Continuum hypothesis (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Continuum hypothesis" in English language version.

Last modified: 11:23:11, 6 August 2026 (UTC)

Ref.Un. Ref.Website

Global rank English rank

1917doi.org

2^nd place

119jstor.org

23^rd place

15^th place

86ams.org

434^th place

249^th place

86nih.gov

5^th place

75ghostarchive.org

64^th place

28^th place

65semanticscholar.org

15^th place

8^th place

44arxiv.org

49^th place

31^st place

43adsabs.harvard.edu

14^th place

9^th place

31archive.org

6^th place

22logic.harvard.edu

low place

22web.archive.org

1^st place

11digizeitschriften.de

low place

11worldcat.org

4^th place

11stackexchange.com

4,114^th place

3,027^th place

11psu.edu

299^th place

159^th place

11projecteuclid.org

4,781^st place

3,117^th place

11helsinki.fi

1,384^th place

2,463^rd place

11quantamagazine.org

6,258^th place

4,046^th place

11stanford.edu

194^th place

182^nd place

11biodiversitylibrary.org

168^th place

136^th place

11maa.org

4,358^th place

2,907^th place

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Cohen, Paul J. (15 December 1963). "The independence of the Continuum Hypothesis, [part I]". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 50 (6): 1143–1148. Bibcode:1963PNAS...50.1143C. doi:10.1073/pnas.50.6.1143. JSTOR 71858. PMC 221287. PMID 16578557.
Gödel, Kurt (1938). "The Consistency of the Axiom of Choice and of the Generalized Continuum-Hypothesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 24 (12): 556–557. Bibcode:1938PNAS...24..556G. doi:10.1073/pnas.24.12.556. PMC 1077160. PMID 16577857.
Cohen, Paul J. (15 January 1964). "The independence of the Continuum Hypothesis, [part] II". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 51 (1): 105–110. Bibcode:1964PNAS...51..105C. doi:10.1073/pnas.51.1.105. JSTOR 72252. PMC 300611. PMID 16591132.

ams.org (Global: 434^th place; English: 249^th place)

mathscinet.ams.org

Goodman, Nicolas D. (1979). "Mathematics as an objective science". The American Mathematical Monthly. 86 (7): 540–551. doi:10.2307/2320581. JSTOR 2320581. MR 0542765. This view is often called formalism. Positions more or less like this may be found in Haskell Curry [5], Abraham Robinson [17], and Paul Cohen [4].
Bagemihl, F. (1989–1990). "Throwing a dart at Freiling's argument against the continuum hypothesis". Real Analysis Exchange. 15 (1): 342–345. doi:10.2307/44152014. JSTOR 44152014. MR 1042552.
Moore, Gregory H. (2011). "Early history of the generalized continuum hypothesis: 1878–1938". Bulletin of Symbolic Logic. 17 (4): 489–532. doi:10.2178/bsl/1318855631. MR 2896574.
Merimovich, Carmi (2007). "A power function with a fixed finite gap everywhere". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 72 (2): 361–417. arXiv:math/0005179. doi:10.2178/jsl/1185803615. MR 2320282. S2CID 15577499.

ams.org

Woodin, W. Hugh (2001). "The Continuum Hypothesis, Part I" (PDF). Notices of the AMS. 48 (6): 567–576. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-10.
Woodin, W. Hugh (2001). "The Continuum Hypothesis, Part II" (PDF). Notices of the AMS. 48 (7): 681–690. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-10.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Gödel, Kurt (1940). The Consistency of the Axiom of Choice and of the Generalized Continuum-Hypothesis with the Axioms of Set Theory. Annals of Mathematics Studies (No. 3). Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press – via Internet Archive.

arxiv.org (Global: 49^th place; English: 31^st place)

Hamkins, Joel David (January 2015). "Is the Dream Solution of the Continuum Hypothesis Attainable?". Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic. 56 (1). arXiv:1203.4026. doi:10.1215/00294527-2835047.
Hamkins, Joel David (2012). "The set-theoretic multiverse". The Review of Symbolic Logic. 5 (3): 416–449. arXiv:1108.4223. doi:10.1017/S1755020311000359. S2CID 33807508.
Shelah, Saharon (2003). "Logical dreams". Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. New Series. 40 (2): 203–228. arXiv:math/0211398. doi:10.1090/s0273-0979-03-00981-9. S2CID 1510438.
Merimovich, Carmi (2007). "A power function with a fixed finite gap everywhere". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 72 (2): 361–417. arXiv:math/0005179. doi:10.2178/jsl/1185803615. MR 2320282. S2CID 15577499.

biodiversitylibrary.org (Global: 168^th place; English: 136^th place)

Jourdain, Philip E.B. (1905). "On transfinite cardinal numbers of the exponential form". Philosophical Magazine. Series 6. 9 (49): 42–56. doi:10.1080/14786440509463254.

digizeitschriften.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

Cantor, Georg (1878). "Ein Beitrag zur Mannigfaltigkeitslehre". Journal für die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik. 1878 (84): 242–258. doi:10.1515/crll.1878.84.242 (inactive 17 December 2025).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of December 2025 (link)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Cantor, Georg (1878). "Ein Beitrag zur Mannigfaltigkeitslehre". Journal für die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik. 1878 (84): 242–258. doi:10.1515/crll.1878.84.242 (inactive 17 December 2025).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of December 2025 (link)
Cohen, Paul J. (15 December 1963). "The independence of the Continuum Hypothesis, [part I]". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 50 (6): 1143–1148. Bibcode:1963PNAS...50.1143C. doi:10.1073/pnas.50.6.1143. JSTOR 71858. PMC 221287. PMID 16578557.
Gödel, Kurt (1938). "The Consistency of the Axiom of Choice and of the Generalized Continuum-Hypothesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 24 (12): 556–557. Bibcode:1938PNAS...24..556G. doi:10.1073/pnas.24.12.556. PMC 1077160. PMID 16577857.
Cohen, Paul J. (15 January 1964). "The independence of the Continuum Hypothesis, [part] II". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 51 (1): 105–110. Bibcode:1964PNAS...51..105C. doi:10.1073/pnas.51.1.105. JSTOR 72252. PMC 300611. PMID 16591132.
Feferman, Solomon (February 1999). "Does mathematics need new axioms?". American Mathematical Monthly. 106 (2): 99–111. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.37.295. doi:10.2307/2589047. JSTOR 2589047. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
Goodman, Nicolas D. (1979). "Mathematics as an objective science". The American Mathematical Monthly. 86 (7): 540–551. doi:10.2307/2320581. JSTOR 2320581. MR 0542765. This view is often called formalism. Positions more or less like this may be found in Haskell Curry [5], Abraham Robinson [17], and Paul Cohen [4].
Maddy 1988, p. 500. Maddy, Penelope (June 1988). "Believing the axioms, [part I]". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 53 (2). Association for Symbolic Logic: 481–511. doi:10.2307/2274520. JSTOR 2274520.
Freiling, Chris (1986). "Axioms of Symmetry: Throwing darts at the real number line". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 51 (1). Association for Symbolic Logic: 190–200. doi:10.2307/2273955. JSTOR 2273955. S2CID 38174418.
Bagemihl, F. (1989–1990). "Throwing a dart at Freiling's argument against the continuum hypothesis". Real Analysis Exchange. 15 (1): 342–345. doi:10.2307/44152014. JSTOR 44152014. MR 1042552.
Hamkins, Joel David (January 2015). "Is the Dream Solution of the Continuum Hypothesis Attainable?". Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic. 56 (1). arXiv:1203.4026. doi:10.1215/00294527-2835047.
Rittberg, Colin J. (March 2015). "How Woodin changed his mind: new thoughts on the Continuum Hypothesis". Archive for History of Exact Sciences. 69 (2): 125–151. doi:10.1007/s00407-014-0142-8. S2CID 122205863.
Hamkins, Joel David (2012). "The set-theoretic multiverse". The Review of Symbolic Logic. 5 (3): 416–449. arXiv:1108.4223. doi:10.1017/S1755020311000359. S2CID 33807508.
Shelah, Saharon (2003). "Logical dreams". Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. New Series. 40 (2): 203–228. arXiv:math/0211398. doi:10.1090/s0273-0979-03-00981-9. S2CID 1510438.
Jourdain, Philip E.B. (1905). "On transfinite cardinal numbers of the exponential form". Philosophical Magazine. Series 6. 9 (49): 42–56. doi:10.1080/14786440509463254.
Moore, Gregory H. (2011). "Early history of the generalized continuum hypothesis: 1878–1938". Bulletin of Symbolic Logic. 17 (4): 489–532. doi:10.2178/bsl/1318855631. MR 2896574.
Gillman, Leonard (2002). "Two classical surprises concerning the Axiom of Choice and the Continuum Hypothesis" (PDF). American Mathematical Monthly. 109 (6): 544–553. doi:10.2307/2695444. JSTOR 2695444. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-10.
Merimovich, Carmi (2007). "A power function with a fixed finite gap everywhere". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 72 (2): 361–417. arXiv:math/0005179. doi:10.2178/jsl/1185803615. MR 2320282. S2CID 15577499.

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64^th place; English: 28^th place)

Woodin, W. Hugh (2001). "The Continuum Hypothesis, Part I" (PDF). Notices of the AMS. 48 (6): 567–576. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-10.
Woodin, W. Hugh (2001). "The Continuum Hypothesis, Part II" (PDF). Notices of the AMS. 48 (7): 681–690. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-10.
Foreman, Matt (2003). "Has the Continuum Hypothesis been settled?" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-10. Retrieved 25 February 2006.
Feferman, Solomon (2011). "Is the Continuum Hypothesis a definite mathematical problem?" (PDF). Exploring the Frontiers of Independence. Harvard lecture series. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-10.
Gillman, Leonard (2002). "Two classical surprises concerning the Axiom of Choice and the Continuum Hypothesis" (PDF). American Mathematical Monthly. 109 (6): 544–553. doi:10.2307/2695444. JSTOR 2695444. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-10.

helsinki.fi (Global: 1,384^th place; English: 2,463^rd place)

math.helsinki.fi

Foreman, Matt (2003). "Has the Continuum Hypothesis been settled?" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-10. Retrieved 25 February 2006.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Dreben, Burton; Kanamori, Akihiro (1997). "Hilbert and Set Theory". Synthese. 110 (1): 77–125. ISSN 0039-7857.
Cohen, Paul J. (15 December 1963). "The independence of the Continuum Hypothesis, [part I]". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 50 (6): 1143–1148. Bibcode:1963PNAS...50.1143C. doi:10.1073/pnas.50.6.1143. JSTOR 71858. PMC 221287. PMID 16578557.
Cohen, Paul J. (15 January 1964). "The independence of the Continuum Hypothesis, [part] II". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 51 (1): 105–110. Bibcode:1964PNAS...51..105C. doi:10.1073/pnas.51.1.105. JSTOR 72252. PMC 300611. PMID 16591132.
Feferman, Solomon (February 1999). "Does mathematics need new axioms?". American Mathematical Monthly. 106 (2): 99–111. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.37.295. doi:10.2307/2589047. JSTOR 2589047. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
Goodman, Nicolas D. (1979). "Mathematics as an objective science". The American Mathematical Monthly. 86 (7): 540–551. doi:10.2307/2320581. JSTOR 2320581. MR 0542765. This view is often called formalism. Positions more or less like this may be found in Haskell Curry [5], Abraham Robinson [17], and Paul Cohen [4].
Maddy 1988, p. 500. Maddy, Penelope (June 1988). "Believing the axioms, [part I]". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 53 (2). Association for Symbolic Logic: 481–511. doi:10.2307/2274520. JSTOR 2274520.
Freiling, Chris (1986). "Axioms of Symmetry: Throwing darts at the real number line". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 51 (1). Association for Symbolic Logic: 190–200. doi:10.2307/2273955. JSTOR 2273955. S2CID 38174418.
Bagemihl, F. (1989–1990). "Throwing a dart at Freiling's argument against the continuum hypothesis". Real Analysis Exchange. 15 (1): 342–345. doi:10.2307/44152014. JSTOR 44152014. MR 1042552.
Gillman, Leonard (2002). "Two classical surprises concerning the Axiom of Choice and the Continuum Hypothesis" (PDF). American Mathematical Monthly. 109 (6): 544–553. doi:10.2307/2695444. JSTOR 2695444. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-10.

logic.harvard.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

Koellner, Peter (2011). "The Continuum Hypothesis" (PDF). Exploring the Frontiers of Independence. Harvard lecture series. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-01-24.
Koellner, Peter (2011). "Feferman on the indefiniteness of CH" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-03-19.

maa.org (Global: 4,358^th place; English: 2,907^th place)

Gillman, Leonard (2002). "Two classical surprises concerning the Axiom of Choice and the Continuum Hypothesis" (PDF). American Mathematical Monthly. 109 (6): 544–553. doi:10.2307/2695444. JSTOR 2695444. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-10.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Cohen, Paul J. (15 December 1963). "The independence of the Continuum Hypothesis, [part I]". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 50 (6): 1143–1148. Bibcode:1963PNAS...50.1143C. doi:10.1073/pnas.50.6.1143. JSTOR 71858. PMC 221287. PMID 16578557.
Gödel, Kurt (1938). "The Consistency of the Axiom of Choice and of the Generalized Continuum-Hypothesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 24 (12): 556–557. Bibcode:1938PNAS...24..556G. doi:10.1073/pnas.24.12.556. PMC 1077160. PMID 16577857.
Cohen, Paul J. (15 January 1964). "The independence of the Continuum Hypothesis, [part] II". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 51 (1): 105–110. Bibcode:1964PNAS...51..105C. doi:10.1073/pnas.51.1.105. JSTOR 72252. PMC 300611. PMID 16591132.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Cohen, Paul J. (15 December 1963). "The independence of the Continuum Hypothesis, [part I]". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 50 (6): 1143–1148. Bibcode:1963PNAS...50.1143C. doi:10.1073/pnas.50.6.1143. JSTOR 71858. PMC 221287. PMID 16578557.
Gödel, Kurt (1938). "The Consistency of the Axiom of Choice and of the Generalized Continuum-Hypothesis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 24 (12): 556–557. Bibcode:1938PNAS...24..556G. doi:10.1073/pnas.24.12.556. PMC 1077160. PMID 16577857.
Cohen, Paul J. (15 January 1964). "The independence of the Continuum Hypothesis, [part] II". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 51 (1): 105–110. Bibcode:1964PNAS...51..105C. doi:10.1073/pnas.51.1.105. JSTOR 72252. PMC 300611. PMID 16591132.

projecteuclid.org (Global: 4,781^st place; English: 3,117^th place)

Bagemihl, F. (1989–1990). "Throwing a dart at Freiling's argument against the continuum hypothesis". Real Analysis Exchange. 15 (1): 342–345. doi:10.2307/44152014. JSTOR 44152014. MR 1042552.

psu.edu (Global: 299^th place; English: 159^th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Feferman, Solomon (February 1999). "Does mathematics need new axioms?". American Mathematical Monthly. 106 (2): 99–111. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.37.295. doi:10.2307/2589047. JSTOR 2589047. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)

quantamagazine.org (Global: 6,258^th place; English: 4,046^th place)

Wolchover, Natalie (15 July 2021). "How Many Numbers Exist? Infinity Proof Moves Math Closer to an Answer". Quanta Magazine. Retrieved 30 December 2021.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Freiling, Chris (1986). "Axioms of Symmetry: Throwing darts at the real number line". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 51 (1). Association for Symbolic Logic: 190–200. doi:10.2307/2273955. JSTOR 2273955. S2CID 38174418.
Rittberg, Colin J. (March 2015). "How Woodin changed his mind: new thoughts on the Continuum Hypothesis". Archive for History of Exact Sciences. 69 (2): 125–151. doi:10.1007/s00407-014-0142-8. S2CID 122205863.
Hamkins, Joel David (2012). "The set-theoretic multiverse". The Review of Symbolic Logic. 5 (3): 416–449. arXiv:1108.4223. doi:10.1017/S1755020311000359. S2CID 33807508.
Shelah, Saharon (2003). "Logical dreams". Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. New Series. 40 (2): 203–228. arXiv:math/0211398. doi:10.1090/s0273-0979-03-00981-9. S2CID 1510438.
Merimovich, Carmi (2007). "A power function with a fixed finite gap everywhere". Journal of Symbolic Logic. 72 (2): 361–417. arXiv:math/0005179. doi:10.2178/jsl/1185803615. MR 2320282. S2CID 15577499.

stackexchange.com (Global: 4,114^th place; English: 3,027^th place)

math.stackexchange.com

Asaf Karagila (https://math.stackexchange.com/users/622/asaf-karagila), How to formulate continuum hypothesis without the axiom of choice?, URL (version: 2017-04-13): https://math.stackexchange.com/q/404813

stanford.edu (Global: 194^th place; English: 182^nd place)

math.stanford.edu

Feferman, Solomon (2011). "Is the Continuum Hypothesis a definite mathematical problem?" (PDF). Exploring the Frontiers of Independence. Harvard lecture series. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-10.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Koellner, Peter (2011). "The Continuum Hypothesis" (PDF). Exploring the Frontiers of Independence. Harvard lecture series. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-01-24.
Koellner, Peter (2011). "Feferman on the indefiniteness of CH" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-03-19.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Dreben, Burton; Kanamori, Akihiro (1997). "Hilbert and Set Theory". Synthese. 110 (1): 77–125. ISSN 0039-7857.

Continuum hypothesis (English Wikipedia)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14th place; English: 9th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

ams.org (Global: 434th place; English: 249th place)

mathscinet.ams.org

ams.org

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

arxiv.org (Global: 49th place; English: 31st place)

biodiversitylibrary.org (Global: 168th place; English: 136th place)

digizeitschriften.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64th place; English: 28th place)

helsinki.fi (Global: 1,384th place; English: 2,463rd place)