Corporate average fuel economy (English Wikipedia)

Berman, Bradley (November 19, 2007). "Bob Lutz, the Chevy Volt and the Easter Bunny". Bloomberg BusinessWeek. Archived from the original on March 10, 2008. Retrieved March 3, 2008.

c2es.org

An, Feng; Amanda Sauer (December 1, 2004). "Comparison of Passenger Vehicle Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards Around the World". Pew Center on Global Climate Change. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 8, 2012. Retrieved August 30, 2007.

caranddriver.com

BERESFORD, Colin (July 22, 2020). "Other Automakers Paid Tesla a Record $428 Million Last Quarter". Car and Driver.

chicagofed.org

"Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards and the Market for New Vehicles, 2011" (PDF).

cnn.com

"Fuel efficiency vs. reality". CNN. January 11, 2006. Retrieved February 4, 2008.

consumeraffairs.com

"One Third of Consumers Looking at More Fuel-Efficient Cars". Archived from the original on April 10, 2007. Retrieved March 12, 2007.

consumerreports.org

"Fuel Economy is the Best Incentive". Consumer Reports. August 2006. Archived from the original on February 26, 2008. Retrieved March 3, 2008.

data.gov

catalog.data.gov

"Summary of CAFE Fines Collected". National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. July 24, 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 17, 2015. Retrieved October 17, 2015.

detnews.com

Terlep, Sharon (January 4, 2008). "GM says 2010 no sure thing for Volt". The Detroit News. Retrieved March 3, 2008.

doi.org

Board On Energy; Environmental Systems (2002). Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards (2002). The National Academies. doi:10.17226/10172. ISBN 978-0-309-07601-2. Retrieved March 9, 2007.
Sen, Burak; Noori, Mehdi; Tatari, Omer (October 1, 2017). "Will Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standard help? Modeling CAFE's impact on market share of electric vehicles". Energy Policy. 109: 279–287. Bibcode:2017EnPol.109..279S. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.07.008. ISSN 0301-4215.
Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards. Books.nap.edu. July 1, 2001. doi:10.17226/10172. ISBN 978-0-309-07601-2. Retrieved November 9, 2009.
Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards. Books.nap.edu. 2002. doi:10.17226/10172. ISBN 978-0-309-07601-2. Retrieved November 9, 2009.
Bento, Antonio M.; Gillingham, Kenneth; Jacobsen, Mark R.; Knittel, Christopher R.; Leard, Benjamin; Linn, Joshua; McConnell, Virginia; Rapson, David; Sallee, James M.; van Benthem, Arthur A.; Whitefoot, Kate S. (December 6, 2018). "Flawed analyses of U.S. auto fuel economy standards". Science. 362 (6419): 1119–1121. Bibcode:2018Sci...362.1119B. doi:10.1126/science.aav1458. PMID 30523100. S2CID 54456988.
Tucker, Reginald (September 2012). "New CAFE standards impact OEM parts suppliers, PM industry". Metal Powder Report. 67 (5): 3–4. doi:10.1016/s0026-0657(12)70054-1. ISSN 0026-0657.
Cost, effectiveness and deployment of fuel economy technologies for light-duty vehicles. District of Columbia: the National Academy of Sciences. 2015. p. 278. doi:10.17226/21744. ISBN 978-0-309-37388-3. Retrieved December 23, 2018.

dot.gov

nhtsa.dot.gov

"CAFE Overview". NHTSA. Archived from the original on December 5, 2006. Retrieved March 9, 2007.
Kahane, Charles (October 2003). "Vehicle Weight, Fatality Risk and Crash Compatibility of Model Year 1991–99 Passenger Cars and Light Trucks" (PDF). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 20, 2009. Retrieved November 15, 2007.
NHTSA. "Vehicles and Equipment". Archived from the original on July 11, 2007. Retrieved June 6, 2007.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. "Average Fuel Economy Standards For Light Trucks, Model Year 2008–2011, Final Rule (Light Truck Rule)" (PDF). U.S. Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 23, 2006. Retrieved June 6, 2007.
U.S. Congress (June 2006). "49 USC 32905(a), (b), (c), (d)". U.S. Department of Transportation National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Office of the Chief Counsel. Archived from the original on September 23, 2006.
U.S. Congress (June 2006). "49 USC 32904(a)(2)(B)(iii)". U.S. Department of Transportation National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Office of the Chief Counsel. Archived from the original on September 23, 2006.
U.S. Congress (June 2006). "49 USC 32906(a)(1)(A)". U.S. Department of Transportation National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Office of the Chief Counsel. Archived from the original on September 23, 2006.
"CAFE overview". NHTSA. Archived from the original on December 16, 2008.
"Summary of Fuel Economy Performance" (PDF). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. March 30, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 24, 2009. Retrieved October 23, 2009.
"Proposed Rulemaking To Establish Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards" (PDF). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. September 28, 2009. Retrieved October 8, 2009. ^{[dead link‍]}

economist.com

"The dieselgate dilemma – End of the road for clean, affordable diesel cars?". The Economist. The Economist Newspaper Limited. January 12, 2016.

edmunds.com

Edmunds. "Depreciation Ratings". Archived from the original on July 1, 2007. Retrieved June 26, 2007.

blogs.edmunds.com

"CAFE Fines No Deterent [sic] To Some Luxury Brands". Archived from the original on July 7, 2012.

eia.gov

"How much ethanol is in gasoline, and how does it affect fuel economy? – FAQ – U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)". eia.gov. U.S. Energy Information Administration. Retrieved December 22, 2018.

emercedesbenz.com

"Mercedes-Benz USA Notes Record Sales In 2007". Archived from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved October 2, 2010.

energy.gov

afdc.energy.gov

"Gasoline Gallon Equivalent (GGE) Definition". energy.gov. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
"Alternative Fuels Data Center – Fuel Properties Comparison" (PDF). Alternative Fuels Data Center. October 29, 2014.

epa.gov

"Gas Guzzler Tax". epa.gov/fueleconomy/guzzler/. US EPA. Retrieved November 11, 2014.
"Green Vehicle Guide". United States Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved November 24, 2008.
The 2022 Automotive Trends Report (Report). United States Environmental Protection Agency. December 12, 2022. pp. D-4, D-5. Retrieved June 23, 2023.
"The Safer Affordable Fuel-Efficient (SAFE) Vehicles Rule for Model Years 2021–2026 Passenger Cars and Light Trucks". EPA: Regulations for Emissions from Vehicles and Engines. August 24, 2018. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
"New MPG Ratings" (PDF). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 25, 2007. Retrieved June 3, 2007.

nepis.epa.gov

Draft Technical Assessment Report: Midterm Evaluation of Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards for Model Years 2022–2025 (PDF) (Report). EPA. July 2016. p. 3-2. Retrieved February 12, 2017.

federalregister.gov

"Federal Register :: Request Access". April 30, 2020.
Exec. Order No. 13990 (January 20, 2021; in en) President of the United States. Retrieved on March 28, 2022.
87 FR 25710

ft.com

Simon, Bernard (January 8, 2003). "Toyota Prius Sales Pass Ford Explorer in U.S." Financial Times. Archived from the original on March 11, 2008. Retrieved March 3, 2008.

fueleconomy.gov

Fuel Economy Guide, Model Year 2007 (PDF) (Report). United States Environmental Protection Agency. 2006. Retrieved March 5, 2025.
"New MPG Ratings". U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved June 3, 2007.
Fuel Economy Guide, Model Year 2000 (PDF) (Report). United States Environmental Protection Agency. 1999. Retrieved March 5, 2025.
"2010 Fuel Economy Guide".

gao.gov

"Tax Administration Gas Guzzler Tax Compliance Can Be Increased" (PDF). United States General Accounting Office. July 16, 1987. p. 2. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
"Reforming Fuel Economy Standards Could Help Reduce Oil Consumption by Cars and Light Trucks, and Other Options Could Complement These Standards" (PDF).

gpo.gov

EPA and NHTSA (2012). "2017 and Later Model Year Light-Duty Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards – Final Rule" (PDF). Federal Register. Retrieved January 30, 2014.

greencarreports.com

Briggs, John (January 23, 2020). "Toyota Prius was a hybrid trendsetter 15 years ago. Now what?". Green Car Reports, a division of Internet Brands El Segundo, CA.

hagerty.com

Rob Sass (August 1, 2013). "Heavier. Slower. Safer". Hagerty.
"1984 Mercedes-Benz 500SEL: History of the 1979–1992 Mercedes-Benz W126". The Hagerty Group LLC. Retrieved September 9, 2020.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Sen, Burak; Noori, Mehdi; Tatari, Omer (October 1, 2017). "Will Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standard help? Modeling CAFE's impact on market share of electric vehicles". Energy Policy. 109: 279–287. Bibcode:2017EnPol.109..279S. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.07.008. ISSN 0301-4215.
Bento, Antonio M.; Gillingham, Kenneth; Jacobsen, Mark R.; Knittel, Christopher R.; Leard, Benjamin; Linn, Joshua; McConnell, Virginia; Rapson, David; Sallee, James M.; van Benthem, Arthur A.; Whitefoot, Kate S. (December 6, 2018). "Flawed analyses of U.S. auto fuel economy standards". Science. 362 (6419): 1119–1121. Bibcode:2018Sci...362.1119B. doi:10.1126/science.aav1458. PMID 30523100. S2CID 54456988.

hemmings.com

Jeff Koch (April 2008). "Cadillac V-8-6-4 A variable displacement engine that tried to split the difference between power and economy". Hemmings Motor News. Retrieved September 9, 2020.

house.gov

energycommerce.house.gov

Reuther, Alan (May 3, 2006). "Testimony Before The U.S. House Of Representatives Committee On Energy And Commerce" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 1, 2007. Retrieved March 9, 2007.

iihs.org

Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (February 25, 2006). "How vehicle weight, driver deaths, and fuel consumption relate" (PDF). Status Report. 41 (2): 1–8. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 25, 2007. Retrieved June 20, 2007.
"Driver death rates remain high among small cars". Insurance Institute of Highway Safety. May 28, 2020.
Insurance Institute of Highway Safety (April 19, 2007). "Driver Deaths By Make and Model" (PDF). Status Report. 42 (4): 1–8. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 27, 2008.
Insurance Institute of Highway Safety (April 28, 2005). "In Collisions with Cars, SUVs are Incompatible" (PDF). Status Report. 42 (4): 1–8. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 25, 2007.
Insurance Institute of Highway Safety (December 19, 2006). "Minicars First Test Results" (PDF). Status Report. 41 (10): 1–8. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 25, 2007.
Highway Loss Data Institute. "Auto Insurance Loss Facts" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 3, 2007. Retrieved June 26, 2007.
Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. "Vehicle Ratings". Archived from the original on December 31, 2007. Retrieved October 24, 2020.

inautonews.com

Mihalascu, Dan. "VW attacks proposed CAFE standards, goes to White House". inautonews.com. Archived from the original on January 11, 2012. Retrieved November 26, 2012.

instituteforenergyresearch.org

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (November 14, 2008). "Average Fuel Economy Standards, Passenger Cars and Light Trucks, MY 2011–2015. Final rule; record of decision" (PDF). Retrieved September 6, 2014.

lbl.gov

eetd.lbl.gov

Wenzel, Tom; Ross, Marc (2003). "Are SUVs Safer than Cars? An Analysis of Risk by Vehicle Type and Model" (PDF). Transportation Research Board. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 9, 2008. Retrieved March 9, 2008.

memagazine.org

DeGaspari, John (April 4, 2004). "Retooling Cafe". Mechanical Engineering Magazine. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved March 9, 2007.

motortrend.com

wot.motortrend.com

"Taxpayers Paid $51M in Green Car Subsidies Linked to VW Diesels". Motor Trend. September 23, 2015. Archived from the original on September 25, 2015.

nap.edu

books.nap.edu

Board On Energy; Environmental Systems (2002). Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards (2002). The National Academies. doi:10.17226/10172. ISBN 978-0-309-07601-2. Retrieved March 9, 2007.
Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards. Books.nap.edu. July 1, 2001. doi:10.17226/10172. ISBN 978-0-309-07601-2. Retrieved November 9, 2009.
Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards. Books.nap.edu. 2002. doi:10.17226/10172. ISBN 978-0-309-07601-2. Retrieved November 9, 2009.

nap.edu

Cost, effectiveness and deployment of fuel economy technologies for light-duty vehicles. District of Columbia: the National Academy of Sciences. 2015. p. 278. doi:10.17226/21744. ISBN 978-0-309-37388-3. Retrieved December 23, 2018.

nationalreview.com

"Road Regs". National Review. Retrieved June 22, 2007.

nextgearshow.com

Kelly, Matt (January 18, 2008). GM's Chairman Rick Wagoner Meets with Bloggers at NAIAS (Web Video). North American International Auto Show Detroit: NextGear. Archived from the original on March 24, 2008. Retrieved March 4, 2008.

nhtsa.gov

"CAFE Overview: "What is the origin of CAFE?"". NHTSA. Retrieved May 27, 2007.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (December 15, 2014). "Summary of Fuel Economy Performance (Public Version)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2018. Retrieved December 23, 2018.
"CAFE 2011–2016 Final Rule" (PDF). NHTSA. Retrieved August 10, 2011.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (April 22, 2008). "Average Fuel Economy Standards, Passenger Cars and Light Trucks, MY 2011–2015". Archived from the original on May 12, 2008. Retrieved May 26, 2008.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (October 10, 2008). "Final Environmental Impact Statement, Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards, Passenger Cars and Light Trucks, Model Years 2011–2015" (PDF). Retrieved September 6, 2014.
"Fuel Economy". National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. March 27, 2009. Archived from the original on April 5, 2009. Retrieved April 14, 2009.
54.5 miles per gallon is based on a projected fleet average of 163g/mi of tailpipe CO₂ emissions."President Obama Announces Historic 54.5 mpg Fuel Efficiency Standard". nhtsa.gov. Archived from the original on March 5, 2013. Retrieved August 9, 2011.
"2017–2025 CAFE GHG Supplemental rules". NHTSA. Archived from the original on August 30, 2012. Retrieved August 28, 2012.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. "2017–2025 Model Year Light-Duty Vehicle GHG Emissions and CAFE Standards: Supplemental" (PDF).
matthew.lynberg.ctr@dot.gov (November 7, 2016). "Corporate Average Fuel Economy". NHTSA. Retrieved September 4, 2018.
https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.dot.gov/files/documents/2021-2026_nprm_comment_period_extension_09212018.pdf ^{[bare URL PDF]}
"Report to Congress on Effects of the Alternative Motor Fuels Act CAFE Incentives Policy". National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Archived from the original on March 21, 2012. Retrieved February 22, 2011.
"The Corporate Average Fuel Economy Program (CAFE) – Background: AMFA CAFE Credits". National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Archived from the original on December 10, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2011.
Hicks, Maurice (December 2014). "Summary of Fuel Economy Performance (Public Version)" (PDF). NHSTA.gov. NHTSA/CAFE. p. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 18, 2016. Retrieved October 8, 2015.
"Summary of CAFE Fines Collected" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 11, 2010. Retrieved October 2, 2010.

one.nhtsa.gov

"PICReportSite".
"CAFE PIC Fleet". Retrieved June 2, 2023.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Bento, Antonio M.; Gillingham, Kenneth; Jacobsen, Mark R.; Knittel, Christopher R.; Leard, Benjamin; Linn, Joshua; McConnell, Virginia; Rapson, David; Sallee, James M.; van Benthem, Arthur A.; Whitefoot, Kate S. (December 6, 2018). "Flawed analyses of U.S. auto fuel economy standards". Science. 362 (6419): 1119–1121. Bibcode:2018Sci...362.1119B. doi:10.1126/science.aav1458. PMID 30523100. S2CID 54456988.

ny.gov

ag.ny.gov

Natural Resources Defense Council v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (2nd Cir. June 29, 2018), Text.

nytimes.com

Davenport, Coral (August 2, 2018). "Trump Administration Unveils Its Plan to Relax Car Pollution Rules". The New York Times. Retrieved August 3, 2018.

pewfuelefficiency.org

The Mellman Group, Inc. (October 26, 2007). "Voters Believe Passing Increased Fuel Efficiency Standards Is The Most Important Accomplishment This Congress Could Enact" (PDF). The Pew Charitable Trusts. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 10, 2008. Retrieved March 3, 2008.

politico.com

"Obama announces new fuel standards – Mike Allen and Eamon Javers". Politico. May 18, 2009. Retrieved November 9, 2009.

reason.org

Baruch Feigenbaum; Julian Morris. "CAFE Standards in Plain English" (PDF). Reason.

reginfo.gov

Office of Management and Budget (November 2008). "Rin 2127-ak29". Retrieved September 6, 2014.

reuters.com

Rascoe, Ayesha; Seetharaman, Deepa (July 29, 2011). "Obama unveils sharp increase in auto fuel economy". Reuters. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
Shepardson, David (June 2, 2023). "Exclusive: Stellantis, GM pay $363 million in US fuel economy penalties". Reuters. Retrieved June 3, 2023.

rff.org

Paul R. Portney; Ian W.H. Parry; Howard K. Gruenspecht; Winston Harrington (November 2003). "The Economics of Fuel Economy Standards" (PDF). Resources for the Future. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 1, 2007. Retrieved March 12, 2007.

safercar.gov

NHTSA. "Five-Star Crash Test and Rollover Ratings". Retrieved October 24, 2020.

sais-jhu.edu

Greene, David (April 19, 2007). "The President's State of the Union Fuel Economy Plan: How I know it will work" (PDF). Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 10, 2008. Retrieved August 4, 2008.

seattlepi.com

Lowy, Joan (January 8, 2003). "Stations reject TV ads that connect SUVs to terrorism". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Archived from the original on February 1, 2013. Retrieved March 3, 2008.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Bento, Antonio M.; Gillingham, Kenneth; Jacobsen, Mark R.; Knittel, Christopher R.; Leard, Benjamin; Linn, Joshua; McConnell, Virginia; Rapson, David; Sallee, James M.; van Benthem, Arthur A.; Whitefoot, Kate S. (December 6, 2018). "Flawed analyses of U.S. auto fuel economy standards". Science. 362 (6419): 1119–1121. Bibcode:2018Sci...362.1119B. doi:10.1126/science.aav1458. PMID 30523100. S2CID 54456988.

stretching-it.com

James R. Healey (July 2, 1999). Death By the Gallon. Archived from the original on September 18, 2013. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

theatlantic.com

Meyer, Robinson (February 12, 2020). "We Knew They Had Cooked the Books". The Atlantic. ISSN 1072-7825. Retrieved February 16, 2020.

thehill.com

Frazin, Rachel (July 28, 2023). "Biden administration proposes to ratchet up fuel efficiency standards for passenger cars". The Hill. Retrieved July 28, 2023.

theicct.org

Wenzel, Tom; Ross, Marc (September 18, 2006). "Increasing the Fuel Economy and Safety of New Light-Duty Vehicles" (PDF). Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 25, 2007. Retrieved June 20, 2007.

time.com

Walsh, Bryan (November 7, 2008). "CAFE Standards: Fuzzy Math on Fuel Economy". Time. Archived from the original on November 12, 2008. Retrieved November 7, 2008.

transportation.gov

"U.S. DOT and EPA Propose Fuel Economy Standards for MY 2021–2026 Vehicles" (Press release). August 2, 2018. Retrieved February 16, 2019.

trb.org

trid.trb.org

Samantha, Houston; David, Keith (January 2018). "Consequences of Weakening 2022–2025 Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards".

ucsusa.org

"A Brief History of US Fuel Efficiency Standards Where we are—and where are we going?". The Union of Concerned Scientists is a national nonprofit organization founded more than 50 years ago by scientists and students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. July 25, 2006.

uscourts.gov

ca9.uscourts.gov

Center for Biological Diversity v. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit November 15, 2007), Text.

utexas.edu

ce.utexas.edu

Kockelman, Kara (January 2000). "To LDT or Not to LDT: An Assessment of the Principal Impacts of Light-Duty Trucks Light Truck Rule" (PDF). Transportation Research Board.

volkswagengroupamerica.com

"STATEMENT BY TONY CERVONE, EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT, COMMUNICATIONS, VOLKSWAGEN GROUP OF AMERICA REGARDING PROPOSED CAFE STANDARDS". volkswagengroupamerica.com. Archived from the original on October 3, 2011. Retrieved August 10, 2011.

washingtonpost.com

Krauthammer, Charles (January 8, 2015). "Raise the gas tax. A lot". The Washington Post. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
Brown, Warren (April 13, 2007). "Greenhouse Real Wheels". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 22, 2007.
Brown, Warren (August 29, 2004). "The Station Wagon Stealthily Returns". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 22, 2007.

web.archive.org

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (December 15, 2014). "Summary of Fuel Economy Performance (Public Version)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 9, 2018. Retrieved December 23, 2018.
"CAFE Overview". NHTSA. Archived from the original on December 5, 2006. Retrieved March 9, 2007.
Kahane, Charles (October 2003). "Vehicle Weight, Fatality Risk and Crash Compatibility of Model Year 1991–99 Passenger Cars and Light Trucks" (PDF). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 20, 2009. Retrieved November 15, 2007.
Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (February 25, 2006). "How vehicle weight, driver deaths, and fuel consumption relate" (PDF). Status Report. 41 (2): 1–8. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 25, 2007. Retrieved June 20, 2007.
An, Feng; Amanda Sauer (December 1, 2004). "Comparison of Passenger Vehicle Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards Around the World". Pew Center on Global Climate Change. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 8, 2012. Retrieved August 30, 2007.
Wenzel, Tom; Ross, Marc (2003). "Are SUVs Safer than Cars? An Analysis of Risk by Vehicle Type and Model" (PDF). Transportation Research Board. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 9, 2008. Retrieved March 9, 2008.
Paul R. Portney; Ian W.H. Parry; Howard K. Gruenspecht; Winston Harrington (November 2003). "The Economics of Fuel Economy Standards" (PDF). Resources for the Future. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 1, 2007. Retrieved March 12, 2007.
"CAFE (Fuel Efficiency) Standards for Passenger Cars and Light Trucks". Archived from the original on January 29, 2007. Retrieved March 9, 2007.
NHTSA. "Vehicles and Equipment". Archived from the original on July 11, 2007. Retrieved June 6, 2007.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. "Average Fuel Economy Standards For Light Trucks, Model Year 2008–2011, Final Rule (Light Truck Rule)" (PDF). U.S. Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 23, 2006. Retrieved June 6, 2007.
Reuther, Alan (May 3, 2006). "Testimony Before The U.S. House Of Representatives Committee On Energy And Commerce" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 1, 2007. Retrieved March 9, 2007.
U.S. Congress (June 2006). "49 USC 32905(a), (b), (c), (d)". U.S. Department of Transportation National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Office of the Chief Counsel. Archived from the original on September 23, 2006.
U.S. Congress (June 2006). "49 USC 32904(a)(2)(B)(iii)". U.S. Department of Transportation National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Office of the Chief Counsel. Archived from the original on September 23, 2006.
U.S. Congress (June 2006). "49 USC 32906(a)(1)(A)". U.S. Department of Transportation National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Office of the Chief Counsel. Archived from the original on September 23, 2006.
"Summary of CAFE Fines Collected". National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. July 24, 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 17, 2015. Retrieved October 17, 2015.
"Compliance Question: Will automakers build bigger trucks to get around new CAFE regulations?". AutoWeek. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved April 7, 2006.
"CAFE overview". NHTSA. Archived from the original on December 16, 2008.
"Summary of Fuel Economy Performance" (PDF). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. March 30, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 24, 2009. Retrieved October 23, 2009.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (April 22, 2008). "Average Fuel Economy Standards, Passenger Cars and Light Trucks, MY 2011–2015". Archived from the original on May 12, 2008. Retrieved May 26, 2008.
"Fuel Economy". National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. March 27, 2009. Archived from the original on April 5, 2009. Retrieved April 14, 2009.
54.5 miles per gallon is based on a projected fleet average of 163g/mi of tailpipe CO₂ emissions."President Obama Announces Historic 54.5 mpg Fuel Efficiency Standard". nhtsa.gov. Archived from the original on March 5, 2013. Retrieved August 9, 2011.
"2017–2025 CAFE GHG Supplemental rules". NHTSA. Archived from the original on August 30, 2012. Retrieved August 28, 2012.
"STATEMENT BY TONY CERVONE, EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT, COMMUNICATIONS, VOLKSWAGEN GROUP OF AMERICA REGARDING PROPOSED CAFE STANDARDS". volkswagengroupamerica.com. Archived from the original on October 3, 2011. Retrieved August 10, 2011.
Mihalascu, Dan. "VW attacks proposed CAFE standards, goes to White House". inautonews.com. Archived from the original on January 11, 2012. Retrieved November 26, 2012.
Insurance Institute of Highway Safety (April 19, 2007). "Driver Deaths By Make and Model" (PDF). Status Report. 42 (4): 1–8. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 27, 2008.
Insurance Institute of Highway Safety (April 28, 2005). "In Collisions with Cars, SUVs are Incompatible" (PDF). Status Report. 42 (4): 1–8. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 25, 2007.
Insurance Institute of Highway Safety (December 19, 2006). "Minicars First Test Results" (PDF). Status Report. 41 (10): 1–8. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 25, 2007.
Wenzel, Tom; Ross, Marc (September 18, 2006). "Increasing the Fuel Economy and Safety of New Light-Duty Vehicles" (PDF). Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 25, 2007. Retrieved June 20, 2007.
"One Third of Consumers Looking at More Fuel-Efficient Cars". Archived from the original on April 10, 2007. Retrieved March 12, 2007.
Berman, Bradley (November 19, 2007). "Bob Lutz, the Chevy Volt and the Easter Bunny". Bloomberg BusinessWeek. Archived from the original on March 10, 2008. Retrieved March 3, 2008.
James R. Healey (July 2, 1999). Death By the Gallon. Archived from the original on September 18, 2013. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
Kelly, Matt (January 18, 2008). GM's Chairman Rick Wagoner Meets with Bloggers at NAIAS (Web Video). North American International Auto Show Detroit: NextGear. Archived from the original on March 24, 2008. Retrieved March 4, 2008.
"Report to Congress on Effects of the Alternative Motor Fuels Act CAFE Incentives Policy". National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Archived from the original on March 21, 2012. Retrieved February 22, 2011.
"The Corporate Average Fuel Economy Program (CAFE) – Background: AMFA CAFE Credits". National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Archived from the original on December 10, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2011.
Hicks, Maurice (December 2014). "Summary of Fuel Economy Performance (Public Version)" (PDF). NHSTA.gov. NHTSA/CAFE. p. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 18, 2016. Retrieved October 8, 2015.
"Taxpayers Paid $51M in Green Car Subsidies Linked to VW Diesels". Motor Trend. September 23, 2015. Archived from the original on September 25, 2015.
Highway Loss Data Institute. "Auto Insurance Loss Facts" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 3, 2007. Retrieved June 26, 2007.
DeGaspari, John (April 4, 2004). "Retooling Cafe". Mechanical Engineering Magazine. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved March 9, 2007.
Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. "Vehicle Ratings". Archived from the original on December 31, 2007. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
"Fuel Economy is the Best Incentive". Consumer Reports. August 2006. Archived from the original on February 26, 2008. Retrieved March 3, 2008.
The Mellman Group, Inc. (October 26, 2007). "Voters Believe Passing Increased Fuel Efficiency Standards Is The Most Important Accomplishment This Congress Could Enact" (PDF). The Pew Charitable Trusts. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 10, 2008. Retrieved March 3, 2008.
Simon, Bernard (January 8, 2003). "Toyota Prius Sales Pass Ford Explorer in U.S." Financial Times. Archived from the original on March 11, 2008. Retrieved March 3, 2008.
Edmunds. "Depreciation Ratings". Archived from the original on July 1, 2007. Retrieved June 26, 2007.
Greene, David (April 19, 2007). "The President's State of the Union Fuel Economy Plan: How I know it will work" (PDF). Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 10, 2008. Retrieved August 4, 2008.
Walsh, Bryan (November 7, 2008). "CAFE Standards: Fuzzy Math on Fuel Economy". Time. Archived from the original on November 12, 2008. Retrieved November 7, 2008.
"New MPG Ratings" (PDF). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 25, 2007. Retrieved June 3, 2007.
"Summary of CAFE Fines Collected" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 11, 2010. Retrieved October 2, 2010.
"Mercedes-Benz USA Notes Record Sales In 2007". Archived from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved October 2, 2010.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Sen, Burak; Noori, Mehdi; Tatari, Omer (October 1, 2017). "Will Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standard help? Modeling CAFE's impact on market share of electric vehicles". Energy Policy. 109: 279–287. Bibcode:2017EnPol.109..279S. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.07.008. ISSN 0301-4215.
Meyer, Robinson (February 12, 2020). "We Knew They Had Cooked the Books". The Atlantic. ISSN 1072-7825. Retrieved February 16, 2020.
Tucker, Reginald (September 2012). "New CAFE standards impact OEM parts suppliers, PM industry". Metal Powder Report. 67 (5): 3–4. doi:10.1016/s0026-0657(12)70054-1. ISSN 0026-0657.