Denial-of-service attack (English Wikipedia)

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Ginovsky, John (27 January 2014). "What you should know about worsening DDoS attacks". ABA Banking Journal. Archived from the original on 9 February 2014.

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Sides, Mor; Bremler-Barr, Anat; Rosensweig, Elisha (17 August 2015). "Yo-Yo Attack: Vulnerability In Auto-scaling Mechanism". ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review. 45 (4): 103–104. doi:10.1145/2829988.2790017.

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"Amazon CloudWatch". Amazon Web Services, Inc.

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"All You Need to Know about Denial-of-Service Attack". AppViewX. Retrieved 21 June 2025.

arstechnica.com (Global: 388^th place; English: 265^th place)

Goodin, Dan (28 September 2016). "Record-breaking DDoS reportedly delivered by >145k hacked cameras". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 2 October 2016.

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

Barr, Anat; Ben David, Ronen (2021). "Kubernetes Autoscaling: Yo Yo Attack Vulnerability and Mitigation". Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Services Science. pp. 34–44. arXiv:2105.00542. doi:10.5220/0010397900340044. ISBN 978-989-758-510-4. S2CID 233482002.

baeldung.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

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bbc.com (Global: 20^th place; English: 30^th place)

"Amazon 'thwarts largest ever DDoS cyber-attack'". BBC News. 18 June 2020. Retrieved 11 November 2020.

bleepingcomputer.com (Global: 6,171^st place; English: 4,055^th place)

"Internet Archive hacked, data breach impacts 31 million users". www.bleepingcomputer.com. Retrieved 10 October 2024.

bloomberg.com (Global: 99^th place; English: 77^th place)

Solon, Olivia (9 September 2015). "Cyber-Extortionists Targeting the Financial Sector Are Demanding Bitcoin Ransoms". Bloomberg. Retrieved 15 September 2015.

caida.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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cambridge.org (Global: 305^th place; English: 264^th place)

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"DOS | Pronunciation in English". Cambridge Dictionary. Retrieved 29 August 2025.
"DDoS | Pronunciation in English". Cambridge Dictionary. Retrieved 29 August 2025.
"DDoS | Pronunciation in English". Cambridge Dictionary. Retrieved 29 August 2025.

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cisa.gov (Global: low place; English: low place)

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cisco.com (Global: 2,882^nd place; English: 2,105^th place)

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Patrikakis, C.; Masikos, M.; Zouraraki, O. (December 2004). "Distributed Denial of Service Attacks". The Internet Protocol Journal. 7 (4): 13–35. Archived from the original on 27 December 2015. Retrieved 13 January 2010.

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cloud.google.com (Global: 9,964^th place; English: 6,992^nd place)

"Google mitigated the largest DDoS attack to date, peaking above 398 million rps". Google Cloud Blog. 10 October 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2024.

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"Who's Behind DDoS Attacks and How Can You Protect Your Website?". Cloudbric. 10 September 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2015.

cloudflare.com (Global: 8,991^st place; English: 6,535^th place)

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Prince, Matthew (25 April 2016). "Empty DDoS Threats: Meet the Armada Collective". CloudFlare. Retrieved 18 May 2016.
"Cloudflare mitigates record-breaking 71 million request-per-second DDoS attack". The Cloudflare Blog. 13 February 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
"HTTP/2 Rapid Reset: deconstructing the record-breaking attack". The Cloudflare Blog. 10 October 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2024.
Ali, Junade (23 November 2017). "The New DDoS Landscape". Cloudflare Blog.
"CVE-2022-26143: A Zero-Day vulnerability for launching UDP amplification DDoS attacks". Cloudflare Blog. 8 March 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
Majkowski, Marek (28 June 2017). "Stupidly Simple DDoS Protocol (SSDP) generates 100 Gbps DDoS". The Cloudflare Blog. Retrieved 20 November 2024.

cloudflare.com

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Froutan, Paul (24 June 2004). "How to defend against DDoS attacks". Computerworld. Archived from the original on 2 July 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2010.

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Higgins, Kelly Jackson (17 October 2013). "DDoS Attack Used 'Headless' Browser In 150-Hour Siege". Dark Reading. InformationWeek. Archived from the original on 22 January 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
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delimiter.com.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

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doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

doi.org

Sides, Mor; Bremler-Barr, Anat; Rosensweig, Elisha (17 August 2015). "Yo-Yo Attack: Vulnerability In Auto-scaling Mechanism". ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review. 45 (4): 103–104. doi:10.1145/2829988.2790017.
Barr, Anat; Ben David, Ronen (2021). "Kubernetes Autoscaling: Yo Yo Attack Vulnerability and Mitigation". Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Services Science. pp. 34–44. arXiv:2105.00542. doi:10.5220/0010397900340044. ISBN 978-989-758-510-4. S2CID 233482002.
Xu, Xiaoqiong; Li, Jin; Yu, Hongfang; Luo, Long; Wei, Xuetao; Sun, Gang (2020). "Towards Yo-Yo attack mitigation in cloud auto-scaling mechanism". Digital Communications and Networks. 6 (3): 369–376. doi:10.1016/j.dcan.2019.07.002. S2CID 208093679.
Mubarakali, Azath; Srinivasan, Karthik; Mukhalid, Reham; Jaganathan, Subash C. B.; Marina, Ninoslav (26 January 2020). "Security challenges in internet of things: Distributed denial of service attack detection using support vector machine-based expert systems". Computational Intelligence. 36 (4): 1580–1592. doi:10.1111/coin.12293. ISSN 0824-7935. S2CID 214114645.
Befekadu, Getachew K.; Gupta, Vijay; Antsaklis, Panos J. (2015). "Risk-Sensitive Control Under Markov Modulated Denial-of-Service (DoS) Attack Strategies". IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. 60 (12): 3299–3304. Bibcode:2015ITAC...60.3299B. doi:10.1109/TAC.2015.2416926. S2CID 9510043.
Sun, Fei Xian (2011). "Danger Theory Based Risk Evaluation Model for Smurf Attacks". Key Engineering Materials. 467–469: 515–521. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.467-469.515. ISSN 1662-9795. S2CID 110045205.
van Rijswijk-Deij, Roland (2014). "DNSSEC and its potential for DDoS attacks: A comprehensive measurement study". Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Internet Measurement Conference. ACM Press. pp. 449–460. doi:10.1145/2663716.2663731. ISBN 9781450332132. S2CID 2094604.
Kolias, Constantinos; Kambourakis, Georgios; Stavrou, Angelos; Voas, Jeffrey (2017). "DDoS in the IoT: Mirai and Other Botnets". Computer. 50 (7): 80–84. Bibcode:2017Compr..50g..80K. doi:10.1109/MC.2017.201. S2CID 35958086.
Kuzmanovic, Aleksandar; Knightly, Edward W. (25 August 2003). "Low-rate TCP-targeted denial of service attacks: The shrew vs. The mice and elephants". Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications. ACM. pp. 75–86. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.307.4107. doi:10.1145/863955.863966. ISBN 978-1581137354. S2CID 173992197.
Yu Chen; Kai Hwang; Yu-Kwong Kwok (2005). "Filtering of shrew DDoS attacks in frequency domain". The IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks 30th Anniversary (LCN'05)l. pp. 8 pp. doi:10.1109/LCN.2005.70. hdl:10722/45910. ISBN 978-0-7695-2421-4. S2CID 406686.
Ben-Porat, U.; Bremler-Barr, A.; Levy, H. (1 May 2013). "Vulnerability of Network Mechanisms to Sophisticated DDoS Attacks". IEEE Transactions on Computers. 62 (5): 1031–1043. Bibcode:2013ITCmp..62.1031B. doi:10.1109/TC.2012.49. ISSN 0018-9340. S2CID 26395831.
W. Eddy (August 2007). TCP SYN Flooding Attacks and Common Mitigations. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4987. RFC 4987. Informational.
Bhardwaj, Akashdeep (12 June 2023), "Solutions for DDoS Attacks on Cloud Environment", New Age Cyber Threat Mitigation for Cloud Computing Networks, BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, pp. 42–55, doi:10.2174/9789815136111123010006, ISBN 978-981-5136-11-1, retrieved 9 February 2024
Loukas, G.; Oke, G. (September 2010). "Protection Against Denial of Service Attacks: A Survey" (PDF). Comput. J. 53 (7): 1020–1037. doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxp078. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
Alqahtani, S.; Gamble, R. F. (1 January 2015). "DDoS Attacks in Service Clouds". 2015 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. pp. 5331–5340. doi:10.1109/HICSS.2015.627. ISBN 978-1-4799-7367-5. S2CID 32238160.
Kousiouris, George (2014). "KEY COMPLETION INDICATORS:minimizing the effect of DoS attacks on elastic Cloud-based applications based on application-level markov chain checkpoints". CLOSER Conference. pp. 622–628. doi:10.5220/0004963006220628. ISBN 978-989-758-019-2.

dx.doi.org

Bhardwaj, Akashdeep (12 June 2023), "Solutions for DDoS Attacks on Cloud Environment", New Age Cyber Threat Mitigation for Cloud Computing Networks, BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, pp. 42–55, doi:10.2174/9789815136111123010006, ISBN 978-981-5136-11-1, retrieved 9 February 2024

europa.eu (Global: 68^th place; English: 117^th place)

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"Authorities across the world going after users of biggest DDoS-for-hire website". Europol. Retrieved 29 January 2019.

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"EUSecWest Applied Security Conference: London, U.K." EUSecWest. 2008. Archived from the original on 1 February 2009.

fbi.gov (Global: 881^st place; English: 611^th place)

"FBI — Phony Phone Calls Distract Consumers from Genuine Theft". FBI.gov. 11 May 2010. Retrieved 10 September 2013.

gartner.com (Global: 4,365^th place; English: 3,369^th place)

"Gartner Says 25 Percent of Distributed Denial of Services Attacks in 2013 Will Be Application - Based". Gartner. 21 February 2013. Archived from the original on 25 February 2013. Retrieved 28 January 2014.

ghostarchive.org (Global: 32^nd place; English: 21^st place)

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globalsecurelayer.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Unprecedented 3.15 Billion Packet Rate DDoS Attack Mitigated by Global Secure Layer". globalsecurelayer.com. Retrieved 28 August 2024.

googlepages.com (Global: 5,228^th place; English: 3,315^th place)

mehmet.suzen.googlepages.com

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gre.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

staffweb.cms.gre.ac.uk

Loukas, G.; Oke, G. (September 2010). "Protection Against Denial of Service Attacks: A Survey" (PDF). Comput. J. 53 (7): 1020–1037. doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxp078. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 2 December 2015.

handle.net (Global: 102^nd place; English: 76^th place)

hdl.handle.net

Yu Chen; Kai Hwang; Yu-Kwong Kwok (2005). "Filtering of shrew DDoS attacks in frequency domain". The IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks 30th Anniversary (LCN'05)l. pp. 8 pp. doi:10.1109/LCN.2005.70. hdl:10722/45910. ISBN 978-0-7695-2421-4. S2CID 406686.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Befekadu, Getachew K.; Gupta, Vijay; Antsaklis, Panos J. (2015). "Risk-Sensitive Control Under Markov Modulated Denial-of-Service (DoS) Attack Strategies". IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control. 60 (12): 3299–3304. Bibcode:2015ITAC...60.3299B. doi:10.1109/TAC.2015.2416926. S2CID 9510043.
Kolias, Constantinos; Kambourakis, Georgios; Stavrou, Angelos; Voas, Jeffrey (2017). "DDoS in the IoT: Mirai and Other Botnets". Computer. 50 (7): 80–84. Bibcode:2017Compr..50g..80K. doi:10.1109/MC.2017.201. S2CID 35958086.
Ben-Porat, U.; Bremler-Barr, A.; Levy, H. (1 May 2013). "Vulnerability of Network Mechanisms to Sophisticated DDoS Attacks". IEEE Transactions on Computers. 62 (5): 1031–1043. Bibcode:2013ITCmp..62.1031B. doi:10.1109/TC.2012.49. ISSN 0018-9340. S2CID 26395831.

howdoesinternetwork.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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huaweicloud.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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huffingtonpost.com (Global: 109^th place; English: 87^th place)

"Anonymous DDoS Petition: Group Calls On White House To Recognize Distributed Denial Of Service As Protest". HuffingtonPost.com. 12 January 2013.

ic3.gov (Global: low place; English: low place)

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icir.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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ietf.org (Global: 214^th place; English: 176^th place)

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imperva.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Imperva, Global DDoS Threat Landscape, 2019 Report" (PDF). Imperva.com. Imperva. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
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incapsula.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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internetsociety.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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interpacket.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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iu.edu (Global: 3,316^th place; English: 1,982^nd place)

anml.iu.edu

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justice.gov (Global: 918^th place; English: 556^th place)

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kaspersky.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

usa.kaspersky.com

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kotaku.com (Global: 401^st place; English: 271^st place)

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krebsonsecurity.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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medium.com (Global: 551^st place; English: 406^th place)

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microsoft.com (Global: 153^rd place; English: 151^st place)

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netscout.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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newsweek.com (Global: 269^th place; English: 201^st place)

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nokia.com (Global: 4,216^th place; English: 3,151^st place)

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ntp.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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"DRDoS / Amplification Attack using ntpdc monlist command". support.ntp.org. 24 April 2010. Retrieved 13 April 2014.

owasp.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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刘鹏; 郭洋. "CC (challenge collapsar) attack defending method, device and system". Google Patents. Archived from the original on 5 March 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2018.
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pcgamer.com (Global: 428^th place; English: 286^th place)

Jess Kinghorn (24 September 2025). "Cloudflare mitigates yet another record-breaking DDoS attack—which, at 22.2 Tbps, makes it nearly twice as big as the last hyper-volumetric attack". PC Gamer. Retrieved 4 October 2025.

pitt.edu (Global: 1,476^th place; English: 1,056^th place)

d-scholarship.pitt.edu

Taghavi Zargar, Saman (November 2013). "A Survey of Defense Mechanisms Against Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Flooding Attacks" (PDF). IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials. pp. 2046–2069. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 March 2014. Retrieved 7 March 2014.

polygon.com (Global: 180^th place; English: 133^rd place)

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prolexic.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Paul Sop (May 2007). "Prolexic Distributed Denial of Service Attack Alert". Prolexic Technologies Inc. Archived from the original on 3 August 2007. Retrieved 22 August 2007.

psu.edu (Global: 207^th place; English: 136^th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Kuzmanovic, Aleksandar; Knightly, Edward W. (25 August 2003). "Low-rate TCP-targeted denial of service attacks: The shrew vs. The mice and elephants". Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications. ACM. pp. 75–86. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.307.4107. doi:10.1145/863955.863966. ISBN 978-1581137354. S2CID 173992197.

radicalphilosophy.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Halpin, Harry (17 December 2010). "The Philosophy of Anonymous". Radicalphilosophy.com. Retrieved 10 September 2013.

radware.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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redhat.com (Global: 5,386^th place; English: 4,042^nd place)

research.redhat.com

"DDoS Attacks on Cloud Auto-scaling Mechanisms". Red Hat Research. Retrieved 21 June 2025.

redhotcyber.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Settimo giorno di attacchi informatici all'Italia. NoName057(16) torna alle Banche e alle Telecomunicazioni". 6 August 2023.

rfc-editor.org (Global: 6,184^th place; English: 4,465^th place)

W. Eddy (August 2007). TCP SYN Flooding Attacks and Common Mitigations. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4987. RFC 4987. Informational.

sacredheart.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

digitalcommons.sacredheart.edu

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sans.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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scientific.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Sun, Fei Xian (2011). "Danger Theory Based Risk Evaluation Model for Smurf Attacks". Key Engineering Materials. 467–469: 515–521. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.467-469.515. ISSN 1662-9795. S2CID 110045205.

scmagazineuk.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Gold, Steve (21 August 2014). "Video games company hit by 38-day DDoS attack". SC Magazine UK. Archived from the original on 1 February 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
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securityfocus.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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securityweek.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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Ilascu, Ionut (21 August 2014). "38-Day Long DDoS Siege Amounts to Over 50 Petabits in Bad Traffic". Softpedia News. Retrieved 29 July 2018.

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theintercept.com (Global: 2,523^rd place; English: 1,574^th place)

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theverge.com (Global: 114^th place; English: 90^th place)

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ubuntu.com (Global: 4,803^rd place; English: 3,931^st place)

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utwente.nl (Global: low place; English: 8,900^th place)

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wiley.com (Global: 222^nd place; English: 297^th place)

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Mubarakali, Azath; Srinivasan, Karthik; Mukhalid, Reham; Jaganathan, Subash C. B.; Marina, Ninoslav (26 January 2020). "Security challenges in internet of things: Distributed denial of service attack detection using support vector machine-based expert systems". Computational Intelligence. 36 (4): 1580–1592. doi:10.1111/coin.12293. ISSN 0824-7935. S2CID 214114645.

wnmufm.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Bill Chappell (12 March 2014). "People Overload Website, Hoping To Help Search For Missing Jet". NPR. Retrieved 4 February 2016.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Bhattacharyya, Dhruba Kumar; Kalita, Jugal Kumar (27 April 2016). DDoS attacks : evolution, detection, prevention, reaction, and tolerance. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 9781498729659. OCLC 948286117.
Mubarakali, Azath; Srinivasan, Karthik; Mukhalid, Reham; Jaganathan, Subash C. B.; Marina, Ninoslav (26 January 2020). "Security challenges in internet of things: Distributed denial of service attack detection using support vector machine-based expert systems". Computational Intelligence. 36 (4): 1580–1592. doi:10.1111/coin.12293. ISSN 0824-7935. S2CID 214114645.
Sun, Fei Xian (2011). "Danger Theory Based Risk Evaluation Model for Smurf Attacks". Key Engineering Materials. 467–469: 515–521. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.467-469.515. ISSN 1662-9795. S2CID 110045205.
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zdnet.com (Global: 786^th place; English: 558^th place)

"Windows 7, Vista exposed to 'teardrop attack'". ZDNet. 8 September 2009. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 11 December 2013.

Denial-of-service attack (English Wikipedia)

163.com (Global: 372nd place; English: 942nd place)

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arxiv.org (Global: 69th place; English: 59th place)

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harvard.edu (Global: 18th place; English: 17th place)

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163.com (Global: 372^nd place; English: 942^nd place)

acm.org (Global: 1,185^th place; English: 840^th place)

amazon.com (Global: 105^th place; English: 79^th place)

arstechnica.com (Global: 388^th place; English: 265^th place)

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

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bleepingcomputer.com (Global: 6,171^st place; English: 4,055^th place)

bloomberg.com (Global: 99^th place; English: 77^th place)

cambridge.org (Global: 305^th place; English: 264^th place)

cisco.com (Global: 2,882^nd place; English: 2,105^th place)

cloud.google.com (Global: 9,964^th place; English: 6,992^nd place)

cloudflare.com (Global: 8,991^st place; English: 6,535^th place)

computerweekly.com (Global: 8,313^th place; English: 5,298^th place)

computerworld.com (Global: 2,429^th place; English: 1,561^st place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

europa.eu (Global: 68^th place; English: 117^th place)

fbi.gov (Global: 881^st place; English: 611^th place)

gartner.com (Global: 4,365^th place; English: 3,369^th place)

ghostarchive.org (Global: 32^nd place; English: 21^st place)

github.com (Global: 383^rd place; English: 320^th place)

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gpo.gov (Global: 1,360^th place; English: 845^th place)

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ietf.org (Global: 214^th place; English: 176^th place)

iu.edu (Global: 3,316^th place; English: 1,982^nd place)

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microsoft.com (Global: 153^rd place; English: 151^st place)

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theintercept.com (Global: 2,523^rd place; English: 1,574^th place)

theregister.co.uk (Global: 1,216^th place; English: 797^th place)

theverge.com (Global: 114^th place; English: 90^th place)

ubuntu.com (Global: 4,803^rd place; English: 3,931^st place)

unctad.org (Global: 6,871^st place; English: 5,382^nd place)

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zdnet.com (Global: 786^th place; English: 558^th place)