Design by contract (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Design by contract" in English language version.

Last modified: 13:20:06, 11 June 2026 (UTC)

Ref.Un. Ref.Website

Global rank English rank

44web.archive.org

1^st place

44uspto.gov

2,155^th place

1,380^th place

22scala-lang.org

low place

21cppreference.com

low place

11ethz.ch

2,203^rd place

1,928^th place

11open-std.org

7,079^th place

5,042^nd place

11microsoft.com

263^rd place

259^th place

11python.org

4,399^th place

3,941^st place

11dlang.org

low place

11embarcadero.com

low place

11northwestern.edu

2,347^th place

1,308^th place

cppreference.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

en.cppreference.com

"Contract assertions (since C++26)". cppreference.com. cppreference. Retrieved 9 November 2025.

dlang.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Bright, Walter (2014-11-01). "D Programming Language, Contract Programming". Digital Mars. Retrieved 2014-11-10.

embarcadero.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

edn.embarcadero.com

Hodges, Nick. "Write Cleaner, Higher Quality Code with Class Contracts in Delphi Prism". Embarcadero Technologies. Archived from the original on 26 April 2021. Retrieved 20 January 2016.

ethz.ch (Global: 2,203^rd place; English: 1,928^th place)

se.ethz.ch

Meyer, Bertrand: "Applying "Design by Contract"", in Computer (IEEE), 25, 10, October 1992, pp. 40–51.

microsoft.com (Global: 263^rd place; English: 259^th place)

msdn.microsoft.com

"Assertions in Managed Code". Microsoft Developer Network. 15 November 2016. Archived from the original on Aug 22, 2018.

northwestern.edu (Global: 2,347^th place; English: 1,308^th place)

eecs.northwestern.edu

Findler, Felleisen Contracts for Higher-Order Functions

open-std.org (Global: 7,079^th place; English: 5,042^nd place)

Joshua Berne; Timur Doumler; Andrzej Krzemieński (13 February 2025). "Contracts for C++" (PDF). open-std.org. WG 22.

python.org (Global: 4,399^th place; English: 3,941^st place)

docs.python.org

Official Python Docs, assert statement

scala-lang.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Scala Standard Library Docs - Assertions". EPFL. Retrieved 2019-05-24.
Strong typing as another "contract enforcing" in Scala, see discussion at scala-lang.org/.

uspto.gov (Global: 2,155^th place; English: 1,380^th place)

tess2.uspto.gov

"United States Patent and Trademark Office registration for "DESIGN BY CONTRACT"". Archived from the original on 2016-12-21. Retrieved 2009-06-22.
"United States Patent and Trademark Office registration for the graphic design with words "Design by Contract"". Archived from the original on 2016-12-21. Retrieved 2009-06-22.

tarr.uspto.gov

"Trademark Status & Document Retrieval - 78342277". USPTO Trademark Application and Registration Retrieval.
"Trademark Status & Document Retrieval - 78342308". USPTO Trademark Application and Registration Retrieval.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"United States Patent and Trademark Office registration for "DESIGN BY CONTRACT"". Archived from the original on 2016-12-21. Retrieved 2009-06-22.
"United States Patent and Trademark Office registration for the graphic design with words "Design by Contract"". Archived from the original on 2016-12-21. Retrieved 2009-06-22.
"Assertions in Managed Code". Microsoft Developer Network. 15 November 2016. Archived from the original on Aug 22, 2018.
Hodges, Nick. "Write Cleaner, Higher Quality Code with Class Contracts in Delphi Prism". Embarcadero Technologies. Archived from the original on 26 April 2021. Retrieved 20 January 2016.

Design by contract (English Wikipedia)

cppreference.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

en.cppreference.com

dlang.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

embarcadero.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

edn.embarcadero.com

ethz.ch (Global: 2,203rd place; English: 1,928th place)

se.ethz.ch

microsoft.com (Global: 263rd place; English: 259th place)

msdn.microsoft.com

northwestern.edu (Global: 2,347th place; English: 1,308th place)

eecs.northwestern.edu

open-std.org (Global: 7,079th place; English: 5,042nd place)

python.org (Global: 4,399th place; English: 3,941st place)

docs.python.org

scala-lang.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

uspto.gov (Global: 2,155th place; English: 1,380th place)

tess2.uspto.gov

tarr.uspto.gov

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

ethz.ch (Global: 2,203^rd place; English: 1,928^th place)

microsoft.com (Global: 263^rd place; English: 259^th place)

northwestern.edu (Global: 2,347^th place; English: 1,308^th place)

open-std.org (Global: 7,079^th place; English: 5,042^nd place)

python.org (Global: 4,399^th place; English: 3,941^st place)

uspto.gov (Global: 2,155^th place; English: 1,380^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)