Data Protection Act 1998 (English Wikipedia)

"Art. 4 GDPR – Definitions". General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Retrieved 27 October 2025.
"Art. 4 GDPR – Definitions". General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Retrieved 28 November 2025.

globalcompliancenews.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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"IHTM09392 – Third Party Information and the Data Protection Act 1998: main provisions of the Data Protection Act 1998 – HMRC internal manual – GOV.UK". www.gov.uk. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
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hse.gov.uk (Global: low place; English: 6,559^th place)

"Data protection – Court Stage – Enforcement Guide (England & Wales)". www.hse.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 14 June 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.

ico.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"What are PECR?". ico.org.uk. 10 December 2024. Archived from the original on 1 September 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
"Our history". ico.org.uk. 3 September 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
"What is the 'legitimate interests' basis?". ico.org.uk. 9 September 2025. Archived from the original on 16 September 2025. Retrieved 27 October 2025.
"What are PECR?". ico.org.uk. 10 December 2024. Archived from the original on 1 September 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
"Conditions for Processing – Guide to Data Protection – ICO". Information Commissioner's Office. Retrieved 8 February 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
"UK GDPR guidance and resources". ico.org.uk. 9 October 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.

itpro.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"What is the Information Commissioner's Office (ICO)?". IT Pro. 5 September 2019. Retrieved 28 November 2025.

lawscot.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Data Protection Act 1998 – what you need to know". Law Society of Scotland. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
"Data Protection Act 1998 – what you need to know". Law Society of Scotland. Retrieved 27 November 2025.

lawteacher.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Data Protection Act 1998". LawTeacher.net. 30 November 2018. Retrieved 28 November 2025.

le.ac.uk (Global: 5,679^th place; English: 3,495^th place)

"First Principle – Schedule 2 | Legal and Information Assurance Services". University of Leicester. Retrieved 28 November 2025.

legislation.gov.uk (Global: 728^th place; English: 375^th place)

"Data Protection Act 1998, Basic interpretative provisions". Office of Public Sector Information. Archived from the original on 1 March 2014. Retrieved 14 March 2014.
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 24 May 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Expert Participation. Archived from the original on 8 September 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
Data Protection Act 1998, Part IV (Exceptions – Crime and taxation), Section 29 Archived 1 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine
Data Protection Act 1998, Part IV (Exemptions – Disclosures required by law or made in connection with legal proceedings etc.), Section 35 Archived 23 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Expert Participation. Archived from the original on 26 June 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Expert Participation. Archived from the original on 28 March 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Expert Participation. Archived from the original on 9 December 2024. Retrieved 28 November 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Expert Participation. Archived from the original on 8 July 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Expert Participation. Archived from the original on 28 June 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

mondaq.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Jersey: Data Protection In Jersey And Other Offshore Jurisdictions Archived 27 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine 23 July 2008 Article by Wendy Benjamin, mondaq.com,

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Al-Shahi, R.; Warlow, C. (28 October 2000). "Using patient-identifiable data for observational research and audit". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 321 (7268): 1031–1032. doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7268.1031. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 1118832. PMID 11053151.
Iversen, Amy; Liddell, Kathleen; Fear, Nicola; Hotopf, Matthew; Wessely, Simon (21 January 2006). "Consent, confidentiality, and the Data Protection Act". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 332 (7534): 165–169. doi:10.1136/bmj.332.7534.165. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 1336771. PMID 16424496.
Redsell, S. A.; Cheater, F. M. (August 2001). "The Data Protection Act (1998): implications for health researchers". Journal of Advanced Nursing. 35 (4): 508–513. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01867.x. ISSN 0309-2402. PMID 11529949.
Iversen, Amy; Liddell, Kathleen; Fear, Nicola; Hotopf, Matthew; Wessely, Simon (19 January 2006). "Consent, confidentiality, and the Data Protection Act". BMJ. 332 (7534): 165–169. doi:10.1136/bmj.332.7534.165. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 1336771. PMID 16424496.
Webb, Jill B. (September 2002). "The Data Protection Act 1998: an audit of its effect on surgical trainees' practice". Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 84 (5): 348–351. doi:10.1308/003588402760452501. ISSN 0035-8843. PMC 2504178. PMID 12398131.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Al-Shahi, R.; Warlow, C. (28 October 2000). "Using patient-identifiable data for observational research and audit". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 321 (7268): 1031–1032. doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7268.1031. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 1118832. PMID 11053151.
Iversen, Amy; Liddell, Kathleen; Fear, Nicola; Hotopf, Matthew; Wessely, Simon (21 January 2006). "Consent, confidentiality, and the Data Protection Act". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 332 (7534): 165–169. doi:10.1136/bmj.332.7534.165. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 1336771. PMID 16424496.
Iversen, Amy; Liddell, Kathleen; Fear, Nicola; Hotopf, Matthew; Wessely, Simon (19 January 2006). "Consent, confidentiality, and the Data Protection Act". BMJ. 332 (7534): 165–169. doi:10.1136/bmj.332.7534.165. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 1336771. PMID 16424496.
Webb, Jill B. (September 2002). "The Data Protection Act 1998: an audit of its effect on surgical trainees' practice". Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 84 (5): 348–351. doi:10.1308/003588402760452501. ISSN 0035-8843. PMC 2504178. PMID 12398131.

obep.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"OBEP: Olivia Whitcroft | Article: Subject access requests – recent developments". www.obep.uk. Retrieved 28 November 2025.

opsi.gov.uk (Global: 5,869^th place; English: 3,839^th place)

Data Protection Act 1998, Part IV (Exemptions), Section 36 Archived 24 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Office of Public Sector Information, accessed 6 September 2007
OPSI.gov.uk Archived 16 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine Data Protection Act 1998 Schedule 2
Data Protection Act 1998, Part III (Notification by Data Controllers), Section 21 Archived 7 December 2009 at the Wayback Machine, Office of Public Sector Information)
Data Protection Act 1998, Part VI (Miscellaneous and General), Section 55 Archived 24 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Office of Public Sector Information, accessed 14 September 2007
Data Protection Act 1998, Part VI (Miscellaneous and General), Section 56 Archived 24 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Office of Public Sector Information, accessed 14 September 2007

oup.com (Global: 292^nd place; English: 233^rd place)

academic.oup.com

Mourby, Miranda; Gowans, Heather; Aidinlis, Stergios; Smith, Hannah; Kaye, Jane (15 July 2019). "Governance of academic research data under the GDPR—lessons from the UK". International Data Privacy Law. 9 (3): 192–206. doi:10.1093/idpl/ipz010. ISSN 2044-3994. Archived from the original on 3 August 2025.

out-law.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"What is personal data? Information Commissioner updates guidance". Pinsent Masons. 30 August 2007. Archived from the original on 20 October 2011. Retrieved 20 August 2012. In the case involving Michael Durant he sought information held on him by the Financial Services Authority. The Court of Appeal ruled that just because a document contained his name it was not necessarily defined as personal data. This changed the perception of how wide a definition of personal data could be.

parliament.uk (Global: 313^th place; English: 181^st place)

publications.parliament.uk

"House of Lords: Data Protection and Digital Information Bill". publications.parliament.uk. Retrieved 28 November 2025.

privacyengine.io (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Information Commissioner's Office – What exactly does it mean?". PrivacyEngine Data Protection Software and Solutions. Retrieved 28 November 2025.

privacyhelper.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Data Protection Act 2018 – The 7 Principles You Need to Know". 13 May 2024. Retrieved 28 November 2025.

privacyinternational.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"National Security Certificates: Broad exemptions from the data protection regime will have consequences for our data protection rights and for adequacy | Privacy International". privacyinternational.org. Retrieved 28 November 2025.

qcs.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Maxwell, F., Six Principles of GDPR, Quality Compliance Systems Ltd., published 3 February 2020, accessed 3 January 2024

shoosmiths.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Facebook Fine From The ICO". www.shoosmiths.com. Retrieved 27 November 2025.

taylorwessing.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Court of Appeal decision on disclosure of mixed data". www.taylorwessing.com. 9 August 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2025.

uchicago.edu (Global: 226^th place; English: 199^th place)

chicagounbound.uchicago.edu

Bignami, Francesca (1 June 2007). "Privacy and Law Enforcement in the European Union: The Data Retention Directive". Chicago Journal of International Law. 8 (1). ISSN 1529-0816.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Data Protection Act 1998, Part IV (Exemptions), Section 36 Archived 24 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Office of Public Sector Information, accessed 6 September 2007
www.dataprotection.ie https://web.archive.org/web/20250404190459/https://www.dataprotection.ie/sites/default/files/uploads/2019-11/Guidance%20on%20the%20Principles%20of%20Data%20Protection_Oct19.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 April 2025. Retrieved 26 October 2025. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
"What are PECR?". ico.org.uk. 10 December 2024. Archived from the original on 1 September 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
"2023 Guide To Data Protection In Jersey | GDPR Jersey | Appleby". Appleby. 1 February 2022. Archived from the original on 8 July 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
Jersey: Data Protection In Jersey And Other Offshore Jurisdictions Archived 27 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine 23 July 2008 Article by Wendy Benjamin, mondaq.com,
"Data Protection Act 1998, Basic interpretative provisions". Office of Public Sector Information. Archived from the original on 1 March 2014. Retrieved 14 March 2014.
"What is personal data? Information Commissioner updates guidance". Pinsent Masons. 30 August 2007. Archived from the original on 20 October 2011. Retrieved 20 August 2012. In the case involving Michael Durant he sought information held on him by the Financial Services Authority. The Court of Appeal ruled that just because a document contained his name it was not necessarily defined as personal data. This changed the perception of how wide a definition of personal data could be.
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 24 May 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
OPSI.gov.uk Archived 16 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine Data Protection Act 1998 Schedule 2
"What is the 'legitimate interests' basis?". ico.org.uk. 9 September 2025. Archived from the original on 16 September 2025. Retrieved 27 October 2025.
Mourby, Miranda; Gowans, Heather; Aidinlis, Stergios; Smith, Hannah; Kaye, Jane (15 July 2019). "Governance of academic research data under the GDPR—lessons from the UK". International Data Privacy Law. 9 (3): 192–206. doi:10.1093/idpl/ipz010. ISSN 2044-3994. Archived from the original on 3 August 2025.
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
"What are PECR?". ico.org.uk. 10 December 2024. Archived from the original on 1 September 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Expert Participation. Archived from the original on 8 September 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
"Data protection – Court Stage – Enforcement Guide (England & Wales)". www.hse.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 14 June 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.
Data Protection Act 1998, Part IV (Exceptions – Crime and taxation), Section 29 Archived 1 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine
Data Protection Act 1998, Part IV (Exemptions – Disclosures required by law or made in connection with legal proceedings etc.), Section 35 Archived 23 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine
Data Protection Act 1998, Part III (Notification by Data Controllers), Section 21 Archived 7 December 2009 at the Wayback Machine, Office of Public Sector Information)
Data Protection Act 1998, Part VI (Miscellaneous and General), Section 55 Archived 24 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Office of Public Sector Information, accessed 14 September 2007
Data Protection Act 1998, Part VI (Miscellaneous and General), Section 56 Archived 24 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Office of Public Sector Information, accessed 14 September 2007
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Expert Participation. Archived from the original on 26 June 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Expert Participation. Archived from the original on 28 March 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Expert Participation. Archived from the original on 9 December 2024. Retrieved 28 November 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Expert Participation. Archived from the original on 8 July 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
"Data Protection Act 1998". www.legislation.gov.uk. Expert Participation. Archived from the original on 28 June 2025. Retrieved 28 November 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Bignami, Francesca (1 June 2007). "Privacy and Law Enforcement in the European Union: The Data Retention Directive". Chicago Journal of International Law. 8 (1). ISSN 1529-0816.
Al-Shahi, R.; Warlow, C. (28 October 2000). "Using patient-identifiable data for observational research and audit". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 321 (7268): 1031–1032. doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7268.1031. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 1118832. PMID 11053151.
Mourby, Miranda; Gowans, Heather; Aidinlis, Stergios; Smith, Hannah; Kaye, Jane (15 July 2019). "Governance of academic research data under the GDPR—lessons from the UK". International Data Privacy Law. 9 (3): 192–206. doi:10.1093/idpl/ipz010. ISSN 2044-3994. Archived from the original on 3 August 2025.
Iversen, Amy; Liddell, Kathleen; Fear, Nicola; Hotopf, Matthew; Wessely, Simon (21 January 2006). "Consent, confidentiality, and the Data Protection Act". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 332 (7534): 165–169. doi:10.1136/bmj.332.7534.165. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 1336771. PMID 16424496.
Redsell, S. A.; Cheater, F. M. (August 2001). "The Data Protection Act (1998): implications for health researchers". Journal of Advanced Nursing. 35 (4): 508–513. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01867.x. ISSN 0309-2402. PMID 11529949.
Iversen, Amy; Liddell, Kathleen; Fear, Nicola; Hotopf, Matthew; Wessely, Simon (19 January 2006). "Consent, confidentiality, and the Data Protection Act". BMJ. 332 (7534): 165–169. doi:10.1136/bmj.332.7534.165. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 1336771. PMID 16424496.
Webb, Jill B. (September 2002). "The Data Protection Act 1998: an audit of its effect on surgical trainees' practice". Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 84 (5): 348–351. doi:10.1308/003588402760452501. ISSN 0035-8843. PMC 2504178. PMID 12398131.

Data Protection Act 1998 (English Wikipedia)

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