Coptic language (English Wikipedia)

Zeldes & Abrams 2018. Zeldes, Amir; Abrams, Mitchell (2018). "The Coptic Universal Dependency Treebank" (PDF). Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Universal Dependencies (UDW 2018). Association for Computational Linguistics: 171–179. Retrieved February 17, 2025.

axistranslations.com

"Coptic Language History". www.axistranslations.com. Archived from the original on 2016-03-27. Retrieved 2020-05-24.

books.google.com

Allen 2020, p. 1. Allen, James P. (2020). Coptic: A Grammar of Its Six Major Dialects. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 978-1-64602-064-5.
Layton 2007, p. 1. Layton, Bentley (2007). Coptic in 20 Lessons: Introduction to Sahidic Coptic with Exercises & Vocabularies. Peeters Publishers. ISBN 978-90-429-1810-8.
Allen 2010, p. 1–2. Allen, James P. (2010). Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-48635-4.
Guirguis, Fatin Morris (2010). "The Vision of Theophilus: Resistance Through Orality Among the Persecuted Copts".
Swanson, Mark N. (2010). The Coptic Papacy in Islamic Egypt (641-1517). American Univ in Cairo Press. ISBN 978-977-416-093-6. Archived from the original on 2024-05-26. Retrieved 2023-03-19.

britannica.com

"Coptic language | Egyptian, Christianity & Alphabet | Britannica", britannica.com, 21 September 2024

britishmuseum.org

"Collections Online | British Museum". www.britishmuseum.org. Archived from the original on 2024-03-02. Retrieved 2025-01-22.

claremont.edu

ccdl.claremont.edu

Emile Maher Ishaq. "Coptic language, Spoken". The Coptic Encyclopedia. Vol. 2. pp. 604a – 607a.
"Dialect P (or Proto-Theban)". Claremont Colleges Digital Library. Macmillan – via Claremont Graduate University, School of Religion.
"Dialect P (or Proto-Theban)".

degruyter.com

Funk, Wolf-Peter (1987). "Die Zeugen des koptischen Literaturdialekts I7". Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde. 114 (1–2): 129. doi:10.1524/zaes.1987.114.12.117. S2CID 192659355.

doi.org

Blasco Torres, Ana Isabel (2017). Representing Foreign Sounds: Greek Transcriptions of Egyptian Anthroponyms from 800 BC to 800 AD. University of Salamanca. p. 613. doi:10.14201/gredos.135722 (inactive 1 November 2024). Archived from the original on 2021-05-16. Retrieved 2021-03-14. ...four main dialects were spoken in Graeco-Roman Egypt: Bohairic in the Delta, Fayumic in the Fayum, Sahidic between approximately Oxyrhynchus and Lykopolis and Akhmimic between Panopolis and Elephantine.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
Rubenson, Samuel (December 31, 1996). "The Transition from Coptic to Arabic". Égypte/Monde arabe (27–28): 77–92. doi:10.4000/ema.1920. Archived from the original on September 2, 2021. Retrieved June 20, 2019 – via journals.openedition.org.
Schaefer (2006), p. 50. Schaefer, K. R. (2006). Enigmatic Charms: Medieval Arabic Block Printed Amulets in American and European Libraries and Museums. Leiden: E. J. Brill. doi:10.1163/9789047408529. ISBN 978-90-474-0852-9.
Miyokawa, Hiroko (2016). "Pharaonism and the Revival of the Coptic Language among Early Twentieth-Century Coptic Christians". Bulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan. 58 (2): 184–195. doi:10.5356/jorient.58.2_184. Archived from the original on 2021-07-11. Retrieved 2021-06-30.
Funk, Wolf-Peter (1987). "Die Zeugen des koptischen Literaturdialekts I7". Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde. 114 (1–2): 129. doi:10.1524/zaes.1987.114.12.117. S2CID 192659355.
Takács, Gábor (2015). "Questions of Egyptian Historical Phonology and Afro-Asiatic". Bibliotheca Orientalis. 72 (5–6): 565–585. doi:10.2143/BIOR.72.5.3139332. p. 569: Firstly, as is well-known, Coptic ⲃ had the value [v] or less probably [β].

ethnologue.com

"Coptic". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2022-07-01. Retrieved 2022-05-17.

files.wordpress.com

copticsounds.files.wordpress.com

The language may have survived in isolated pockets in Upper Egypt as late as the 19th century, according to James Edward Quibell, "When did Coptic become extinct?" in Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde, 39 (1901), p. 87. In the village of Pi-Solsel (Az-Zayniyyah, El Zenya or Al Zeniya north of Luxor), passive speakers over 50 years old were recorded as late as the 1930s, and traces of traditional vernacular Coptic reported to exist in other places such as Abydos and Dendera, see Werner Vycichl, Pi-Solsel, ein Dorf mit koptischer Überlieferung in: Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo, (MDAIK) vol. 6, 1936, pp. 169–175 (in German).

freelyreceive.net

Plumley 1948. Plumley, John Martin (1948). Introductory Coptic Grammar. London: Home & Van Thal.

georgetown.edu

corpling.uis.georgetown.edu

"ⲗⲁϩⲙϥ [lahmf], ⲗⲁϩⲙⲉϥ [lahmef]". Coptic Dictionary Online. Georgetown University. Archived from the original on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2017-10-09.

google.com

Egypt's Identities in Conflict: The Political and Religious Landscape of Copts and Muslims. p. 71-72.

jst.go.jp

jstage.jst.go.jp

Miyokawa, Hiroko (2016). "Pharaonism and the Revival of the Coptic Language among Early Twentieth-Century Coptic Christians". Bulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan. 58 (2): 184–195. doi:10.5356/jorient.58.2_184. Archived from the original on 2021-07-11. Retrieved 2021-06-30.

omniglot.com

Ager, Simon. "Coptic language and alphabet". www.omniglot.com. Retrieved 2025-02-17. Translation and transliteration provided by William Murray.

openedition.org

journals.openedition.org

Rubenson, Samuel (December 31, 1996). "The Transition from Coptic to Arabic". Égypte/Monde arabe (27–28): 77–92. doi:10.4000/ema.1920. Archived from the original on September 2, 2021. Retrieved June 20, 2019 – via journals.openedition.org.

peeters-leuven.be

poj.peeters-leuven.be

Takács, Gábor (2015). "Questions of Egyptian Historical Phonology and Afro-Asiatic". Bibliotheca Orientalis. 72 (5–6): 565–585. doi:10.2143/BIOR.72.5.3139332. p. 569: Firstly, as is well-known, Coptic ⲃ had the value [v] or less probably [β].

projetrosette.info

"pAy, pA(n)y". Projet Rosette. Archived from the original on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2017-10-09.
"nTr". Projet Rosette. Archived from the original on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2017-10-09.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Funk, Wolf-Peter (1987). "Die Zeugen des koptischen Literaturdialekts I7". Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde. 114 (1–2): 129. doi:10.1524/zaes.1987.114.12.117. S2CID 192659355.

suscopts.org

"The Coptic Alphabet" (PDF). www.suscopts.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2006-05-13.
"Coptic Lesson 5:The Rule of the JINKIM" (PDF). Coptic Orthodox Diocese of the Southern United States. Archived from the original (PDF) on Jun 21, 2022.

theguardian.com

Endangered languages: The full list, 15 April 2011, retrieved 12 October 2024

uni-heidelberg.de

archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de

Richter 2009, p. 404. Richter, Tonio Sebastian (2009). "Greek, Coptic and the 'language of the Hijra': the rise and decline of the Coptic language in late antique and medieval Egypt" (PDF). Hellenism to Islam: Cultural and Linguistic Change in the Roman Near East. Cambridge University Press.

usal.es

gredos.usal.es

Blasco Torres, Ana Isabel (2017). Representing Foreign Sounds: Greek Transcriptions of Egyptian Anthroponyms from 800 BC to 800 AD. University of Salamanca. p. 613. doi:10.14201/gredos.135722 (inactive 1 November 2024). Archived from the original on 2021-05-16. Retrieved 2021-03-14. ...four main dialects were spoken in Graeco-Roman Egypt: Bohairic in the Delta, Fayumic in the Fayum, Sahidic between approximately Oxyrhynchus and Lykopolis and Akhmimic between Panopolis and Elephantine.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)

web.archive.org

"Coptic". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2022-07-01. Retrieved 2022-05-17.
Blasco Torres, Ana Isabel (2017). Representing Foreign Sounds: Greek Transcriptions of Egyptian Anthroponyms from 800 BC to 800 AD. University of Salamanca. p. 613. doi:10.14201/gredos.135722 (inactive 1 November 2024). Archived from the original on 2021-05-16. Retrieved 2021-03-14. ...four main dialects were spoken in Graeco-Roman Egypt: Bohairic in the Delta, Fayumic in the Fayum, Sahidic between approximately Oxyrhynchus and Lykopolis and Akhmimic between Panopolis and Elephantine.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
"Coptic Language History". www.axistranslations.com. Archived from the original on 2016-03-27. Retrieved 2020-05-24.
"pAy, pA(n)y". Projet Rosette. Archived from the original on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2017-10-09.
"nTr". Projet Rosette. Archived from the original on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2017-10-09.
"ⲗⲁϩⲙϥ [lahmf], ⲗⲁϩⲙⲉϥ [lahmef]". Coptic Dictionary Online. Georgetown University. Archived from the original on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2017-10-09.
"Collections Online | British Museum". www.britishmuseum.org. Archived from the original on 2024-03-02. Retrieved 2025-01-22.
Swanson, Mark N. (2010). The Coptic Papacy in Islamic Egypt (641-1517). American Univ in Cairo Press. ISBN 978-977-416-093-6. Archived from the original on 2024-05-26. Retrieved 2023-03-19.
Rubenson, Samuel (December 31, 1996). "The Transition from Coptic to Arabic". Égypte/Monde arabe (27–28): 77–92. doi:10.4000/ema.1920. Archived from the original on September 2, 2021. Retrieved June 20, 2019 – via journals.openedition.org.
Miyokawa, Hiroko (2016). "Pharaonism and the Revival of the Coptic Language among Early Twentieth-Century Coptic Christians". Bulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan. 58 (2): 184–195. doi:10.5356/jorient.58.2_184. Archived from the original on 2021-07-11. Retrieved 2021-06-30.
"The Coptic Alphabet" (PDF). www.suscopts.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2006-05-13.
"Coptic Lesson 5:The Rule of the JINKIM" (PDF). Coptic Orthodox Diocese of the Southern United States. Archived from the original (PDF) on Jun 21, 2022.