Cotton (English Wikipedia)

A number of large dictionaries were written in Arabic during medieval times. Searchable copies of nearly all of the main medieval Arabic dictionaries are online at Baheth.info Archived 15 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine and/or AlWaraq.net. One of the most esteemed of the dictionaries is Ismail ibn Hammad al-Jawhari's "Al-Sihah" which is dated around and shortly after year 1000. The biggest is Ibn Manzur's "Lisan Al-Arab" which is dated 1290 but most of its contents were taken from a variety of earlier sources, including 9th- and 10th-century sources. Often Ibn Manzur names his source then quotes from it. Therefore, if the reader recognizes the name of Ibn Manzur's source, a date considerably earlier than 1290 can often be assigned to what is said. A list giving the year of death of a number of individuals who Ibn Manzur quotes from is in Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon, volume 1, page xxx (year 1863). Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon contains much of the main contents of the medieval Arabic dictionaries in English translation. At AlWaraq.net, in addition to searchable copies of medieval Arabic dictionaries, there are searchable copies of a large number of medieval Arabic texts on various subjects.

apidologie.org

Rose, Robyn; Dively, Galen P.; Pettis, Jeff (July 2007). "Effects of Bt corn pollen on honey bees: emphasis on protocol development". Apidologie. 38 (4): 368–377. doi:10.1051/apido:2007022. S2CID 18256663.

archive.org

A number of large dictionaries were written in Arabic during medieval times. Searchable copies of nearly all of the main medieval Arabic dictionaries are online at Baheth.info Archived 15 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine and/or AlWaraq.net. One of the most esteemed of the dictionaries is Ismail ibn Hammad al-Jawhari's "Al-Sihah" which is dated around and shortly after year 1000. The biggest is Ibn Manzur's "Lisan Al-Arab" which is dated 1290 but most of its contents were taken from a variety of earlier sources, including 9th- and 10th-century sources. Often Ibn Manzur names his source then quotes from it. Therefore, if the reader recognizes the name of Ibn Manzur's source, a date considerably earlier than 1290 can often be assigned to what is said. A list giving the year of death of a number of individuals who Ibn Manzur quotes from is in Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon, volume 1, page xxx (year 1863). Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon contains much of the main contents of the medieval Arabic dictionaries in English translation. At AlWaraq.net, in addition to searchable copies of medieval Arabic dictionaries, there are searchable copies of a large number of medieval Arabic texts on various subjects.
Maxwell, Robyn J. (2003). Textiles of Southeast Asia: tradition, trade and transformation (revised ed.). Tuttle Publishing. p. 410. ISBN 978-0-7946-0104-1.
Rupert B. Vance, Human factors in cotton culture; a study in the social geography of the American South (U of North Carolina Press, 1929) online free
Potter, Maurice David (1954). Fiber to Fabric (2nd ed.). New York; Toronto: McGraw-Hill.^{[page needed]}
Crum, Walter (1863). On the cotton fibre and on the manner in which it unites with colouring matter. Getty Research Institute. Glasgow : Bell & Bain. p. 11.

baheth.info

A number of large dictionaries were written in Arabic during medieval times. Searchable copies of nearly all of the main medieval Arabic dictionaries are online at Baheth.info Archived 15 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine and/or AlWaraq.net. One of the most esteemed of the dictionaries is Ismail ibn Hammad al-Jawhari's "Al-Sihah" which is dated around and shortly after year 1000. The biggest is Ibn Manzur's "Lisan Al-Arab" which is dated 1290 but most of its contents were taken from a variety of earlier sources, including 9th- and 10th-century sources. Often Ibn Manzur names his source then quotes from it. Therefore, if the reader recognizes the name of Ibn Manzur's source, a date considerably earlier than 1290 can often be assigned to what is said. A list giving the year of death of a number of individuals who Ibn Manzur quotes from is in Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon, volume 1, page xxx (year 1863). Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon contains much of the main contents of the medieval Arabic dictionaries in English translation. At AlWaraq.net, in addition to searchable copies of medieval Arabic dictionaries, there are searchable copies of a large number of medieval Arabic texts on various subjects.

bbc.co.uk

China's 'tainted' cotton, BBC Newshour, Dec. 15, 2020: "A little further along the same road and workers are still in the fields, twisting and plucking the bolls of white fibre. It is hot, grueling, backbreaking work." See also Ana Nicolaci da Costa (13 November 2019). "Xinjiang cotton sparks concern over 'forced labour' claims". BBC., "UK business 'must wake up' to China's Uighur cotton slaves". BBC. 16 December 2020.

bbc.com

China's 'tainted' cotton, BBC Newshour, Dec. 15, 2020: "A little further along the same road and workers are still in the fields, twisting and plucking the bolls of white fibre. It is hot, grueling, backbreaking work." See also Ana Nicolaci da Costa (13 November 2019). "Xinjiang cotton sparks concern over 'forced labour' claims". BBC., "UK business 'must wake up' to China's Uighur cotton slaves". BBC. 16 December 2020.

books.google.com

Mithen, Steven (2006), After the Ice: A Global Human History, 20,000-5000 BC, Harvard University Press, pp. 411–412, ISBN 978-0-674-01999-7 Quote: "One of the funerary chambers, dating to around 5500 BC, had contained an adult male lying on his side with legs flexed backward and a young child, approximately one or two years old, at his feet. Next to the adult's left wrist were eight copper beads which had once formed a bracelet. As such metal beads were only found in one other Neolithic burial at Mehrgarh, he must have been an extraordinarily wealthy and important person. Microscopic analysis showed that each bead had been made by beating and heating copper ore into a thin sheet which had then been rolled around a narrow rod. Substantial corrosion prevented a detailed technological study of the beads; yet this turned out to be a blessing as the corrosion had led to the preservation of something quite remarkable inside one of the beads – a piece of cotton. ... After further microscopic study, the fibres were unquestionably identified as cotton; it was, in fact, a bundle of both unripe and ripe fibres that had been wound together to make a thread, these being differentiated by the thickness of their cell walls. As such, this copper bead contained the earliest known use of cotton in the world by at least a thousand years. The next earliest was also found at Mehrgarh: a collection of cotton seeds discovered amidst charred wheat and barley grains outside one of its mud-brick rooms."
Ahmed, Mukhtar (2014). Ancient Pakistan - an Archaeological History: Volume III: Harappan Civilization - the Material Culture. Amazon. p. 249. ISBN 978-1-4959-6643-9.
Jonathan D. Sauer, Historical Geography of Crop Plants: A Select Roster, Routledge (2017), p. 115
New World Cotton, p. 117, at Google Books in Manickam, S.; Prakash, A. H. (2016). "Genetic Improvement of Cotton". Gene Pool Diversity and Crop Improvement. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity. Vol. 10. pp. 105–161. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27096-8_4. ISBN 978-3-319-27094-4.
G. Mokhtar (1 January 1981). Ancient civilizations of Africa. Unesco. International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of Africa. p. 310. ISBN 978-0-435-94805-4. Retrieved 19 June 2012 – via Books.google.com.
Lakwete, Angela (2003). Inventing the Cotton Gin: Machine and Myth in Antebellum America. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 1–6. ISBN 978-0-8018-7394-2. Archived from the original on 29 May 2016.
John F. Richards (1995), The Mughal Empire, page 190 Archived 20 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Cambridge University Press
Karl J. Schmidt (2015), An Atlas and Survey of South Asian History, page 100 Archived 20 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Routledge
Richard Maxwell Eaton (1996), The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204-1760, page 202 Archived 27 June 2014 at the Wayback Machine, University of California Press
Irfan Habib (2011), Economic History of Medieval India, 1200-1500, page 53, Pearson Education
Irfan Habib (2011), Economic History of Medieval India, 1200-1500, pages 53–54, Pearson Education
Irfan Habib (2011), Economic History of Medieval India, 1200-1500, page 54, Pearson Education
Jean Batou (1991). Between Development and Underdevelopment: The Precocious Attempts at Industrialization of the Periphery, 1800-1870. Librairie Droz. p. 181. ISBN 978-2-600-04293-2.
Jean Batou (1991). Between Development and Underdevelopment: The Precocious Attempts at Industrialization of the Periphery, 1800-1870. Librairie Droz. pp. 193–196. ISBN 978-2-600-04293-2.
Junie T. Tong (2016), Finance and Society in 21st Century China: Chinese Culture Versus Western Markets, page 151, CRC Press
John L. Esposito (2004), The Islamic World: Past and Present 3-Volume Set, page 190 Archived 20 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Oxford University Press
James Cypher (2014). The Process of Economic Development. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-16828-4.
Bairoch, Paul (1995). Economics and World History: Myths and Paradoxes. University of Chicago Press. p. 89. ISBN 978-0-226-03463-8.
Yule, Henry; Burnell, A. C. (2013). Hobson-Jobson: The Definitive Glossary of British India. Oxford University Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-1-317-25293-1.
Siebert, JB (1996). "26". Cotton production manual. ANR Publications. p. 366. ISBN 978-1-879906-09-9.
Cotton Fiber Composition, p. 83, at Google Books in Wang, Hua; Siddiqui, Muhammad Qasim; Memon, Hafeezullah (2020). "Physical Structure, Properties and Quality of Cotton". Cotton Science and Processing Technology. Textile Science and Clothing Technology. pp. 79–97. doi:10.1007/978-981-15-9169-3_5. ISBN 978-981-15-9168-6. S2CID 229189581.
Manufacturers, National Association of Wool (1893). Bulletin. National Association of Wool Manufacturers. p. 325.

cepr.org

Broadberry, Stephen N.; Gupta, Bishnupriya (August 2005). "Cotton Textiles and the Great Divergence: Lancashire, India and Shifting Competitive Advantage, 1600-1850". Centre for Economic Policy Research. CEPR Press Discussion Paper No. 5183. SSRN 790866.

cicr.org.in

Singh, Phundan. "Cotton Varieties and Hybrids" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.

cnrtl.fr

More details at CNRTL.fr Etymologie in French language. Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales (CNRTL) is a division of the French National Centre for Scientific Research.

cornell.edu

news.cornell.edu

Lang, Susan (25 July 2006). "Seven-year glitch: Cornell warns that Chinese GM cotton farmers are losing money due to 'secondary' pests". Cornell University. Archived from the original on 12 October 2012.

cottonconnect.org

"World Water Week". CottonConnect. 7 July 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2020.

cottonguide.org

"5.2-Market segments-Extra long staple cotton" Archived 21 January 2015 at the Wayback Machine. cottonguide.org.

cottonspinning.com

"Planting Cotton Seeds" Archived 27 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine. cottonspinning.com.

cta.int

agritrade.cta.int

"Executive Brief Update 2013: Cotton sector" Archived 24 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine. cta.int.

dictionary.com

"The definition of cotton". Dictionary.com. Retrieved 21 March 2019.

doi.org

Liu, Xia; Zhao, Bo; Zheng, Hua-Jun; Hu, Yan; Lu, Gang; Yang, Chang-Qing; Chen, Jie-Dan; Chen, Jun-Jian; Chen, Dian-Yang; Zhang, Liang; Zhou, Yan; Wang, Ling-Jian; Guo, Wang-Zhen; Bai, Yu-Lin; Ruan, Ju-Xin (30 September 2015). "Gossypium barbadense genome sequence provides insight into the evolution of extra-long staple fiber and specialized metabolites". Scientific Reports. 5 (1): 14139. Bibcode:2015NatSR...514139L. doi:10.1038/srep14139. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4588572. PMID 26420475.
Moulherat, C.; Tengberg, M.; Haquet, J. R. M. F.; Mille, B. ̂T. (2002). "First Evidence of Cotton at Neolithic Mehrgarh, Pakistan: Analysis of Mineralized Fibres from a Copper Bead". Journal of Archaeological Science. 29 (12): 1393–1401. Bibcode:2002JArSc..29.1393M. doi:10.1006/jasc.2001.0779. Quote: "The metallurgical analysis of a copper bead from a Neolithic burial (6th millennium bc) at Mehrgarh, Pakistan, allowed the recovery of several threads, preserved by mineralization. They were characterized according to new procedure, combining the use of a reflected-light microscope and a scanning electron microscope, and identified as cotton (Gossypium sp.). The Mehrgarh fibres constitute the earliest known example of cotton in the Old World and put the date of the first use of this textile plant back by more than a millennium. Even though it is not possible to ascertain that the fibres came from an already domesticated species, the evidence suggests an early origin, possibly in the Kachi Plain, of one of the Old World cottons.
Jia, Yinhua; Pan, Zhaoe; He, Shoupu; Gong, Wenfang; Geng, Xiaoli; Pang, Baoyin; Wang, Liru; Du, Xiongming (December 2018). "Genetic diversity and population structure of Gossypium arboreum L. collected in China". Journal of Cotton Research. 1 (1): 11. Bibcode:2018JCotR...1...11J. doi:10.1186/s42397-018-0011-0. Gossypium arboreum is a diploid species cultivated in the Old World. It was first domesticated near the Indus Valley before 6000 BC (Moulherat et al. 2002).
New World Cotton, p. 117, at Google Books in Manickam, S.; Prakash, A. H. (2016). "Genetic Improvement of Cotton". Gene Pool Diversity and Crop Improvement. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity. Vol. 10. pp. 105–161. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27096-8_4. ISBN 978-3-319-27094-4.
Liu, Li; Levin, Maureece J.; Klimscha, Florian; Rosenberg, Danny (8 December 2022). "The earliest cotton fibers and Pan-regional contacts in the Near East". Frontiers in Plant Science. 13. Bibcode:2022FrPS...1345554L. doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.1045554. ISSN 1664-462X. PMC 9772618. PMID 36570915.
Yvanez, Elsa; Wozniak, Magdalena M. (30 June 2019). "Cotton in ancient Sudan and Nubia: Archaeological sources and historical implications". Revue d'ethnoécologie (15). doi:10.4000/ethnoecologie.4429. S2CID 198635772.
Yvanez, Elsa (2018). "Clothing the Elite? Patterns of Textile Production and Consumption in Ancient Sudan and Nubia". Fasciculi Archaeologiae Historicae. 31: 81–92. doi:10.23858/FAH31.2018.006.
Bowen, H. V. (2013). "British Exports of Raw Cotton from India to China during the Late Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries". In Riello, Giorgio; Roy, Tirthankar (eds.). How India Clothed the World. Brill. pp. 115–137. doi:10.1163/9789047429975_006. ISBN 978-90-474-2997-5. JSTOR 10.1163/j.ctv2gjwskd.12. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 January 2024.
Hughs, S. E.; Valco, T. D.; Williford, J. R. (2008). "100 Years of Cotton Production, Harvesting, and Ginning Systems Engineering: 1907-2007". Transactions of the ASABE. 51 (4): 1187–1198. doi:10.13031/2013.25234.
Chapagain, A. K.; Hoekstra, A. Y.; Savenije, H. H. G.; Gautam, R. (2006). "The water footprint of cotton consumption: An assessment of the impact of worldwide consumption of cotton products on the water resources in the cotton producing countries" (PDF). Ecological Economics. 60 (1): 186–203. Bibcode:2006EcoEc..60..186C. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.11.027. S2CID 154788067. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
Waltham, Tony; Sholji, Ihsan (November 2001). "The demise of the Aral Sea - an environmental disaster". Geology Today. 17 (6): 218–228. Bibcode:2001GeolT..17..218W. doi:10.1046/j.0266-6979.2001.00319.x. S2CID 129962159.
Günaydin, Gizem Karakan; Avinc, Ozan; Palamutcu, Sema; Yavas, Arzu; Soydan, Ali Serkan (2019). "Naturally Colored Organic Cotton and Naturally Colored Cotton Fiber Production". Organic Cotton. Textile Science and Clothing Technology. pp. 81–99. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-8782-0_4. ISBN 978-981-10-8781-3. S2CID 134541586.
Mendelsohn, Mike; Kough, John; Vaituzis, Zigfridais; Matthews, Keith (1 January 2003). "Are Bt crops safe?". Nature Biotechnology. 21 (9): 1003–9. doi:10.1038/nbt0903-1003. PMID 12949561. S2CID 16392889.
Hellmich, Richard L.; Siegfried, Blair D.; Sears, Mark K.; Stanley-Horn, Diane E.; Daniels, Michael J.; Mattila, Heather R.; Spencer, Terrence; Bidne, Keith G.; Lewis, Leslie C. (9 October 2001). "Monarch larvae sensitivity to Bacillus thuringiensis- purified proteins and pollen". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 98 (21): 11925–11930. Bibcode:2001PNAS...9811925H. doi:10.1073/pnas.211297698. PMC 59744. PMID 11559841.
Rose, Robyn; Dively, Galen P.; Pettis, Jeff (July 2007). "Effects of Bt corn pollen on honey bees: emphasis on protocol development". Apidologie. 38 (4): 368–377. doi:10.1051/apido:2007022. S2CID 18256663.
Wang, Z.; Lin, H.; Huang, J.; Hu, R.; Rozelle, S.; Pray, C. (2009). "Bt Cotton in China: Are Secondary Insect Infestations Offsetting the Benefits in Farmer Fields?". Agricultural Sciences in China. 8: 83–90. doi:10.1016/S1671-2927(09)60012-2.
Lu y, W. K.; Wu, K.; Jiang, Y.; Guo, Y.; Desneux, N. (July 2012). "Widespread adoption of Bt cotton and insecticide decrease promotes biocontrol services". Nature. 487 (7407): 362–365. Bibcode:2012Natur.487..362L. doi:10.1038/nature11153. PMID 22722864. S2CID 4415298.
Kathage, J.; Qaim, M. (2012). "Economic impacts and impact dynamics of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) cotton in India". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (29): 11652–6. Bibcode:2012PNAS..10911652K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1203647109. PMC 3406847. PMID 22753493.
Al-Khayri, Jameel M.; Jain, S. Mohan; Johnson, Dennis Victor (2019). Industrial and Food Crops. Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies. Vol. 6. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland AG. ISBN 978-3-030-23265-8. OCLC 1124613891.^: 32 Gutierrez, Andrew Paul; Ponti, Luigi; Herren, Hans R; Baumgärtner, Johann; Kenmore, Peter E (2015). "Deconstructing Indian cotton: weather, yields, and suicides". Environmental Sciences Europe. 27 (1). Springer Science and Business Media. doi:10.1186/s12302-015-0043-8. ISSN 2190-4707. S2CID 3935402.
Novaković, Milada; Popović, Dušan M.; Mladenović, Nenad; Poparić, Goran B.; Stanković, Snežana B. (September 2020). "Development of comfortable and eco-friendly cellulose based textiles with improved sustainability". Journal of Cleaner Production. 267: 122154. Bibcode:2020JCPro.26722154N. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122154. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 219477637.
Perrin, Liese M. (2001). "Resisting Reproduction: Reconsidering Slave Contraception in the Old South". Journal of American Studies. 35 (2): 255–274. doi:10.1017/S0021875801006612. JSTOR 27556967. S2CID 145799076.
Cotton Fiber Composition, p. 83, at Google Books in Wang, Hua; Siddiqui, Muhammad Qasim; Memon, Hafeezullah (2020). "Physical Structure, Properties and Quality of Cotton". Cotton Science and Processing Technology. Textile Science and Clothing Technology. pp. 79–97. doi:10.1007/978-981-15-9169-3_5. ISBN 978-981-15-9168-6. S2CID 229189581.
Chen, Z. Jeffrey; Scheffler, Brian E.; Dennis, Elizabeth; Triplett, Barbara A.; Zhang, Tianzhen; Guo, Wangzhen; Chen, Xiaoya; Stelly, David M.; Rabinowicz, Pablo D.; Town, Christopher D.; Arioli, Tony; Brubaker, Curt; Cantrell, Roy G.; Lacape, Jean-Marc; Ulloa, Mauricio; Chee, Peng; Gingle, Alan R.; Haigler, Candace H.; Percy, Richard; Saha, Sukumar; Wilkins, Thea; Wright, Robert J.; Van Deynze, Allen; Zhu, Yuxian; Yu, Shuxun; Abdurakhmonov, Ibrokhim; Katageri, Ishwarappa; Kumar, P. Ananda; Zafar, Yusuf; Yu, John Z.; Kohel, Russell J.; Wendel, Jonathan F.; Paterson, Andrew H.; Paterson, AH (December 2007). "Toward Sequencing Cotton (Gossypium) Genomes". Plant Physiology. 145 (4): 1303–1310. doi:10.1104/pp.107.107672. PMC 2151711. PMID 18056866.
Li, Fuguang; Fan, Guangyi; Wang, Kunbo; Sun, Fengming; Yuan, Youlu; Song, Guoli; Li, Qin; Ma, Zhiying; Lu, Cairui; Zou, Changsong; Chen, Wenbin; Liang, Xinming; Shang, Haihong; Liu, Weiqing; Shi, Chengcheng; Xiao, Guanghui; Gou, Caiyun; Ye, Wuwei; Xu, Xun; Zhang, Xueyan; Wei, Hengling; Li, Zhifang; Zhang, Guiyin; Wang, Junyi; Liu, Kun; Kohel, Russell J; Percy, Richard G; Yu, John Z; Zhu, Yu-Xian; Wang, Jun; Yu, Shuxun (June 2014). "Genome sequence of the cultivated cotton Gossypium arboreum". Nature Genetics. 46 (6): 567–572. doi:10.1038/ng.2987. PMID 24836287. S2CID 13477556.

doublejersey.be

"Why choose cotton bedding?". Double Jersey. 10 March 2021. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021.

fao.org

"Seed cotton, unginned production in 2022, Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity/Year (pick lists)". UN Food and Agriculture Organization, Corporate Statistical Database (FAOSTAT). 2024. Retrieved 31 May 2024.

fofweb.com

Volti, Rudi (1999). "cotton". The Facts on File Encyclopedia of Science, Technology, and Society.

ghostarchive.org

Singh, Phundan. "Cotton Varieties and Hybrids" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.
"Federal Register: Texas A&M AgriLife Research; Determination of Nonregulated Status of Cotton Genetically Engineered for Ultra-low Gossypol Levels in the Cottonseed" (PDF). National Archives and Records Administration. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2018.
Winkler, Martín; Cereijo, Antonela; Muchut, Robertino; Dileo, Pablo; Scarpin, Gonzalo; Lorenzini, Fernando; Roeschlin, Roxana; Paytas, Marcelo. "Día mundial de algodón: seminario de innovaciones tecnológicas y organizativas" (PDF) (in Spanish). SENASA Argentina. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022.

gmo-compass.org

Genetically modified plants: Global Cultivation Area Cotton Archived 29 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine GMO Compass, 29 March 2010. Retrieved 7 August 2010.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Liu, Xia; Zhao, Bo; Zheng, Hua-Jun; Hu, Yan; Lu, Gang; Yang, Chang-Qing; Chen, Jie-Dan; Chen, Jun-Jian; Chen, Dian-Yang; Zhang, Liang; Zhou, Yan; Wang, Ling-Jian; Guo, Wang-Zhen; Bai, Yu-Lin; Ruan, Ju-Xin (30 September 2015). "Gossypium barbadense genome sequence provides insight into the evolution of extra-long staple fiber and specialized metabolites". Scientific Reports. 5 (1): 14139. Bibcode:2015NatSR...514139L. doi:10.1038/srep14139. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4588572. PMID 26420475.
Moulherat, C.; Tengberg, M.; Haquet, J. R. M. F.; Mille, B. ̂T. (2002). "First Evidence of Cotton at Neolithic Mehrgarh, Pakistan: Analysis of Mineralized Fibres from a Copper Bead". Journal of Archaeological Science. 29 (12): 1393–1401. Bibcode:2002JArSc..29.1393M. doi:10.1006/jasc.2001.0779. Quote: "The metallurgical analysis of a copper bead from a Neolithic burial (6th millennium bc) at Mehrgarh, Pakistan, allowed the recovery of several threads, preserved by mineralization. They were characterized according to new procedure, combining the use of a reflected-light microscope and a scanning electron microscope, and identified as cotton (Gossypium sp.). The Mehrgarh fibres constitute the earliest known example of cotton in the Old World and put the date of the first use of this textile plant back by more than a millennium. Even though it is not possible to ascertain that the fibres came from an already domesticated species, the evidence suggests an early origin, possibly in the Kachi Plain, of one of the Old World cottons.
Jia, Yinhua; Pan, Zhaoe; He, Shoupu; Gong, Wenfang; Geng, Xiaoli; Pang, Baoyin; Wang, Liru; Du, Xiongming (December 2018). "Genetic diversity and population structure of Gossypium arboreum L. collected in China". Journal of Cotton Research. 1 (1): 11. Bibcode:2018JCotR...1...11J. doi:10.1186/s42397-018-0011-0. Gossypium arboreum is a diploid species cultivated in the Old World. It was first domesticated near the Indus Valley before 6000 BC (Moulherat et al. 2002).
Liu, Li; Levin, Maureece J.; Klimscha, Florian; Rosenberg, Danny (8 December 2022). "The earliest cotton fibers and Pan-regional contacts in the Near East". Frontiers in Plant Science. 13. Bibcode:2022FrPS...1345554L. doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.1045554. ISSN 1664-462X. PMC 9772618. PMID 36570915.
Chapagain, A. K.; Hoekstra, A. Y.; Savenije, H. H. G.; Gautam, R. (2006). "The water footprint of cotton consumption: An assessment of the impact of worldwide consumption of cotton products on the water resources in the cotton producing countries" (PDF). Ecological Economics. 60 (1): 186–203. Bibcode:2006EcoEc..60..186C. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.11.027. S2CID 154788067. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
Waltham, Tony; Sholji, Ihsan (November 2001). "The demise of the Aral Sea - an environmental disaster". Geology Today. 17 (6): 218–228. Bibcode:2001GeolT..17..218W. doi:10.1046/j.0266-6979.2001.00319.x. S2CID 129962159.
Hellmich, Richard L.; Siegfried, Blair D.; Sears, Mark K.; Stanley-Horn, Diane E.; Daniels, Michael J.; Mattila, Heather R.; Spencer, Terrence; Bidne, Keith G.; Lewis, Leslie C. (9 October 2001). "Monarch larvae sensitivity to Bacillus thuringiensis- purified proteins and pollen". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 98 (21): 11925–11930. Bibcode:2001PNAS...9811925H. doi:10.1073/pnas.211297698. PMC 59744. PMID 11559841.
Lu y, W. K.; Wu, K.; Jiang, Y.; Guo, Y.; Desneux, N. (July 2012). "Widespread adoption of Bt cotton and insecticide decrease promotes biocontrol services". Nature. 487 (7407): 362–365. Bibcode:2012Natur.487..362L. doi:10.1038/nature11153. PMID 22722864. S2CID 4415298.
Kathage, J.; Qaim, M. (2012). "Economic impacts and impact dynamics of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) cotton in India". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (29): 11652–6. Bibcode:2012PNAS..10911652K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1203647109. PMC 3406847. PMID 22753493.
Novaković, Milada; Popović, Dušan M.; Mladenović, Nenad; Poparić, Goran B.; Stanković, Snežana B. (September 2020). "Development of comfortable and eco-friendly cellulose based textiles with improved sustainability". Journal of Cleaner Production. 267: 122154. Bibcode:2020JCPro.26722154N. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122154. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 219477637.

iisd.org

Voora, V.; Larrea, C.; Bermudez, S. (2020). "Global Market Report: Cotton". State of Sustainability Initiatives. Archived from the original on 27 January 2021.

indiabudget.nic.in

"Three largest producing states of important crops" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 April 2008. Retrieved 6 April 2008.

indianexpress.com

"Ginners expected to produce 8-10 lakh bales of 'branded' Kasturi cotton this season". The Indian Express. 7 October 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2021.

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