Contrail (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Contrail" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

17doi.org

2^nd place

15web.archive.org

1^st place

12harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

10nih.gov

4^th place

7semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

2dlr.de

9,342^nd place

9,837^th place

2newscientist.com

774^th place

716^th place

2copernicus.org

7,281^st place

5,368^th place

2eurocontrol.int

9,225^th place

7,811^th place

2nasa.gov

75^th place

83^rd place

1faa.gov

1,009^th place

607^th place

1britannica.com

40^th place

58^th place

1theweathernetwork.com

low place

1namesofclouds.com

low place

1bbc.com

20^th place

30^th place

1aviationweek.com

1,181^st place

736^th place

1ainonline.com

2,567^th place

1,570^th place

1verticalmag.com

low place

7,556^th place

1snipercountry.com

low place

1youtube.com

9^th place

13^th place

1breachbangclear.com

low place

1science.org

1,160^th place

737^th place

1ipcc.ch

1,778^th place

1,339^th place

1wiley.com

222^nd place

297^th place

1nature.com

234^th place

397^th place

1sciencenews.org

3,410^th place

2,939^th place

1ametsoc.org

4,162^nd place

3,578^th place

1sciencedaily.com

993^rd place

920^th place

1uww.edu

low place

1int-res.com

low place

8,747^th place

1scientificamerican.com

896^th place

674^th place

1livescience.com

1,190^th place

959^th place

1handle.net

102^nd place

76^th place

1contrails.org

low place

1nats.aero

low place

1research.google

low place

1contrailscience.com

low place

1cbsnews.com

108^th place

80^th place

1globalsecurity.org

443^rd place

435^th place

1bahneman.com

low place

1mercurynews.com

701^st place

439^th place

1usra.edu

2,838^th place

2,185^th place

1nwas.org

low place

ainonline.com

Sean Broderick (24 December 2017). "Biofuels Could Reduce Contrail Formation, Research Finds". Retrieved 13 October 2021.

ametsoc.org

journals.ametsoc.org

Travis, D. J.; A. M. Carleton; R. G. Lauritsen (March 2004). "Regional Variations in U.S. Diurnal Temperature Range for the 11–14 September 2001 Aircraft Groundings: Evidence of Jet Contrail Influence on Climate". J. Clim. 17 (5): 1123. Bibcode:2004JCli...17.1123T. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<1123:RVIUDT>2.0.CO;2.

aviationweek.com

"The Week in Technology". Aviation Week & Space Technology. 20–24 March 2017. Paper published in Nature, Rich Moore & Hans Schlager, authors.

bahneman.com

blog.bahneman.com

Bahneman, Liem (9 November 2010). "It was US Airways flight 808". Archived from the original on 13 November 2010. Retrieved 10 November 2010.

bbc.com

Timperley, Jocelyn. "The fastest ways aviation could cut emissions". www.bbc.com. Retrieved 11 June 2021.

breachbangclear.com

Norseman, Dave the (15 June 2017). "Language Lessons: TRACE". Breach Bang Clear. Retrieved 13 October 2021.

britannica.com

"vapour trail". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. Retrieved 17 April 2012.

cbsnews.com

"Pentagon Can't Explain "Missile" off California". CBS. 9 November 2010. Archived from the original on 10 November 2010. Retrieved 10 November 2010.

contrails.org

"Reviate - Contrail avoidance for the climate". contrails.org. Retrieved 12 May 2024.

contrailscience.com

West, Mick (10 November 2010). "A Problem of Perspective – New Year's Eve Contrail". Archived from the original on 12 November 2010. Retrieved 10 November 2010.

copernicus.org

acp.copernicus.org

Bock, Lisa; Burkhardt, Ulrike (2019). "Contrail cirrus radiative forcing for future air traffic". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 19 (12): 8163. Bibcode:2019ACP....19.8163B. doi:10.5194/acp-19-8163-2019.
Gettelman, Andrew; Chen, Chieh-Chieh; Bardeen, Charles G. (18 June 2021). "The climate impact of COVID-19-induced contrail changes". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 21 (12): 9405–9416. doi:10.5194/acp-21-9405-2021.

dlr.de

elib.dlr.de

Richard H. Moore; et al. (15 March 2017). "Biofuel blending reduces particle emissions from aircraft engines at cruise conditions" (PDF). Nature. 543 (7645): 411–415. Bibcode:2017Natur.543..411M. doi:10.1038/nature21420. PMC 8025803. PMID 28300096. S2CID 4447403. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 April 2019.
Lee, D. S.; et al. (2009). "Aviation and global climate change in the 21st century" (PDF). Atmos. Environ. 43 (22): 3520–3537. Bibcode:2009AtmEn..43.3520L. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.04.024. PMC 7185790. PMID 32362760. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 July 2016.

doi.org

Ritchie, Glenn; Still, Kenneth; Rossi Iii, John; Bekkedal, Marni; Bobb, Andrew; Arfsten, Darryl (2003). "Biological and health effects of exposure to kerosene-based jet fuels and performance additives". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B. 6 (4): 357–451. doi:10.1080/10937400306473. PMID 12775519. S2CID 30595016.
Richard H. Moore; et al. (15 March 2017). "Biofuel blending reduces particle emissions from aircraft engines at cruise conditions" (PDF). Nature. 543 (7645): 411–415. Bibcode:2017Natur.543..411M. doi:10.1038/nature21420. PMC 8025803. PMID 28300096. S2CID 4447403. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 April 2019.
Ponater, M.; et al. (2005). "On contrail climate sensitivity". Geophysical Research Letters. 32 (10): L10706. Bibcode:2005GeoRL..3210706P. doi:10.1029/2005GL022580.
Lee, D. S.; et al. (2009). "Aviation and global climate change in the 21st century" (PDF). Atmos. Environ. 43 (22): 3520–3537. Bibcode:2009AtmEn..43.3520L. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.04.024. PMC 7185790. PMID 32362760. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 July 2016.
Bock, Lisa; Burkhardt, Ulrike (2019). "Contrail cirrus radiative forcing for future air traffic". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 19 (12): 8163. Bibcode:2019ACP....19.8163B. doi:10.5194/acp-19-8163-2019.
IPCC, 2021: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S. L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M. I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J. B. R. Matthews, T. K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 3–32, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.001.
Bernhardt, J.; Carleton, A. M. (14 March 2015), "The impacts of long-lived jet contrail 'outbreaks' on surface station diurnal temperature range", Journal of International Climatology, 35 (15): 4529–4538, Bibcode:2015IJCli..35.4529B, doi:10.1002/joc.4303, S2CID 128789946
Stuber, Nicola; et al. (15 June 2006). "The importance of the diurnal and annual cycle of air traffic for contrail radiative forcing". Nature. 441 (7095): 864–7. Bibcode:2006Natur.441..864S. doi:10.1038/nature04877. PMID 16778887. S2CID 4348401.
Travis, D. J.; A. Carleton; R. G. Lauritsen (August 2002). "Contrails reduce daily temperature range". Nature. 418 (6898): 601. Bibcode:2002Natur.418..601T. doi:10.1038/418601a. PMID 12167846. S2CID 4425866.
Travis, D. J.; A. M. Carleton; R. G. Lauritsen (March 2004). "Regional Variations in U.S. Diurnal Temperature Range for the 11–14 September 2001 Aircraft Groundings: Evidence of Jet Contrail Influence on Climate". J. Clim. 17 (5): 1123. Bibcode:2004JCli...17.1123T. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<1123:RVIUDT>2.0.CO;2.
Travis, David J.; Carleton, Andrew M.; Lauritsen, Ryan G. (2002). "Contrails reduce daily temperature range" (PDF). Nature. 418 (6898): 601. Bibcode:2002Natur.418..601T. doi:10.1038/418601a. PMID 12167846. S2CID 4425866. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 May 2006.
Kalkstein; Balling Jr. (2004). "Impact of unusually clear weather on United States daily temperature range following 9/11/2001". Climate Research. 26: 1. Bibcode:2004ClRes..26....1K. doi:10.3354/cr026001.
Hong, Gang; Yang, Ping; Minnis, Patrick; Hu, Yong X.; North, Gerald (2008). "Do contrails significantly reduce daily temperature range?" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 35 (23): L23815. Bibcode:2008GeoRL..3523815H. doi:10.1029/2008GL036108. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
Ryan, A. C.; et al. (2012). "World War II contrails: A case study of aviation-induced cloudiness". International Journal of Climatology. 32 (11): 1745–1753. Bibcode:2012IJCli..32.1745R. doi:10.1002/joc.2392. S2CID 129296874.
Digby, Ruth A. R.; Gillett, Nathan P.; Monahan, Adam H.; Cole, Jason N. S. (29 September 2021). "An Observational Constraint on Aviation-Induced Cirrus From the COVID-19-Induced Flight Disruption". Geophysical Research Letters. 48 (20): e2021GL095882. doi:10.1029/2021GL095882. PMC 8667656. PMID 34924638.
Gettelman, Andrew; Chen, Chieh-Chieh; Bardeen, Charles G. (18 June 2021). "The climate impact of COVID-19-induced contrail changes". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 21 (12): 9405–9416. doi:10.5194/acp-21-9405-2021.
Zhu, Jialei; Penner, Joyce E.; Garnier, Anne; Boucher, Olivier; Gao, Meng; Song, Lei; Deng, Junjun; Liu, Cong-qiang; Fu, Pingqing (18 March 2022). "Decreased Aviation Leads to Increased Ice Crystal Number and a Positive Radiative Effect in Cirrus Clouds". AGU Advances. 3 (2): ee2020GL089788. doi:10.1029/2021AV000546. hdl:2027.42/172020.

eurocontrol.int

"A unique opportunity to accelerate development | EUROCONTROL". www.eurocontrol.int. 16 November 2020. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
"EUROCONTROL launches ContrailNet - the new network to create a common repository of contrail observation data | EUROCONTROL". www.eurocontrol.int. 7 November 2023. Retrieved 12 May 2024.

faa.gov

"Aircraft Contrails Factsheet" (PDF). FAA.Gov. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 September 2006. Retrieved 10 September 2023.

globalsecurity.org

Pike, John E. (November 2010). "Mystery Missile Madness". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 11 November 2010.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Zhu, Jialei; Penner, Joyce E.; Garnier, Anne; Boucher, Olivier; Gao, Meng; Song, Lei; Deng, Junjun; Liu, Cong-qiang; Fu, Pingqing (18 March 2022). "Decreased Aviation Leads to Increased Ice Crystal Number and a Positive Radiative Effect in Cirrus Clouds". AGU Advances. 3 (2): ee2020GL089788. doi:10.1029/2021AV000546. hdl:2027.42/172020.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Richard H. Moore; et al. (15 March 2017). "Biofuel blending reduces particle emissions from aircraft engines at cruise conditions" (PDF). Nature. 543 (7645): 411–415. Bibcode:2017Natur.543..411M. doi:10.1038/nature21420. PMC 8025803. PMID 28300096. S2CID 4447403. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 April 2019.
Ponater, M.; et al. (2005). "On contrail climate sensitivity". Geophysical Research Letters. 32 (10): L10706. Bibcode:2005GeoRL..3210706P. doi:10.1029/2005GL022580.
Lee, D. S.; et al. (2009). "Aviation and global climate change in the 21st century" (PDF). Atmos. Environ. 43 (22): 3520–3537. Bibcode:2009AtmEn..43.3520L. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.04.024. PMC 7185790. PMID 32362760. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 July 2016.
Bock, Lisa; Burkhardt, Ulrike (2019). "Contrail cirrus radiative forcing for future air traffic". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 19 (12): 8163. Bibcode:2019ACP....19.8163B. doi:10.5194/acp-19-8163-2019.
Bernhardt, J.; Carleton, A. M. (14 March 2015), "The impacts of long-lived jet contrail 'outbreaks' on surface station diurnal temperature range", Journal of International Climatology, 35 (15): 4529–4538, Bibcode:2015IJCli..35.4529B, doi:10.1002/joc.4303, S2CID 128789946
Stuber, Nicola; et al. (15 June 2006). "The importance of the diurnal and annual cycle of air traffic for contrail radiative forcing". Nature. 441 (7095): 864–7. Bibcode:2006Natur.441..864S. doi:10.1038/nature04877. PMID 16778887. S2CID 4348401.
Travis, D. J.; A. Carleton; R. G. Lauritsen (August 2002). "Contrails reduce daily temperature range". Nature. 418 (6898): 601. Bibcode:2002Natur.418..601T. doi:10.1038/418601a. PMID 12167846. S2CID 4425866.
Travis, D. J.; A. M. Carleton; R. G. Lauritsen (March 2004). "Regional Variations in U.S. Diurnal Temperature Range for the 11–14 September 2001 Aircraft Groundings: Evidence of Jet Contrail Influence on Climate". J. Clim. 17 (5): 1123. Bibcode:2004JCli...17.1123T. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<1123:RVIUDT>2.0.CO;2.
Travis, David J.; Carleton, Andrew M.; Lauritsen, Ryan G. (2002). "Contrails reduce daily temperature range" (PDF). Nature. 418 (6898): 601. Bibcode:2002Natur.418..601T. doi:10.1038/418601a. PMID 12167846. S2CID 4425866. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 May 2006.
Kalkstein; Balling Jr. (2004). "Impact of unusually clear weather on United States daily temperature range following 9/11/2001". Climate Research. 26: 1. Bibcode:2004ClRes..26....1K. doi:10.3354/cr026001.
Hong, Gang; Yang, Ping; Minnis, Patrick; Hu, Yong X.; North, Gerald (2008). "Do contrails significantly reduce daily temperature range?" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 35 (23): L23815. Bibcode:2008GeoRL..3523815H. doi:10.1029/2008GL036108. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
Ryan, A. C.; et al. (2012). "World War II contrails: A case study of aviation-induced cloudiness". International Journal of Climatology. 32 (11): 1745–1753. Bibcode:2012IJCli..32.1745R. doi:10.1002/joc.2392. S2CID 129296874.

int-res.com

Kalkstein; Balling Jr. (2004). "Impact of unusually clear weather on United States daily temperature range following 9/11/2001". Climate Research. 26: 1. Bibcode:2004ClRes..26....1K. doi:10.3354/cr026001.

ipcc.ch

IPCC, 2021: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S. L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M. I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J. B. R. Matthews, T. K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 3–32, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.001.

livescience.com

Parry, Wynne (7 July 2011). "WWII Bombing Raids Altered English Weather". livescience.com. Retrieved 13 October 2021.

mercurynews.com

"Pentagon: 'Mystery missile' was probably airplane". Mercury News/AP. 10 November 2010. Archived from the original on 12 January 2012. Retrieved 11 November 2010.

namesofclouds.com

"Cirrus Aviaticus – Cirrus – Names of Clouds". namesofclouds.com. Retrieved 13 October 2021.

nasa.gov

science-edu.larc.nasa.gov

"Contrail Education – FAQ". nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 8 April 2016.

enso.larc.nasa.gov

Hong, Gang; Yang, Ping; Minnis, Patrick; Hu, Yong X.; North, Gerald (2008). "Do contrails significantly reduce daily temperature range?" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 35 (23): L23815. Bibcode:2008GeoRL..3523815H. doi:10.1029/2008GL036108. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2024.

nats.aero

Andrews, Siân (13 December 2023). "Leading the Way in Contrail Avoidance". NATS Blog. Retrieved 12 May 2024.

nature.com

Stuber, Nicola; et al. (15 June 2006). "The importance of the diurnal and annual cycle of air traffic for contrail radiative forcing". Nature. 441 (7095): 864–7. Bibcode:2006Natur.441..864S. doi:10.1038/nature04877. PMID 16778887. S2CID 4348401.

newscientist.com

Michael Le Page (27 June 2019). "It turns out planes are even worse for the climate than we thought". New Scientist. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
McKee, Maggie (9 November 2010). "Mystery 'missile' likely a jet contrail, says expert". New Scientist. Archived from the original on 10 November 2010. Retrieved 10 November 2010.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Ritchie, Glenn; Still, Kenneth; Rossi Iii, John; Bekkedal, Marni; Bobb, Andrew; Arfsten, Darryl (2003). "Biological and health effects of exposure to kerosene-based jet fuels and performance additives". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B. 6 (4): 357–451. doi:10.1080/10937400306473. PMID 12775519. S2CID 30595016.
Richard H. Moore; et al. (15 March 2017). "Biofuel blending reduces particle emissions from aircraft engines at cruise conditions" (PDF). Nature. 543 (7645): 411–415. Bibcode:2017Natur.543..411M. doi:10.1038/nature21420. PMC 8025803. PMID 28300096. S2CID 4447403. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 April 2019.
Lee, D. S.; et al. (2009). "Aviation and global climate change in the 21st century" (PDF). Atmos. Environ. 43 (22): 3520–3537. Bibcode:2009AtmEn..43.3520L. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.04.024. PMC 7185790. PMID 32362760. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 July 2016.
Stuber, Nicola; et al. (15 June 2006). "The importance of the diurnal and annual cycle of air traffic for contrail radiative forcing". Nature. 441 (7095): 864–7. Bibcode:2006Natur.441..864S. doi:10.1038/nature04877. PMID 16778887. S2CID 4348401.
Travis, D. J.; A. Carleton; R. G. Lauritsen (August 2002). "Contrails reduce daily temperature range". Nature. 418 (6898): 601. Bibcode:2002Natur.418..601T. doi:10.1038/418601a. PMID 12167846. S2CID 4425866.
Travis, David J.; Carleton, Andrew M.; Lauritsen, Ryan G. (2002). "Contrails reduce daily temperature range" (PDF). Nature. 418 (6898): 601. Bibcode:2002Natur.418..601T. doi:10.1038/418601a. PMID 12167846. S2CID 4425866. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 May 2006.
Digby, Ruth A. R.; Gillett, Nathan P.; Monahan, Adam H.; Cole, Jason N. S. (29 September 2021). "An Observational Constraint on Aviation-Induced Cirrus From the COVID-19-Induced Flight Disruption". Geophysical Research Letters. 48 (20): e2021GL095882. doi:10.1029/2021GL095882. PMC 8667656. PMID 34924638.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Richard H. Moore; et al. (15 March 2017). "Biofuel blending reduces particle emissions from aircraft engines at cruise conditions" (PDF). Nature. 543 (7645): 411–415. Bibcode:2017Natur.543..411M. doi:10.1038/nature21420. PMC 8025803. PMID 28300096. S2CID 4447403. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 April 2019.
Lee, D. S.; et al. (2009). "Aviation and global climate change in the 21st century" (PDF). Atmos. Environ. 43 (22): 3520–3537. Bibcode:2009AtmEn..43.3520L. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.04.024. PMC 7185790. PMID 32362760. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 July 2016.
Digby, Ruth A. R.; Gillett, Nathan P.; Monahan, Adam H.; Cole, Jason N. S. (29 September 2021). "An Observational Constraint on Aviation-Induced Cirrus From the COVID-19-Induced Flight Disruption". Geophysical Research Letters. 48 (20): e2021GL095882. doi:10.1029/2021GL095882. PMC 8667656. PMID 34924638.

nwas.org

nwafiles.nwas.org

Corfidi, Stephen; Brandli, Hank (May 1986). "GOES views aircraft distrails" (PDF). National Weather Digest. 11: 37–39. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 April 2017. Retrieved 13 October 2021.

research.google

sites.research.google

"Project Contrails: Preventing Contrails with AI - Google Research". Project Contrails: Preventing Contrails with AI - Google Research. Retrieved 12 May 2024.

science.org

KATIE CAMERO (28 June 2019). "Aviation's dirty secret: Airplane contrails are a surprisingly potent cause of global warming Warming effect of thin, white clouds will triple by 2050". www.science.org. Retrieved 10 May 2024.

sciencedaily.com

"Jet contrails affect surface temperatures", Science Daily, 18 June 2015, retrieved 13 October 2021

sciencenews.org

Perkins, Sid. (11 May 2002), "September's Science: Shutdown of airlines aided contrail studies", Science News, Science News Online, retrieved 13 October 2021

scientificamerican.com

Irfan, Umair (7 July 2011). "World War II Bomber Contrails Show How Aviation Affects Climate". scientificamerican.com (ClimateWire). Retrieved 13 October 2021.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Ritchie, Glenn; Still, Kenneth; Rossi Iii, John; Bekkedal, Marni; Bobb, Andrew; Arfsten, Darryl (2003). "Biological and health effects of exposure to kerosene-based jet fuels and performance additives". Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B. 6 (4): 357–451. doi:10.1080/10937400306473. PMID 12775519. S2CID 30595016.
Richard H. Moore; et al. (15 March 2017). "Biofuel blending reduces particle emissions from aircraft engines at cruise conditions" (PDF). Nature. 543 (7645): 411–415. Bibcode:2017Natur.543..411M. doi:10.1038/nature21420. PMC 8025803. PMID 28300096. S2CID 4447403. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 April 2019.
Bernhardt, J.; Carleton, A. M. (14 March 2015), "The impacts of long-lived jet contrail 'outbreaks' on surface station diurnal temperature range", Journal of International Climatology, 35 (15): 4529–4538, Bibcode:2015IJCli..35.4529B, doi:10.1002/joc.4303, S2CID 128789946
Stuber, Nicola; et al. (15 June 2006). "The importance of the diurnal and annual cycle of air traffic for contrail radiative forcing". Nature. 441 (7095): 864–7. Bibcode:2006Natur.441..864S. doi:10.1038/nature04877. PMID 16778887. S2CID 4348401.
Travis, D. J.; A. Carleton; R. G. Lauritsen (August 2002). "Contrails reduce daily temperature range". Nature. 418 (6898): 601. Bibcode:2002Natur.418..601T. doi:10.1038/418601a. PMID 12167846. S2CID 4425866.
Travis, David J.; Carleton, Andrew M.; Lauritsen, Ryan G. (2002). "Contrails reduce daily temperature range" (PDF). Nature. 418 (6898): 601. Bibcode:2002Natur.418..601T. doi:10.1038/418601a. PMID 12167846. S2CID 4425866. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 May 2006.
Ryan, A. C.; et al. (2012). "World War II contrails: A case study of aviation-induced cloudiness". International Journal of Climatology. 32 (11): 1745–1753. Bibcode:2012IJCli..32.1745R. doi:10.1002/joc.2392. S2CID 129296874.

snipercountry.com

"Vapor trail and Bullet trace". Sniper Country. 9 August 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2021.

theweathernetwork.com

Sutherland, Scott (23 March 2017). "Cloud Atlas leaps into 21st century with 12 new cloud types". The Weather Network. Pelmorex Media. Archived from the original on 31 May 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2017.

usra.edu

epod.usra.edu

"Distrail on Earth Science Picture of the Day". epod.usra.edu. Archived from the original on 16 October 2002. Retrieved 11 January 2008.

uww.edu

facstaff.uww.edu

Travis, David J.; Carleton, Andrew M.; Lauritsen, Ryan G. (2002). "Contrails reduce daily temperature range" (PDF). Nature. 418 (6898): 601. Bibcode:2002Natur.418..601T. doi:10.1038/418601a. PMID 12167846. S2CID 4425866. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 May 2006.

verticalmag.com

"Photos from the field". Vertical Magazine. April–May 2014. p. 39. Archived from the original on 16 July 2014. Retrieved 8 July 2014.

web.archive.org

"Aircraft Contrails Factsheet" (PDF). FAA.Gov. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 September 2006. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
Sutherland, Scott (23 March 2017). "Cloud Atlas leaps into 21st century with 12 new cloud types". The Weather Network. Pelmorex Media. Archived from the original on 31 May 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
"Contrail Education – FAQ". nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 8 April 2016.
Richard H. Moore; et al. (15 March 2017). "Biofuel blending reduces particle emissions from aircraft engines at cruise conditions" (PDF). Nature. 543 (7645): 411–415. Bibcode:2017Natur.543..411M. doi:10.1038/nature21420. PMC 8025803. PMID 28300096. S2CID 4447403. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 April 2019.
"Photos from the field". Vertical Magazine. April–May 2014. p. 39. Archived from the original on 16 July 2014. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
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