Dacian language (English Wikipedia)

Poultney 1968, p. 338. Poultney, James W. (1968). "Introduzione alia storia delle Iingue indeuropee by Vladimir I. Georgiev, 1966. Reviewed by James W. Poultney". Language. 44: 334–342. doi:10.2307/411629. JSTOR 411629.
Hehn 1976, p. 428. Hehn, Victor (1976) [First published 1885]. Cultivated plants and domesticated animals in their migration from Asia to Europe: historico-linguistic studies. Amsterdam Classics in Linguistics, 1800–1925. Vol. 7. John Benjamins. doi:10.1075/acil.7. ISBN 978-90-272-0871-2.; originally Culturpflanzen und Haustiere in ihrem Übergang aus Asien nach Griechenland und Italien sowie das übrige Europa: Historisch-linguistische Skizzen. Berlin: Gebr. Borntraeger, 1885
Hyllested & Joseph 2022, p. 235. Hyllested, Adam; Joseph, Brian D. (2022). "Albanian". In Olander, Thomas (ed.). The Indo-European Language Family : A Phylogenetic Perspective. Cambridge University Press. pp. 223–245. doi:10.1017/9781108758666. ISBN 9781108758666. S2CID 161016819.

jstor.org

Vermeer, Willem (2008). "The prehistory of the Albanian vowel system: A preliminary exploration". Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics. 32: 591–608. ISSN 0169-0124. JSTOR 40997529. p. 606:
"As is well known, the rise of Tosk as a recognizable dialec-tal unit involves two innovations that have parallels in early Romanian: Romanian centralized its *a in nasal contexts and part of the dialects underwent the development of intervocalic -n- to -r-. Romanian also famously borrowed vatër 'hearth' with patently Tosk va- and proceeded to spread it to wherever Vlachs expanded subsequently. The shared Tosk-Romanian innovations obviously constitute the final stage of the crucial and well-publicized period of Albanian-Romanian convergence. Since these inno-vations are found either not at all or only marginally in the Slavic loans into Romanian and Albanian, it follows that the rise of Tosk preceded both the expansion of Romanian and the influx of Slavic Ioans."
Poultney 1968, p. 338. Poultney, James W. (1968). "Introduzione alia storia delle Iingue indeuropee by Vladimir I. Georgiev, 1966. Reviewed by James W. Poultney". Language. 44: 334–342. doi:10.2307/411629. JSTOR 411629.

kroraina.com

The Language of the Thracians, Ivan Duridanov, 2.9 Thracian and Illyrian
Mayer 1999. Mayer, H.E. (1999). "Dr. Harvey E. Mayer, February 1999".

ku-eichstaett.de

oracle-vm.ku-eichstaett.de

Epigraphik-Datenbank Clauss / Slaby EDCS. "Search: 'AE+1905%2C+00014'". Epigraphik-Datenbank Clauss / Slaby EDCS. Archived from the original on 29 April 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2012.

lituanus.org

Mayer 1996. Mayer, H.E. (1996). "South Baltic". Lituanus. 42 (2). Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
Mayer 1992. Mayer, H.E. (1992). "Dacian and Thracian as southern Baltoidic". Lituanus. 38 (2). ISSN 0024-5089. Archived from the original on 16 December 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
Mayer 1997. Mayer, H.E. (1997). "Balts and Carpathians". Lituanus. 43 (2). Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2017.

livius.org

See one possible reconstruction: (livius: Image) "Image". Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.

mashable.com

Connellan, Shannon (25 December 2024). "'Nosferatu' review: Is Robert Eggers' remake a blessing or a curse?". Mashable. Retrieved 5 January 2025.

multitree.org

"Dacian". Archived from the original on 30 December 2014. Retrieved 29 January 2024.

on.lt

de Rosales 2015. de Rosales, Jurate, ed. (2015). Europos šaknys [European Roots] (in Lithuanian). Versmė. ISBN 978-609814816-9.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Hyllested & Joseph 2022, p. 235. Hyllested, Adam; Joseph, Brian D. (2022). "Albanian". In Olander, Thomas (ed.). The Indo-European Language Family : A Phylogenetic Perspective. Cambridge University Press. pp. 223–245. doi:10.1017/9781108758666. ISBN 9781108758666. S2CID 161016819.

thepopverse.com

"Robert Eggers' Nosferatu resurrected a real, dead language for Bill Skarsgård's undead Count Orlok to speak". Popverse. 3 January 2025. Retrieved 5 January 2025.

uchicago.edu

penelope.uchicago.edu

Strabo Geography. "Strabo Geography, Book VII, Chapter 3". Retrieved 29 January 2011.

usatoday.com

Truitt, Brian. "'Nosferatu' star Bill Skarsgård embraced opera to get his vampire voice right". USA TODAY. Retrieved 5 January 2025.

web.archive.org

See one possible reconstruction: (livius: Image) "Image". Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.
Mayer 1996. Mayer, H.E. (1996). "South Baltic". Lituanus. 42 (2). Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
Mayer 1992. Mayer, H.E. (1992). "Dacian and Thracian as southern Baltoidic". Lituanus. 38 (2). ISSN 0024-5089. Archived from the original on 16 December 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
Mayer 1997. Mayer, H.E. (1997). "Balts and Carpathians". Lituanus. 43 (2). Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
Gimbutas 1963, pp. 30–31 (fig. 2). Gimbutas, Marija (1963). "Linguistic and Historic Background". the Balts. London: Thames & Hudson. Archived from the original on 4 February 2012.
Congrese Dacologie: Dacia Revival. "Congrese Dacologie: Dacia Revival". Archived from the original on 15 July 2012. Retrieved 24 July 2012.
Epigraphik-Datenbank Clauss / Slaby EDCS. "Search: 'AE+1905%2C+00014'". Epigraphik-Datenbank Clauss / Slaby EDCS. Archived from the original on 29 April 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2012.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Rădulescu 1984, p. 85: "Russu's conviction about the existence of a 'Thraco-Dacian Language', shared by Crossland and by Vraciu (1980) and the reservations expressed by Polomé and Katicic (see above) are thus fully justified" Rădulescu, Mircea-Mihai (1984). "Illyrian, Thracian, Daco-Mysian, the substratum of Romanian and Albanian". Journal of Indo-European Studies. ISSN 0092-2323.
Rădulescu 1984, p. 85: "Georgiev had the merit to state that Daco-Moesian possesses a certain degree of dialectal individuality, but the data presented here clearly label as wrong any theory which claims a more profound separation between Daco-Moesian and Thracian proper, even if Daco-Moesian proves to be more closely related to Illyrian than to Thracian or, as it seems more likely to be the case, if we will eventually have to conclude that we deal with three different dialects of the same language" Rădulescu, Mircea-Mihai (1984). "Illyrian, Thracian, Daco-Mysian, the substratum of Romanian and Albanian". Journal of Indo-European Studies. ISSN 0092-2323.
Rădulescu 1987, p. 243: "Russu defended two important theses: 1) the close relationship between Daco-Moesian and Thracian (the title of his book is The language of the Thraco- Dacians), and 2) the nonexistence of a "consonantal shift" in Thracian, contrasting it with Daco-Mysian, firmly supporting the position that, in both dialects, the IE *MA and M merged into M and the *T remained unmodified" Rădulescu, Mircea-Mihai (1987). "The Indo-European position of Illyrian, Daco-Mysian and Thracian: A historica-methodological approach". Journal of Indo-European Studies. ISSN 0092-2323.
Vermeer, Willem (2008). "The prehistory of the Albanian vowel system: A preliminary exploration". Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics. 32: 591–608. ISSN 0169-0124. JSTOR 40997529. p. 606:
"As is well known, the rise of Tosk as a recognizable dialec-tal unit involves two innovations that have parallels in early Romanian: Romanian centralized its *a in nasal contexts and part of the dialects underwent the development of intervocalic -n- to -r-. Romanian also famously borrowed vatër 'hearth' with patently Tosk va- and proceeded to spread it to wherever Vlachs expanded subsequently. The shared Tosk-Romanian innovations obviously constitute the final stage of the crucial and well-publicized period of Albanian-Romanian convergence. Since these inno-vations are found either not at all or only marginally in the Slavic loans into Romanian and Albanian, it follows that the rise of Tosk preceded both the expansion of Romanian and the influx of Slavic Ioans."
Rădulescu 1987. Rădulescu, Mircea-Mihai (1987). "The Indo-European position of Illyrian, Daco-Mysian and Thracian: A historica-methodological approach". Journal of Indo-European Studies. ISSN 0092-2323.
Rădulescu 1987, p. 243. Rădulescu, Mircea-Mihai (1987). "The Indo-European position of Illyrian, Daco-Mysian and Thracian: A historica-methodological approach". Journal of Indo-European Studies. ISSN 0092-2323.
Rădulescu 1984, p. 78. Rădulescu, Mircea-Mihai (1984). "Illyrian, Thracian, Daco-Mysian, the substratum of Romanian and Albanian". Journal of Indo-European Studies. ISSN 0092-2323.
Tacheva 1997, p. 200. Tacheva, Margarita (1997). "The Thracian Bessi domo et militiae". Živa Antika – Antiquité Vivante. Skopje: Živa antika. ISSN 0514-7727.
Rădulescu 1984, p. 85. Rădulescu, Mircea-Mihai (1984). "Illyrian, Thracian, Daco-Mysian, the substratum of Romanian and Albanian". Journal of Indo-European Studies. ISSN 0092-2323.
Hamp, Eric P (2002). "On Serbo-Croatian's Historic Laterals". In Friedman, Victor A.; Dyer, Donald L. (eds.). Of all the Slavs my favorites. Indiana Slavic studies. Vol. 12. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University. pp. 243–250. OCLC 186020548.
Mayer 1992. Mayer, H.E. (1992). "Dacian and Thracian as southern Baltoidic". Lituanus. 38 (2). ISSN 0024-5089. Archived from the original on 16 December 2017. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
Anale de Istorie 1976. "The Beginnings of the History of the Romanian People". Anale de Istorie (4). 1976. ISSN 1010-5506.^{[page needed]}
Toma 2007, p. 65. Toma, Corina (2007). "Repertoriu orientativ al descoperirilor dacice de pe teritoriul Ungariei" [A Catalogue of the Dacian Period Discoveries Found in the Territory of Hungary]. Crisia (in Romanian and English). Muzeul Ţării Crişurilor: 65–77. ISSN 1016-2798.
Rădulescu 1987, p. 249. Rădulescu, Mircea-Mihai (1987). "The Indo-European position of Illyrian, Daco-Mysian and Thracian: A historica-methodological approach". Journal of Indo-European Studies. ISSN 0092-2323.

yogi.lt

Dėl žynio Žalmokšio vardo kilmės. "Dėl žynio Žalmokšio vardo kilmės". Vydos Vartai Yogi.lt (in Lithuanian). 3 April 2012.