Definition of planet (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Definition of planet" in English language version.

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"On the Heavens by Aristotle, Translated by J. L. Stocks, volume II". University of Adelaide Library. 2004. Archived from the original on August 23, 2008. Retrieved February 24, 2007.

airspacemag.com

"Pluto's Planethood: What Now?". Air and Space. 2006. Archived from the original on January 1, 2013. Retrieved August 21, 2007.

anl.gov

bio.aps.anl.gov

"The Status of Pluto:A clarification". International Astronomical Union, Press release. 1999. Archived from the original on September 23, 2006. Retrieved May 25, 2006. Copy kept Archived October 5, 2008, at the Wayback Machine at the Argonne National Laboratory.

archive.org

Alexander von Humboldt (1849). Cosmos: A Sketch of a Physical Description of the Universe. H.G. Bohn. p. 297. ISBN 978-0-8018-5503-0. Retrieved July 23, 2007. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help); |work= ignored (help)
Smith, Asa (1868). Smith's Illustrated Astronomy. Nichols & Hall. p. 23. secondary planet Herschel.

archive.today

"IAU General Assembly: Definition of Planet debate". 2006. Archived from the original on July 13, 2012. Retrieved September 24, 2006.
"Pluto's Planethood: What Now?". Air and Space. 2006. Archived from the original on January 1, 2013. Retrieved August 21, 2007.

arxiv.org

Steven Soter (August 16, 2006). "What is a Planet?". The Astronomical Journal. 132 (6): 2513–2519. arXiv:astro-ph/0608359. Bibcode:2006AJ....132.2513S. doi:10.1086/508861. S2CID 14676169.
Jean-Luc Margot (2015). "A Quantitative Criterion For Defining Planets". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (6): 185. arXiv:1507.06300. Bibcode:2015AJ....150..185M. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/6/185. S2CID 51684830.
Burrows, Adam; Hubbard, William B.; Lunine, Jonathan I.; Leibert, James (2001). "The Theory of Brown Dwarfs and Extrasolar Giant Planets". Reviews of Modern Physics. 73 (3): 719–765. arXiv:astro-ph/0103383. Bibcode:2001RvMP...73..719B. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.73.719. S2CID 204927572.
David S. Spiegel; Adam Burrows; John A. Milsom (2010). "The Deuterium-Burning Mass Limit for Brown Dwarfs and Giant Planets". The Astrophysical Journal. 727 (1): 57. arXiv:1008.5150. Bibcode:2011ApJ...727...57S. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/727/1/57. S2CID 118513110.
Schneider, J.; Dedieu, C.; Le Sidaner, P.; Savalle, R.; Zolotukhin, I. (2011). "Defining and cataloging exoplanets: The exoplanet.eu database". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 532 (79): A79. arXiv:1106.0586. Bibcode:2011A&A...532A..79S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116713. S2CID 55994657.
Schneider, Jean (April 4, 2016). "III.8 Exoplanets versus brown dwarfs: The CoRoT view and the future". Exoplanets versus brown dwarfs: the CoRoT view and the future. p. 157. arXiv:1604.00917. doi:10.1051/978-2-7598-1876-1.c038. ISBN 978-2-7598-1876-1. S2CID 118434022.
Hatzes Heike Rauer, Artie P. (2015). "A Definition for Giant Planets Based on the Mass-Density Relationship". The Astrophysical Journal. 810 (2): L25. arXiv:1506.05097. Bibcode:2015ApJ...810L..25H. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/810/2/L25. S2CID 119111221.
Wright, J. T.; et al. (2010). "The Exoplanet Orbit Database". arXiv:1012.5676v1 [astro-ph.SR].
Basri, Gibor; Brown, Michael E. (2006). "Planetesimals To Brown Dwarfs: What is a Planet?". Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 34: 193–216. arXiv:astro-ph/0608417. Bibcode:2006AREPS..34..193B. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.34.031405.125058. S2CID 119338327.
Schlaufman, Kevin C. (January 18, 2018). "Evidence of an Upper Bound on the Masses of Planets and its Implications for Giant Planet Formation". The Astrophysical Journal. 853 (1): 37. arXiv:1801.06185. Bibcode:2018ApJ...853...37S. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa961c. S2CID 55995400.
Chen, Jingjing; Kipping, David (2016). "Probabilistic Forecasting of the Masses and Radii of Other Worlds". The Astrophysical Journal. 834 (1): 17. arXiv:1603.08614. Bibcode:2017ApJ...834...17C. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/17. S2CID 119114880.
P. Delorme; J. Gagn´e; L. Malo; C. Reyl´e; E. Artigau; L. Albert; T. Forveille; X. Delfosse; F. Allard; D. Homeier (2012). "CFBDSIR2149-0403: a 4–7 Jupiter-mass free-floating planet in the young moving group AB Doradus?". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 548: A26. arXiv:1210.0305. Bibcode:2012A&A...548A..26D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219984. S2CID 50935950.
Liu, Michael C.; Magnier, Eugene A.; Deacon, Niall R.; Allers, Katelyn N.; Dupuy, Trent J.; Kotson, Michael C.; Aller, Kimberly M.; Burgett, W. S.; Chambers, K. C.; Draper, P. W.; Hodapp, K. W.; Jedicke, R.; Kudritzki, R.-P.; Metcalfe, N.; Morgan, J. S.; Kaiser, N.; Price, P. A.; Tonry, J. L.; Wainscoat, R. J. (October 1, 2013). "The Extremely Red, Young L Dwarf PSO J318-22: A Free-Floating Planetary-Mass Analog to Directly Imaged Young Gas-Giant Planets". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 777 (2): L20. arXiv:1310.0457. Bibcode:2013ApJ...777L..20L. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/777/2/L20. S2CID 54007072.
Soter, Steven (August 16, 2006). "What is a Planet?". The Astronomical Journal. 132 (6): 2513–2519. arXiv:astro-ph/0608359. Bibcode:2006AJ....132.2513S. doi:10.1086/508861. S2CID 14676169. submitted to The Astronomical Journal, August 16, 2006

asterism.org

Witzgall, Bonnie B. (1999). "Saving Planet Pluto". Amateur Astronomer article. Archived from the original on October 16, 2006. Retrieved May 25, 2006.

astronomy2006.com

"Planet Definition". IAU. 2006. Archived from the original on August 26, 2006. Retrieved August 14, 2006.
"General Sessions & Public Talks". International Astronomical Union. 2006. Archived from the original on December 8, 2008. Retrieved November 28, 2008.

bartleby.com

Nicolaus Copernicus. "Dedication of the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies to Pope Paul III". The Harvard Classics. 1909–14. Retrieved February 23, 2007.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Paul Rincon (August 25, 2006). "Pluto vote 'hijacked' in revolt". BBC News. Retrieved February 28, 2007.

caltech.edu

gps.caltech.edu

Brown, Mike (2006). "The discovery of 2003 UB313, the 10th planet". California Institute of Technology. Retrieved May 25, 2006.
M. E. Brown; C. A. Trujillo; D. L. Rabinowitz (2005). "DISCOVERY OF A PLANETARY-SIZED OBJECT IN THE SCATTERED KUIPER BELT" (PDF). The American Astronomical Society. Retrieved August 15, 2006.
Michael E. Brown (2006). "The Eight Planets". Caltech. Retrieved February 21, 2007.
Mike Brown. "The Dwarf Planets". Retrieved August 4, 2007.
Brown, Michael E. "2003EL61". California Institute of Technology. Retrieved May 25, 2006.

exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu

"Exoplanet Criteria for Inclusion in the Exoplanet Archive". exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved March 29, 2023.

cas.cz

astro.cas.cz

"IAU General Assembly Newspaper" (PDF). August 24, 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 26, 2006. Retrieved March 31, 2025.

ciclops.org

Thomas, P. C. (July 2010). "Sizes, shapes, and derived properties of the saturnian satellites after the Cassini nominal mission" (PDF). Icarus. 208 (1): 395–401. Bibcode:2010Icar..208..395T. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.01.025. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 23, 2018. Retrieved September 4, 2015.

ciw.edu

dtm.ciw.edu

"Working Group on Extrasolar Planets (WGESP) of the International Astronomical Union". IAU. 2001. Archived from the original on September 16, 2006. Retrieved May 25, 2006.

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

"Rogue planet find makes astronomers ponder theory". Reuters. October 6, 2000. Retrieved May 25, 2006.

discovery.com

news.discovery.com

"Should Large Moons Be Called 'Satellite Planets'?". News.discovery.com. May 14, 2010. Archived from the original on May 5, 2012. Retrieved November 4, 2011.

doi.org

P. Heather (1943). "The Seven Planets". Folklore. 54 (3): 338–361. doi:10.1080/0015587x.1943.9717687.
Cassini, G. D. (1686–1692). "An Extract of the Journal Des Scavans. Of April 22 st. N. 1686. Giving an Account of Two New Satellites of Saturn, Discovered Lately by Mr. Cassini at the Royal Observatory at Paris". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 16 (179–191): 79–85. Bibcode:1686RSPT...16...79C. doi:10.1098/rstl.1686.0013. JSTOR 101844.
Weissman, Paul R. (1995). "The Kuiper Belt". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 33: 327–357. Bibcode:1995ARA&A..33..327W. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.33.090195.001551.
Steven Soter (August 16, 2006). "What is a Planet?". The Astronomical Journal. 132 (6): 2513–2519. arXiv:astro-ph/0608359. Bibcode:2006AJ....132.2513S. doi:10.1086/508861. S2CID 14676169.
Jean-Luc Margot (2015). "A Quantitative Criterion For Defining Planets". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (6): 185. arXiv:1507.06300. Bibcode:2015AJ....150..185M. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/6/185. S2CID 51684830.
Thomas, P. C. (July 2010). "Sizes, shapes, and derived properties of the saturnian satellites after the Cassini nominal mission" (PDF). Icarus. 208 (1): 395–401. Bibcode:2010Icar..208..395T. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.01.025. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 23, 2018. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
Bursa, M. (October 1, 1984). "Secular Love Numbers and Hydrostatic Equilibrium of Planets". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 31 (2): 135–140. Bibcode:1984EM&P...31..135B. doi:10.1007/BF00055525. ISSN 0167-9295. S2CID 119815730.
G. Wuchterl (2004). "Giant planet formation". Institut für Astronomie der Universität Wien. 67 (1–3): 51–65. Bibcode:1994EM&P...67...51W. doi:10.1007/BF00613290. S2CID 119772190.
Basri, Gibor (2000). "Observations of Brown Dwarfs". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 38: 485–519. Bibcode:2000ARA&A..38..485B. doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.38.1.485.
Burrows, Adam; Hubbard, William B.; Lunine, Jonathan I.; Leibert, James (2001). "The Theory of Brown Dwarfs and Extrasolar Giant Planets". Reviews of Modern Physics. 73 (3): 719–765. arXiv:astro-ph/0103383. Bibcode:2001RvMP...73..719B. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.73.719. S2CID 204927572.
Zapatero M. R. Osorio; V. J. S. Béjar; E. L. Martín; R. Rebolo; D. Barrado y Navascués; C. A. L. Bailer-Jones; R. Mundt (2000). "Discovery of Young, Isolated Planetary Mass Objects in the Sigma Orionis Star Cluster". Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology. 290 (5489): 103–107. Bibcode:2000Sci...290..103Z. doi:10.1126/science.290.5489.103. PMID 11021788.
Lissauer, J. J. (1987). "Timescales for Planetary Accretion and the Structure of the Protoplanetary disk". Icarus. 69 (2): 249–265. Bibcode:1987Icar...69..249L. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(87)90104-7. hdl:2060/19870013947.
David S. Spiegel; Adam Burrows; John A. Milsom (2010). "The Deuterium-Burning Mass Limit for Brown Dwarfs and Giant Planets". The Astrophysical Journal. 727 (1): 57. arXiv:1008.5150. Bibcode:2011ApJ...727...57S. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/727/1/57. S2CID 118513110.
Schneider, J.; Dedieu, C.; Le Sidaner, P.; Savalle, R.; Zolotukhin, I. (2011). "Defining and cataloging exoplanets: The exoplanet.eu database". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 532 (79): A79. arXiv:1106.0586. Bibcode:2011A&A...532A..79S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116713. S2CID 55994657.
Schneider, Jean (April 4, 2016). "III.8 Exoplanets versus brown dwarfs: The CoRoT view and the future". Exoplanets versus brown dwarfs: the CoRoT view and the future. p. 157. arXiv:1604.00917. doi:10.1051/978-2-7598-1876-1.c038. ISBN 978-2-7598-1876-1. S2CID 118434022.
Hatzes Heike Rauer, Artie P. (2015). "A Definition for Giant Planets Based on the Mass-Density Relationship". The Astrophysical Journal. 810 (2): L25. arXiv:1506.05097. Bibcode:2015ApJ...810L..25H. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/810/2/L25. S2CID 119111221.
Basri, Gibor; Brown, Michael E. (2006). "Planetesimals To Brown Dwarfs: What is a Planet?". Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 34: 193–216. arXiv:astro-ph/0608417. Bibcode:2006AREPS..34..193B. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.34.031405.125058. S2CID 119338327.
Schlaufman, Kevin C. (January 18, 2018). "Evidence of an Upper Bound on the Masses of Planets and its Implications for Giant Planet Formation". The Astrophysical Journal. 853 (1): 37. arXiv:1801.06185. Bibcode:2018ApJ...853...37S. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa961c. S2CID 55995400.
Chen, Jingjing; Kipping, David (2016). "Probabilistic Forecasting of the Masses and Radii of Other Worlds". The Astrophysical Journal. 834 (1): 17. arXiv:1603.08614. Bibcode:2017ApJ...834...17C. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/17. S2CID 119114880.
P. Delorme; J. Gagn´e; L. Malo; C. Reyl´e; E. Artigau; L. Albert; T. Forveille; X. Delfosse; F. Allard; D. Homeier (2012). "CFBDSIR2149-0403: a 4–7 Jupiter-mass free-floating planet in the young moving group AB Doradus?". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 548: A26. arXiv:1210.0305. Bibcode:2012A&A...548A..26D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219984. S2CID 50935950.
Liu, Michael C.; Magnier, Eugene A.; Deacon, Niall R.; Allers, Katelyn N.; Dupuy, Trent J.; Kotson, Michael C.; Aller, Kimberly M.; Burgett, W. S.; Chambers, K. C.; Draper, P. W.; Hodapp, K. W.; Jedicke, R.; Kudritzki, R.-P.; Metcalfe, N.; Morgan, J. S.; Kaiser, N.; Price, P. A.; Tonry, J. L.; Wainscoat, R. J. (October 1, 2013). "The Extremely Red, Young L Dwarf PSO J318-22: A Free-Floating Planetary-Mass Analog to Directly Imaged Young Gas-Giant Planets". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 777 (2): L20. arXiv:1310.0457. Bibcode:2013ApJ...777L..20L. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/777/2/L20. S2CID 54007072.
Soter, Steven (August 16, 2006). "What is a Planet?". The Astronomical Journal. 132 (6): 2513–2519. arXiv:astro-ph/0608359. Bibcode:2006AJ....132.2513S. doi:10.1086/508861. S2CID 14676169. submitted to The Astronomical Journal, August 16, 2006
Stern, S. Alan; Levison, Harold F. (2002). "Regarding the criteria for planethood and proposed planetary classification schemes" (PDF). Highlights of Astronomy. 12: 205–213, as presented at the XXIVth General Assembly of the IAU–2000 [Manchester, UK, August 7–18, 2000]. Bibcode:2002HiA....12..205S. doi:10.1017/S1539299600013289.
Righter, Kevin; Drake, Michael J. (1997). "A magma ocean on Vesta: Core formation and petrogenesis of eucrites and diogenites". Meteoritics & Planetary Science. 32 (6): 929–944. Bibcode:1997M&PS...32..929R. doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.1997.tb01582.x. S2CID 128684062.

exoplanet.eu

Schneider, J. (September 10, 2011). "Interactive Extra-solar Planets Catalog". Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia. Retrieved July 13, 2012.

geocities.com

"Phaenomena Book I — ARATUS of SOLI". Archived from the original on September 1, 2005. Retrieved June 16, 2007.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Lissauer, J. J. (1987). "Timescales for Planetary Accretion and the Structure of the Protoplanetary disk". Icarus. 69 (2): 249–265. Bibcode:1987Icar...69..249L. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(87)90104-7. hdl:2060/19870013947.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Cassini, G. D. (1686–1692). "An Extract of the Journal Des Scavans. Of April 22 st. N. 1686. Giving an Account of Two New Satellites of Saturn, Discovered Lately by Mr. Cassini at the Royal Observatory at Paris". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 16 (179–191): 79–85. Bibcode:1686RSPT...16...79C. doi:10.1098/rstl.1686.0013. JSTOR 101844.
Weissman, Paul R. (1995). "The Kuiper Belt". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 33: 327–357. Bibcode:1995ARA&A..33..327W. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.33.090195.001551.
Steven Soter (August 16, 2006). "What is a Planet?". The Astronomical Journal. 132 (6): 2513–2519. arXiv:astro-ph/0608359. Bibcode:2006AJ....132.2513S. doi:10.1086/508861. S2CID 14676169.
Jean-Luc Margot (2015). "A Quantitative Criterion For Defining Planets". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (6): 185. arXiv:1507.06300. Bibcode:2015AJ....150..185M. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/6/185. S2CID 51684830.
Thomas, P. C. (July 2010). "Sizes, shapes, and derived properties of the saturnian satellites after the Cassini nominal mission" (PDF). Icarus. 208 (1): 395–401. Bibcode:2010Icar..208..395T. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.01.025. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 23, 2018. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
Bursa, M. (October 1, 1984). "Secular Love Numbers and Hydrostatic Equilibrium of Planets". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 31 (2): 135–140. Bibcode:1984EM&P...31..135B. doi:10.1007/BF00055525. ISSN 0167-9295. S2CID 119815730.
G. Wuchterl (2004). "Giant planet formation". Institut für Astronomie der Universität Wien. 67 (1–3): 51–65. Bibcode:1994EM&P...67...51W. doi:10.1007/BF00613290. S2CID 119772190.
Basri, Gibor (2000). "Observations of Brown Dwarfs". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 38: 485–519. Bibcode:2000ARA&A..38..485B. doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.38.1.485.
Burrows, Adam; Hubbard, William B.; Lunine, Jonathan I.; Leibert, James (2001). "The Theory of Brown Dwarfs and Extrasolar Giant Planets". Reviews of Modern Physics. 73 (3): 719–765. arXiv:astro-ph/0103383. Bibcode:2001RvMP...73..719B. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.73.719. S2CID 204927572.
Zapatero M. R. Osorio; V. J. S. Béjar; E. L. Martín; R. Rebolo; D. Barrado y Navascués; C. A. L. Bailer-Jones; R. Mundt (2000). "Discovery of Young, Isolated Planetary Mass Objects in the Sigma Orionis Star Cluster". Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology. 290 (5489): 103–107. Bibcode:2000Sci...290..103Z. doi:10.1126/science.290.5489.103. PMID 11021788.
Lissauer, J. J. (1987). "Timescales for Planetary Accretion and the Structure of the Protoplanetary disk". Icarus. 69 (2): 249–265. Bibcode:1987Icar...69..249L. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(87)90104-7. hdl:2060/19870013947.
David S. Spiegel; Adam Burrows; John A. Milsom (2010). "The Deuterium-Burning Mass Limit for Brown Dwarfs and Giant Planets". The Astrophysical Journal. 727 (1): 57. arXiv:1008.5150. Bibcode:2011ApJ...727...57S. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/727/1/57. S2CID 118513110.
Schneider, J.; Dedieu, C.; Le Sidaner, P.; Savalle, R.; Zolotukhin, I. (2011). "Defining and cataloging exoplanets: The exoplanet.eu database". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 532 (79): A79. arXiv:1106.0586. Bibcode:2011A&A...532A..79S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116713. S2CID 55994657.
Hatzes Heike Rauer, Artie P. (2015). "A Definition for Giant Planets Based on the Mass-Density Relationship". The Astrophysical Journal. 810 (2): L25. arXiv:1506.05097. Bibcode:2015ApJ...810L..25H. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/810/2/L25. S2CID 119111221.
Basri, Gibor; Brown, Michael E. (2006). "Planetesimals To Brown Dwarfs: What is a Planet?". Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 34: 193–216. arXiv:astro-ph/0608417. Bibcode:2006AREPS..34..193B. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.34.031405.125058. S2CID 119338327.
Boss, Alan P.; Basri, Gibor; Kumar, Shiv S.; Liebert, James; Martín, Eduardo L.; Reipurth, Bo; Zinnecker, Hans (2003). "Nomenclature: Brown Dwarfs, Gas Giant Planets, and ?". Brown Dwarfs. 211: 529. Bibcode:2003IAUS..211..529B.
Schlaufman, Kevin C. (January 18, 2018). "Evidence of an Upper Bound on the Masses of Planets and its Implications for Giant Planet Formation". The Astrophysical Journal. 853 (1): 37. arXiv:1801.06185. Bibcode:2018ApJ...853...37S. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa961c. S2CID 55995400.
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