Demographics of France (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Demographics of France" in English language version.

refsWebsite

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62insee.fr

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24web.archive.org

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6europa.eu

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5doi.org

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5ined.fr

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120minutos.es

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1statistics.gov.uk

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20minutos.es

"El número de inmigrantes españoles en Francia se ha duplicado con la crisis". 20minutos.es. 28 November 2014. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

aerchipro.com

"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 26 June 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

afrik.com

Les personnes originaires d'Afrique, des Dom-Tom et de la Turquie sont 5,5 millions dans l'Hexagone Archived 2 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Afrik.com, 12 February 2009

archive.org

Jackson, Julian (2001). France: The Dark Years, 1940–1944. Oxford University Press. pp. 31–33, 103–104. ISBN 978-0-19-820706-1.

asiapacific.ca

Canadians abroad Asiapacific.ca

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Spanish Civil War fighters look back, BBC News, 23 February 2003
"French unions claim 3m on street". BBC News. 19 March 2009.

books.google.com

Cohen, Robin (2 November 1995). The Cambridge Survey of World Migration. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521444057 – via Google Books.
Cohen, Robin (2 November 1995). The Cambridge Survey of World Migration. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521444057 – via Google Books.
Carolyn Burke. No Regrets: The Life of Edith Piaf, Bloomsbury Publishing, 2011, p.5

brookings.edu

Unrest in France, November 2005: immigration, islam and the challenge of integration Archived 6 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine, Justin Vaïsse, Presentation to Congressional Staff, 10 and 12 January 2006, Washington, DC

cairn.info

"Compared with the Europeans, the Tunisians belong to a much more recent wave of migration and occupy a much less favourable socioeconomic position, yet their pattern of marriage behaviour is nonetheless similar.... Algerian and Moroccan immigrants have a higher propensity to exogamy than Asians or Portuguese but a much weaker labour market position.... Confirming the results from other analyses of immigrant assimilation in France, this study shows that North Africans seem to be characterized by a high degree of cultural integration (reflected in a relatively high propensity to exogamy, notably for Tunisians) that contrasts with a persistent disadvantage in the labour market".Intermarriage and assimilation: disparities in levels of exogamy among immigrants in France, Mirna Safi, Volume 63 2008/2

cia.gov

"CIA – The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". Cia.gov. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"France - Religions", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 14 May 2025, retrieved 20 May 2025

conventioncitoyenne.com

Yazid Sabeg et Laurence Méhaignerie, Les oubliés de l'égalité des chances, Institut Montaigne, January 2004. Page 80

csa-fr.com

"Catholicisme et protestantisme en France: Analyses sociologiques et données de l'Institut CSA pour La Croix" (PDF). Institut CSA & La Croix. 24 December 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 October 2009.

doi.org

Huss, Marie-Monique (1 September 1990). "Pronatalism in the Inter-War Period in France". Journal of Contemporary History. 25 (1): 39–68. doi:10.1177/002200949002500102. JSTOR 260720. S2CID 162316833.
Louis-Georges, Tin (2008). "Who is afraid of Blacks in France? The Black question: The name taboo, the number taboo". French Politics, Culture & Society. 26 (1): 32–44. doi:10.3167/fpcs.2008.260103.
Waughray, Vernon (1960). "The French Racial Scene: North African Immigrants in France". Race. 2 (1): 60–70. doi:10.1177/030639686000200105. ISSN 0033-7277.
Tribalat, Michèle (1 July 2015). "Une estimation des populations d'origine étrangère en France en 2011". Espace Populations Sociétés. Space Populations Societies (2015/1–2). doi:10.4000/eps.6073 – via eps.revues.org.
Cooper, Frederick (24 January 2018). "The Politics of Decolonization in French and British West Africa". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.111. ISBN 9780190277734. Retrieved 27 April 2021.

economist.com

"France's ethnic minorities: To count or not to count". The Economist. Vol. 390, no. 8624. 28 March 2009. p. 62.

europa.eu

ec.europa.eu

"File:Total fertility rate, 1960–2015 (live births per woman) YB17.png – Statistics Explained". ec.europa.eu.
ec.europa.eu https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/demo_frate/default/table?lang=en&category=demo.demo_fer. Retrieved 20 May 2025. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
"Database – Eurostat". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"EU funding for Roma integration". Ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
"CensusHub2". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
"European Web Site on Integration – European Commission". Ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

historyworld.net

"HISTORY OF FRANCE". Historyworld.net. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

iau-idf.fr

Les descendants d'immigrés vivant en Île-de-France Archived 2011-10-28 at the Wayback Machine, IAU Idf, Note rapide Société, n° 531

ifop.com

"Les croyances des Français". Archived from the original on 22 October 2006. Retrieved 12 February 2007.

ifri.org

"IFRI – Institut français des relations internationales". Ifri.org. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

iht.com

"France has a baby boom". International Herald Tribune. 2005. Retrieved 15 December 2007.
Smith, Craig S. Face behind Paris 'bistro' counter becomes Asian. International Herald Tribune, 10 May 2005.

independent.co.uk

France's crisis of national identity, The Independent, Wednesday, 25 November 2009

ined.fr

"INED – Population et Société – La fécondité des immigrées, nouvelles données, nouvelle approche (Avril 2004)" (PDF). Ined.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
https://www.ined.fr/fichier/s_rubrique/29430/population.et.societes.568.2019.fecondite.immigrees.fr.pdf ^{[bare URL PDF]}
"Developed Countries Demography". Institut National d'Études Démographiques – INED. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
"Michèle Tribalat's 2004 study for the INE". Ined.fr. Archived from the original on 20 October 2005. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 June 2013. Retrieved 19 February 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

inei.gob.pe

"PERÚ Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática". Inei.gob.pe. Archived from the original on 12 April 1997. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

insee.fr

"Titre | Insee". www.insee.fr.
"Bilan démographique 2021". Insee. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
"Indicateur conjoncturel de fécondité en 2024 | Insee".
"Espérance de vie à divers âges et taux de mortalité infantile, France" (in French). INSEE. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
Population of Metropolitan France: [1]. The population of all five overseas departments totaled 2,172,000 [2] in January 2021. The population of the overseas collectivities amounted to 613,000 inhabitants (Saint-Pierre and Miquelon [3], Saint-Barthélemy [4], Saint-Martin [5], French Polynesia [6], Wallis et Futuna [7], New Caledonia [8]). The total population of the overseas departments and territories of France is estimated at 2,785,000.
"Bilan démographique 2016 – Insee Première – 1630". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"L'essentiel sur... les immigrés et les étrangers | Insee". www.insee.fr. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
"Insee − Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Indicateur conjoncturel de fécondité en 2024". Insee. INSEE. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
"Demography report 2020". INSEE. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
"Résultats de la recherche - Insee". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Insee − Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques – Insee". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
Les immigrés, les descendants d'immigrés et leurs enfants, Pascale Breuil-Genier, Catherine Borrel, Bertrand Lhommeau; Insee.fr, 2011
"Population changes − Demographic balance sheet 2021 | Insee". www.insee.fr. Retrieved 5 August 2023.
"Population totale par sexe et âge au 1 er janvier 2017, France métropolitaine−Bilan démographique 2016 – Insee". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Espérance de vie en 2023: Comparaisons régionales et départementales" [Life expectancy in 2023: comparison of regions and departments]. National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (France) (in French). Retrieved 1 February 2024.
"Évolution de la population − Bilan démographique 2020 | Insee". www.insee.fr.
"Âge moyen et âge médian de la population" (in French). INSEE. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
INSEE. "Fécondité totale, fécondité selon le groupe d'âges de la mère et âge moyen des mères à l'accouchement" (in French). Retrieved 12 November 2013.
"Tableau complémentaire 2 : Taux de fécondité par groupe d'âges". INSEE (in French). Government of France. Retrieved 19 January 2011.
"Bilan démographique 2008". INSEE (in French). Government of France. Retrieved 13 January 2009.
"Un premier enfant à 28,5 ans en 2015 : 4,5 ans plus tard qu'en 1974" (in French). INSEE. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
"Insee − Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - Insee". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Fertility Demographic balance sheet 2017 – Retrospective tables". Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques.
Population changes Demographic balance sheet 2021 – Retrospective tables, www.insee.fr, visited 19-08-2023
"Naissances selon le pays de naissance des parents en 2023". Insee.fr. Retrieved 14 November 2024.
"Demography – Number of live births – Metropolitan France". Insee.fr. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
"Demography – Number of deaths – Metropolitan France". Insee.fr. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
"France: fertility rate by region". Insee (in French). Retrieved 4 October 2024.
"Indicateur conjoncturel de fécondité en 2024 | Insee". www.insee.fr. Retrieved 1 May 2025.
T61 – Nés vivants selon la nationalité détaillée des parents et leur situation matrimoniale, INSEE.
"Titre | Insee". www.insee.fr. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
"Résultats de la recherche – Insee". Insee.fr. Retrieved 9 February 2024.
Être né en France d'un parent immigré, Insee Première, n°1287, mars 2010, Catherine Borrel et Bertrand Lhommeau; Insee.fr
Répartition des immigrés par pays de naissance 2008, Insee.fr, October 2011
"Immigrés, étrangers | Insee | Évolution de la population immigrée en France de 1921 à 2015 | en %". INSEE. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
Fiches thématiques – Population immigrée – Immigrés – Insee Références – Édition 2012, Insee.fr, 2012
"Résultats de la recherche – Insee". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche – Insee". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Insee − Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques" (PDF). Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche – Insee". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Villes et communes de France − Tableaux de l'économie française | Insee". www.insee.fr.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". Insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Résultats de la recherche". insee.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

iom.int

"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2014. Retrieved 2 March 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

isee.nc

Population of Metropolitan France: [1]. The population of all five overseas departments totaled 2,172,000 [2] in January 2021. The population of the overseas collectivities amounted to 613,000 inhabitants (Saint-Pierre and Miquelon [3], Saint-Barthélemy [4], Saint-Martin [5], French Polynesia [6], Wallis et Futuna [7], New Caledonia [8]). The total population of the overseas departments and territories of France is estimated at 2,785,000.

itamaraty.gov.br

brasileirosnomundo.itamaraty.gov.br

APÊNDICE: NÚMERO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE BRASILEIROS NO MUNDO Archived 28 May 2015 at the Wayback Machine Brasileirosnomundo.itamaraty.gov.br

jerseyheritagetrust.org

"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 March 2009. Retrieved 26 March 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

jewishvirtuallibrary.org

"Jewish Population of the World". Jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

jstor.org

Huss, Marie-Monique (1 September 1990). "Pronatalism in the Inter-War Period in France". Journal of Contemporary History. 25 (1): 39–68. doi:10.1177/002200949002500102. JSTOR 260720. S2CID 162316833.
Valdman, Albert (May 2000). "La Langue des faubourgs et des banlieues: de l'argot au français populaire". The French Review. 73 (6). American Association of Teachers of French: 1188. JSTOR 399371.

lefigaro.fr

plus.lefigaro.fr

How does France count its Muslim population?, Le Figaro, April 2011

lemonde.fr

"Immigration rose in France in 2022, driven by labor needs and foreign students". Le Monde.fr. 27 January 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
"La difficile utilisation des statistiques ethniques en France" (in French). 19 March 2019. Retrieved 4 May 2025.
Courtois, Gérard (24 January 2013). "Les crispations alarmantes de la société française". Le Monde.fr. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

lexpress.fr

L'Express (3 June 2014). "Face à l'islam de France, du déni à la paralysie". Retrieved 29 December 2014.

migrationinformation.org

"Migration Data Hub". Migrationinformation.org. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

migrationpolicy.org

"Immigration and the 2007 French Presidential Elections" (PDF). Migrationpolicy.org. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

nytimes.com

"Black residents of France say they are discriminated against". International Herald Tribune. 31 January 2007. Retrieved 27 October 2009.
"Breaking News, World News & Multimedia". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
Smith, Craig S. (5 November 2005). "Immigrant Rioting Flares in France for Ninth Night". The New York Times.

query.nytimes.com

James M. Markham (6 April 1988). "For Pieds-Noirs, the Anger Endures". Query.nytimes.com. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

ourworldindata.org

"Life expectancy". Our World in Data. Retrieved 28 August 2018.
Max Roser (2014), "Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries", Our World In Data, Gapminder Foundation

oxfordre.com

Cooper, Frederick (24 January 2018). "The Politics of Decolonization in French and British West Africa". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of African History. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.111. ISBN 9780190277734. Retrieved 27 April 2021.

persee.fr

Louis Henry; Yves Blayo (1975), "La population de la France de 1740 à 1860" (doc), Population, 30 (1): 95, 100

qz.com

Shendruk, Amanda (8 July 2021). "Are you even trying to stop racism if you don't collect data on race?". Quartz. Retrieved 4 July 2022.

revues.org

eps.revues.org

Tribalat, Michèle (1 July 2015). "Une estimation des populations d'origine étrangère en France en 2011". Espace Populations Sociétés. Space Populations Societies (2015/1–2). doi:10.4000/eps.6073 – via eps.revues.org.
Michèle Tribalat, " Mariages " mixtes " et immigration en France ", Espace populations sociétés, 2009/2 | 2009, mis en ligne le 01 avril 2011

rfi.fr

"RFI – Immigration – Combien d'immigrés clandestins en France?". Rfi.fr. Archived from the original on 22 August 2011. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

sagepub.com

journals.sagepub.com

Waughray, Vernon (1960). "The French Racial Scene: North African Immigrants in France". Race. 2 (1): 60–70. doi:10.1177/030639686000200105. ISSN 0033-7277.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Huss, Marie-Monique (1 September 1990). "Pronatalism in the Inter-War Period in France". Journal of Contemporary History. 25 (1): 39–68. doi:10.1177/002200949002500102. JSTOR 260720. S2CID 162316833.

senat.fr

"De l'Islam en France à un Islam de France, établir la transparence et lever les ambiguïtés". Sénat (in French). 3 April 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2025.

ssrn.com

papers.ssrn.com

Oppenheimer, David B. (2008). "Why France Needs to Collect Data on Racial Identity... In a French Way". Hastings International and Comparative Law Review. 31 (2): 735–752. SSRN 1236362.

state.gov

2001-2009.state.gov

"International Religious Freedom". State.gov. 22 September 2008. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

statista.com

"Number of immigrants by origin in France 2021".

statistics.gov.uk

"Home – Office for National Statistics". Statistics.gov.uk. Retrieved 1 September 2017.

sudouest.fr

"Qui sont les nouveaux immigrés qui vivent en France ?". SudOuest.fr. 12 February 2014.
Qui sont les nouveaux immigrés qui vivent en France, Sudouest.fr, 2011

theguardian.com

"French plan to break taboo on ethnic data causes uproar". the Guardian. 23 March 2009. Retrieved 21 November 2022. The 1978 law that bans collecting ethnic data has roots in France's shame over collaboration with the Nazis during the second world war, when Jews were marked with yellow stars and sent to death camps.
Chrisafis, Angelique (24 February 2007). "French presidential candidates divided over race census". The Guardian. London. p. 25. Retrieved 27 October 2009.

time.com

content.time.com

Crumley, Bruce (8 August 2018). "Should France Start Counting Its Minority Population? – TIME". Time. Archived from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2022.

uclawsf.edu

repository.uclawsf.edu

Oppenheimer, David B. (2008). "Why France Needs to Collect Data on Racial Identity... In a French Way". Hastings International and Comparative Law Review. 31 (2): 735–752. SSRN 1236362.

ultimasnoticias.com.ve

"Últimas Noticias". Últimas Noticias. Archived from the original on 5 December 2014.

un.org

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unstats.un.org

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unesco.org

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web.archive.org

"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 March 2009. Retrieved 26 March 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
Crumley, Bruce (8 August 2018). "Should France Start Counting Its Minority Population? – TIME". Time. Archived from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2022.
Les personnes originaires d'Afrique, des Dom-Tom et de la Turquie sont 5,5 millions dans l'Hexagone Archived 2 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Afrik.com, 12 February 2009
Les descendants d'immigrés vivant en Île-de-France Archived 2011-10-28 at the Wayback Machine, IAU Idf, Note rapide Société, n° 531
Zaman France. "La communauté turque compte 611.515 personnes en France". Archived from the original on 21 December 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
"RFI – Immigration – Combien d'immigrés clandestins en France?". Rfi.fr. Archived from the original on 22 August 2011. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"IFRI – E-note – Notes de l'Ifri – France: the State strives to shape "chosen" immigration – Institut français des relations internationales". 26 July 2011. Archived from the original on 26 July 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
"Michèle Tribalat's 2004 study for the INE". Ined.fr. Archived from the original on 20 October 2005. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
Unrest in France, November 2005: immigration, islam and the challenge of integration Archived 6 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine, Justin Vaïsse, Presentation to Congressional Staff, 10 and 12 January 2006, Washington, DC
"Intégration et identité nationale – IMMIG.FR". 17 May 2009. Archived from the original on 17 May 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 June 2013. Retrieved 19 February 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
"Infos migrations" (PDF). 27 November 2010. Archived from the original on 27 November 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
APÊNDICE: NÚMERO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE BRASILEIROS NO MUNDO Archived 28 May 2015 at the Wayback Machine Brasileirosnomundo.itamaraty.gov.br
"Últimas Noticias". Últimas Noticias. Archived from the original on 5 December 2014.
"PERÚ Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática". Inei.gob.pe. Archived from the original on 12 April 1997. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 July 2014. Retrieved 2 March 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
"Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 26 June 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
"Ministère de l'immigration, de l'intégration, de l'identité nationale et du codéveloppement". 6 November 2008. Archived from the original on 6 November 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
"Immigration – IMMIG.FR". 23 May 2009. Archived from the original on 23 May 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
"Immigration – IMMIG.FR". 23 May 2009. Archived from the original on 23 May 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
"Ressources – IMMIG.FR". 17 May 2009. Archived from the original on 17 May 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
Les protestants en France en 2017 Ipsos.
"Les croyances des Français". Archived from the original on 22 October 2006. Retrieved 12 February 2007.
"Catholicisme et protestantisme en France: Analyses sociologiques et données de l'Institut CSA pour La Croix" (PDF). Institut CSA & La Croix. 24 December 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 October 2009.

wikipedia.org

fr.wikipedia.org

"Les Gaulois figurent seulement parmi d'autres dans la multitude de couches de peuplement fort divers (Ligures, Ibères, Latins, Francs et Alamans, Nordiques, Sarrasins...) qui aboutissent à la population du pays à un moment donné ", Jean-Louis Brunaux, Nos ancêtres les Gaulois, éd. Seuil, 2008, p. 261
"Les premiers musulmans arrivèrent en France à la suite de l'occupation de l'Espagne par les Maures, il y a plus d'un millénaire, et s'installèrent dans les environs de Toulouse – et jusqu'en Bourgogne. À Narbonne, les traces d'une mosquée datant du VIIIe siècle sont le témoignage de l'ancienneté de ce passé. Lors de la célèbre, et en partie mythologique, bataille de Poitiers en 732, dont les historiens reconsidèrent aujourd'hui l'importance, Charles Martel aurait stoppé la progression des envahisseurs arabes. Des réfugiés musulmans qui fuyaient la Reconquista espagnole, et plus tard l'Inquisition, firent souche en Languedoc-Roussillon et dans le Pays basque français, ainsi que dans le Béarn", Justin Vaïsse, Intégrer l'Islam, Odile Jacob, 2007, pp. 32–33
In 2003, the French Ministry of the Interior estimated the total number of Muslims as 5–6 million whereas the "Front National" spoke about 8 million, in Jonathan Laurence and Justin Vaïsse,Intégrer l'Islam, Odile Jacob, 2007

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Waughray, Vernon (1960). "The French Racial Scene: North African Immigrants in France". Race. 2 (1): 60–70. doi:10.1177/030639686000200105. ISSN 0033-7277.

zamanfrance.fr

Zaman France. "La communauté turque compte 611.515 personnes en France". Archived from the original on 21 December 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2014.