Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Democratic Republic of Afghanistan" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

111books.google.com

3^rd place

27archive.org

6^th place

6web.archive.org

1^st place

3youtube.com

9^th place

13^th place

2jstor.org

26^th place

20^th place

2doi.org

2^nd place

2loc.gov

70^th place

63^rd place

2bbc.co.uk

8^th place

10^th place

1oxfordislamicstudies.com

4,028^th place

3,059^th place

1freedomhouse.org

2,046^th place

1,783^rd place

1csmonitor.com

791^st place

550^th place

1worldcat.org

5^th place

1brookings.edu

1,634^th place

1,093^rd place

1idc.ac.il

low place

1newleftreview.org

low place

9,868^th place

1ohiolink.edu

8,366^th place

5,247^th place

1afghan-web.com

low place

1theguardian.com

12^th place

11^th place

1afghanistans.com

low place

1iit.edu

low place

7,391^st place

1warspot.ru

low place

1mepc.org

low place

1sofrep.com

8,636^th place

5,422^nd place

1rand.org

2,921^st place

2,118^th place

1afghanistan-analysts.org

low place

1amnesty.org

1,367^th place

1,176^th place

1marxists.org

803^rd place

826^th place

1bridgew.edu

low place

afghan-web.com

"Afghanistan's 1987 Constitution". 26 March 2018.

afghanistan-analysts.org

"The Ghost of Najibullah: Hezb-e Watan announces (another) relaunch". Afghanistan Analysts Network – English (in Pashto). 21 August 2017. Retrieved 23 July 2023.

afghanistans.com

"Economy". Afghanistan.com. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 1 February 2012.

amnesty.org

"Afghanistan: Women in Afghanistan: Pawns in men's power struggles" (PDF). Amnesty International.

archive.org

Rasanayagam 2005, p. 70. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, pp. 70–71. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, p. 71. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, pp. 72–73. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, p. 73. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, p. 47. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, p. 48. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 105. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 94. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, pp. 107–108. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
"Fundamental Principles of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan". 24 February 1980.
Arnold 1983, p. 108. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 170. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 62. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, pp. 99–100. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 100. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 38. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 111. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 85. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 55. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 112. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 86. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, pp. 39–40. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, p. 71. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, p. 46. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Bonosky 2001, p. 261. Bonosky, Phillip (2001). Afghanistan–Washington's Secret War. International Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7178-0732-1.
Kanet 1987, p. 51. Kanet, Roger (1987). The Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, and the Third World. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-34459-3.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Kabul's prison of death BBC, 27 February 2006

bbc.co.uk

"More than seven million refugees displaced in 2012 - UN". BBC News. 19 June 2013.

books.google.com

Amstutz, J. Bruce (1 July 1994). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. pp. 52, 59, 190, 343. ISBN 9780788111112.
Tomsen 2011, pp. 110–111. Tomsen, Peter (2011). The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-763-8.
Hussain 2005, p. 95. Hussain, Rizwan (2005). Pakistan and the Emergence of Islamic militancy in Afghanistan. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-4434-7.
Gladstone 2001, p. 117. Gladstone, Cary (2001). Afghanistan Revisited. Nova Publishers. ISBN 978-1590334218.
Brecher & Wilkenfeld 1997, p. 356. Brecher, Michael; Wilkenfeld, Jonathan (1997). A Study of Crisis. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-10806-0.
Asthana & Nirmal 2009, p. 219. Asthana, N.C.; Nirmal, A. (2009). Urban Terrorism: Myths and Realities. Pointer Publishers. p. 219. ISBN 978-81-7132-598-6.
Rasanayagam 2005, p. 70. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, pp. 70–71. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, p. 71. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, pp. 72–73. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, p. 73. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Amtstutz 1994a, p. 315. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
Male 1982, p. 192. Male, Beverley (1982). Revolutionary Afghanistan: A Reappraisal. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-7099-1716-8.
Amtstutz 1994a, p. 273. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
Tomsen 2011, p. 160. Tomsen, Peter (2011). The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-763-8.
Tomsen 2011, pp. 160–161. Tomsen, Peter (2011). The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-763-8.
Tripathi & Falk 2010, p. 54. Tripathi, Deepak; Falk, Richard (2010). Breeding Ground: Afghanistan and the Origins of Islamist Terrorism. Potomac Books, Inc. ISBN 978-1-59797-530-8.
Tripathi & Falk 2010, p. 55. Tripathi, Deepak; Falk, Richard (2010). Breeding Ground: Afghanistan and the Origins of Islamist Terrorism. Potomac Books, Inc. ISBN 978-1-59797-530-8.
Camp 2012, pp. 12–13. Camp, Dick (2012). Boots on the Ground: The Fight to Liberate Afghanistan from Al-Qaeda and the Taliban, 2001–2002. Zenith Imprint. ISBN 978-0-7603-4111-7.
Garthoff 1994, p. 1009. Garthoff, Raymond (1994). Détente and Confrontation: American–Soviet relations from Nixon to Reagan. Brookings Institution Press. ISBN 978-0-8157-3041-5.
Garthoff 1994, p. 1017. Garthoff, Raymond (1994). Détente and Confrontation: American–Soviet relations from Nixon to Reagan. Brookings Institution Press. ISBN 978-0-8157-3041-5.
H. Kakar & M. Kakar 1997, p. 71. Kakar, Hassan; Kakar, Mohammed (1997). Afghanistan: The Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Response, 1979–1982. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-20893-3.
H. Kakar & M. Kakar 1997, pp. 71–72. Kakar, Hassan; Kakar, Mohammed (1997). Afghanistan: The Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Response, 1979–1982. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-20893-3.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, p. 47. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, p. 48. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Staff writer 2002, p. 86. Staff writers (2002). Regional Surveys of the World: Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
Kalinovsky 2011, p. 97. Kalinovsky, Artemy (2011). A Long Goodbye: The Soviet Withdrawal from Afghanistan. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-05866-8.
Amtstutz 1994b, pp. 151–152. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994b). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
Amtstutz 1994b, p. 152. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994b). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
Amtstutz 1994b, p. 153. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994b). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
Braithwaite 2011, p. 276. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, p. 277. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, p. 280. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, p. 281. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, p. 282. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, p. 286. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, p. 294. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, p. 296. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Staff writer 2002, p. 66. Staff writers (2002). Regional Surveys of the World: Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
Braithwaite 2011, p. 301. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, pp. 302–303. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Kamali 1985, p. [1]. Kamali, Mohammad Hashim (1985). Law in Afghanistan: a Study of the Constitutions, Matrimonial law and the Judiciary. BRILL Publishers. ISBN 978-90-04-07128-5.
Amtstutz 1994a, p. 63. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
Saikal & Maley 1989, p. 106. Saikal, Amin; Maley, William (1989). The Soviet Withdrawal from Afghanistan. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-37588-7.
Arnold 1983, p. 105. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 94. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, pp. 107–108. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 108. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Yassari 2005, p. 15. Yassari, Nadjma (2005). The Sharīʻa in the Constitutions of Afghanistan, Iran, and Egypt: Implications for Private Law. Mohr Siebeck. ISBN 978-3-16-148787-3.
Otto 2010, p. 289. Otto, Jan Michiel (2010). Sharia Incorporated: A Comparative Overview of the Legal Systems of Twelve Muslim Countries in Past and Present. Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 978-90-8728-057-4.
Giustozzi 2000, p. 161. Giustozzi, Antonio (2000). War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan, 1978–1992. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-396-7.
Staff writer 2002, p. 65. Staff writers (2002). Regional Surveys of the World: Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
Arnold 1983, p. 170. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 62. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, pp. 99–100. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 100. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Raciopi 1994, p. 161. Raciopi, Linda (1994). Soviet policy towards South Asia since 1970. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-41457-9.
Raciopi 1994, pp. 161–162. Raciopi, Linda (1994). Soviet policy towards South Asia since 1970. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-41457-9.
Arnold 1983, p. 38. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 111. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 85. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 55. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 112. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, p. 86. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, pp. 39–40. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Girardet 1985, p. 114. Girardet, Edward (1985). Afghanistan: The Soviet War. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-7099-3802-6.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, p. 71. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Christensen 1995, p. 24. Christensen, Asger (1995). Aiding Afghanistan: The Background and Prospects for Reconstruction in a Fragmented Society. Vol. 25. NIAS Press. ISBN 978-87-87062-44-2.
Dorronsoro 2005, p. 185. Dorronsoro, Gilles (2005). Revolution Unending: Afghanistan, 1979 to the Present. C. Hurst & Co Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-703-3.
H. Kakar & M. Kakar 1997, pp. 305–306. Kakar, Hassan; Kakar, Mohammed (1997). Afghanistan: The Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Response, 1979–1982. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-20893-3.
Giustozzi 2000, p. 142. Giustozzi, Antonio (2000). War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan, 1978–1992. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-396-7.
Giustozzi 2000, pp. 142–143. Giustozzi, Antonio (2000). War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan, 1978–1992. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-396-7.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, p. 46. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Giustozzi 2000, p. 143. Giustozzi, Antonio (2000). War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan, 1978–1992. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-396-7.
Giustozzi 2000, pp. 143–144. Giustozzi, Antonio (2000). War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan, 1978–1992. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-396-7.
Adamec 2011, p. 528. Adamec, Ludwig (2011). Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7815-0.
Edwards 2002, p. 30. Edwards, David (2002). Before Taliban: Genealogies of the Afghan Jihad. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22861-0.
Tomsen 2011, p. 133: "... the introduction of a new flag ... stirred popular resentment that the Afghan communists were attempting to foist Soviet atheism on the country.". Tomsen, Peter (2011). The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-763-8.
Runion 2007, p. 106. Runion, Meredith (2007). The History of Afghanistan. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-33798-7.
Male 1982, p. 212. Male, Beverley (1982). Revolutionary Afghanistan: A Reappraisal. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-7099-1716-8.
Misdaq 2006, p. 119. Misdaq, Nabi (2006). Afghanistan: Political Frailty and External Interference. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0415702058.
Edwards 2002, p. 91. Edwards, David (2002). Before Taliban: Genealogies of the Afghan Jihad. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22861-0.
Kamali 1985, p. 33. Kamali, Mohammad Hashim (1985). Law in Afghanistan: a Study of the Constitutions, Matrimonial law and the Judiciary. BRILL Publishers. ISBN 978-90-04-07128-5.
Achcar 2004, p. 103. Achcar, Gilbert (2004). Eastern Cauldron: Islam, Afghanistan and Palestine in the Mirror of Marxism. Pluto Press. ISBN 978-0-7453-2203-2.
Ende 2010, p. 268. Ende, Werner; Steinbach, Udo (2010). Islam in the World Today: a Handbook of Politics, Religion, Culture, and Society. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-4571-2.
Staff writer 2002, p. 83. Staff writers (2002). Regional Surveys of the World: Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
Amtstutz 1994a, p. 187. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
Amtstutz 1994a, p. 181. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
Amtstutz 1994a, p. 182. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
Isby 1986, p. 18. Isby, David (1986). Russia's War in Afghanistan. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-691-2.
Isby 1986, p. 19. Isby, David (1986). Russia's War in Afghanistan. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-691-2.
Amtstutz 1994a, p. 183. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
Amtstutz 1994a, pp. 183–184. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
Amtstutz 1994a, p. 188. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
- Isby, David (1986). Russia's War in Afghanistan. Osprey Publishing. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-85045-691-2.
- - Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. p. 111. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
  - Amtstutz 1994a, p. 53. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
  - - Isby, David (1986). Russia's War in Afghanistan. Osprey Publishing. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-85045-691-2.
    - - Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. p. 180. ISBN 978-0788111112.
      - Amtstutz 1994a, pp. 180–181. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
      - Bonosky 2001, p. 261. Bonosky, Phillip (2001). Afghanistan–Washington's Secret War. International Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7178-0732-1.
      - Amtstutz 1994a, p. 155. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
      - Reese 2002, p. 167. Reese, Roger (2002). The Soviet Military Experience: A History of the Soviet Army, 1917–1991. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-203-01185-0.
      - Kanet 1987, p. 51. Kanet, Roger (1987). The Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, and the Third World. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-34459-3.
      - Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. pp. 135 & 137. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
        Jefferson 2010, p. 245. Jefferson, Thomas (2010). Afghanistan: a Cultural and Political History. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-14568-6.
        Amtstutz 1994a, p. 312. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
        Amtstutz 1994a, p. 184. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
        Amtstutz 1994a, pp. 184–185. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
        Amtstutz 1994a, p. 186. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994a). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 978-0788111112.
        Isby 1986, p. 20. Isby, David (1986). Russia's War in Afghanistan. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-691-2.

bridgew.edu

vc.bridgew.edu

Ahmed-Ghosh, Huma (2003). "A History of Women in Afghanistan: Lessons Learnt for the Future or Yesterdays and Tomorrow: Women in Afghanistan (page 6: The Second Era of Change)". Journal of International Women's Studies. 4 (6): 1–14. Retrieved 15 August 2021.

brookings.edu

"THE AFGHAN COMMUNISTS" (PDF).

csmonitor.com

"In Afghanistan, Soviets find replacing Islam with communism isn't easy". Christian Science Monitor. 6 August 1985. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved 15 March 2022.

doi.org

Azmi, Muhammad R. (Spring 1986). "Soviet Politico-Military Penetration in Afghanistan, 1955 to 1979". Armed Forces & Society. 12 (3). Sage Publishing: 343, 344. doi:10.1177/0095327X8601200301. JSTOR 45304853 – via JSTOR.
Webber, Mark (1992). "The Third World and the Dissolution of the USSR". Third World Quarterly. 13 (4): 691–713. doi:10.1080/01436599208420305. JSTOR 3992384. Archived from the original on 9 November 2021. Retrieved 9 November 2021.

freedomhouse.org

Freedom in the World 1990–1991 Freedom House

idc.ac.il

meria.idc.ac.il

Ishiyama, John (March 2005). "The Sickle and the Minaret: Communist Successor Parties in Yemen and Afghanistan after the Cold War". Middle East Review of International Affairs. 19 (1). Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 19 April 2011.

iit.edu

gl.iit.edu

"Country Profile: Afghanistan". Illinois Institute of Technology. Archived from the original on 6 November 2001. Retrieved 1 February 2012.

jstor.org

Azmi, Muhammad R. (Spring 1986). "Soviet Politico-Military Penetration in Afghanistan, 1955 to 1979". Armed Forces & Society. 12 (3). Sage Publishing: 343, 344. doi:10.1177/0095327X8601200301. JSTOR 45304853 – via JSTOR.
Webber, Mark (1992). "The Third World and the Dissolution of the USSR". Third World Quarterly. 13 (4): 691–713. doi:10.1080/01436599208420305. JSTOR 3992384. Archived from the original on 9 November 2021. Retrieved 9 November 2021.

loc.gov

lccn.loc.gov

Sources describing the DRA regime as a totalitarian state:
- Tucker, Ernest (2019). "21: Middle East at the End of the Cold War, 1979–1993". The Middle East in Modern World History (Second ed.). New York, NY: Routledge. p. 303. ISBN 978-1-138-49190-8. LCCN 2018043096. During their first few months in power, the Communists remade Afghanistan into a Soviet-style totalitarian state, collectivizing land holdings and abolishing Islamic law entirely. The new government tolerated no opposition to these changes.
loc.gov
- Afghanistan country profile. Library of Congress Federal Research Division (August 2008). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

marxists.org

"Racist Scapegoating of Muslim Women – Down with Quebec's Niqab Ban!, Spartacist Canada, p.23, Summer 2010, No. 165" (PDF).

mepc.org

"Lessons of the Soviet Withdrawal from Afghanistan - Middle East Policy Council". www.MEPC.org. Retrieved 17 May 2017.

newleftreview.org

https://newleftreview.org/issues/I119/articles/fred-halliday-the-war-and-revolution-in-afghanistan The War and Revolution in Afghanistan

ohiolink.edu

rave.ohiolink.edu

Gibson, Joshua James (2015). An Unsustainable Arrangement: The Collapse of the Republic of Afghanistan in 1992 (MA thesis). Ohio State University. Retrieved 12 November 2022.

oxfordislamicstudies.com

Hussain, Rizwan. "Socialism and Islam". The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 27 December 2021 – via Oxford Islamic Studies Online. The leaders of the DRA emphasized the similarity between Islam and socialism and retained Islam as the state religion.

rand.org

Oliker, Olga (13 October 2011). Building Afghanistan's Security Forces in Wartime: The Soviet Experience (Report).

sofrep.com

"Russian Guerilla SOF: KASKAD - Putin's Foreign Legion of Hybrid Warfighters". 4 May 2016. Archived from the original on 4 March 2021.

theguardian.com

"Loya jirga". The Guardian. 14 June 2002.

warspot.ru

"«Пожарная команда» Кабула". Warspot.ru. 30 November 2022. Archived from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 20 January 2024.

web.archive.org

Ishiyama, John (March 2005). "The Sickle and the Minaret: Communist Successor Parties in Yemen and Afghanistan after the Cold War". Middle East Review of International Affairs. 19 (1). Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 19 April 2011.
Webber, Mark (1992). "The Third World and the Dissolution of the USSR". Third World Quarterly. 13 (4): 691–713. doi:10.1080/01436599208420305. JSTOR 3992384. Archived from the original on 9 November 2021. Retrieved 9 November 2021.
"Economy". Afghanistan.com. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012. Retrieved 1 February 2012.
"Country Profile: Afghanistan". Illinois Institute of Technology. Archived from the original on 6 November 2001. Retrieved 1 February 2012.
"«Пожарная команда» Кабула". Warspot.ru. 30 November 2022. Archived from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 20 January 2024.
"Russian Guerilla SOF: KASKAD - Putin's Foreign Legion of Hybrid Warfighters". 4 May 2016. Archived from the original on 4 March 2021.

worldcat.org

"In Afghanistan, Soviets find replacing Islam with communism isn't easy". Christian Science Monitor. 6 August 1985. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved 15 March 2022.

youtube.com

Afghanistan - Rebels Without A Cause (1989), retrieved 16 July 2023
Battle of Jalalabad - Operation Jalalabad - Pak-Afg war, 1989, retrieved 23 February 2024
"- YouTube". www.youtube.com. Retrieved 23 February 2024.