert L.; Schipper, Jan; Sechrest, Wes; Stuart, Simon N.; Underhill, Les G.; Waller, Robert W.; Watts, Matthew E. J.; Yan, Xie (2004). "Effectiveness of the global protected area network in representing species diversity" (PDF). Nature. 428 (6983): 640–3. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..640R. doi:10.1038/nature02422. PMID 15071592. S2CID 4320526.
Becker, C. G.; Fonseca, C. R.; Haddad, C. F. B.; Batista, R. F.; Prado, P. I. (2007). "Habitat Split and the Global Decline of Amphibians". Science. 318 (5857): 1775–7. Bibcode:2007Sci...318.1775B. doi:10.1126/science.1149374. PMID 18079402. S2CID 22055213.
McMenamin, S. K.; Hadly, E. A.; Wright, C. K. (2008). "Climatic change and wetland desiccation cause amphibian decline in Yellowstone National Park". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (44): 16988–93. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10516988M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0809090105. PMC 2579365. PMID 18955700.
Thomas, Chris D.; Cameron, Alison; Green, Rhys E.; Bakkenes, Michel; Beaumont, Linda J.; Collingham, Yvonne C.; Erasmus, Barend F. N.; de Siqueira, Marinez Ferreira; Grainger, Alan; Hannah, Lee; Hughes, Lesley; Huntley, Brian; van Jaarsveld, Albert S.; Midgley, Guy F.; Miles, Lera; Ortega-Huerta, Miguel A.; Townsend Peterson, A.; Phillips, Oliver L.; Williams, Stephen E. (2004). "Extinction risk from climate change" (PDF). Nature. 427 (6970): 145–8. Bibcode:2004Natur.427..145T. doi:10.1038/nature02121. PMID 14712274. S2CID 969382.
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- Tilman, David; Clark, Michael; Williams, David R.; Kimmel, Kaitlin; Polasky, Stephen; Packer, Craig (2017). "Future threats to biodiversity and pathways to their prevention". Nature. 546 (7656): 73–81. Bibcode:2017Natur.546...73T. doi:10.1038/nature22900. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 28569796. S2CID 4400396.

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researchonline.jcu.edu.au

Rodrigues, Ana S. L.; Andelman, Sandy J.; Bakarr, Mohamed I.; Boitani, Luigi; Brooks, Thomas M.; Cowling, Richard M.; Fishpool, Lincoln D. C.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Gaston, Kevin J.; Hoffmann, Michael; Long, Janice S.; Marquet, Pablo A.; Pilgrim, John D.; Pressey, Robert L.; Schipper, Jan; Sechrest, Wes; Stuart, Simon N.; Underhill, Les G.; Waller, Robert W.; Watts, Matthew E. J.; Yan, Xie (2004). "Effectiveness of the global protected area network in representing species diversity" (PDF). Nature. 428 (6983): 640–3. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..640R. doi:10.1038/nature02422. PMID 15071592. S2CID 4320526.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

Soulé, Michael E. (1986). "What is Conservation Biology?" (PDF). BioScience. 35 (11). American Institute of Biological Sciences: 727–734. doi:10.2307/1310054. JSTOR 1310054.
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Soulé, Michael E. (1986). "What is Conservation Biology?" (PDF). BioScience. 35 (11). American Institute of Biological Sciences: 727–734. doi:10.2307/1310054. JSTOR 1310054.

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Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005). Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Biodiversity Synthesis. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC.[1]
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http://www.millenniumassessment.org^{[full citation needed]}^{[permanent dead link]}

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Committee on Noneconomic and Economic Value of Biodiversity, Board on Biology, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council (1999). Perspectives on biodiversity: valuing its role in an everchanging world. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. doi:10.17226/9589. ISBN 978-0-309-06581-8. PMID 25077215.

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Dell'Amore, Christine (30 May 2014). "Species Extinction Happening 1,000 Times Faster Because of Humans?". National Geographic. Archived from the original on May 31, 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2016.
Worrall, Simon (20 August 2016). "How the Current Mass Extinction of Animals Threatens Humans". National Geographic. Archived from the original on August 23, 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2016.
Thomas, Chris D.; Cameron, Alison; Green, Rhys E.; Bakkenes, Michel; Beaumont, Linda J.; Collingham, Yvonne C.; Erasmus, Barend F. N.; de Siqueira, Marinez Ferreira; Grainger, Alan; Hannah, Lee; Hughes, Lesley; Huntley, Brian; van Jaarsveld, Albert S.; Midgley, Guy F.; Miles, Lera; Ortega-Huerta, Miguel A.; Townsend Peterson, A.; Phillips, Oliver L.; Williams, Stephen E. (2004). "Extinction risk from climate change" (PDF). Nature. 427 (6970): 145–8. Bibcode:2004Natur.427..145T. doi:10.1038/nature02121. PMID 14712274. S2CID 969382.
- John Roach (July 12, 2004). "By 2050 Warming to Doom Million Species, Study Says". National Geographic.

nationalgeographic.org (Global: 2,660^th place; English: 2,078^th place)

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nature.com (Global: 234^th place; English: 397^th place)

Kearns, Carol Ann (2010). "Conservation of Biodiversity". Nature Education Knowledge. 3 (10): 7.
Possingham, Hugh P.; Wilson, Kerrie A. (August 2005). "Turning up the heat on hotspots". Nature. 436 (7053): 919–920. doi:10.1038/436919a. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 16107821.
Chapin III, F. Stuart; Zavaleta, Erika S.; Eviner, Valerie T.; Naylor, Rosamond L.; Vitousek, Peter M.; Reynolds, Heather L.; Hooper, David U.; Lavorel, Sandra; Sala, Osvaldo E.; Hobbie, Sarah E.; Mack, Michelle C.; Díaz, Sandra (May 2000). "Consequences of changing biodiversity". Nature. 405 (6783): 234–242. doi:10.1038/35012241. hdl:11336/37401. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 10821284.
Tilman, David; Clark, Michael; Williams, David R.; Kimmel, Kaitlin; Polasky, Stephen; Packer, Craig (2017). "Future threats to biodiversity and pathways to their prevention". Nature. 546 (7656): 73–81. Bibcode:2017Natur.546...73T. doi:10.1038/nature22900. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 28569796. S2CID 4400396.

naturewatch.ca (Global: low place; English: low place)

Macdonald, N. (2002). Frogwatch Teachers' guide to frogs as indicators of ecosystem health.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Sahney, S.; Benton, M. J (2008). "Recovery from the most profound mass extinction of all time". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 275 (1636): 759–65. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1370. PMC 2596898. PMID 18198148.
Cooke, S. J.; Sack, L.; Franklin, C. E.; Farrell, A. P.; Beardall, J.; Wikelski, M.; Chown, S. L. (2013). "What is conservation physiology? Perspectives on an increasingly integrated and essential science". Conservation Physiology. 1 (1) cot001. doi:10.1093/conphys/cot001. PMC 4732437. PMID 27293585.
Sahney, S.; Benton, M. J.; Ferry, P. A. (2010). "Links between global taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity and the expansion of vertebrates on land". Biology Letters. 6 (4): 544–7. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.1024. PMC 2936204. PMID 20106856.
Koh, Lian Pin; Dunn, Robert R.; Sodhi, Navjot S.; Colwell, Robert K.; Proctor, Heather C.; Smith, Vincent S. (2004). "Species coextinctions and the biodiversity crisis". Science. 305 (5690): 1632–4. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1632K. doi:10.1126/science.1101101. PMID 15361627. S2CID 30713492.
Jackson, J. B. C. (2008). "Ecological extinction and evolution in the brave new ocean". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (Suppl 1): 11458–65. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511458J. doi:10.1073/pnas.0802812105. PMC 2556419. PMID 18695220.
Hardin, G. (December 1968). "The Tragedy of the Commons". Science. 162 (3859): 1243–8. Bibcode:1968Sci...162.1243H. doi:10.1126/science.162.3859.1243. PMID 5699198.
Also considered to be a consequence of evolution, where individual selection is favored over group selection. For recent discussions, see: Kay CE (1997). "The Ultimate Tragedy of Commons". Conservation Biology. 11 (6): 1447–1448. Bibcode:1997ConBi..11.1447K. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.97069.x. S2CID 1397580.
and Wilson DS, Wilson EO (December 2007). "Rethinking the theoretical foundation of sociobiology" (PDF). Quarterly Review of Biology. 82 (4): 327–48. doi:10.1086/522809. PMID 18217526. S2CID 37774648. Archived from the original on 2009-03-26.
Lackmann, Alec R.; Andrews, Allen H.; Butler, Malcolm G.; Bielak-Lackmann, Ewelina S.; Clark, Mark E. (2019-05-23). "Bigmouth Buffalo Ictiobus cyprinellus sets freshwater teleost record as improved age analysis reveals centenarian longevity". Communications Biology. 2 (1): 197. doi:10.1038/s42003-019-0452-0. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC 6533251. PMID 31149641.
Regan, Helen M.; Lupia, Richard; Drinnan, Andrew N.; Burgman, Mark A. (2001). "The Currency and Tempo of Extinction". The American Naturalist. 157 (1): 1–10. Bibcode:2001ANat..157....1R. doi:10.1086/317005. PMID 18707231. S2CID 205983813.
Raup DM (1991). "A kill curve for Phanerozoic marine species". Paleobiology. 17 (1): 37–48. Bibcode:1991Pbio...17...37R. doi:10.1017/S0094837300010332. PMID 11538288. S2CID 29102370.
Ceballos, Gerardo; Ehrlich, Paul R.; Barnosky, Anthony D.; García, Andrés; Pringle, Robert M.; Palmer, Todd M. (2015-06-01). "Accelerated modern human–induced species losses: Entering the sixth mass extinction". Science Advances. 1 (5) e1400253. Bibcode:2015SciA....1E0253C. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1400253. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 4640606. PMID 26601195.
Margules CR, Pressey RL (May 2000). "Systematic conservation planning" (PDF). Nature. 405 (6783): 243–53. doi:10.1038/35012251. PMID 10821285. S2CID 4427223. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-02-25.
Manolis JC, Chan KM, Finkelstein ME, Stephens S, Nelson CR, Grant JB, Dombeck MP (2009). "Leadership: A new frontier in conservation science". Conserv. Biol. 23 (4): 879–86. Bibcode:2009ConBi..23..879M. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.01150.x. PMID 19183215. S2CID 36810103.
Rodríguez-González, Patricia María; Albuquerque, António; Martínez-Almarza, Miguel; Díaz-Delgado, Ricardo (2017-11-01). "Long-term monitoring for conservation management: Lessons from a case study integrating remote sensing and field approaches in floodplain forests". Journal of Environmental Management. Piégay & Lamouroux "Enlarging spatial and temporal scales for biophysical diagnosis and sustainable river management". 202 (Pt 2): 392–402. Bibcode:2017JEnvM.202..392R. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.01.067. ISSN 0301-4797. PMID 28190693.
Chan, Kai M. A. (2008). "Value and Advocacy in Conservation Biology: Crisis Discipline or Discipline in Crisis?". Conservation Biology. 22 (1): 1–3. Bibcode:2008ConBi..22....1C. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00869.x. PMID 18254846.
Gaston, K.J. (2010). "Valuing common species". Science. 327 (5962): 154–155. Bibcode:2010Sci...327..154G. doi:10.1126/science.1182818. PMID 20056880. S2CID 206523787.
Possingham, Hugh P.; Wilson, Kerrie A. (August 2005). "Turning up the heat on hotspots". Nature. 436 (7053): 919–920. doi:10.1038/436919a. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 16107821.
Myers, Norman; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Mittermeier, Cristina G.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Kent, Jennifer (2000). "Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities". Nature. 403 (6772): 853–8. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..853M. doi:10.1038/35002501. PMID 10706275. S2CID 4414279.
Underwood EC, Shaw MR, Wilson KA, et al. (2008). Somers M (ed.). "Protecting Biodiversity when Money Matters: Maximizing Return on Investment". PLOS ONE. 3 (1) e1515. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.1515U. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001515. PMC 2212107. PMID 18231601.
Leroux SJ, Schmiegelow FK (February 2007). "Biodiversity concordance and the importance of endemism". Conserv. Biol. 21 (1): 266–8, discussion 269–70. Bibcode:2007ConBi..21..266L. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00628.x. PMID 17298533. S2CID 1394295.
Naidoo R, Balmford A, Costanza R, et al. (July 2008). "Global mapping of ecosystem services and conservation priorities". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 (28): 9495–500. Bibcode:2008PNAS..105.9495N. doi:10.1073/pnas.0707823105. PMC 2474481. PMID 18621701.
Wood CC, Gross MR (February 2008). "Elemental conservation units: communicating extinction risk without dictating targets for protection" (PDF). Conserv. Biol. 22 (1): 36–47. Bibcode:2008ConBi..22...36W. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00856.x. PMID 18254851. S2CID 23211536. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-10-01. Retrieved 2009-01-05.
Running, S. W. (2008). "Climate Change: Ecosystem Disturbance, Carbon, and Climate". Science. 321 (5889): 652–3. doi:10.1126/science.1159607. PMID 18669853. S2CID 206513681.
Kurz, W. A.; Dymond, C. C.; Stinson, G.; Rampley, G. J.; Neilson, E. T.; Carroll, A. L.; Ebata, T.; Safranyik, L. (2008). "Mountain pine beetle and forest carbon feedback to climate change". Nature. 452 (7190): 987–90. Bibcode:2008Natur.452..987K. doi:10.1038/nature06777. PMID 18432244. S2CID 205212545.
The following papers are examples of research showing the relationship between biodiversity, biomass, and ecosystem stability:
Bowen, B. W. (December 1999). "Preserving genes, species, or ecosystems? Healing the fractured foundations of conservation policy" (PDF). Molecular Ecology. 8 (12 Suppl 1): S5–10. Bibcode:1999MolEc...8.....B. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294X.1999.00798.x. PMID 10703547. S2CID 33096004.
Cardinale BJ, Wright JP, Cadotte MW, et al. (November 2007). "Impacts of plant diversity on biomass production increase through time because of species complementarity". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (46): 18123–8. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10418123C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0709069104. PMC 2084307. PMID 17991772.
Mitchell R, Popham F (November 2008). "Effect of exposure to natural environment on health inequalities: an observational population study" (PDF). Lancet. 372 (9650): 1655–60. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61689-X. PMID 18994663. S2CID 37232884.
Mikkelson GM, Gonzalez A, Peterson GD (2007). Chave J (ed.). "Economic Inequality Predicts Biodiversity Loss". PLOS ONE. 2 (5) e444. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2..444M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000444. PMC 1864998. PMID 17505535.
Committee on Noneconomic and Economic Value of Biodiversity, Board on Biology, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council (1999). Perspectives on biodiversity: valuing its role in an everchanging world. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. doi:10.17226/9589. ISBN 978-0-309-06581-8. PMID 25077215.
Turvey, S.T; Risley, C.L (2006). "Modelling the extinction of Steller's sea cow". Biology Letters. 2 (1): 94–7. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2005.0415. PMC 1617197. PMID 17148336.
Wake, D. B.; Vredenburg, V. T. (2008). "Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (Suppl 1): 11466–73. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511466W. doi:10.1073/pnas.0801921105. PMC 2556420. PMID 18695221.
Avise, J. C.; Hubbell, S. P.; Ayala, F. J. (2008). "In the light of evolution II: Biodiversity and extinction". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (Suppl 1): 11453–7. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10511453A. doi:10.1073/pnas.0802504105. PMC 2556414. PMID 18695213.
Kennett, D. J.; Kennett, J. P.; West, A.; Mercer, C.; Hee, S. S. Q.; Bement, L.; Bunch, T. E.; Sellers, M.; Wolbach, W. S. (2009). "Nanodiamonds in the Younger Dryas Boundary Sediment Layer" (PDF). Science. 323 (5910): 94. Bibcode:2009Sci...323...94K. doi:10.1126/science.1162819. PMID 19119227. S2CID 206514910.
Carpenter, K. E.; Abrar, M.; Aeby, G.; Aronson, R. B.; Banks, S.; Bruckner, A.; Chiriboga, A.; Cortes, J.; Delbeek, J. C.; DeVantier, L.; Edgar, G. J.; Edwards, A. J.; Fenner, D.; Guzman, H. M.; Hoeksema, B. W.; Hodgson, G.; Johan, O.; Licuanan, W. Y.; Livingstone, S. R.; Lovell, E. R.; Moore, J. A.; Obura, D. O.; Ochavillo, D.; Polidoro, B. A.; Precht, W. F.; Quibilan, M. C.; Reboton, C.; Richards, Z. T.; Rogers, A. D.; Sanciangco, J.; Sheppard, A.; Sheppard, C.; Smith, J.; Stuart, S.; Turak, E.; Veron, J. E. N.; Wallace, C.; Weil, E.; Wood, E. (2008). "One-Third of Reef-Building Corals Face Elevated Extinction Risk from Climate Change and Local Impacts". Science. 321 (5888): 560–3. Bibcode:2008Sci...321..560C. doi:10.1126/science.1159196. PMID 18653892. S2CID 206513451.
Thomas, JA; Telfer, MG; Roy, DB; Preston, CD; Greenwood, JJ; Asher, J; Fox, R; Clarke, RT; Lawton, JH (2004). "Comparative Losses of British Butterflies, Birds, and Plants and the Global Extinction Crisis". Science. 303 (5665): 1879–81. Bibcode:2004Sci...303.1879T. doi:10.1126/science.1095046. PMID 15031508. S2CID 22863854.
Holden, C. (2006). "Ecology: Report Warns of Looming Pollination Crisis in North America". Science. 314 (5798): 397. doi:10.1126/science.314.5798.397. PMID 17053115. S2CID 30877553.
Stokstad, E. (2007). "Entomology: The Case of the Empty Hives". Science. 316 (5827): 970–2. doi:10.1126/science.316.5827.970. PMID 17510336. S2CID 170560082.
Freckleton, Rob; Sodhi, Navjot S.; Bickford, David; Diesmos, Arvin C.; Lee, Tien Ming; Koh, Lian Pin; Brook, Barry W.; Sekercioglu, Cagan H.; Bradshaw, Corey J. A. (2008). "Measuring the Meltdown: Drivers of Global Amphibian Extinction and Decline". PLOS ONE. 3 (2) e1636. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.1636S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001636. PMC 2238793. PMID 18286193.
Rodrigues, Ana S. L.; Andelman, Sandy J.; Bakarr, Mohamed I.; Boitani, Luigi; Brooks, Thomas M.; Cowling, Richard M.; Fishpool, Lincoln D. C.; da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Gaston, Kevin J.; Hoffmann, Michael; Long, Janice S.; Marquet, Pablo A.; Pilgrim, John D.; Pressey, Robert L.; Schipper, Jan; Sechrest, Wes; Stuart, Simon N.; Underhill, Les G.; Waller, Robert W.; Watts, Matthew E. J.; Yan, Xie (2004). "Effectiveness of the global protected area network in representing species diversity" (PDF). Nature. 428 (6983): 640–3. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..640R. doi:10.1038/nature02422. PMID 15071592. S2CID 4320526.
Chapin III, F. Stuart; Zavaleta, Erika S.; Eviner, Valerie T.; Naylor, Rosamond L.; Vitousek, Peter M.; Reynolds, Heather L.; Hooper, David U.; Lavorel, Sandra; Sala, Osvaldo E.; Hobbie, Sarah E.; Mack, Michelle C.; Díaz, Sandra (May 2000). "Consequences of changing biodiversity". Nature. 405 (6783): 234–242. doi:10.1038/35012241. hdl:11336/37401. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 10821284.
Wilcove, David S; Wikelski, Martin (2008). "Going, Going, Gone: Is Animal Migration Disappearing". PLOS Biology. 6 (7) e188. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060188. PMC 2486312. PMID 18666834.
Becker, C. G.; Fonseca, C. R.; Haddad, C. F. B.; Batista, R. F.; Prado, P. I. (2007). "Habitat Split and the Global Decline of Amphibians". Science. 318 (5857): 1775–7. Bibcode:2007Sci...318.1775B. doi:10.1126/science.1149374. PMID 18079402. S2CID 22055213.
McMenamin, S. K.; Hadly, E. A.; Wright, C. K. (2008). "Climatic change and wetland desiccation cause amphibian decline in Yellowstone National Park". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (44): 16988–93. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10516988M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0809090105. PMC 2579365. PMID 18955700.
Thomas, Chris D.; Cameron, Alison; Green, Rhys E.; Bakkenes, Michel; Beaumont, Linda J.; Collingham, Yvonne C.; Erasmus, Barend F. N.; de Siqueira, Marinez Ferreira; Grainger, Alan; Hannah, Lee; Hughes, Lesley; Huntley, Brian; van Jaarsveld, Albert S.; Midgley, Guy F.; Miles, Lera; Ortega-Huerta, Miguel A.; Townsend Peterson, A.; Phillips, Oliver L.; Williams, Stephen E. (2004). "Extinction risk from climate change" (PDF). Nature. 427 (6970): 145–8. Bibcode:2004Natur.427..145T. doi:10.1038/nature02121. PMID 14712274. S2CID 969382.
- John Roach (July 12, 2004). "By 2050 Warming to Doom Million Species, Study Says". National Geographic.
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- The following papers are examples of research showing the relationship between biodiversity, biomass, and ecosystem stability:
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The following papers are examples of research showing the relationship between biodiversity, biomass, and ecosystem stability:
Bowen, B. W. (December 1999). "Preserving genes, species, or ecosystems? Healing the fractured foundations of conservation policy" (PDF). Molecular Ecology. 8 (12 Suppl 1): S5–10. Bibcode:1999MolEc...8.....B. doi:10.1046/j.1365-294X.1999.00798.x. PMID 10703547. S2CID 33096004.
Cardinale BJ, Wright JP, Cadotte MW, et al. (November 2007). "Impacts of plant diversity on biomass production increase through time because of species complementarity". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 (46): 18123–8. Bibcode:2007PNAS..10418123C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0709069104. PMC 2084307. PMID 17991772.
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McCallum, Malcolm L. (2007). "Amphibian Decline or Extinction? Current Declines Dwarf Background Extinction Rate". Journal of Herpetology. 41 (3): 483–91. doi:10.1670/0022-1511(2007)41[483:ADOECD]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR 4498614. S2CID 30162903.
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